EP0197812A1 - Wärmetauscher mit schraubenförmigen Rohren mit Haltevorrichtungen - Google Patents

Wärmetauscher mit schraubenförmigen Rohren mit Haltevorrichtungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0197812A1
EP0197812A1 EP86400497A EP86400497A EP0197812A1 EP 0197812 A1 EP0197812 A1 EP 0197812A1 EP 86400497 A EP86400497 A EP 86400497A EP 86400497 A EP86400497 A EP 86400497A EP 0197812 A1 EP0197812 A1 EP 0197812A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
perforations
heat exchanger
plates
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86400497A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0197812B1 (de
Inventor
Michel Carnoy
Bernard Mathieu
Charley Renaux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP0197812A1 publication Critical patent/EP0197812A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0197812B1 publication Critical patent/EP0197812B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/028—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of at least one medium being helically coiled, the coils having a conical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0132—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by slats, tie-rods, articulated or expandable rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0054—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for nuclear applications

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger whose helically wound tubes are provided with improved support devices.
  • the great flexibility of the helically wound tubes requires that they be held by very close supporting devices.
  • These support devices must ensure permanent clamping of the tubes in order to avoid their entry into vibration caused by the flow of fluid around the tubes. Since the turns of tubes have no lateral stiffness, the support devices must also hold them transversely, in particular in the event of a horizontal earthquake.
  • the layers of tubes wound in helices can be at different temperatures under certain operating conditions. The tube support devices must therefore allow differential radial expansion between the layers.
  • the supporting devices must be designed in such a way that, even in the event of the parts constituting them breaking, debris cannot be dispersed in the circuit.
  • the prestressing ensuring cold tightening of the tube is obtained by tightening the screws.
  • the tightening force is therefore not homogeneous from one screw to another since it depends on the quality of the thread thereof.
  • the clamping force decreases when hot due to the differential expansion between the screws and the tubes.
  • document CH-B-491313 discloses a technique for holding the tubes of an exchanger using a support plate pierced with cylindrical holes.
  • the tubes are held in these holes by an assembly formed by a socket and a sleeve preferably having complementary frustoconical surfaces and joined together either by welds or by folded tabs.
  • the present invention specifically relates to a heat exchanger whose exchange tubes are wound in a helix and supported by devices ensuring the same functions as the known devices while being composed of simpler parts, the cost of manufacturing and mounting is less and does not have the drawbacks of known devices.
  • a heat exchanger comprising tubes, at least one support plate comprising perforations through which the tubes pass, and at least one frustoconical retaining sleeve placed around the tubes in each of the perforations.
  • the tubes are wound in helix in successive layers around a common axis, each layer of tubes crossing a row of perforations formed in a different support plate, said perforations being open radially with respect to said axis, over a width slightly greater than the external diameter of the tubes, pieces of connection being placed between the support plates of two successive layers of tubes, said parts allowing relative movement between the plates in a radial direction relative to said axis, while ensuring relative support between the plates in a transverse direction orthogonal to said axis and to said radial direction.
  • the perforations formed in the support plates can be either frustoconical or cylindrical.
  • a single socket, of frustoconical external surface, placed around the tubes in each of the perforations is sufficient, but the machining of the perforations is relatively delicate.
  • the machining of the perforations is simpler but two sockets of complementary shape must be placed coaxially around the tubes in each of the perforations.
  • each of the sockets can be formed either of two half-shells, or of an open shell having a C-shaped section.
  • these these can advantageously comprise at least one tab and at least one notch arranged in such a way that they interlock with one another to form each of the sockets.
  • the crimping of the sockets on the support plates is preferably carried out by folding against them tabs formed at one end of lesser thickness of each of the sockets.
  • the sockets can be split over part of their length.
  • the connecting pieces are integral with each of the support plates and protrude radially with respect to the axis of the exchanger in holes of the same width formed in the plate adjacent support for the next layer.
  • the connecting pieces are mounted in each of the support plates so as to be able to move radially relative to said axis between a retracted mounting position and a holding position in which these pieces are in abutment against surfaces bearing formed on the adjacent support plate of the previous layer and prevent relative movement between the plates in said transverse direction.
  • the movement of the connecting pieces from the retracted position to the holding position is then controlled by push rods oriented radially relative to the axis of the exchanger and sliding in support plates.
  • the heat exchanger 10 shown by way of nonlimiting example in FIG. 1 is a steam generator intended to be used in a fast neutron nuclear reactor, between the secondary circuit of liquid metal and the water-steam circuit of the reactor . It will however be understood that the invention applies to any heat exchanger whose tubes are wound in a helix, whatever its field of use.
  • the heat exchanger 10 comprises an external cylindrical casing 12, of vertical axis, in which the primary fluid, consisting of liquid sodium in the example under consideration, is made to flow between pipes. inlet 14 and outlet 16.
  • the secondary liquid constituted here by water and steam, circulates from bottom to top inside the casing 12 of the exchanger in a bundle of tubes 18. These tubes 18 open at their lower ends into water inlet collectors 20 and, at their upper end, into steam outlet collectors 22.
  • the latter are wound in a helix over most of the height of the casing 12. More precisely, the helices formed by the tubes 22 are distributed in successive layers in the annular space formed between the outer casing 12 and a central core 28, around the vertical axis of the exchanger.
  • devices for holding the tubes in their helically wound part are distributed regularly around the vertical axis of the exchanger, at least every eighth of a turn.
  • These holding devices are designated by the general reference 24 on the encircled and enlarged part of FIG. 1.
  • the holding devices 24 consist of separate pieces for each of the layers of tubes, the pieces of two adjacent layers being interconnected by means which will be described later.
  • the devices 24 are suspended from radial beams 26 placed above the helical part of the tubes, these beams 26 being themselves fixed to the central core 28 of the 'exchanger.
  • each of the devices 24 comprises, for each of the layers of tubes 18, and 18 2 , a support plate 30, and 30 2 respectively, of rectangular section, arranged vertically. Rows of perforations 32 whose internal diameter is slightly greater than the external diameter of the tubes 18, 18 2 are produced at regular intervals in the support plates 30 1 3D 2 .
  • the tubes 18 ,, 18 2 of the same layer pass through the successive perforations 32 ,, 32 2 of the corresponding plate 30 ,, 302, so that the spacing between these perforations corresponds to the spacing between the turns successive of the same layer of tubes.
  • the perforations 32 ,, 32 z are of slightly frustoconical shape and a deformable retaining sleeve 34 having a frustoconical outer surface complementary to the interior surface of the perforations is placed around the tubes 18 ,, 18 2 , in each of these perforations.
  • the inner face of each of the sockets 34 of cylindrical shape, has a diameter approximately equal to the outside diameter of the tubes. Different embodiments of the sockets 34 will be described later with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4D.
  • the perforations 32 ,, 32 2 , etc ... formed in the support plates 30 ,, 302, etc ... are open radially towards the inside of these plates. More specifically, the openings 32 ,, 322 open onto the internal face of the corresponding support plate 30 ,, 30 2 by a longitudinal opening 31 ,, 312 whose width is between the external diameter of the tubes 18 ,, 18 2 and the minimum internal diameter of the perforations 32 ,, 322.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to simplify the mounting of the tubes 18 in the support plates since each of the plates can be placed directly on the tubes wound in a helix, through the openings 31 1 , 31 2 .
  • the support devices 24 must ensure transverse holding of the turns, that is to say prevent any movement of the latter in a transverse direction zz 'orthogonal to the vertical axis xx' of the exchanger and in a radial direction yy ′ with respect thereto and passing through the support device considered.
  • a relative displacement between the turns of the successive layers must be authorized to take account of a possible differential expansion between these layers. It is therefore necessary to connect the support plates 30, 30 2 associated with successive layers of tubes by connecting pieces of a particular type.
  • FIG. 2 represents a first possible embodiment of these connecting pieces.
  • the connecting pieces are constituted by pins 38, 38 2 , respectively secured to the plates 30, and 30 2 , and which project radially from the external faces of these plates.
  • the pins 38, of the plate 30, enter holes 402 formed at the same level on the internal face of the adjacent support plate 302.
  • the connection between the other adjacent plates of the devices 24 is carried out in a similar manner.
  • the width of the holes 40 in the transverse direction zz ' is practically equal to the diameter of the pins 38, 38 2 , so that any relative displacement between the layers in this transverse direction is prevented.
  • a certain clearance is preferably provided in a direction parallel to the vertical axis of the exchanger.
  • the holes 40 ,, 402 can be either oblong holes - ( Figure 2), or grooves oriented in this direction. It is clear that this structure allows a certain differential expansion between the different layers formed by the tubes.
  • the tubes 182 are put in place.
  • the support plates 30 z are then placed by moving them radially towards the axis xx 'so as to introduce each tube 182 into a perforation 322 through the opening 31 2 of the latter.
  • the connection between the successive layers is carried out simultaneously thanks to the penetration of the pins 38, into the holes 40 2 .
  • the screwing of the tubes is thus avoided.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown on the contrary a support device whose support plates 30 ,, 30 2 , 30 3 are connected from one layer to the other by movable connecting pieces between a position retracted allowing the mounting and a holding position ensuring the desired connection between the plates of the adjacent layers when the mounting is completed.
  • the connecting pieces 1382, 138 3 have the form of coils, the central part 138a of rectangular section of which is slidably received in a horizontal groove 142 2 , 142 3 , formed on the internal face of the corresponding plate 30 2 , 30 3 .
  • the ends 138b of the parts 138 2 , 138 3 have the form of discs and are in contact with each of the lateral faces of the support plates.
  • the mounting of the different parts can be done as described above, if the radial openings 31 1 , 312 of the perforations 32 ,, 32 2 are oriented towards the axis xx '.
  • an assembly is formed consisting of a layer of tubes on which the plates 30 2 , 30 3 are fitted, in which the connecting pieces 1382, 138 3 are housed. This assembly is then threaded parallel to the vertical axis xx 'of the exchanger on the previous layer 18, previously assembled.
  • the connecting pieces 138 2 , 1383 are then pushed into a second position shown in FIG. 3, in which the central part 138a is distant from the bottom of the groove 142 2 , 1423, the end discs 138b then coming to cover the faces side plates 30, 30 z of the previous layer.
  • This movement of the parts 1382 1383 is controlled by rods such as 1442 oriented radially and housed in a sliding manner in the plates 30 2 , 30,.
  • Each of the rods 144 2 is supported by one of its ends on the central part 138a of one of the parts 138 2 , 138 3 .
  • the length of each rod 144 2 is such that its other end is flush with the external face of the plate 302 which supports it when the part 138 2 occupies the holding position shown in FIG. 3. In this way, the positioning of the plates 30, from the next layer has the effect of locking the parts 1382, housed in the plates 302 in their holding position.
  • This structure is repeated at each of the layers of tubes and therefore ensures the desired
  • the parts 1382, 1383 in the form of coils lock each of the layers with respect to the previous layer in the transverse direction zz 'defined above, at the corresponding device 24.
  • a differential expansion between the different layers of the tubes is still possible.
  • FIGS. 4A to 4D various alternative embodiments of the holding sockets 34 are shown, which are placed around the tubes 18, in each of the perforations 32 of the plates 30.
  • the holding sleeve 34 is formed by two half-shells 34a and 34b each having, in section, substantially the shape of a semicircle.
  • the variant of FIG. 4D represents a socket constituted by a single shell 34c, open at 39 over its entire length and having a C-shaped section.
  • the opening 39 formed in the shell 34c has a width slightly greater than the outer diameter of the tube, which allows the socket to be fitted laterally onto the tube.
  • the deformable nature of the sockets is obtained by the fact that they consist of at least one shell having an open section.
  • FIG. 4A an alternative embodiment corresponding to that which has been described above with reference to FIG. 2 has been shown.
  • the crimping tongues 36 are only formed on the less thick part of the sockets which makes protrusion out of the perforations of the retaining plates.
  • the notches 37 which separate the crimping tongues 36 extend over a large part of the length of the socket 34, which gives it more flexibility and consequently improves the clamping between the tubes and the support plates.
  • the sleeve shown in FIG. 4D can also be split over a large part of its length in accordance with this variant.
  • each of the half-shells comprises at least one tab 33 on one of its edges adjacent to the another half-shell and at least one notch 35 on the opposite edge.
  • the tongues 33 and the notches 35 are further arranged so that the tongue of a half-shell fits into the notch of the other half-shell, and vice versa.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates by way of nonlimiting example a possible combination of the different variants described above.
  • the sockets 34 which are introduced into each of the perforations 32 around the tubes 18 are produced in the form of a single shell 34c as illustrated in FIG. 4D.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the mobile connecting parts described above with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the coil-shaped parts are replaced by retractable pins 238 which slide radially along their axis in a hole of the same diameter formed on the internal face of the plate 30, between a retracted mounting position and a holding position.
  • the pin 238 projects beyond the internal face of the plate 30 into a corresponding hole 240 formed on the external face of the adjacent plate 30.
  • This hole 240 can be made in the form of an oblong hole or a groove, in the same way as the hole 40 in the embodiment of Figure 2.
  • push rods 244 oriented radially, slide in the plates 30 and bear against the pins 238, so as to push them and keep them in their holding position when the plates 30 of the next layer are put in place.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B another possible embodiment of the invention has been shown, which can be combined with all the variants described above, and which is essentially distinguished from these by the fact that the open perforations 132 which are formed in the plate 30 are cylindrical in shape.
  • This configuration obviously has the advantage of simplifying the manufacture of the plates 30.
  • it requires, as the figures illustrate, to have around the tubes 18, in each of these perforations 132, an internal sleeve 24 and an external sleeve 124 arranged coaxially and in opposite directions inside the perforations.
  • the internal sleeve 24 is produced completely identical to the sockets 24 described above. Its essential characteristic is that its internal surface is cylindrical while its external surface is slightly frustoconical.
  • the external sleeve 124 is produced in turn in a complementary manner, that is to say that its internal surface is frustoconical and complementary to the external surface of the sleeve 24, while its external surface is cylindrical and has a diameter equal to the internal diameter of the perforations 132.
  • each of the sockets 24 and 124 are inserted in the opposite direction into each of the perforations 132 and they are therefore crimped on the opposite lateral faces of the plates 30. This secures the tubes in the plates. improved.
  • each of the sockets 24 and 124 can be produced according to any of the variants described above with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4D.
EP19860400497 1985-03-14 1986-03-10 Wärmetauscher mit schraubenförmigen Rohren mit Haltevorrichtungen Expired EP0197812B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8503756A FR2578967B1 (fr) 1985-03-14 1985-03-14 Echangeur de chaleur a tubes helicoidaux muni de dispositifs perfectionnes de supportage des tubes
FR8503756 1985-03-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0197812A1 true EP0197812A1 (de) 1986-10-15
EP0197812B1 EP0197812B1 (de) 1989-01-11

Family

ID=9317184

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860400497 Expired EP0197812B1 (de) 1985-03-14 1986-03-10 Wärmetauscher mit schraubenförmigen Rohren mit Haltevorrichtungen

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0197812B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS61213496A (de)
DE (1) DE3661777D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2578967B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2456628A (en) * 2008-01-19 2009-07-22 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Apparatus and method for the heat treatment of integral rotors of gas turbines
CN106767105A (zh) * 2017-01-19 2017-05-31 清华大学天津高端装备研究院 一种大盘管换热器换热管的支撑系统
US20200263937A1 (en) * 2019-02-20 2020-08-20 Caterpillar Inc. Bumper clip for tube type heat exchangers

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8695688B2 (en) * 2007-07-18 2014-04-15 Babcock & Wilcox Canada Ltd. Nubbed U-bend tube support
JP5676894B2 (ja) * 2010-03-17 2015-02-25 日本発條株式会社 金属プレートと伝熱管との固定構造

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2980404A (en) * 1957-11-07 1961-04-18 Union Carbide Corp Heat exchange device
CH491313A (de) * 1968-01-23 1970-05-31 Sulzer Ag Wärmeübertrager
AT323210B (de) * 1973-08-06 1975-06-25 Waagner Biro Ag Halterung für gekrümmte rohre
DE2601645A1 (de) * 1975-01-20 1976-07-22 Gen Atomic Co Waermetauscher
US4305453A (en) * 1979-11-19 1981-12-15 Rockwell International Corporation Slide guide for tube-type heat exchanger

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6021873B2 (ja) * 1976-06-15 1985-05-29 凸版印刷株式会社 印刷物の製造方法
JPS5525708A (en) * 1978-08-11 1980-02-23 Babcock Hitachi Kk Contact wear preventing method for heating pipe and tube plate
JPS5993193A (ja) * 1982-11-18 1984-05-29 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 高温熱交換器

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2980404A (en) * 1957-11-07 1961-04-18 Union Carbide Corp Heat exchange device
CH491313A (de) * 1968-01-23 1970-05-31 Sulzer Ag Wärmeübertrager
AT323210B (de) * 1973-08-06 1975-06-25 Waagner Biro Ag Halterung für gekrümmte rohre
DE2601645A1 (de) * 1975-01-20 1976-07-22 Gen Atomic Co Waermetauscher
US4305453A (en) * 1979-11-19 1981-12-15 Rockwell International Corporation Slide guide for tube-type heat exchanger

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2456628A (en) * 2008-01-19 2009-07-22 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Apparatus and method for the heat treatment of integral rotors of gas turbines
GB2456628B (en) * 2008-01-19 2013-02-27 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Apparatus and method for the heat treatment of integral rotors of gas turbines
CN106767105A (zh) * 2017-01-19 2017-05-31 清华大学天津高端装备研究院 一种大盘管换热器换热管的支撑系统
US20200263937A1 (en) * 2019-02-20 2020-08-20 Caterpillar Inc. Bumper clip for tube type heat exchangers
US11047631B2 (en) * 2019-02-20 2021-06-29 Caterpillar Inc. Bumper clip for tube type heat exchangers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3661777D1 (en) 1989-02-16
JPS61213496A (ja) 1986-09-22
FR2578967B1 (fr) 1989-07-07
FR2578967A1 (fr) 1986-09-19
EP0197812B1 (de) 1989-01-11

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