EP0193038B1 - Générateur de champ magnétique pour système d'accélération de particules - Google Patents

Générateur de champ magnétique pour système d'accélération de particules Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0193038B1
EP0193038B1 EP86101853A EP86101853A EP0193038B1 EP 0193038 B1 EP0193038 B1 EP 0193038B1 EP 86101853 A EP86101853 A EP 86101853A EP 86101853 A EP86101853 A EP 86101853A EP 0193038 B1 EP0193038 B1 EP 0193038B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic field
particle
particle path
magnetic
field equipment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86101853A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0193038A2 (fr
EP0193038A3 (en
Inventor
Andreas Dr. Jahnke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0193038A2 publication Critical patent/EP0193038A2/fr
Publication of EP0193038A3 publication Critical patent/EP0193038A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0193038B1 publication Critical patent/EP0193038B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/20—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets without armatures
    • H01F7/202—Electromagnets for high magnetic field strength
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
    • G21K1/08—Deviation, concentration or focusing of the beam by electric or magnetic means
    • G21K1/093—Deviation, concentration or focusing of the beam by electric or magnetic means by magnetic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/04—Magnet systems, e.g. undulators, wigglers; Energisation thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic field device for a particle accelerator system, the particle path of which has at least curved sections, with a plurality of magnetic field-generating windings, at least one additional winding being provided for focusing the electrically charged particles.
  • a magnetic field device for a particle accelerator system, the particle path of which has at least curved sections, with a plurality of magnetic field-generating windings, at least one additional winding being provided for focusing the electrically charged particles.
  • microtrons can achieve particle energies of up to approximately 100 MeV. These systems can in particular also be implemented as so-called “race track” microtrons.
  • the particle trajectories of this type of accelerator systems are composed of two semicircles, each with a corresponding 180 ° deflection magnet, and of two straight track sections (cf. "Nucl.Instr. And Meth.”, Vol. 177, 1980, pages 411 to 416 or Vol. 204, 1982, pages 1 to 20).
  • the magnetic field can be increased with unchanged dimensions.
  • Such magnetic fields can be generated in particular with superconducting magnets.
  • a field accuracy & B / Bo of about 10- 3 would be required; which means that the field at the beginning of the acceleration phase should be adjustable to about 0.002 mT.
  • the cause of undesired field distortions can be external fields such as the earth's field with 0.06 mT or the fields of magnetizable, ie para, ferri or ferromagnetic parts of a magnetic device. Eddy currents in metallic parts of the magnet itself or in its conductors can also lead to corresponding disturbances.
  • shielding currents in the conductors of a superconducting winding or so-called frozen magnetic fluxes in these conductors may represent such sources of interference.
  • the electron accelerator system to be removed therefore has the 180 ° deflection magnets with a main winding generating a dipole field and an additional winding focusing the particles on the particle path.
  • a focusing solenoid system is provided in the area of the straight track sections. In the known magnetic device, however, the deflection magnets enclose the corresponding curved section of the particle path, so that the synchrotron radiation occurring there cannot be used.
  • the object of the present invention is to design the above-mentioned magnetic field device of an accelerator system in such a way that it can be used to accelerate relatively large currents of charged particles to relatively high energy levels, in the case of electrons to several hundred MeV, for example, without the need for special pre-accelerators will.
  • the additional winding in the region of at least one of the curved sections of the particle path is to be used to generate an azimuthal guide field for the particles during their acceleration phase, in that this winding is designed as a correspondingly curved electrical conductor arrangement which partially surrounds the particle path, which is designed like a hollow gutter, open to the outside, structured to suppress eddy currents, and of a current flows through perpendicular to the particle path.
  • superconducting deflection magnets for fields between approximately 2 mT and 100 mT can advantageously also be used for the acceleration of electrons in particular, by generating an azimuthal component of the field carrying the particles. Because of the hollow channel-like design of the conductor arrangement used for this purpose, the emission of synchrotron radiation is not obstructed laterally to the outside. With the structuring of this conductor arrangement which is also to be carried out in a known manner, eddy currents fanned in by the magnetic windings are also effectively suppressed.
  • FIG. 1 schematically indicates a magnetic field device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows such a magnetic field device as part of an electron accelerator system. The same parts are provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.
  • FIG. 1 shows the conductor arrangement of a magnetic field device according to the invention.
  • This device should be provided in particular for electronically known accelerator systems of the race track type ("race track microtrons").
  • the dipole deflection magnets required for this are bent semicircularly according to the curved particle path (cf. e.g. "IEEE Trans. Nuci.Sci.”, Vol. NS-30, No. 4, August 1983, pages 2531 to 2533). Since in particular end energies of the particles of a few 100 MeV are aimed for, the windings of the magnets are then preferably made with superconducting material because of the high field strengths required.
  • a circumferential azimuthal component of the magnetic field is to be ensured with an undisturbed outlet of the synchrotron radiation. Due to such a component, additional focusing of the electron beam can advantageously be achieved during the still low-energy acceleration phase even when using superconducting deflection magnets. Then electrons with a relatively low injection energy of e.g. several 100 keV and with a relatively high particle density, i.e. a pulse current of, for example, at least 20 mA with pulse lengths in the lisec range can be shot directly into the particle path; i.e., pre-accelerators for injecting electrons with higher energy can then advantageously be dispensed with.
  • the superconducting deflection magnets can therefore also be used for fields between approximately 2 mT and 100 mT during electron acceleration.
  • the conductor arrangement required for this to generate the corresponding azimuthal component of the induction Be or the magnetic field He in the region of a deflection magnet and the magnetic field component H 'in the straight regions of the particle path can be seen in more detail in FIG. 1.
  • e is the opening angle of the particle path of the electrons e indicated in the figure by a dotted line and designated by 2.
  • This conductor arrangement is therefore provided along the entire orbit of the electrons e.
  • the magnetic field component H ' is generated in the straight path sections A 1 and Az by two solenoid coils 3 and 4, which surround an electron beam chamber 5 which receives the electrons e and is not shown in the figure.
  • Solenoids of this type are used, for example, in high-current betatrons for beam focusing (cf. "IEEE Trans. Nuci. Sci.”, Vol. NS-30, No. 4, August 1983, pages 3162 to 3164).
  • a correspondingly curved electrical conductor arrangement 6, which partially surrounds the semicircular electron path is provided according to the invention.
  • This conductor arrangement is designed in the manner of a hollow gutter, ie it is open to the outside in order to allow the synchrotron radiation illustrated by the arrowed lines 7 to penetrate to the outside without being disturbed.
  • the conductor arrangement 6 should be structured such that eddy currents generated in it by the windings of the respective deflecting magnet are effectively suppressed. According to the exemplary embodiment shown in the figure, the conductor arrangement 6 is therefore composed of a large number of individual elements 8a to 8i which are lined up in the beam guidance direction.
  • Each of these nine elements is seen to be approximately U-shaped in a section transverse to the beam guidance direction in that it has an approximately rectangular or circular sector-shaped upper part 9 and a corresponding lower part 10, which are connected to one another via a side part 11.
  • the parts 9 and 10 lie in parallel planes above and below the particle path 2, while the side parts 11 are arranged on the inside of this particle path.
  • all elements 8a to 8i are electrically connected to one another and are traversed by a current I with the direction of current flow indicated by arrows in the figure, transverse to the particle path and circumferentially around the particle stream.
  • the conductor arrangement 6 thus essentially represents a slotted solenoid with at least one turn, which is to be arranged in each case within a 180 ° deflection magnet.
  • Both normal and superconducting conductor material can be selected for the conductor arrangement 6.
  • this can also have a hollow channel-like or tubular conductor arrangement that is slotted on the outside in the direction of the particle guide, deviating from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in a correspondingly different shape.
  • circular ones are also used for the conductor arrangement or oval cross-sectional shapes.
  • a hollow gutter-like structure made of an electrically non-conductive material is also conceivable, which serves as a carrier body for the individual conductor tracks of the conductor arrangement. If necessary, this carrier body can even be the beam guiding chamber itself.
  • the side parts 11 of the elements 8a to 8i also do not need to run directly in the vicinity of the particle track 2. Rather, these parts 11 can also be close to the center M of the respective 180 ° deflecting magnet, in which case the upper and lower parts 9 and 10 are to be arranged at a correspondingly greater distance with respect to the particle track 2.
  • the elements 8a to 8i are electrically connected in parallel directly with one another only via two current supply conductors 20 and 21. These power supply conductors are arranged so that they do not hinder the exit of the synchrotron radiation 7. If necessary, however, the elements 8a to 8i can also form several subgroups, each of which leads to its own power supply. The conductor arrangement 6 would then represent a solenoid with a corresponding number of turns.
  • a Be component of approximately 20 mT is additionally switched on for beam guidance after the injection of electrons, for example with an injection energy of 100 keV.
  • an electrical flooding of about 25 kA through the U-shaped conductor elements 8a to 8i is required.
  • the just designed solenoid coils 3 and 4 can be designed with many turns and are then operated with a correspondingly smaller current.
  • FIG. 2 an oblique view of a curved 180 ° dipole magnet of an electron accelerator system is shown schematically in a partially broken illustration.
  • This magnet has two large curved dipole windings 13 and 14, which are arranged lying on both sides of an electron beam chamber 17 surrounding the particle path 2 in parallel planes.
  • An additional gradient winding 16 is located along the curved inside of the magnet or the electron beam chamber 17. Since the conductors of these windings 13, 14 and 16 are made of superconducting material, these windings are located in a housing 18, which is used to cool the superconductors absorbs cryogenic coolant.
  • the electron beam chamber to which the beam guide tube 5 is flanged in the transition region between straight and curved sections of the particle path, is formed between the windings as a U-shaped beam chamber 17 which is open to the outside, in order to enable the synchrotron radiation to be led out.
  • the chamber 17 is connected to the housing 18, and both parts thus form a closed container for the coolant.
  • the electron beam chamber 17 is from the inside of the hollow channel-like conductor arrangement formed from individual elements 8 6 enclosed, that is, the chamber serves as a carrier body for the elements 8.
  • the azimuthal guide field to be generated with the configuration of the magnetic field device according to the invention is essentially effective in the case of small fields and high field change speeds.
  • such a guiding field is largely superfluous, since then the main windings of the magnetic field generating device can take over the particle guidance alone in a known manner.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Dispositif à champ magnétique pour une installation à accélérateur de particules, dont la trajectoire des particules présente pour le moins des sections (Aa) cintrées, avec plusieurs enroulements (13,14,16) produisant un champ magnétique, du type dans lequel au moins un enroulement supplémentaire (6) est prévu pour la concentration des particules chargées électriquement, caractérisé par le fait qu'à l'aide de l'enroulement supplémentaire, et dans zone d'au moins l'une des sections cintrées (As) de la trajectoire des particules (2), un champ directeur azimutal (He) est à produire pour les particules (e-) pendant leur phase d'accélération, en réalisant cet enroulement sous la forme d'un agencement (6) cintré de façon correspondante, de conducteurs électriques et qui entoure partiellement la trajectoire des particules, ledit agencement étant
a) conformé en goulotte creuse, ouverte vers l'extérieur,
b) structuré pour supprimer les courants de Fou- cault, et
c) traversé par un courant (I) passant transversalement par rapport à la trajectoire des particules.
2. Dispositif à champ magnétique pour une installation à accélérateur de particules avec des sections supplémentaires et droites de la trajectoire des particules, suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que dans la zone des sections droites (A1, A2) de la trajectoire des particules (2), est à établir, pendant la phase d'accélération, un champ directeur azimutal (H') pour les particules (e-).
3. Dispositif à champ magnétique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que pour produire le champ directeur azimutal (H') pour les particules (e-), il est prévu dans la zone de chaque section droite (Ai, A2) au moins un solenoide (3, 4).
4. Dispositif à champ magnétique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que les enroulements (13,14,16) qui produisent le champ magnétique et/ou l'agencement de conducteurs (2) comportent, au moins partiellement des conducteurs à supraconduction.
5. Dispositif à champ magnétique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que l'agencement de conducteurs U6 est formé par plusieurs éléments individuels (8a à 8i) qui sont conformés en U, si l'on regarde transversalement par rapport à la trajectoire des particules (2).
6. Dispositif à champ magnétique selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments individuels (8a à 8i) qui sont conformés en U, sont reliés électriquement en parallèles entre eux, à l'aide d'au moins une paire d'amenées du courant (20,21) .
7. Dispositif à champ magnétique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que l'agencement de conducteurs (6) est disposé sur un corps de support conformé de façon correspondante et réalisé avec un matériau électriquement isolant.
8. Dispositif à champ magnétique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait qu'en tant que particules chargées électriquement, des électrons (e-) sont à accélérer.
EP86101853A 1985-02-25 1986-02-13 Générateur de champ magnétique pour système d'accélération de particules Expired EP0193038B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853506562 DE3506562A1 (de) 1985-02-25 1985-02-25 Magnetfeldeinrichtung fuer eine teilchenbeschleuniger-anlage
DE3506562 1985-02-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0193038A2 EP0193038A2 (fr) 1986-09-03
EP0193038A3 EP0193038A3 (en) 1986-12-10
EP0193038B1 true EP0193038B1 (fr) 1989-05-17

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EP86101853A Expired EP0193038B1 (fr) 1985-02-25 1986-02-13 Générateur de champ magnétique pour système d'accélération de particules

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US (1) US4734653A (fr)
EP (1) EP0193038B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0752680B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3506562A1 (fr)

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JP2896188B2 (ja) * 1990-03-27 1999-05-31 三菱電機株式会社 荷電粒子装置用偏向電磁石
GB2272994B (en) * 1990-03-27 1994-08-31 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Deflection electromagnet for a charged particle device
CN1282215C (zh) * 2003-06-10 2006-10-25 清华大学 一种电子束的束流引导装置
JP5046928B2 (ja) 2004-07-21 2012-10-10 メヴィオン・メディカル・システムズ・インコーポレーテッド シンクロサイクロトロン及び粒子ビームを生成する方法
EP1764132A1 (fr) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour la configuration d'une trajectoire de faisceau d'un système de thérapie par faisceau de particules
ES2730108T3 (es) * 2005-11-18 2019-11-08 Mevion Medical Systems Inc Radioterapia de partículas cargadas
US8003964B2 (en) 2007-10-11 2011-08-23 Still River Systems Incorporated Applying a particle beam to a patient
US8933650B2 (en) * 2007-11-30 2015-01-13 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Matching a resonant frequency of a resonant cavity to a frequency of an input voltage
US8581523B2 (en) * 2007-11-30 2013-11-12 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Interrupted particle source
EP2901822B1 (fr) 2012-09-28 2020-04-08 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Focalisation d'un faisceau de particules
US9723705B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2017-08-01 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Controlling intensity of a particle beam
TW201433331A (zh) 2012-09-28 2014-09-01 Mevion Medical Systems Inc 線圈位置調整
WO2014052734A1 (fr) 2012-09-28 2014-04-03 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Commande de thérapie par particules
US10254739B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2019-04-09 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Coil positioning system
US9622335B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2017-04-11 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Magnetic field regenerator
EP2901820B1 (fr) 2012-09-28 2021-02-17 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Focalisation d'un faisceau de particules à l'aide d'une variation de champ magnétique
JP6121546B2 (ja) 2012-09-28 2017-04-26 メビオン・メディカル・システムズ・インコーポレーテッド 粒子加速器用の制御システム
EP3342462B1 (fr) 2012-09-28 2019-05-01 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Réglage de l'énergie d'un faisceau de particules
US8791656B1 (en) 2013-05-31 2014-07-29 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Active return system
US9730308B2 (en) 2013-06-12 2017-08-08 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Particle accelerator that produces charged particles having variable energies
US10258810B2 (en) 2013-09-27 2019-04-16 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Particle beam scanning
US9962560B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2018-05-08 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Collimator and energy degrader
US10675487B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2020-06-09 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Energy degrader enabling high-speed energy switching
US9661736B2 (en) 2014-02-20 2017-05-23 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Scanning system for a particle therapy system
US9950194B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2018-04-24 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Patient positioning system
KR101641135B1 (ko) * 2015-04-21 2016-07-29 한국원자력연구원 집속용 솔레노이드, 차폐체, 및 가속관이 일체형으로 정렬된 입자 가속 장치
US10786689B2 (en) 2015-11-10 2020-09-29 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Adaptive aperture
US10925147B2 (en) 2016-07-08 2021-02-16 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Treatment planning
US11103730B2 (en) 2017-02-23 2021-08-31 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Automated treatment in particle therapy
EP3645111A1 (fr) 2017-06-30 2020-05-06 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Collimateur configurable commandé au moyen de moteurs linéaires
US11291861B2 (en) 2019-03-08 2022-04-05 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Delivery of radiation by column and generating a treatment plan therefor
GB2597255B (en) * 2020-07-16 2024-09-18 Elekta ltd Radiotherapy device

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3663413D1 (en) 1989-06-22
JPH0752680B2 (ja) 1995-06-05
DE3506562A1 (de) 1986-08-28
EP0193038A2 (fr) 1986-09-03
JPS61195600A (ja) 1986-08-29
EP0193038A3 (en) 1986-12-10
US4734653A (en) 1988-03-29

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