EP0193837A2 - Générateur de champ magnétique pour système d'accélération de particules - Google Patents

Générateur de champ magnétique pour système d'accélération de particules Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0193837A2
EP0193837A2 EP86102393A EP86102393A EP0193837A2 EP 0193837 A2 EP0193837 A2 EP 0193837A2 EP 86102393 A EP86102393 A EP 86102393A EP 86102393 A EP86102393 A EP 86102393A EP 0193837 A2 EP0193837 A2 EP 0193837A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
quadrupole
windings
particle
particles
forming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86102393A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0193837A3 (en
EP0193837B1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Dr Jahnke
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0193837A2 publication Critical patent/EP0193837A2/fr
Publication of EP0193837A3 publication Critical patent/EP0193837A3/de
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Publication of EP0193837B1 publication Critical patent/EP0193837B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/04—Magnet systems, e.g. undulators, wigglers; Energisation thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
    • G21K1/08—Deviation, concentration or focusing of the beam by electric or magnetic means
    • G21K1/093—Deviation, concentration or focusing of the beam by electric or magnetic means by magnetic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic field generating device for a system for accelerating electrically charged particles, the particle path of which has curved and straight sections, with magnetic field generating windings, the at least one additional winding of which is provided for focusing the particles onto the particle path.
  • microtrons With known smaller, circularly shaped electron accelerator antages, which are also referred to as "microtrons", particle energies of up to approximately 100 MeV can be achieved with normally conductive magnetic field generating windings. These systems can in particular also be implemented as so-called race track microtrons. The particle trajectories of this type of accelerator systems will thus deal of two semi-circles, each with a corresponding 180 ° deflection magnets and two straight track sections together (see. "Nucl. Instr. And Meth.”, Vol. 177, 1980, pages 4 11 to 416 or vol. 204, 1982, pages 1 to 20).
  • the magnetic field can be increased with unchanged dimensions of the particle path. Such an increase can be made in particular with superconducting magnets.
  • low-energy electrons are injected into a microtron with a very low magnetic field, which also has superconducting magnet windings, a number of possible field error sources must be taken into account in order to keep the electron losses small during the acceleration phase.
  • the field level for low-energy shot electrons of, for example, 100 keV with a radius of curvature of the accelerator system of, for example, 0.5 m is only about 2.2 mT.
  • Eddy currents in metallic parts of the magnetic device or in its conductors can also lead to corresponding disturbances.
  • shielding currents in the conductors of a superconducting winding or so-called frozen magnetic fluxes in these conductors may represent such sources of interference.
  • the electron accelerator system to be removed therefore has the 180 ° deflection magnet each with a main winding producing a dipole field and an additional winding focusing the particles onto the particle path.
  • a focusing solenoid system is provided in the area of the straight track sections.
  • the normally conductive Abfenk magnets enclose the corresponding curved section of the particle path with their iron yoke for reasons of the desired field accuracy, so that the synchrotron radiation occurring there cannot be used.
  • the particles are generally only at a higher fieldn be i veau with known accelerator systems, that is injected with higher energy. Then the mentioned interference effects are only of minor or subordinate importance.
  • operating the accelerator systems in this way requires corresponding pre-accelerators and is therefore correspondingly complex.
  • the object of the present invention is to design the magnetic field generating device of a particle accelerator system mentioned at the outset such that it can be used to accelerate relatively large currents of electrically charged particles to relatively high energy levels, in the case of electrons to, for example, several 100 MeV, without any particular Pre-accelerators are required.
  • the additional winding is designed as a quadrupole triplet-forming conductor arrangement for focusing the particles during their acceleration phase, the turns of the additional winding being arranged on both sides of the plane in which the particle path lies
  • FIG. 1 indicates the particle path of a magnetic field generating device with additional windings according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 schematically shows such an additional winding in perspective.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show two cross sections through such an additional winding. In the figures, the same parts are provided with the same reference symbols.
  • the magnetic field generating device is to be provided in particular for electronically known accelerator systems of the race track type ("race track microtrons").
  • the dipole deflection magnets required for this are bent semicircularly according to the curved particle path (cf., for example, "IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.”, Vol. NS-30, No.4, August 1 983, pages 2531 to 2533). Since in particular end energies of the particles of a few 100 MeV are aimed for, the main windings of the deflection magnets are preferably created with superconducting material because of the high field strengths required.
  • quadrupole fields are to be formed with additional windings, which at the same time enable an undisturbed outlet of the synchrotron radiation.
  • additional focusing of the electron beam can advantageously be achieved during the still low-energy acceleration phase of the electrons, so that superconducting main windings of the deflection magnets can then also be used.
  • the superconducting deflection magnets can therefore also be used for fields between approximately 2 mT and 100 mT during electron acceleration.
  • the corresponding additional windings for generating the additional quadrupole fields are advantageously arranged in the region of the superconducting deflection magnets.
  • Additional windings can be created both with normally conducting and in particular with superconducting conductors. They are indicated schematically in FIG. 1 as a top view, with the superconducting main windings of the 180 0 deflection magnets being omitted for reasons of clarity.
  • the raceway-type particle track 2 shown in FIG. 1 has two curved track sections A, and A 2 , between which straight track sections A 3 and A 4 extend.
  • a conductor arrangement S or 4 is provided with a corresponding curvature of its conductor parts, each of which is a triplet of three quadrupole windings 5 to 7 or 8 to 1 which are arranged one behind the other and are electrically connected to one another, as seen in the beam guidance direction 0 are executed.
  • the two quadrupole triplets 3 and 4 form a double-telescopic beam guidance system.
  • Corresponding systems with quadrupole triplets of this type are known per se (cf., for example, "Nucl. Instr.
  • such triplets can be used to transmit a beam onto a point on the particle path both vertically as in the horizontal direction.
  • a particle stream denoted by S which is formed in the straight section A4 of the particle path by approximately parallel-flying particles, is focused by means of the quadrupole triplet 3_ as beam S 'onto a point P, which lies approximately in the middle of the axial extent of the straight section A 3 of the particle path 2.
  • this particle beam S ' which is focused on the point P and then diverges again after this point, into the particle beam S formed from parallel-flying particles transferred in the straight section A 4 of the particle path.
  • Such a system with a point-to-parallel and parallel The point-to-point illustration is referred to as double-telescopic.
  • the current flow directions to be set for this purpose in the windings of the quadrupole coils 5 to 7 and 8 to 10 shown in the top view in FIG. 1 are indicated by individual arrowed lines on the windings lying above the particle path illustrated.
  • FIG. 2 a conductor arrangement for generating superimposed quadrupole fields, which form a triplet, is shown in perspective.
  • This quadrupole triplet is, for example, the triplet 4 according to FIG. 1.
  • the magnetic quadrupole fields of the triplet are generated by two current conductors 12 to 1 3, which are each arranged in parallel planes on one side with respect to the plane in which the particle path 2 lies.
  • the lateral radiation of synchrotron light occurring at higher energies which is to be illustrated by arrowed, dash-dotted lines 11, is not impeded.
  • the triplet consists of three quadrupoles and two drift sections, the lengths lq and I d of which are in the ratio I q : I d : I q : I d : Iq as 0.125 :: 0.25: 0.25: 0.25: 0.125 .
  • the field strength of the quadrupole fields should be significantly higher than that of the interference fields.
  • a dipole field of 70 mT which corresponds to an electron energy of about 10 MeV, includes a quadrupole field with a Gradients of about 0.18 T / m. This gradient requires electrical flow through the triplet coils 12 to 14 of approximately 700 ampere turns at a distance of 4 cm from the electron path 2.
  • the conductors of the quadrupole triplets can advantageously be installed in a simple manner in the respective deflection magnets. This fact is readily apparent from Figures 3 and 4.
  • 3 schematically shows a cross section through the quadrupole coil 6 of the conductor arrangement forming the quadrupole triplet 3 according to FIG. 1.
  • the quadrupole coil 6 is formed by an upper conductor turn 14 and a lower conductor turn 15. These turns are arranged on both sides of a plane E in which the particle path 2 and the radius of curvature R of the deflection magnet lie.
  • the particle path 2 passes through the origin of a coordinate system with R and Z as coordinates, Z being perpendicular to the plane E and to R, respectively.
  • the conductor turns 14 and 15 are to be arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane E.
  • a quadrupole field is generated with these conductor windings, which has a focusing effect on the particle beam by + 45 °.
  • the quadrupole field is illustrated by field lines 16, while the focussing or defocusing direction of the Lorentz force is indicated by dashed lines 17 and 17 '.
  • This quadrupole field is indicated superimposed by a dipole field indicated by field lines 18, which is generated by main windings 19 or 20 of the 180 ° deflection magnet.
  • the two main windings 19 and 20 lie approximately symmetrically on both sides of the plane E.
  • a cross-section through the quadrupole coil 7 of the same quadrupole triplet 3 is shown schematically in FIG.
  • the directions of current flow in the upper turn 14 and in the lower turn 15 of this coil 7 are opposite to the directions of current flow in the adjacent quadrupole coil 6 of the triplet 3, so that the quadrupole field of the coil 7 illustrated by field lines 16 'is focused by -45 ° or That is, the quadrupole field of the coil 7 is rotated by 90 ° with respect to the quadrupole field of the coil 6 shown in FIG. 3.
  • the current flow directions in the conductor windings of the quadrupole coil 7 must also be selected.
  • the quadrupole fields to be created with the configuration of the magnetic field generating device according to the invention are essentially only effective with small dipole fields and high field change rates.
  • B> 1 T and smaller field change velocities B such additional fields are largely superfluous, since then the main windings of the magnetic field generating device can take over the particle guidance only in a known manner.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
EP86102393A 1985-03-08 1986-02-24 Générateur de champ magnétique pour système d'accélération de particules Expired - Lifetime EP0193837B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3508334 1985-03-08
DE3508334 1985-03-08

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0193837A2 true EP0193837A2 (fr) 1986-09-10
EP0193837A3 EP0193837A3 (en) 1986-12-03
EP0193837B1 EP0193837B1 (fr) 1990-05-02

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EP86102393A Expired - Lifetime EP0193837B1 (fr) 1985-03-08 1986-02-24 Générateur de champ magnétique pour système d'accélération de particules

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US (1) US4710722A (fr)
EP (1) EP0193837B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0754760B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3670943D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0296587A1 (fr) * 1987-06-24 1988-12-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Anneau pour accumuler des électrons
DE3928037A1 (de) * 1988-08-26 1990-03-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Vorrichtung zum beschleunigen und speichern von geladenen teilchen
DE3842792A1 (de) * 1988-12-20 1990-06-28 Kernforschungsz Karlsruhe Teilchenfuehrungsmagnet zur fuehrung elektrisch geladener teilchen

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US5198674A (en) * 1991-11-27 1993-03-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Particle beam generator using a radioactive source
US7002160B1 (en) * 2003-11-07 2006-02-21 University Of Louisiana At Lafayette Sextuplet quadrupole lens system for charged particle accelerators
EP1790203B1 (fr) 2004-07-21 2015-12-30 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Generateur de forme d'ondes a radiofrequence programmable pour un synchrocyclotron
EP1764132A1 (fr) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour la configuration d'une trajectoire de faisceau d'un système de thérapie par faisceau de particules
EP2389980A3 (fr) 2005-11-18 2012-03-14 Still River Systems, Inc. Radiothérapie à particules chargées
US20110158369A1 (en) * 2007-02-24 2011-06-30 Delbert John Larson Cellular, electron cooled storage ring system and method for fusion power generation
US8003964B2 (en) 2007-10-11 2011-08-23 Still River Systems Incorporated Applying a particle beam to a patient
US8933650B2 (en) 2007-11-30 2015-01-13 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Matching a resonant frequency of a resonant cavity to a frequency of an input voltage
US8581523B2 (en) 2007-11-30 2013-11-12 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Interrupted particle source
JP6523957B2 (ja) 2012-09-28 2019-06-05 メビオン・メディカル・システムズ・インコーポレーテッド 磁場を変更するための磁性シム
CN104813747B (zh) 2012-09-28 2018-02-02 梅维昂医疗系统股份有限公司 使用磁场颤振聚焦粒子束
TW201424467A (zh) 2012-09-28 2014-06-16 Mevion Medical Systems Inc 一粒子束之強度控制
EP2901821B1 (fr) 2012-09-28 2020-07-08 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Régénérateur de champ magnétique
WO2014052734A1 (fr) 2012-09-28 2014-04-03 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Commande de thérapie par particules
US10254739B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2019-04-09 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Coil positioning system
ES2739830T3 (es) 2012-09-28 2020-02-04 Mevion Medical Systems Inc Ajuste de energía de un haz de partículas
EP2901822B1 (fr) 2012-09-28 2020-04-08 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Focalisation d'un faisceau de particules
WO2014052721A1 (fr) 2012-09-28 2014-04-03 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Système de commande pour un accélérateur de particules
US8791656B1 (en) 2013-05-31 2014-07-29 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Active return system
US9730308B2 (en) 2013-06-12 2017-08-08 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Particle accelerator that produces charged particles having variable energies
CN110237447B (zh) 2013-09-27 2021-11-02 梅维昂医疗系统股份有限公司 粒子治疗系统
US10675487B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2020-06-09 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Energy degrader enabling high-speed energy switching
US9962560B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2018-05-08 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Collimator and energy degrader
US9661736B2 (en) 2014-02-20 2017-05-23 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Scanning system for a particle therapy system
US9950194B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2018-04-24 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Patient positioning system
US10786689B2 (en) 2015-11-10 2020-09-29 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Adaptive aperture
EP3906968A1 (fr) 2016-07-08 2021-11-10 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Planification de traitement
US11103730B2 (en) 2017-02-23 2021-08-31 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Automated treatment in particle therapy
EP3645111A1 (fr) 2017-06-30 2020-05-06 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Collimateur configurable commandé au moyen de moteurs linéaires
WO2020185543A1 (fr) 2019-03-08 2020-09-17 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Collimateur et dégradeur d'énergie pour système de thérapie par particules
US10766775B1 (en) 2019-08-05 2020-09-08 Daniel Hodes Method of producing diamond using shockwaves
US11802053B2 (en) 2021-06-10 2023-10-31 Daniel Hodes Method and apparatus for the fabrication of diamond by shockwaves

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0296587A1 (fr) * 1987-06-24 1988-12-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Anneau pour accumuler des électrons
US4916404A (en) * 1987-06-24 1990-04-10 Hitachi, Ltd. Electron storage ring
DE3928037A1 (de) * 1988-08-26 1990-03-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Vorrichtung zum beschleunigen und speichern von geladenen teilchen
DE3842792A1 (de) * 1988-12-20 1990-06-28 Kernforschungsz Karlsruhe Teilchenfuehrungsmagnet zur fuehrung elektrisch geladener teilchen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61208800A (ja) 1986-09-17
US4710722A (en) 1987-12-01
DE3670943D1 (de) 1990-06-07
EP0193837A3 (en) 1986-12-03
JPH0754760B2 (ja) 1995-06-07
EP0193837B1 (fr) 1990-05-02

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