EP0202981B1 - Vorrichtung zum Wärmeaustausch, insbesondere verwendbar zum Gas-/Wärmeaustausch - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Wärmeaustausch, insbesondere verwendbar zum Gas-/Wärmeaustausch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0202981B1
EP0202981B1 EP86400829A EP86400829A EP0202981B1 EP 0202981 B1 EP0202981 B1 EP 0202981B1 EP 86400829 A EP86400829 A EP 86400829A EP 86400829 A EP86400829 A EP 86400829A EP 0202981 B1 EP0202981 B1 EP 0202981B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spacers
plates
plate
fluid
crenellated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86400829A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0202981A1 (de
Inventor
Alain Grehier
Alexandre Rojey
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Publication of EP0202981A1 publication Critical patent/EP0202981A1/de
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Publication of EP0202981B1 publication Critical patent/EP0202981B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/083—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/048—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of ribs integral with the element or local variations in thickness of the element, e.g. grooves, microchannels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/14—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes molded
    • F28F2255/143—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes molded injection molded
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/355—Heat exchange having separate flow passage for two distinct fluids
    • Y10S165/356—Plural plates forming a stack providing flow passages therein
    • Y10S165/387—Plural plates forming a stack providing flow passages therein including side-edge seal or edge spacer bar
    • Y10S165/392—Unitary heat exchange plate and projecting edge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/905—Materials of manufacture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/906—Reinforcement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger of modular structure which can be used in particular for heat exchanges between gases.
  • the applicant has previously described various heat exchange devices of modular structure, for example in the published French patent applications FR-A 2,530,798 and 2,541,442.
  • the devices described in these documents consist of a stack of grids (or trellis) assembled one above the other by embedding, these grids can be obtained by injection molding of a thermoplastic material (metal or synthetic resin) or produced by assembling lamellae themselves obtained by machining or by molding by injection of various thermosplastic materials.
  • said superimposed lamellae or partitions formed separate channels in which the fluids could flow, for example in rows of alternate channels participating in the exchange, the fluids considered then circulating in parallel currents (in co-currents or against the current).
  • some of the lamellae or cloitsons in particular one of the sets of lamellae or partitions parallel to each other, could also have recesses, creating communications between the channels of the same row allowing 'one of the fluids to flow in a direction generally perpendicular to the lamellae or partitions thus perforated, therefore in a direction generally perpendicular to that of the channels traversed by the other fluid.
  • the exchanger could operate in cross currents.
  • a particular embodiment described consisted of a three-block exchanger, comprising a central block with parallel currents (for example against the current) corresponding to a structure of the first type above and two terminal blocks corresponding to a structure of the second type above and used for the supply and evacuation of fluids.
  • the heat exchangers thus formed could be used in particular for the recovery of heat by air introduced (and discharged) laterally through the terminal blocks in networks of communicating channels, on fumes which, for their part, passed through the blocks terminals by separate rows of channels.
  • Another embodiment could consist of a single block corresponding to a structure of the second type above, such a structure being intended to operate in cross currents.
  • the invention provides a device for the heat exchange between a relatively hot fluid and a relatively cold fluid, which comprises an exchange zone and means for supplying and discharging each of said fluids, said exchange zone comprising at least one block formed by juxtaposition of a plurality of rectangular plates parallel to each other, each plate being provided on at least one of the faces of continuous or crenellated spacers, parallel to each other on the same plate and d '' one plate to another, these plates being formed and arranged in such a way that, for any two adjacent plates, at least one of the opposite faces is provided with spacers, the plates, thus juxtaposed so as to defining circulation spaces for said fluids, being further constituted and arranged in such a way that, for one circulation space out of two, the spacers carried by at least one of the faces facing the two plates es adjacent delimiting said space, are crenellated spacers; the spacers are in one piece with the plates which carry them and at least part of said spacers are, over at least part of their length, in contact
  • crenellated spacers may also be called “indented” (the terms “niche” and “indented” will be used interchangeably).
  • Continuous spacers can also be called “full”.
  • the plates whose juxtaposition constitutes the exchange zone of the devices of the invention are rectangular and the spacers which they carry (whether crenellated or continuous) are parallel to the homologous edges of all of said plates .
  • the plates 1, the juxtaposition of which constitutes said exchange zone (except possibly the extreme plates), preferably rectangular, have on each of their faces, indented spacers (or crenellated) 2, these spacers, mutually parallel being further advantageously parallel to the edges of said plates 1 and equidistant over the width of the plates 1.
  • the indentations (or slots ) 3 may have a depth equal to the thickness of the spacers 2 or a lower depth. The latter possibility is illustrated in Figure 11.
  • the notches 3 On the spacers 2 of the same face of a plate 1, the notches 3 may be located in alignment perpendicular to the direction of said spacers 2 as shown in Figures 1 and 1A.
  • the spacers 2 are opposite one another and their notches 3 correspond respectively.
  • the juxtaposition of plates such as 1 brings the protruding parts 4 of the spacers 2 of one face of a plate into contact with the protruding parts 4 of the corresponding spacers 2 of the face opposite the adjacent plate 1 .
  • Such a juxtaposition of plates 1 forms an exchange zone 5, as shown in FIG. 1A, in which the presence of the notches 3 and the protruding parts 4 makes it possible to provide, between any two adjacent plates 1, a circulation network for a fluid, each network being able to be traversed in a direction parallel or in a direction perpendicular to the spacers 2.
  • the various adjacent networks are separated, by cons truction even, by the plates 1 themselves, so that there is, between the fluids circulating in adjacent networks, no possible passage, therefore no risk of leakage.
  • the structure of the exchange zone 5 offers a large number of circulation possibilities for the fluids traversing the various networks.
  • the two fluids can circulate in parallel currents (in co-currents or against the current) parallel to the direction of the spacers 2. They can also circulate in parallel currents (in co-currents or against the current) in a direction perpendicular to that of the spacers 2, through the notches 3.
  • the main interest of the structure described above lies in the fact that the two fluids can circulate there in cross currents, one of the fluids circulating parallel to the spacers 2, in one network out of two, the other fluid flowing, in the other networks, perpendicular to the spacers 2, through the passages created by the notches 3.
  • the notches 8 of each of the spacers 7 on the same face of a plate 6 are no longer located (between them) in alignment perpendicular to the direction of the spacers 7, but are offset on two neighboring spacers.
  • the circulation space has a different configuration, such that - in particular when the fluid circulates in a direction generally perpendicular to the spacers 8 - its circulation takes place along sinuous paths, and not relatively directly as was the case for the plates 1 of Figures 1 and 1A, where the notches 3 of the spacers 2 were not offset.
  • the offset of the notches 8 can have a certain regularity; as shown in Figures 2 and 2A, the notches 8 are offset for a spacer 7 in two, on the same face of a plate 6. It is also possible to envisage a less regular offset, repeating with a periodicity of more than two spacers, or a completely disordered offset over the entire width of one face of a plate.
  • the offset arrangement of the notches 8 only concerns one network out of two in the exchange zone 10, but it could also concern all the traffic networks.
  • the notches 8 (and the projecting parts 9) of the spacers 7 of each of the faces of the same plate 6 have staggered arrangements, the "regularity" of the offset can be provided for differently on both sides. from the same plate 6.
  • the plates 11, as shown in Figure 3 only carry spacers 12 on one of their faces, these spacers 12 having notches 13, located for example in alignment perpendicular to said spacers 12 of the same plate 11.
  • the exchange zone once assembled has a geometry similar to that of the exchange zone 5 as shown in Figure 1A and described above.
  • they can each circulate in a network out of two, in currents parallel to each other and parallel to the spacers 12, in currents parallel to each other and perpendicular to the spacers 12, or still in cross currents.
  • the plates whose juxtaposition constitutes said exchange zone (except possibly the extreme plates) have spacers on each of their faces which are, on a of the faces of each plate, full or continuous spacers, the spacers of the other face of the same plate being indented.
  • the plates 15 carry on one of their faces scalloped spacers 16 and on the other face of solid spacers 17.
  • a face d 'a plate 15 carrying solid spacers 17 has vis-à-vis a face carrying solid spacers 17 of the adjacent plate 15, the solid spacers 17 of the opposite faces being generally next to each other.
  • the face of a plate 15 carrying indented spacers 16 has opposite one face of the adjacent plate 15 itself carrying indented spacers 16, said spacers 16 generally being opposite one another others, their notches 18 and their projecting parts 19 corresponding respectively (whether these notches 18 and these projecting parts 19 are on the same plate 15 in alignment or that they are offset one relative to the other on any two neighboring spacers) .
  • the juxtaposition of the plates 15 forms an exchange zone.
  • the solid spacers 17 on one side of a plate 15 coming into contact over their entire length, with the corresponding spacers 17 on the opposite side of the adjacent plate 15 form rows of parallel channels which can be traversed by one of the fluids involved, parallel to the spacers 17. Furthermore, the coming into contact of the protruding parts 19 of the scalloped spacers 16 with faces facing two adjacent plates 15 makes it possible to form a circulation network for a second fluid.
  • the set of networks can be traversed by said second fluid in a direction parallel to the spacers 16 (in this case, the two fluids circulate in parallel currents: in co-currents or against the current) or in a direction perpendicular to the spacers 16 , through the passages created by the notches 18 (in this case the two fluids circulate in crossed currents).
  • said exchange zone can be constituted by the alternating juxtaposition of plates carrying spacers (crenellated or continuous ) on both sides and plates without spacers.
  • each male lug 20 on one face 23 of a plate 22 being opposite a female lug 21 on the opposite face screw 24 of the adjacent plate 22, in the juxtaposition of the plates.
  • a female positioning lug 21 may consist, for example, of a volume (for example of cylindrical or parallelepiped shape), emerging from a height hi from the face 24 of the plate 22 which carries it, whose plane of extreme section 25 is advantageously parallel to said face 24, and which has a cavity 26 (for example of cylindrical or parallelepiped shape whose axis and / or the walls have a direction perpendicular to said face 24) open on the face of the lug opposite to the plate , that is to say on section 25.
  • the depth P1 of the cavity 26 is less than the height h 1 of the female lug, the bottom 27 of said cavity 26 is at a distance h from the face 24 from plate 22.
  • a male positioning lug 20 may consist, for its part, of a volume emerging from a height h 2 from the face 23 of the plate 22 which carries it, whose end section plane 28 is advantageously parallel to said face 23 and whose at least one part 29, of height p z , less than or equal to the total height h 2 of said lug, has a suitable shape (for example frustoconical or truncated pyramid) to be able to engage in the cavity 26 of the female lug 21 which faces him.
  • the dimensions and the shape of the male and female lugs 20 and 21, in particular the inclination of the truncated frustoconical or pyramidal surface of the part 29 of the male lug 20, are chosen so that the positioning of the adjacent plates , at a distance determined by the heights of the spacers 31 and 32, presents the least possible play.
  • the dimensions of the internal edge of the cavity 26 of the female lug 21 should be identical to the dimensions of the frustoconical or truncated pyramid part 29 of the lug male 20, at its junction with the base 30 (or with the face 23 of the plate when there is no base).
  • the extreme plane 28 of the frustoconical or truncated pyramidal part 29 of the male lug 20 is not in contact with the bottom of the cavity 26 of the female lug 21; and we ap 2 ⁇ P 1 or h 2 + l 1 ⁇ d.
  • the dimensions of the inner edge of the cavity 26 of the female lug 21 are identical to those of the section of the frustoconical or truncated pyramid part 29 of the male pin 20 at the same level, it being further preferred that there is no contact between the extreme plane 25 of the female pin 21 and the extreme plane of the base 30 of the male pin 20 , when there is such a base, or with the face 23 of the plate, when there is no base.
  • the most advantageous case is that where the contact between the male pins 20 and the female pins 21 is made neither by bringing the extreme plane 25 of the female pins 21 into contact with the base 30 of the male pins 20, nor by contact of the extreme plane 28 of the male pins 20 with the bottom 27 of the cavity 26 of the female pins 21, but by bringing the inner edge of the cavity 26 of the female pins 21 into contact with the frustoconical or pyramidal part 29 of the male pins 20 , at an intermediate level of it, where the dimensions coincide.
  • this arrangement there is no possible lateral play between the plates. This is the one shown in Figure 5.
  • each plate 22 The positioning lugs 20 and 21 described above can be distributed in any manner on the faces of each plate 22, with the condition that each male lug 20 on one face 23 of any plate 22 corresponds to a female lug 21 from the face 24 opposite, from the adjacent plate 22.
  • the positioning pins 20 and 21 can be placed between the spacers or on the spacers themselves.
  • the male and female positioning pins considered in the invention may have other shapes than those described above. They will be equivalent to the lugs 20 and 21 when they provide the same function which consists in preventing the displacement of the plates with respect to each other in a plane direction parallel to the plane direction of the plates.
  • the juxtaposed plates which constitute the exchange zone of the device of the invention can be held against each other by any usual clamping means, for example by means of end plates connected and tightened together by tie rods passing through the outside of the block constituting the exchange structure.
  • tie rods 35 constituted for example by metal rods threaded at their ends, these ends passing through, on either side of the block constituting the exchange structure, preferably metal flanges and pierced with openings corresponding to the openings 34 drilled in the plates 22, the tightening of the assembly formed by the flanges and the exchange structure which they enclose can be achieved by means of nuts screwed onto the threaded ends of the rods constituting the tie rods 35.
  • the openings 34 allowing the passage of the tie rods 35 previously described can be the source of leakage of a fluid (for example relatively cold) in the other fluid (for example relatively hot), through the plates 22, said openings can be, according to a particular arrangement of the invention, practiced through parts of the plates specially designed to ensure, during the tightening of the assembly of the plates, the seal between the spaces for circulation of the fluids situated on either side of each plate.
  • the openings 34 made in the plates 22 are provided with sleeves 36 of geometry such that their extreme edges come into contact when the assembly of the plates 22 is tightened, thus preventing the passage of fluid through the openings 34 from a circulation space 37 to the neighboring circulation space 37.
  • This arrangement repeating itself over the entire extent of the exchange block, the limitation of leaks between all the circulation spaces situated on either side of the plates is thus ensured.
  • the openings 34 for the passage of the tie rods 35 can be distributed in any manner on the surface of the plates 22.
  • the distribution is preferably relatively regular.
  • the openings 34 for the passage of the tie rods 35 can be made through the positioning pins 20 and 21 as described above, the geometry of which must then be such that they ensure both the positioning of the plates 22 relative to each other and the limitation of leaks between the spaces 37 for circulation of the fluids of on either side of the plates 22, this limitation of the leaks being produced by the contacts between the male and female parts of the positioning pins.
  • An exchanger structure according to the invention can be constituted by the juxtaposition of a number of plates as described above.
  • each plate can be constituted by assembling in the same plane several elementary plates, the plates to be assembled then being provided, on their respective edges, with suitable securing devices, the assembly being carried out by mutual embedding of said plates. securing devices.
  • a number m of elementary plates by their edges perpendicular to the direction of the spacers and / or assemble a number n of elementary plates by their edges parallel to the direction of the spacers, thus forming plates comprising mxn elementary plates, m and n being any integers (at least one of which is at least 2).
  • the numbers m and n are not very high.
  • the lateral assembly of the plates along their edges perpendicular to the direction of the spacers can be achieved for example by devices such as those shown in Figures 7 and 8 or by equivalent devices.
  • the assembly devices are based on the same principle which consists in embedding a projecting part or tongue 38 of the edge of one of the plates to be assembled 39 in the corresponding hollow or groove 40 formed in the edge of the adjacent plate to be joined 41.
  • Said protruding part 38 has the same thickness as the plate 39 in FIG. 7 and a lesser thickness in FIG. 8.
  • the lateral assembly of the plates along their edges parallel to the direction of the spacers can be carried out for example, as shown in Figures 9 and 9A, by embedding lugs 42 emerging from the edge of a plate 43 in holes 44 practically of the same dimension formed in the edge of the adjacent plate to be assembled, opposite said lugs 42.
  • a block is generally used which is made up of juxtaposition of plates which can correspond to the different types described above.
  • a particular mode is shown in Figures 11 and 11A.
  • the fluid is evacuated in general by the face of the exchange block opposite to the supply face, through openings similar to the openings 45, of a plate similar to the plate 46 (not shown in Figures 11 and 11A), said plate also closing off the spaces 48 intended for the circulation of the second fluid.
  • the fluid which must circulate in the spaces 48 in a direction generally parallel to the spacers 2 of FIG. 11A, it can be introduced through the openings 49 of the plate 50, these openings giving access to the spaces 48, said plate 50 closing by elsewhere the spaces 47 intended for the circulation of the first fluid.
  • the evacuation of said second fluid is carried out by the face of the exchange block opposite to the supply face, through openings 51 of the plate 52, said plate also closing off the spaces 47 intended for the circulation of the first fluid.
  • the supply plates 46 and the discharge plates (not shown) of the first fluid will themselves be located in vertical planes, orthogonal to the previous ones, the supply plates 50 and the discharge plates 52 of the second fluid will be in horizontal planes and the second fluid will flow from top to bottom. It is equally possible to envisage that the second fluid circulates from bottom to top, the supply plate then being the bottom plate 52 and the discharge plate then being the top plate 50.
  • FIG. 10B Another possibility of implementing the exchanger structures according to the invention is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 10B.
  • the exchange block includes three zones whose role can be defined in relation to the circulation of the first fluid (introduced laterally), it being understood that the second fluid circulates in the same way in the three zones, namely parallel to the direction of the spacers, either from bottom to top or (as shown in Figure 10B), from top to bottom.
  • the lower zone which is for example the supply zone of the first fluid, the latter circulates almost in cross current with the second fluid.
  • the two fluids circulate in parallel currents (against the current if the second fluid circulates from top to bottom or in co-currents, if the second fluid circulates from bottom to top) and in the upper zone, which is in the case considered the evacuation zone of the first fluid, it circulates almost in cross current with the second fluid.
  • the supply plate (respectively discharge) of the second fluid it suffices, in the supply plate (respectively discharge) of the second fluid, to make the openings necessary for the introduction (respectively at the outlet) of said fluid only in the lower part ( respectively in the upper part) of the plate in question.
  • the dimensioning of the exchanger structures of the invention can be very varied depending on the flow rates and temperatures of the fluids put into exchange relationship.
  • the length and width of the plates can be several tens of centimeters, their thickness from less than 1 mm to a few millimeters and the distance between the median planes of adjacent plates can be from a few millimeters to a few centimeters.
  • the number of plates juxtaposed to constitute the exchange block can be from about ten to several hundred.
  • the exchange surface per unit volume of the devices according to the invention can be high. Average values of this surface are in the neighborhood of 150 to 200 m2 per m3.
  • the plates constituting the exchanger structures according to the invention can be made of various materials, good or medium heat conductors, depending on the temperatures of the fluids involved in the heat exchange.
  • the material may consist of a thermoplastic material such as polypropylene, optionally charged, for temperatures below 100 ° C., polyvinylidene fluoride, for temperatures ranging for example from 100 to 140 ° C., or alternatively an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer. charged, for temperatures ranging, for example, from 140 to 190 ° C.
  • a thermoplastic material such as polypropylene, optionally charged, for temperatures below 100 ° C., polyvinylidene fluoride, for temperatures ranging for example from 100 to 140 ° C., or alternatively an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer. charged, for temperatures ranging, for example, from 140 to 190 ° C.
  • the plates can also be made of thermosetting plastics, such as, for example, polyesters or epoxy resins.
  • the material can also consist of a metal, a metal alloy, glass, cement or ceramic. It may also consist of a composite material such as, for example, a plastic material loaded with pulverulent, granular, filamentary, woven or nonwoven products, said products or fillers themselves being able to consist of metals, alloys, amorphous carbon, graphite, glass, ceramic or even mineral salts.
  • its mass surface may be around 6 to 7 dm2 / kg for steel and around 40 to 50 dm 2 / kg for a plastic material.
  • the plates can be obtained by various shaping methods.
  • the material is a light alloy, a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material, they can be produced by molding (in particular injection molding).
  • the heat exchange devices according to the invention are furthermore provided with supply and evacuation conduits for each of the fluids participating in the exchange, these conduits being connected to the exchange structure proper by conventional means. which will not be described in more detail. They can be used for heat exchanges between gases, in particular for heat recovery from flue gases (from boilers, ovens, etc.), the heat recovered can be used in particular to heat air (for example preheating the combustion air from the boiler or oven).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (14)

1. Vorrichtung zum Wärmeaustausch zwischen einem relativ warmen Fluid und einem relativ kalten Fluid mit einer Wärmeaustauscherzone und Einrichtungen zum Zuführen und Abführen für jedes dieser Fluide, wobei diese Wärmeaustauscherzone wenigstens einen Block umfaßt, der durch Nebeneinanderanordnung einer Vielzahl rechteckförmiger zueinander paralleler Platten geformt ist, wobei jede Platte auf wenigstens einer ihrer Seiten mit durchgehenden oder mit Zinnen versehenen zueinander Zwischenstücken versehen ist, die auf ein und der gleichen Platte und von einer Platte zur anderen parallel sind, wobei diese Platten so gebildet und angeordnet sind, daß für zwei beliebige benachbarte Platten wenigstens eine der sich gegenüberstehenden Flächen mit Zwischenstücken versehen ist, wobei diese Platten, die nebeneinander angeordnet sind, um Räume für die Zirkulation der Fluide zu begrenzen, derart ausgebildet und angeordnet sind, daß wenigstens für ein über den anderen Zirkulationsraum die durch wenigstens eine der gegenüberliegenden Seiten der beiden benachbarten Platten getragenen diesen Raum begrenzenden Zwischenstücke mit Zinnen versehene Zwischenstücke sind, wobei die Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß diese Zwischenstücke aus einem einzigen Teil mit den sie tragenden Platten gebildet sind, daß für zwei beliebige benachbarte Platten wenigstens ein Teil dieser Zwischenstücke auf wenigstens . einem Teil ihrer Länge in Kontakt mit der Fläche der benachbarten gegenüberstehenden Platte oder mit wenigstens einem Teil der Zwischenstücke stehen, welche auf dieser gegenüber angeordneten Fläche auf wenigstens einem Teil ihrer Länge vorgesehen sind und daß diese Wärmeaustauscherzone Endplatten umfaßt, die senkrecht zu den den Wärmeaustauscherblock bildenden Platten und senkrecht zur Richtung der Zwischenstücke angeordnet sind, wobei diese Platten mit Öffnungen zum Zuführen oder Abführen eines ersten Fluids in oder aus einem Zirkulationsraum über den anderen vorgesehen sind und daß Endplatten (46) senkrecht zu den den Wärmeaustauscherblock (5) bildenden Platten und parallel zur Richtung dieser Zwischenstücke (2) vorgesehen sind, wobei diese Platten mit Öffnungen (45) für die Zuführung oder Abführung eines zweiten Fluids in die (oder aus den) anderen Zirkulationsräumen (47) vorgesehen sind, wobei die Zuführungs- und Abführeinrichtungen für das erste Fluid mit dieser Wärmeaustauscherzone derart verbunden sind, daß die Zirkulation dieses Fluides sich in den entsprechenden Zirkulationsräumen in einer Richtung parallel zu den durchgehenden oder mit Zinnen versehenen Zwischenstücken, die in diesen Räumen vorgesehen sind, erfolgt, und Zuführungs-und Abführungseinrichtungen für das zweite Fluid mit dieser Wärmeaustauscherzone derart verbunden sind, daß die Zirkulation dieses Fluids in den entsprechenden Zirkulationsräumen in einer Richtung vor sich geht, die allgemein senkrecht zu den mit Zinnen versehenen Zwischenstücken sind, die in diesen Räumen quer über die Scharten oder Lücken vorhanden sind.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sämtliche Platten 1 auf jeder ihrer Flächen mit Mauerscharten versehene Zwischenstücke 2 tragen und daß zwischen einer Seite einer Platte 1 und der gegenüberstehenden Seite der benachbarten Platte 1 diese mit Mauerscharten versehenen Zwischenstücke 2 einander gegenüberstehen und daß ihre mauerschartenförmigen Ausbildungen 3 und ihre vorstehenden Teile 4 sich jeweils entsprechen.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platten 11 auf einer einzigen ihrer Flächen mit Mauerscharten versehene Zwischenstücke 12 tragen.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platten 15 auf einer ihrer Flächen mit Mauerscharten versehene Zwischenstücke 16 und auf der anderen Seite durchgehende Zwischenstücke 17 tragen und daß zwischen einer Fläche einer durchgehenden Zwischenstücke 17 tragenden Platte 15 und der gegenüberstehenden Fläche der benachbarten Platte 15, welche ebenfalls durchgehende Zwischenstücke 17 trägt, diese Zwischenstücke 17 einander gegenüberstehen und zwischen einer Fläche einer mit Mauerscharten versehenen Zwischenstücke 16 tragenden Platte 15 und der gegenüberstehenden Fläche der benachbarten Platte 15, die ebenfalls mit Mauerscharten versehene Zwischenstücke 16 trägt, diese mit mauerschartigen Ausbildungen versehenen Zwischenstücke 16 einander gegenüberstehenen und daß ihre mauerschartenförmigen Ausbildungen 18 und ihre vorstehenden Teile 19 sich jeweils entsprechen.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platten Zwischenstücke nur auf einer ihrer Flächen tragen, wobei durchgehende Zwischenstücke tragende Platten sich mit mauerschartenförmige Zwischenstücke tragenden Platten abwechseln.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Platte 22 auf jeder ihrer Flächen eine Vielzahl von männlichen 20 oder weiblichen 21 Positionierungselementen entsprechend komplementären weiblichen 21 oder männlichen 20 Elementen tragen, die an homologen Orten der Flächen der benachbarten einander gegenüberstehenden Platten 22 angeordnet sind.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Positionierungselemente 20 und 21 auf wenigstens einem Teil von ihnen fest mit den Zwischenstücken sind.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die den Wärmeaustauscherblock bildenden Platten für wenigstens einen Teil von ihnen gebildet sind aus einer Anzahl m x n von Elementarplatten, wobei m und n zwei ganze Zahlen sind, von denen wenigstens eine wenigstens gleich 2 ist, wobei diese Elementarplatten in ein und der gleichen Ebene über ihre Abschnitte zusammengebaut sind, die senkrecht zur Richtung der Zwischenstücke un/oder über ihre Abschnitte parallel zur Richtung der Zwischenstücke sing.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die nebeneinander angeordneten Platten 22, die den Wärmeaustauscherblock bilden, zwischen zwei Flanschen durch Zuganker 35 gespannt oder gepreßt gehalten werden, welche aus an ihren Enden gewindeten Stangen bestehen und die Gruppenanordnung von Platten in Öffnungen 34 durchsetzen, welche mit Hülsen 36 versehen sind, welche über die gesamte Fläche der Platten verteilt sind.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnungen 34 zum Durchgang der Zuganker 35 in den Positionierungselementen 20 und 21 ausgespart sind.
11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platten durch (Gieß)formen aus einem Material hergestellt sind, das gewählt ist aus den Leichtmetallegierungen, den thermoplastischen Materialien und den in der Wärme härtenden Materialien.
12. Verfahren zum Wärmeaustausch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man ein relativ warmes Fluid und relativ kaltes Fluid in Kreuzströmen in einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 zurkulieren läßt.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Fluide Gase sind.
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieses relativ warme Fluid aus Kessel- oder Ofenrauchgasen besteht und daß dieses relativ kalte Fluid Luft ist.
EP86400829A 1985-04-23 1986-04-17 Vorrichtung zum Wärmeaustausch, insbesondere verwendbar zum Gas-/Wärmeaustausch Expired EP0202981B1 (de)

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FR8506297 1985-04-23
FR8506297A FR2580794B1 (fr) 1985-04-23 1985-04-23 Dispositif d'echange thermique utilisable notamment pour des echanges entre gaz

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EP0202981B1 true EP0202981B1 (de) 1989-03-01

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JP (1) JPS61246597A (de)
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DE3662219D1 (en) 1989-04-06
EP0202981A1 (de) 1986-11-26
KR860008431A (ko) 1986-11-15
FR2580794B1 (fr) 1989-05-19
US4771826A (en) 1988-09-20
KR940010979B1 (ko) 1994-11-21
JPH0565792B2 (de) 1993-09-20
US4898233A (en) 1990-02-06
CN86102864A (zh) 1986-10-29
FR2580794A1 (fr) 1986-10-24
JPS61246597A (ja) 1986-11-01

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