EP0194550A2 - Securing clamp and fastening device for railway rails - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention describes a clamp for rails that is produced from resilient steel bar with multiple bends. The first section (11) of the rail clamp (9, 10) is essentially horizontally arranged, while the last section (14) rests on the rail flange (5). The second section (12) curves upwards in the vertical plane that passes through the first section (11). The remaining sections of the clamp lie all on the side of the first section that faces the rail. The fastening arrangement comprises an anchoring part (20) where the supporting surface (23) for a supporting section of the clamp (9, 10) is located essentially vertically above the locating hole (24) of the clamp (9, 10). That produces a relatively short clamp requiring a minimum of material.

Description

The invention relates to a mounting bracket, an anchoring element and a mounting arrangement for railroad tracks.

From AT-PS 298 542 a fastening arrangement for railroad tracks is known with a clamp made of elastic steel rod, which is bent in five sections. The first section of the clamp is inserted with its end into a bore of an anchoring part of the fastening arrangement and loops in relatively wide , Large angles in the horizontal arcs around the receiving part of the anchoring part. Finally, the end of the bar is parallel to the beginning of the bar. The third section of the bracket is supported on a substantially horizontal support surface on the receiving part, which is arranged on the side of the bore facing away from the rail, while the fifth and last section, which has a flattened portion, rests on the top of the rail foot However, the arrangement has the disadvantage that it can also be driven into the receiving part in the wrong way, that is to say in such a way that the undersides of the fifth and third sections are interchanged. As a result, the lowering force of the clip can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, the known clip is relatively long, so that there is a considerable need for material

From DE-OS 2 ₄ 6 _{1 1} 85 a mounting bracket for a mounting arrangement for railroad tracks is known in which the bracket is made of a longer rod than in the arrangement described above. The material consumption for the clip is very high.

Finally, from DE-PS 26 49 527 a fastening arrangement with a clip is known in which the length of the individual sections of the clip has been shortened in order to reduce the material consumption. When viewed from above, this bracket looks similar to the letter "e" or its mirror image. However, since the receiving part of the anchoring part of this known arrangement is on the same side, the possibility of incorrectly driving in the clip cannot be completely ruled out. The material consumption for this bracket is still relatively high.

The AT-PS 298 5 ₄ 2, DE-OS 24 61 158 and DE-PS 26 49 527 relate to an anchoring element for relevant fastening arrangements. It has an upper receiving part, with a receiving bore for the fastening chamber running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail and with an essentially horizontal support surface which is located on a supporting part which extends on the side facing away from the rail. The underside of the receiving part extends vertically downwards an anchoring part, which is equipped with undulating surfaces for the purpose of preventing the anchoring element from being easily pulled out of the concrete sleeper. In addition, the pressure force acting on the horizontal support surface is comparatively high. Attempts are therefore being made to absorb the support moment which acts on the anchoring element via the support surface by means of a particularly firm design of the support part which rests on the threshold surface. This bending moment, however, cannot be fully compensated for in its effectiveness, so that, especially when the rail pushes through when a train passes, a loosening of the anchor in the concrete can be observed.At the same time, the additional support of the clamp in the receiving bore acts on the Receiving part effective torque substantially perpendicular to the axial direction, which is also effective in the vertical plane running through the holding portion of the clip according to the inclination of the second portion of the clip. This second, oblique section is also struck when the clamp is driven in, as a result of which additional considerable axial forces act which can loosen the anchoring in the axial direction. When driving in, the oblique second section of the clamp and the resistance of the support arch of the clamp on the support surface also trigger a torque which is effective around the vertical axis of the anchoring part. Apart from the relatively wide underside of the support part and an anchoring part with a corrugated surface which is drawn in the transverse direction, these known anchoring elements have no precautions which would counteract loosening or even pulling the anchor out of the concrete sleeper by the forces shown above.

An anchoring element is also known from EP-A-0 050 048, the upper receiving part of which is essentially identical to the receiving part of the above-described anchoring elements. Torque relationships as with the anchoring elements described above. However, in order to counteract a rotation about the vertical axis in this anchoring element, walls are arranged beneath the receiving part in the longitudinal direction of the rail. In addition, to prevent the anchoring element from being pulled out vertically, triangular projections are arranged at the lower end of the anchoring part, the upper side of which is essentially aligned horizontally, as a result of which they act Projections as hooks and increase the pull-out resistance of the anchoring part accordingly. However, special measures to reduce the forces acting on the receiving part are not provided in this known anchoring element. No measures have been taken to better absorb axial thrust forces. Finally, this known anchoring element only allows the use of relatively long fastening clips, which does not take into account the desired material savings.

The object of the invention is to provide a fastening clip, an anchoring element and a fastening arrangement for railroad tracks which are material-saving, have good hold-down properties and are simple and safe in construction, function and assembly.

This object is achieved on the one hand in a fastening clip of the type mentioned in that the second section is bent upwards in a vertical plane running through the first section, and all other sections of the clip lie on the side of the first section facing the rail.

In the case of the clip according to the invention, no section lies even partially on the side of the first clip section (holding section) facing away from the rail, so that this clip shape makes it the shortest clip Genus could be created. This enables significant material savings to be achieved, which in turn leads to a significant increase in the economy of this product.

In a first embodiment according to the invention, the fastening clip has four successive sections which merge into one another or have such a spatial orientation that the clip shows the Greek letter "n" in plan view and an "e" shaped loop or its mirror image in side view The second section forms an arc which encloses an angle of at least 180 ° and the end of which shows a substantially same horizontal direction as the beginning of the first section. The third or penultimate section again has an arcuate configuration and runs obliquely sloping down. The end of this section has essentially the same direction as the end of the first section, an arc of at least 180 ° being enclosed by this arcuate section. The fourth or last section of the clip is essentially rectilinear, but curved in a very large, upwardly open arc. This last section extends to the horizontal or horizontal sections passing through the first section. Vertical planes at an acute angle. This particular arcuate design of the clip according to the invention ensures that the torsion spring arm of the clip brings a high clamping force (approx. 11 kp) with a sufficiently large spring travel (approx. 10 mm) despite the minimal use of material. The clip can therefore be used with at least as good an effect as the previously used mounting clips.

According to a further embodiment according to the invention, the flattening provided on the last section of the clip has a relatively short length. The flattening is crowned in a vertical plane perpendicular and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail. This results in an optimal contact surface that is independent of the rail foot.

It is particularly advantageous that the two ends of the clip according to the invention project beyond the arcuate sections, as seen in the horizontal direction. So the clip is a kind of torsion spring. Accordingly, it also has their positive properties. So it has a high clamping force with a minimal length and allows a relatively large spring travel. In addition, the relatively elongated initial or End sections a good bracket or a good power transmission.

In a further embodiment variant, the fastening clip according to the invention can consist of five sections. The fifth additional section is provided between the second and third sections and extends substantially in the same vertical plane as the first and second sections of the bracket. In this case, it forms an arc, the first part of which slopes towards the first section and the second part of which rises in comparison to the latter and merges into the penultimate section. The beginning and end of this clip are - seen in the longitudinal direction - within the arc sections of the clip. With this design of the clamp, different support conditions can be achieved than with the first form of training. This second constructive variant of the clamp also has some of the advantages shown above for the first embodiment. Large material savings are possible due to the fact that all sections are on the rail foot side. In addition, this clamp - viewed in the transverse direction to the rail course - takes up a much smaller space than the conventional clamps, which have a much more complicated shape.

The above object is further achieved by a mounting arrangement for railroad tracks in that the support surface of the receiving part is arranged substantially vertically above the bore, and that the mounting bracket is a bracket according to claims 1 to 9, which extends over a in the Verikalebene the first section is supported on the support surface. The clip already described is then supported on a support surface via the clip section lying in the vertical plane above the first section. This support surface is arranged essentially vertically above the bore receiving the first section of the clamp on the receiving part. The clip is therefore supported according to the invention on a support surface which is arranged substantially vertically above the bore on the top of the receiving part of the anchoring part. This mutually adapted design of the clip and anchoring part makes it possible to design the arrangement, in particular the clip, in a particularly material-saving manner. By arranging the support surface directly above the bore and not laterally on the side of the bore facing away from the rail, as in the known clamps, it was namely possible to design the clamp in the optimum brevity according to the invention.

The vertical arrangement of the holding section (1st section) and support arch (2nd section) allows the clamp to be installed much more easily. Because the fitter knows that the second section must always point upwards when the clamp is inserted. A mechanical driving in is just as cheap to carry out by raising the second section as manual driving (with a hammer) by the fitter. In addition, the simple insertion of the clamp allows the correct insertion direction to be recognized immediately, since the second section always points in the direction of the rail when the second section is oriented vertically upward. This ensures that the clip is always driven in the correct direction of insertion. If the fitter has inserted the holding section of the clip into the wrong end of the hole in the receiving part due to carelessness, he will immediately recognize this error by the fact that the clip is loose because it is not supported on the side.

According to the invention, the support surface can be arranged in a wide variety of ways on the upper side of the receiving part. Thus the flat, essentially horizontal upper surface of the receiving part can serve as a support surface. However, this support option only exists when the clip is used in the second embodiment, namely the clip with five sections. Here the third section, that is the section curved downward after the vertical second section, resiliently rests with its lowest point on the flat support surface.

An even better and safer support when using the clamp with five sections is achieved in that the upper surface of the upper part is provided with two ribs each aligned in the longitudinal direction of the rail. These ribs form a channel-shaped channel between them, in which the support arch of the clip engages. The side walls of the ribs ensure lateral guidance or lateral support of the clip. There is no need to fear that the clip may not be tilted in a perfectly aligned manner direction and thus insufficient support with corresponding negative consequences can occur. It may also be sufficient if there is only a single lateral rib, on the side of the clip facing away from the rail.

In a further embodiment, the described lateral rib on the upper side of the receiving part can be designed to be substantially elevated in the vertical direction, as a result of which a nose or The strip-like design results in a particular advantage if the vertical, lateral support surface of the strip extends in a plane tangent to the holding hole.This enables the clamp to be supported on the support surface by means of the second, upwardly curved section when driving in the clip is thus optimally aligned with the clip

In the case of the clip according to the invention with four sections, the design of the receiving part with a vertical support surface on the strip-shaped elevation is particularly advantageous, since the vertical support surface of the bar fully absorbs the supporting forces of the clip.An additional support on a horizontal surface of the receiving part is therefore no longer necessary. This makes it possible to save a fifth section, namely a vertically effective support section.

The strip-shaped, vertical support part advantageously extends only in the first half of the receiving part, namely on its insertion side. The height of the support part is essentially coordinated with the height of the clamp in the assembled state of the arrangement. The support part projects above the highest point of the clamp not in the assembled state of the arrangement This means that no additional space is required for the support part

A particular advantage can be achieved in that the holding hole on the insertion side is open at the top of the width of this hole. The vertical support surface of the support part thus merges into the insertion channel formed thereby. It is convenient if the insertion groove about ₁ / accounts 3 of the length of the receiving part Thus, the second portion of the clip, namely the support arch portion of the receiving part so far into the interior, that the clip on the end face of the insertion side of the receiving part not protruding This results in a particularly compact form of the fastening arrangement. In addition, the brace is supported essentially over the entire support arch on the vertical support surface. Optimal support conditions are thus guaranteed.

In order to enable the clip to be driven in particularly easily, the support bar has an insertion slope on the insertion side, so that the full support forces do not have to be overcome during the entire insertion process, but preferably only on the last third of the support part catches.

In order to make it easy to insert the holding section of the clamp into the had bore of the receiving part, these two parts have so far been made with a relatively large amount of play to one another This part worked into the hole, which counteracted axial displacement and thus slipping of the clip out of its holder. However, this design is not an absolutely safe measure. According to the invention, considerable play is also provided between the holding section and the holding bore. However, the holding section has a length such that its assembled start protrudes from the end face of the receiving part. This allows the holding section to wedge at its end to the end of the bore, thereby achieving an effect similar to that described above. In order to secure the clip absolutely securely against slipping out of the had bore, a recess is further provided according to the invention on the vertically downward-facing side of the adhesive portion of the clip, whereby the protruding end of the clip is a hook or. has grid-shaped training. When the clip is hammered in, the tensioned state of the holding section is raised in such a way that this catch engages behind the corresponding end face of the receiving part. This snap-in of the clip on the receiving part prevents the clip from being released unintentionally. The arrangement according to the invention is therefore advantageous both in terms of assembly and in terms of its functionality.

Finally, it is possible to pre-assemble the clip on the threshold, e.g. in the sleeper manufacturing plant. The bracket is rotated 1801 relative to the mounting position so that it is outside the rail area.

According to a development of the fastening arrangement according to the invention, the lower part of the anchoring part can be an anchor, known per se, projecting essentially vertically downwards for fastening in concrete sleepers. According to the invention, however, the lower part can also be a base plate which has bores for fastening by means of screws or similar components on wooden, concrete or steel sleepers. Two opposing receiving parts are provided on the top of the plate. The receiving parts are offset so that the fastening clips inserted into them are supported essentially centrally with respect to the base plate on both sides of the rail foot. The two receiving parts can also be arranged coaxially on the plate. This gives the advantage of a narrower plate

Finally, the invention relates to a corresponding anchoring element. Accordingly, this anchoring element according to the invention has an upper receiving part with a receiving bore aligned in the longitudinal direction of the rail and a support surface for a fastening clip. A vertically downwardly anchoring part is provided on the underside thereof, triangular projections are provided on its lower end and walls in connection with the receiving part are provided on its upper end. It is characteristic that the support surface of the receiving part is arranged essentially vertically above the receiving bore. This creates a completely new situation with regard to the introduction of forces and the resulting stresses. It is also essential that the support surface of the receiving part is arranged substantially vertically above the receiving bore, that the triangular projection at the lower end of the anchoring part forms an essentially isosceles triangular foot part, which in cross section also essentially has the shape of a narrow rectangle, which like that of the remaining anchoring part is oriented, and the base of which forms the lower surface of the anchoring part, while its two legs run at an acute angle into the narrow sides of the anchoring part, so that the broad sides of the foot part are aligned parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail. This very large foot part in the manner of a wing serves at the same time to decisively increase the twisting and pull-out resistance of the anchoring according to the invention element. Consequently, in the anchoring element according to the invention, only a single component is provided for the purposes mentioned, while in the prior art two different elements (triangular projections and upper axial wings) are required. Finally, according to the invention, the vertical walls provided on the underside of the upper receiving part in connection with the anchor part are arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail, as a result of which they are fully effective against the forces which occur when a train passes through.

According to a development of the concept of the invention, the walls effective to move the anchoring element in the longitudinal direction of the rail can have a simple rectangular configuration. However, they can also have the shape of an isosceles triangle, which points with its tip down.

In order to prevent the anchoring part from twisting or pulling out of the concrete sleeper even better, instead of just a triangular projection pointing in the longitudinal direction of the rail, a similarly designed projection in the transverse direction can also be provided. Furthermore, the anchoring part can additionally have openings and / or undulating surfaces.

Another preferred anchoring element with an upper receiving part for a clip and an anchoring part for fastening in a threshold is that the anchoring part has the shape of a wedge in cross section to its longitudinal axis, the elements of which each have an approximately rectangular widening, the lower end of which upper limit runs approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the anchoring part. This design of the anchoring part has proven particularly useful in the case of concrete sleepers, because even with large pull-out forces, a secure hold is guaranteed without the concrete tearing in the sleepers

It is very advantageous that the receiving part allows the use of a fastening clip that has a relatively short length, that is to say saves a considerable amount of material. This clip is also designed such that, when installed, the second section of the clip extends vertically upwards. This section is followed by only two further sections leading back in the curve and onto the rail foot. The second vertical clamp section serves as a support section, with which the clamp is supported on the vertical support surface of the receiving part of the anchoring element. The support surface is part of a strip-like support part of the receiving part, which in an advantageous embodiment has approximately half the length of the receiving part and is arranged on the insertion side for the clamp. It is also advantageous if the support part in the assembled state does not substantially match the height of the clamp protrudes Special structural advantages can be achieved if the receiving part on the insertion side is open up to the width of the receiving bore, most advantageously over a length of approximately 1/3 of the supporting part. In this way, an upwardly open channel is formed, into which the support surface runs tangentially. It is particularly advantageous that the second section of the clip is essentially completely pushed into the area of the receiving part in the insertion direction.

The support part has a bevel pointing in the direction of insertion to facilitate the insertion of the clip. This lead-in chamfer can take up about 2/3 of the length of the support part.

The special design of the receiving part and the interaction with the four-section bracket with the receiving part results in a favorable force situation, in which the forces are dissipated well into the substructure, without loosening of the anchoring element, which is also due to the special training of the anchoring part is counteracted.

The subject matter of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawing.

• Fig. 1 bis 5 zwei Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungsklammer, und zwar
• Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht der Klammer in erster Ausführungsform,
• Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht der Klammer nach Fig. 1, quer zur Längsrichtung der Schienen gesehen,
• Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht der Klammer nach Fig. 1,
• Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht der Klammer in Längsrichtung der Schiene in zweiter Ausführungsform,
• Fig. 5 die Klammer nach Fig. 4 in Seitenansicht quer zur Längsrichtung der Schienen,
• Fig. 6 bis 11 die erfindungsgemäße Befestigungsanordnung in drei unterschiedlichen Ausführungsformen, wobei jeweils nur das Zusammenwirken (Abstützen) der Befestigungsklammer mit dem Aufnahmeteil eines in Betonschwellen einbringbaren Verankerungsteils gezeigt wird, und zwar
• Fig. 6 eine Ansicht in Schienen-Längsrichtung einer Klammer mit fünf Abschnitten zusammen mit einem Aufnahmeteil mit flacher, horizontaler Abstützfläche,
• Fig. 7 eine Ansicht quer zur Schienen-Längsrichtung auf die Anordnung nach Fig. 6,
• Fig. 8 eine Ansicht in Schienen-Längsrichtung einer Klammer mit fünf Abschnitten und einem Aufnahmeteil mit Abstützrinne,
• Fig. 9 eine Ansicht quer zur Schienen-Längsrichtung auf die Anordnung nach Fig. 8,
• Fig. 10 eine Ansicht in Schienen-Längsrichtung einer Klammer mit vier Abschnitten im Zusammenwirken mit einem Aufnahmeteil mit vertikaler Abstützfläche,
• Fig. 11 eine Ansicht quer zur Schienen-Längsrichtung der Klammer und des Aufnahmeteils gemäß Fig. 10,
• Fig. 12 bis 14 die erfindungsgemäße Befestigungsanordnung mit Schiene, Verankerungsteilen für Betonschwellen und Klammem, und zwar
• Fig. 12 eine Ansicht der Anordnung quer zur Schienen- Längsrichtung,
• Fig. 13 einen teilweisen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung,
• Fig. 14 eine Draufsicht auf die Anordnung,
• Fig. 15 bis 17 eine Unterlagsplatte mit zwei Aufnahmeteilen, und zwar
• Fig. 15 eine Ansicht in Schienen-Längsrichtung auf die Unterlagsplatte,
• Fig. 16 einen Schnitt durch die Unterlagsplatte nach der Linie XVI-XVI aus Fig. 15, und
• Fig. 17 eine Draufsicht auf die Unterlagsplatte nach Fig. 15,
• Fig. 18 eine Ansicht in Schienenlängsrichtung auf ein erfindungsgemäßes Verankerungselement,
• Fig. 19 eine Ansicht auf ein Verankerungselement gemaß Fig. 18 quer zur Schienenlängsrichtung,
• Fig. 20 eine Draufsicht auf ein Verankerungselement gemäß Fig. 18,
• Fig. 21 eine schematische Darstellung der über die Befestigungsklammer auf das Verankerungselement und die Schiene wirksam werdenden Kräfte,
• Fig. 22 eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Verankerungselements für eine Klammer in einer Schwelle, und
• Fig. 23 eine Unteransicht auf den Verankerungsteil dieses Verankerungselement

It shows:

• 1 to 5 two embodiments of the mounting bracket according to the invention, namely
• 1 is a side view of the clip in the first embodiment,
• 2 is a side view of the clip of FIG. 1, seen transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rails,
• 3 is a top view of the clip of FIG. 1;
• 4 is a side view of the clip in the longitudinal direction of the rail in the second embodiment,
• 5 shows the clip according to FIG. 4 in a side view transverse to the longitudinal direction of the rails,
• 6 to 11 show the fastening arrangement according to the invention in three different embodiments, only the interaction (support) of the fastening clip with the receiving part of an anchoring part which can be inserted in concrete sleepers being shown
• 6 is a view in the longitudinal direction of the rail of a clamp with five sections together with a receiving part with a flat, horizontal support surface,
• 7 is a view transverse to the longitudinal direction of the rail on the arrangement of FIG. 6,
• 8 is a view in the longitudinal direction of the rail of a clamp with five sections and a receiving part with a support groove,
• 9 is a view transverse to the longitudinal direction of the rail on the arrangement of FIG. 8,
• 10 is a view in the longitudinal direction of the rail of a clip with four sections in cooperation with a receiving part with a vertical support surface,
• 11 is a view transverse to the longitudinal direction of the rail of the bracket and the receiving part of FIG. 10,
• Fig. 12 to 14, the fastening arrangement according to the invention with rail, anchoring parts for concrete sleepers and clamps, namely
• 12 is a view of the arrangement transverse to the longitudinal direction of the rails,
• 13 is a partial cross section through the arrangement,
• 14 is a plan view of the arrangement,
• 15 to 17 a base plate with two receiving parts, namely
• 15 is a view in the longitudinal direction of the rail on the base plate,
• 16 shows a section through the base plate along the line XVI-XVI from FIG. 15, and
• 17 is a plan view of the base plate according to FIG. 15,
• 18 is a view in the longitudinal direction of the rail on an anchoring element according to the invention,
• 19 shows a view of an anchoring element according to FIG. 18 transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail,
• 20 shows a plan view of an anchoring element according to FIG. 18,
• 21 shows a schematic illustration of the forces acting on the anchoring element and the rail via the fastening clip,
• 22 shows a further embodiment of an anchoring element for a clamp in a threshold, and
• 23 is a bottom view of the anchoring part of this anchoring element

1 to 3, the first embodiment of the fastening clip, which is designated overall by 10, can be seen. The clip consists of a multi-curved rod made of suitable steel and can be divided into four sections. The orientation of the individual sections of the clamp is described below on the basis of the installation position of the clamp. The first section 11 of the clamp 10 then runs essentially horizontally and has an initial surface A perpendicular to the rod axis. The first section 11 merges into a second section 12 which is bent up and then back in a substantially vertical plane passing through the first section 11, so that the end of the second section 12 is substantially in the same direction as that Beginning A of bracket 10 shows the second section 12 merges into an arcuate third section ₁ 3, which slopes downward inclined towards both the vertical and horizontal planes. Finally, a fourth and last section 14 follows, softer with respect to the third section 13 runs obliquely downwards and inwards and with respect to the first section 11 in the opposite direction and has a slight curvature R which is open towards the top. The end surface E of section 14 is in the same way as the initial surface A perpendicular to the rod axis, but has an inclination to the horizontal of approximately 15 °. At the end of the first section 11 facing the start A, a step-shaped recess is provided which forms a catch 16 on the underside of this section 11. At the other end E of the staple 10, a flattening ₁ 7 is formed with which the bracket 10 in still rests manner to be described on the rail this case, this flattening in the axial view of a slope to the horizontal of 14 ° and in a view transverse to the rail longitudinal axis inclination from 5 ° to.

The second variant of the fastening clip shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, which is denoted overall by 9 here, can be broken down into five sections. The additional fifth section 15 is arranged between the second section 12 and the section 13. It runs essentially in the vertical plane through the first section 11 and is designed to descend in the first half and to rise in the second half. The ends of the clamp 9, seen in the axial direction, do not exceed the arcuate sections 12, 13 of the bracket 10. In contrast to this, the ends of the bracket 10 of the first exemplary embodiment are formed so as to protrude beyond the arc sections 12 and 13

6 to 11 show the interaction and the functional adaptation according to the invention of clamp 9 or 10 and the receiving part 22 of an anchoring part 20.

In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the clip 9 is used with five sections. The clip 9 is inserted with its first section 11 into a horizontal bore 24 in the receiving part 22 of the anchoring part 20. It can be seen that the bore 24 is a larger one Has diameter than the clamp 9. In the tensioned state, the first section 11 is angularly wedged in the bore 24 such that the start A is supported on the upper surface of the bore 24, while the other end of the section 11 is supported on the lower surface of the bore 24 abuts on the upper side of the receiving part 22 there is an essentially horizontal support surface 23 on which the fifth section 15, also called the support arch, is supported with its underside. Ideally, the holding means of the first section 11 of the clamp 9 are the support point between the support surface 23 and support arch 15 and the flattened support end E approximately centrally with respect to the -in Length of the receiving part 22 seen in the longitudinal direction of the rail is arranged. Given moment relationships.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the five-part clamp 9 is inserted into a receiving part 22 which has on its top two rounded ribs 25 running in the longitudinal direction of the rail. These ribs 25 form a support channel 26 between them, the support surface of which has a larger radius when the braced in section ₁ 5 of the bracket 9. It is seen that the Abstützrinne 26 allows an even better, in particular even more accurate support also in the lateral direction as the first embodiment shown in Fig. 6 and 7

The preferred embodiment is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. Here, the receiving part 22 has a strip-shaped support part 27 with an essentially vertical support surface 23. This support surface 23 is also oriented essentially tangentially upward to the bore 2 ₄ . that the bracket 10 is supported on the support surface 23 essentially over the entire second section 12, which forms the support arch here. The support forces run essentially horizontally into the strip-shaped support part 27. Furthermore, it can be seen in particular from FIG. 11 that the bore 24 is essentially open over its entire width on the first third from the insertion side upward. As a result, the support surface 23 is extended into the interior of the holding bore 24. The support part 27 has a length of max. half of the length of the receiving part 22, while its height is not the height of the clip in the inserted state The support part 27 is also beveled on at least half of its longitudinal extent towards the insertion side, so that through this inlet or. Insertion bevel 28 driving the clip 9 is made considerably easier.

From Fig. 11 it can be seen that the bracket 10 shows modified support behavior compared to the bracket 9 So the inclination of the first portion 11 to the horizontal in the bore 24 is exactly the opposite of that of the bracket 9. The support is namely in the area of the insertion side the top of the bore 24 and in the area of the outlet side on the underside of the bore 2 ₄ . In addition, the catch 16 engages around the outlet end of the bore 24, so that an axial slipping out of the section 11 of the bracket 10 from the bore 24 is not possible. The end E of the last section 14 extends beyond the insertion end of the receiving part 22. 11 also shows that the support point S of the second section 12 on the support surface 23 lies approximately midway between the lower support point at the end A and the support point at the end E of the bracket 10. As a result, an optimal load condition has also been achieved.

12 to 14, the fastening arrangement is shown in an essentially complete assembly. A railroad track 4 rests with its track foot 5 on a concrete sleeper 3. Anchoring parts 20 are arranged on both sides of the rail foot 5 and are firmly cast with their lower part 21 in the sleeper 3, while their receiving part 22 lies above the surface of the sleeper. A clamp 10 is driven into the bore of the receiving part in the manner described above. 13 shows the advantageous support of the clamp 10 on the support part 27 of the receiving part 22 of the anchoring part 20.

15, 16 and 17, a base plate 31 is shown. In plate 31, bores 29 are provided for fastening them on wooden, concrete or metal sleepers. The two receiving parts 22 are arranged offset such that the rail foot-side sections of the clamps 10 are supported essentially on both sides of the rail foot with respect to the center line of the plate 31 running transversely to the rail in the region of said center line on the rail foot.

Depending on the loads and the application, the anchoring part or the base plate can be a plastic part, a cast part or a forged part.

Finally, FIGS. ₁ to 21 relate to a particularly preferred anchoring element, which in principle consists of an upper receiving part 102 and an anchoring part 103 which extends vertically below it

The receiving part 2 has a receiving bore 104 in the longitudinal direction of the rail, into which the first section of a fastening clip 105 having four sections is inserted. On the upper side of the receiving part there is arranged a support part 106 which projects vertically upwards in the form of a strip and which has a supporting surface oriented essentially vertically and tangentially to the receiving bore 10 ₄ . The support part 106 takes up approximately half the length of the receiving part 102, is no higher than the second section of the holding clip 105 and has an inlet slope 108 on approximately 2/3 or at least half of its side facing the insertion side. As appears particularly from Figs. 1 and 2, the receiving hole is opened to approximately _1/3 of its length towards the top channel shape, so that the clip 105 can be inserted with its second portion, the so-called supporting arch, very into this region of the receiving part can.

21 shows the distribution of forces when the clamp 105 is driven in, while the manner in which the first clamp section is supported in the receiving bore 104 can be clearly seen from FIG. 18. Compared to the known fastening arrangements, the anchoring element according to the invention results in more favorable force relationships, which stress all components less. In particular, the vertical arrangement of the second section of the clamp, which is acted upon when the clamp is driven in the longitudinal direction of the rail, prevents the arrangement from rotating about the vertical axis, as is the case when the clamp is driven in with the known rail fastenings.

On the underside of the receiving part 102, two vertically downward-pointing walls 109 are provided, which start from the narrow sides of the anchoring part 103 and are oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rails. The walls 109 preferably have a triangular shape. At the lower end of the anchoring part 103 there is also a triangular foot part 110, the broad sides of which run parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail. The foot part 110 formed in this way is relatively large and has approximately the same length at its base as the receiving part. The two legs are designed to extend at an acute angle into the narrow side of the anchoring part 103.

For even better anchoring, openings or, as shown in the drawing, undulating surfaces can also be provided in the anchoring part 103.

Finally, FIGS. 22 and 23 show a further embodiment of an anchoring element according to the invention. The receiving part 202 is designed as already described several times. In contrast, the anchoring part 203 is modified. In cross-section to its longitudinal axis 200, it has the shape of a cross, as can best be seen in FIG. 23. The plate-shaped elements 204, which are arranged in a cross shape, each have a widening 210 at their lower end, which is approximately rectangular, and whose upper boundary 211 extends approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 200. This embodiment has proven particularly useful in concrete sleepers, since it remains securely anchored in the threshold concrete even with high pull-out forces without the concrete cracking.

Claims (28)

1.Fixing clip (9, 10) for railroad tracks, made of a multi-curved rod made of elastic steel - seen in the installed state - an essentially straight first section (11) which is essentially horizontal, - Several arcuate sections (12, 13) and adjoining or adjoining one another a last section (14) which runs on the side of the first section facing the rail,
characterized in that -the second section (12) is bent upwards in a vertical plane running through the first section (11), and - all other sections of the bracket (9 or 10) lie on the side of the first section (11) facing the rail (4). 2. fastening bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that the bracket (10) consists of four sections (11, 12, 13 and 14) and in plan view of the shape of an "η" and in side view of an "e" -shaped loop or the like each mirror image looks similar 3. Fastening clip according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the second section forms an arc which encloses an angle of at least 180 ° and whose end in substantially the same horizontal direction as the end (A) of the first section - (11) shows 4. Fastening clip according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the third or penultimate section (13) is an arc which extends in an oblique to the horizontal and vertical plane and encloses an angle of at least 180 ° 5. Fastening clip according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fourth or last section (14) is substantially straight, preferably only in a very large, upwardly open arc and to the horizontal through the first section (11). and vertical planes each form an acute angle 6. Mounting bracket according to claims 2 to 5, characterized in that a flattening (17) is provided on the last section (14), which is relatively short and crowned in the vertical plane perpendicular and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail. 7. Fastening clip according to claim 2, characterized in that the two ends of the clip (A, E) protrude the arc sections (12, 13) in the horizontal direction. 8. Fastening clip according to claim 1 or 2, 3, characterized in that the clip (9) consists of five sections, the fifth section (15) between the second and third sections (12 and 13) and substantially in runs in the same vertical plane as the first and second sections (11 and 12) and the fifth section forms an arc, the first part of which is sloping towards the first section and the second part of which is rising 9. Fastening clip according to claim 8, characterized in that the ends (A and E) of the clip (9) lie within the arc sections (12 and 13). ₁ 0. Fastening arrangement for railroad tracks, consisting of an anchoring part (20) with a lower part (21) for fastening to the sleeper and a receiving part (22) which has a bore (2 ₄ ) extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail and a support surface (23) pointing in the same direction, a multiply bent fastening clip (9 or 10) made of an elastic steel rod, which is inserted with its first section (11) into one end of the bore, while the last section (14) is at the top of the rail foot and an intermediate section - (12 or 15) supports on the support surface,
characterized, -that the support surface (23, 26) of the receiving part (22) is arranged substantially vertically above the bore (24), and -that the fastening clip is a clip (9 or 10) according to claims 1 to 9, which extends over a section (12 or 15) lying in the vertical plane above the first section (11) on the support surface (23, 26) supports 11. Fastening arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that when using the clip (9) according to claims 8 and 9, the support surface (23) is a substantially horizontal upper surface of the receiving part - (22) 12. Fastening arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the support surface (23) is a vertically above the bore (24) arranged support channel (26) which is delimited at least on the side facing away from the rails by a longitudinal rib (25) and its radius is greater than the radius of the rod from which the mounting bracket is made 13. Fastening arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that in particular for the use of the bracket (10) according to claims 1 to 7, the support surface (23) lies in a vertical plane which is arranged tangentially to the side of the bore facing away from the rail - (24) and that this support surface (23) is formed on a strip-like support part (27). 14. Fastening arrangement according to claims 10 and 13, characterized in that the support part (27) has substantially half the length of the receiving part (22) and is arranged on the insertion side for the fastening clip 15. Fastening arrangement according to claims 10, ₁ 3 and 14, characterized in that the support part (27) has approximately the height of the bracket ( ₁ 0) 16. Fastening arrangement according to claims 10, ₁ 3 and ₁₅ , characterized in that the receiving part - (22) on the side of the support part (27) or the insertion side in alignment with the bore (24) is open to the top, so that the second section (12) of the clamp (10), seen in the vertical plane, is inserted in the longitudinal direction into the area of the receiving part (22) essentially over its entire length. 17. Fastening arrangement according to claims 10, ₁ 3 to 16, characterized in that the supporting part (27) has an insertion bevel (28) pointing in the direction of insertion ₁ 8. Fastening arrangement according to claim 17, characterized in that the insertion slope (28) takes up about 1/3 of the length of the support part (27) 19. Fastening arrangement according to claims 10, ₁ 3 to 18, characterized in that at the end (A) of the first section (11) of the bracket (10) a hook-shaped, downward facing locking surface (16) is provided and that the diameter the bore (24) in the receiving part (22) is larger than the rod diameter Clip (10). 20. Fastening arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the lower part (21) of the anchoring part (20) is a substantially vertically downwardly projecting anchor (30) for fastening in concrete sleepers (3). 2 ₁ . Fastening arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the lower part (21) is a base plate - (3 ₁ ), the bores (29) for fastening by means of screws or the like to wood or. Has concrete or steel sleepers. 22. Fastening arrangement according to claim 21, characterized in that in each case at least two anchoring receiving parts (22) are provided on a base plate (31). 23. Anchoring element for rail fastening arrangements with elastic fastening clamps, in particular for railroad rails lying on concrete sleepers, with — viewed in the installation position — an upper receiving part (102) which has a receiving bore ( ₁ 0 ₄ ) and a support surface for a fastening clip (105) running in the longitudinal direction of the rail, and a vertically downward anchoring part - (103), which in horizontal cross-section has essentially the shape of a narrow rectangle and has triangular projections at its lower end and walls connected to the holding part at its upper end,
characterized, that the support surface (107) of the receiving part (102) is arranged substantially vertically above the receiving bore (104), -that the triangular projection at the lower end of the anchoring part (103) forms an essentially isosceles triangular foot part (110), which in cross section also has essentially the shape of a narrow rectangle, which is oriented like that of the other anchoring part, and the base of which forms the lower surface of the anchoring part, while its two legs extend at an acute angle into the narrow sides of the anchoring part (103), so that the broad sides of the foot part (110) are aligned parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail, and - That the walls (109) are arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail and starting from the narrow sides of the anchoring part (103). 24. Anchoring element according to claim 23, characterized in that the walls (109) are formed as isosceles triangles with the tip pointing downwards. 25. Anchoring element according to claim 23, characterized in that the supporting surface ( ₁ 07) of the receiving part (102) lies in a vertical plane which is tangential to the side of the receiving bore - (104) facing away from the rail, and that this supporting surface (107) is arranged on a support part (106) protruding from the surface of the receiving part (102) like a strip. 26. Anchoring element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchoring part (103) additionally has openings and / or undulating surfaces. 27. Anchoring element with an upper receiving part for a clip and an anchoring part for fastening in a threshold, characterized in that the anchoring part (203) in cross section to its longitudinal axis (200) has the shape of a cross, the elements of which are each one at the lower end have approximately rectangular widening (210), whose upper limit - (211) extends approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the anchoring part. 28. Fastening arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an anchoring element according to one of claims 23 to 26 is used.

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