Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
  • B28B7/20—Moulds for making shaped articles with undercut recesses, e.g. dovetails
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
  • B28B7/0064—Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces
  • B28B7/0079—Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces with surfaces for moulding interlocking means, e.g. grooves and ribs
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
  • B28B7/22—Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings, i.e. units each comprising an important section of at least two limiting planes of a room or space, e.g. cells; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method of manufacturing components intended for the industrialized construction of buildings, possibly including reservations and at least one of the edges of which carries self-positioning and assembly profiles and elements for the implementation of said process.
• a mold consisting of a bottom giving the shape to one of the large faces of the panel, the dimensions of which are such that they make it possible to cover the ranges.
• dimensional dimensions of the panels and side panels responding to the diversity of the dimensional ranges defining the edges of the panel.
• the self-positioning and assembly profiles provided on the periphery of the panels are obtained by profiled lateral cheeks.
• the profiles or reservations provided in the large faces require the use of counter molds comprising said profiles.
• the mold In order to allow the filling of the molding profiles, the mold must be used flat.
• the invention aims to dissociate the manufacture of panels or components from those of the connection means and possibly of the surrounds of the various reservations.
• the connecting means and the surrounds are produced as elements which will form part of the molds during the manufacture of the panels or components.
• These elements which have, with respect to the panels or elements, reduced dimensions, are manufactured in centers having the necessary precision equipment and sent under acceptable conditions, to site factories in which the panels or components are cast.
• These standardized elements form one or more side walls or mold cheeks and / or reservations which will be joined to the panel during its manufacture.
• Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of two interfacing elements presented for their assembly.
• Figure 2 is a sectional view along II-II of Figure 1.
• Figure 3 is a second embodiment of an interfacing element.
• FIG. K is a perspective view of a first form of toothing provided on an interface element according to the invention.
• FIG. 4A is a developed top view of the teeth of FIG. 4.
• FIG. 4B is a side view of the teeth of the filling 4.
• FIG. 4C is a sectional view along IV-IV of FIG. 4.
• Figure 5 is a perspective view of a second form of teeth provided on an interfacing element according to the invention.
• FIG. 5A is a developed top view of the teeth of FIG. 5.
• FIG. 5B is a side view of the teeth of FIG. 5.
• FIG. 5C is a sectional view along V-V of FIG. 5.
• FIGS. 6A to 6C are sectional views of molds for the manufacture of interfacing elements having a toothing on one side.
• FIGS. 7 A and 7B are sectional views of molds for the manufacture of interfacing elements having teeth on two opposite faces.
• Figure 8 is a perspective view with parts broken away of a structure formed of elements having teeth according to the example of Figures 4 to 4C.
• the method of manufacturing the panels according to the invention is based on the use of interfacing elements and possibly of elements of standardized shape which are manufactured industrially.
• the interfacing elements are elements of reduced transverse dimensions which will constitute, in the different parts of a building, the physical border between two components having different functions or between components having the same function but whose functional continuity must be ensured despite a cut created in general due to the means chosen for their implementation.
• an interface will always consist of at least two contacting zones, one belonging to the first component, the other to the second.
• the zones allowing a floor to rest on a wall, a wall to rest on a floor or on a foundation, a door to fix, etc. form as many interfaces.
• the first will be designated by interfacing elements and the second by form elements without eliminating the possibility for the latter to transmit forces and also to present assembly profiles.
• the interfacing elements are produced industrially by molding.
• the mold wall forming the imprint of the self-positioning and assembly profile has a rigidity and a finish such that the profile obtained put in cooperation with a profile obtained from the mime mold provides perfect interlocking.
• One of the faces of the element will constitute a connecting face and will have waiting steels or reliefs capable of joining the molding material during the manufacture of the panel or of the component.
• the cheek of the mold intended to form a groove facing the panel or of the component and on the edges which must have a profile, the interfacing element or elements.
• These elements previously cut to the desired lengths present a sequence of reliefs of the profile combined with the reliefs of an element of a panel or component which must cooperate in the construction.
• the elements are positioned on the cheek of the mold with the overall dimensions of the finished panel, the connecting faces being directed towards the inside of the panel.
• edges of the panel having no profiles are defined by lateral flat molding cheeks.
• the communications in the panel or the component are obtained by the positioning of shaped elements, prefabricated and cut to desired length, forming reservations.
• the mold thus obtained is filled with a material in the plastic state. After drying and hardening, the interfacing elements as well as the form elements form an integral part of the panel.
• the interfacing element whose degree of hardening is maximum, is connected over its entire length by its connecting face to the newly molded panel and distributes, over all or part of the length, the forces caused by lifting.
• the curing time of the molded panel can therefore be shortened without inconvenience.
• the material used in the plastic state to fill the mold is, for example, concrete, plaster, a powdery or granular material bonded by a synthetic resin, a synthetic material.
• the interfacing and shape elements may be made of the same material as that used for casting the panel, or of different materials. They can also be produced for example by metal or plastic profiles, the connection with the material of the panel being obtained by coating fixing lugs or by filling a hollow part of the profile.
• the previously described profile applies to the molding of panels in a horizontal position, the mold comprising only one cheek of large face and the material being poured over the entire surface.
• the cheeks intended to form the large faces being arranged vertically and spaced from each other by the desired thickness of the panels.
• the procedure is as in the previous example by fixing, on a first cheek forming a large face of the panel, the interfacing elements and possibly of shape.
• a second cheek, forming the second large face of the panel closes the mold and carries on its outer surface the elements intended for a second panel and so on.
• the edge of the panel corresponding to the upper part of the mold does not have a profile
• the upper flat lateral cheek closing the mold is omitted, so as to allow the introduction of the material in the plastic state, the edge of the panel is then formed by the free surface of the material.
• the mold When the edge of the panel must have a profile, the mold is left open at its upper part, as in the previous case, then after filling, the mold is closed by a suitable interfacing element which is made to penetrate in position between the cheeks delimiting the large faces of the panel.
• the filling of the mold takes account of the volume occupied by the element put in place, for example, using a device vibrating tif, an overflow hole being provided at the top to remove excess material.
• the interfacing elements for implementing the method described above, are formed by a linear element 1 (fig. 1) of prismatic section comprising on at least one of its faces a toothing 2 including one of the lateral faces 3 teeth 4 made with respect to the longitudinal plane of the linear element, materialized in this embodiment by the lower face 5 of the linear element, an angle ⁇ (fig. 2) equal and opposite to the angle of the face 6 entredents.
• the teeth 4 are complementary to the hollows between teeth so that the interfacing elements originating from the same mold or from identical molds have teeth capable of cooperating.
• the teeth 4A of an interfacing element 1A are capable of meshing exactly in the inter-teeth of the teeth 4 of the interfacing element 1 while, conversely, the teeth 4 of the element 1 come to mesh in the between-teeth 4A of the element 1A.
• the two cooperating interfacing elements self-position during their positioning both in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction, the sliding of 'a face 3 of a tooth of an element 1 on the face 6A of a crotch of the other element 1A being blocked by the sliding in opposite direction of a face 3A of a tooth of the element 1A on a face 6 of the inter-tooth of the element 1.
• the interfacing elements or the form elements bear on at least one of their surfaces other than that comprising the toothing of the connecting means 7, which in the example shown are steels embedded in the material constituting the linear element .
• These connecting means can also be constituted by grooves, indentations, embedded profiles, etc. allowing a resistant and preferably continuous attachment of the linear element in the material forming the panel.
• the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 is particularly suitable for panels or components to be assembled to form a continuous planar surface. In the case where these construction elements form a horizontal joint, this does not allow the return of the runoff water or at least facilitates its evacuation as a result of the descending slopes which have the faces of the teeth of the lower element .
• FIG. 3 shows an interfacing element comprising a toothing 8, 9 on each of its parallel and opposite faces.
• an element is suitable, for example, for the production of a panel or floor component held between a lower panel and an upper wall panel and more generally, for any interface formed by three panels, one of which is perpendicular to the other two.
• the toothing forms, towards the face 10 carrying the connection means, a backsplash 11 which optionally makes it possible to make a seal with the cooperating perpendicular panel.
• connection plates 12 anchored in the faces carrying the teeth and flush with the backsplash 11, which will be joined by welding with corresponding plates provided in the cooperating panels, when the structural work will be completed.
• the teeth have the shape of a pyramid with a square base.
• the section of a tooth through a plane passing through the edge forming the end of the tooth is an isosceles trapezoid.
• the teeth consequently having a large draft on their two faces allow self-centering of the teeth of two interfacing elements integral with the panels, approximately positioned for their positioning.
• the teeth and between-teeth have polygonal faces inclined alternately by the same angle to the right and to the left relative to the median plane M of the teeth.
• the faces 13, 13A are diamonds as shown in the top view developed in FIG. A4.
• the teeth therefore have a double row of pseudo-teeth 14, 15 as shown from the front and in section, FIGS. 4B and 4C.
• FIG. 8 An example of use of teeth in accordance with the previous embodiment is shown in FIG. 8.
• the load-bearing walls 24 and 25 assembled at right angles are formed of panels of which at least the vertical edges carry teeth elements s '' meshing into each other by self-positioning.
• the upper edges carry teeth elements directed upwards with which cooperate teeth elements forming the edge of the lower face of a floor panel 26 and directed downwards.
• the floor panel carries on the edge of the upper face of the teeth elements directed upwards and in which come to mesh the elements carried by the upper vertical panel 27 and / or 28. It is also possible to connect two floor panels 26 and 29 whose cooperating edges carry teeth elements, ensuring thus the vertical force transfers symmetrically from one panel to another.
• FIGS. 4 to 4C show a total symmetry of the faces of the teeth. This solution allows the introduction and self-positioning of the last element of a parallelepiped.
• the faces 17, 17A are hexagons which are arranged in the same way as the faces of the previous example and form a toothing with a double row of pseudo-teeth.
• FIG. 5A is a developed top view of the toothing, FIGS. 5B and C being respectively side and sectional views of this exemplary embodiment.
• the sides of the hexagonal faces constituting the teeth 17 and between teeth 17A are connected by triangles 18.
• FIGS. 6 A, B, C and 7 A, B show an example of a method of manufacturing interfacing elements of various configurations.
• FIGS. 6A to 6C relate to elements having a toothing on a single face and in particular that of the end for panels having to assemble in the same plane or for elements capable of assembling perpendicularly to another element comprising a toothing on a side face, such as for example a floor panel.
• the section of the mold presented in FIG. 6A corresponds to an element whose width of the toothing is equal to the thickness of the linear element and therefore that of the panel which will be formed from this element.
• FIG. 6B corresponds to a linear element therefore a panel, thicker than the toothing, the latter being centered relative to the median plane of the panel.
• FIG. 6C corresponds to a linear element which is thicker than the toothing but the latter being offset from the median plane of the panel.
• FIGS. 7A and 7B show in section a mold for interfacing elements comprising two teeth on the lateral faces of the linear element respectively in the case where the two teeth are formed near the end face of the linear element and in the case where they are at a certain distance from the end face.
• the manufacture of the various interfacing elements is very simple since from a single imprint 19 it is possible by modifying the distance between the side cheeks 20 to obtain elements of thickness various, usable for the manufacture of panels of corresponding thicknesses.
• the manufacture of the interfacing elements is therefore easily diversifiable with an extremely reduced molding material.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9308774

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Families Citing this family (4)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1984
  • 1984-10-18 FR FR8415962A patent/FR2572011B1/fr not_active Expired
• 1985
  • 1985-10-16 AU AU50104/85A patent/AU5010485A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1985-10-16 JP JP60504578A patent/JPS61502598A/ja active Pending
  • 1985-10-16 KR KR1019860700316A patent/KR900003645B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 1985-10-16 WO PCT/FR1985/000295 patent/WO1986002311A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1985-10-16 EP EP85905067A patent/EP0199751A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 1986
  • 1986-06-02 FI FI862331A patent/FI862331A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1986-06-16 DK DK281986A patent/DK281986D0/da not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1986-06-18 OA OA58879A patent/OA08345A/xx unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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