EP0193009A2 - Récupérateur pour un fourneau, un poêle ou une cheminée à foyer ouvert dans une habitation - Google Patents

Récupérateur pour un fourneau, un poêle ou une cheminée à foyer ouvert dans une habitation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0193009A2
EP0193009A2 EP86101575A EP86101575A EP0193009A2 EP 0193009 A2 EP0193009 A2 EP 0193009A2 EP 86101575 A EP86101575 A EP 86101575A EP 86101575 A EP86101575 A EP 86101575A EP 0193009 A2 EP0193009 A2 EP 0193009A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
flue gas
recuperator
heat exchange
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86101575A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0193009A3 (fr
Inventor
Edith Walter
Hermann Hutze
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19858503644 external-priority patent/DE8503644U1/de
Priority claimed from DE19853507252 external-priority patent/DE3507252A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0193009A2 publication Critical patent/EP0193009A2/fr
Publication of EP0193009A3 publication Critical patent/EP0193009A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
    • F24B1/185—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion
    • F24B1/188—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas  
    • F24B1/1885—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas   the heat exchange medium being air only
    • F24B1/1888—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas   the heat exchange medium being air only with forced circulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a recuperator for utilization of the flue gas heat grounded at H, ovens and / or fireplaces for residential purposes.
  • Stoves, stoves and / or open fireplaces are still used today to heat living spaces, for example in houses, holiday apartments, weekend houses or hunting lodges. With such a heater, a large part of the heat generated by the fire is uselessly dissipated through the chimney. With an open fireplace, for example, 80 - 90% of the heat generated by the fire is uselessly dissipated through the chimney. Devices are known to improve the efficiency of an open fireplace.
  • Such known devices usually have metal cassettes which are arranged in the side walls and / or the base plate of the open fireplace and the surfaces of which are each in contact with the fire or embers.
  • the surfaces of the cassette facing the open fire are heated by the radiant heat of the fire or by contact with the fire.
  • hot cassette surfaces Through contact with them hot cassette surfaces, the cold supply air entering the base of the fireplace is heated, which then flows out as heated warm air from the upper outlet openings of the cassettes.
  • Such devices thus work on the convection principle and require expensive components, since they have to withstand the high temperatures of approximately 1200 ° C.-1500 ° C. and the corrosive influences of the fire.
  • Devices also work according to the convection principle, in which the flue gas discharge pipe is guided through a large-volume air space which is lined with radiation foils and is arranged above the furnace.
  • a large-volume air space which is lined with radiation foils and is arranged above the furnace.
  • Such an arrangement requires, for example, an air space volume of approximately 1 m 3 in order to transfer the heat contained in the exhaust gas to the cold supply air entering this air space with a justifiable efficiency.
  • the devices for improving the efficiency known only in open fireplaces have the disadvantage that they are limited in their effectiveness, have a large-volume construction and / or are expensive Require components.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a recuperator of the type described above, which improves the efficiency of a stove, oven or an open fireplace and has a compact design to be realized with inexpensive components, so that it is easy either directly or subsequently without large structural changes can be incorporated.
  • the recuperator designed according to the invention is based on the basic idea of extracting a large part of its heat from the hot flue gases by means of at least one heat exchange tube connected to an air inlet chamber and an air outlet chamber, the outer surfaces of which are in contact with the flue gases and the inner surfaces of which are in contact with the cold fresh air forced in by a fan .
  • the heat contained in the flue gases is transferred to the air flowing in this tube or in these chambers via the wall of the heat exchange tube and the housing of the two chambers.
  • the high air passage caused by the blower in the recuperator designed according to the invention and the high temperatures of the flue gases enable a compact construction. Since the recuperator is not in contact with the much hotter fire and / or the embers compared to the flue gas, For this purpose, compared to the known cassettes, significantly cheaper and less resistant materials can be used.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the recuperator has a plurality of heat exchange tubes which are arranged transversely to the direction of the flue gas flow. This causes a substantial increase in the heat transfer areas, so that the efficiency of the recuperator is considerably improved. In such an embodiment, however, special care must be taken to ensure that the pressure loss of the flue gas outlet caused by the flow resistance of the large number of heat exchange tubes is so small that the flue gases of the furnace are still discharged unhindered. This is achieved, for example, in that the heat exchange tubes have a center distance of approximately 40-80 mm, depending on the respective diameter, which is between approximately 30-60 mm.
  • Such a heat exchange tube usually has a wall thickness of about 1.5 mm - 4.0 mm and consists of a conventional unalloyed steel known to the person skilled in the art with this problem.
  • a special embodiment of the recuperator designed according to the invention which is particularly suitable for retrofitting in an existing stove, oven or open fireplace, consists of a base plate and a rectangular flue gas opening provided therein. Above that smoke gas opening are arranged at least two heat exchange tubes which connect an air inlet chamber with a diametrically opposite air deflection chamber and this with an air outlet chamber, the air outlet chamber being arranged in a section of the air inlet chamber and all three chambers being fastened to this base plate.
  • a fan located in front of the air inlet chamber which in this exemplary embodiment is a fan, conveys the supply air with a flow rate of approximately 150-400 m '/ h, which passes through the air inlet chamber and the first heat exchange tube into the air deflection chamber and from there through the second exchange tube flows into the air outlet chamber.
  • the recuperator designed according to the invention has a corresponding number of air deflection chambers. Usually one to three air deflections are used, with the result that one to three air deflection chambers are provided. It is also possible that several heat exchange tubes lead from the air inlet chamber into the air deflection chamber and from there further heat exchange tubes go into the air outlet chamber.
  • the base plate When retrofitting into an existing stove, oven or open fireplace, it is only necessary to adapt the base plate to the flue gas opening and to fasten it there, and to connect the fan to electricity.
  • the base plate With such an easy-to-install embodiment, for example, only a height of 110 mm and one for flue gas vents Has the usual width and depth, the majority of the heat energy can be extracted from the flue gas.
  • the recuperator is designed in such a way that the temperature of the heated supply air does not exceed a value of approximately 150 ° C.
  • recuperator designed according to the invention is operated together with an oven, stove or open fireplace which has a firing opening to be closed, for example by a glass plate or a cast plate, it is advisable to use an alloyed, as material for the heat exchange pipes and chambers, use scaling-resistant steel, since the exhaust gas temperatures can be significantly higher due to the closed combustion chamber.
  • a recuperator is based on the basic concept of surrounding a flue gas pipe used for discharging hot flue gases from the combustion chamber with an air flow pipe in such a way that a cylindrical cavity is formed between the flue gas pipe and the air flow pipe.
  • the air flow tube each has an opening in a lower and an upper section, which are used for supplying and removing the air forcedly circulated by a blower.
  • the flue gas pipe has air guiding devices which are arranged and designed in such a way that, in order to improve the heat exchange, they guide the air flowing in through the air inlet opening over the entire outer surface of the hot flue gas pipe.
  • air guiding devices preferably consist of metal sheets which are attached in a spiral on the outer surface of the flue gas pipe and which extend completely between the air flow pipe and the flue gas pipe.
  • Such an arrangement has the effect that the flow velocity of the incoming cold air is increased and thus the heat exchange between the hot flue gases and the cold air is improved.
  • a range between approximately 15 ° and 70 ° has proven to be particularly suitable for this.
  • the thermal energy contained in the flue gas can be carried out with such air, which is guided in spiral paths around the flue gas pipe , with an efficiency of around 85 t to the cold air flowing into the recuperator.
  • Such a high degree of efficiency of the recuperator designed according to the innovation is attributed to the fact that, as the gradient of the air guiding devices decreases, the cold air no longer flows in cocurrent or countercurrent but increasingly in crossflow to the flue gas.
  • a first embodiment provides that the cold air is taken from the same room in which the heated air is discharged.
  • the cold air is fed to the recuperator from a neighboring room or from the outside via a corresponding pipe system and the heated air is introduced into the room, which is heated, for example, by a stove, oven and / or open fireplace.
  • Such air guidance has the additional advantage that it enables a constant supply of fresh air heated by the recuperator.
  • Such an embodiment is particularly suitable for restaurants or conference rooms, since large amounts of fresh air are usually required for this.
  • Another embodiment uses the same supply of cold air, but directs the air warmed up by the recuperator into other, other rooms, while in a fourth embodiment the cold supply air through the oven, stove and / or open fireplace heated space is taken and the heated air is used via appropriate pipe systems for heating other rooms. With such an air duct, neighboring rooms can thus also be heated without these having an appropriate heating device.
  • the two last-mentioned embodiments of the recuperator designed according to the invention are suitable, for example, for holiday homes or weekend houses, since in many of these there is only a stove, oven or open fireplace in the main living room.
  • a special embodiment has an insert in an upper section of the flue gas pipe, which is designed, for example, as a cylindrical body that is open on one side and tapered at its lower end.
  • the use arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the flue gas pipe causes a cross-sectional narrowing of the flue gas pipe, which has the consequence that the flue gases flowing therein are deflected in the direction of the inner surface of the flue gas pipe and thus heat it up particularly well.
  • Such one Slider enables indirect control of the temperature of the heated air, since the amount of deflected flue gases increases as the slider closes, which increases the temperature of the corresponding section of the flue gas pipe and thus also increases the temperature of the air flowing past it.
  • recuperator designed according to the invention As far as the material of the recuperator designed according to the invention is concerned, it is advisable to use unalloyed or alloyed types of steel, which may be scale-resistant, depending on the temperature of the flue gas. Alloyed chrome-nickel steels have proven themselves particularly well at high flue gas temperatures, which can be up to around 1000 ° C.
  • the air flow tube has a wall thickness of approximately 2 mm, a length of approximately 100 cm and a diameter of approximately 45 cm, while the flue gas tube has a diameter of approximately 40 cm.
  • Fornor has the upper and lower sections of the air flow tube expanded cylindrically to a diameter of approximately 55 cm in order to enable a better inflow or outflow of the supplied air.
  • blower As far as the blower is concerned, standard suction or pressure blowers can be used. However, if a suction fan is arranged in such a way that it comes into direct contact with the air heated by the recuperator designed according to the invention, it is recommended that the air coming into contact with the hot air Blower components are made of a temperature-resistant material. However, a fan is preferably used, which introduces the cold air into the air inlet opening either directly or via appropriate pipe systems.
  • FIG. 1 has a base plate 6, on each of which an air inlet chamber 1, an air outlet chamber 3 and an air deflection chamber 8 are fastened. Furthermore, the base plate 6 has a flue gas opening 7, with heat exchange tubes denoted by 4 being arranged above this opening. A section of the base plate, designated 12, is used to support a fan (not shown).
  • a recuperator 9 shown in Figure 2 is in the upper section of an open fireplace 10 by ge showed screws attached.
  • the cold supply air is sucked in laterally by a fan 2 in the direction of arrow 20, flows through the recuperator and leaves it through an air outlet chamber 3 in the direction of arrow 27.
  • the hot flue gases rising from a fire 11 in the direction of arrow 5 make the air flowing through the recuperator 9 , as stated above, heated.
  • recuperator designed according to the invention, it is provided with a control device which switches the fan on and off depending on the flue gas temperature.
  • a sensor is preferably arranged upstream of the recuperator, which generates a signal for switching off the fan when the flue gas temperature falls below a predetermined temperature, which is, for example, approximately 160-180 ° C. With the help of such a control it is possible to prevent the chimney from jamming.
  • recuperator designed according to the invention can also have a controller that regulates the speed of the fan.
  • a sensor is also arranged upstream of the recuperator and generates signals for regulating the speed of the fan motor depending on the respective temperature of the flue gas.
  • the recuperator shown in FIG. 3 and designated by 10 ' has a flue gas pipe 20' through which the flue gases generated during combustion in an oven, stove or open fireplace, not shown, are passed in the direction of the arrow 9 '.
  • the flue gas pipe 20 ' is surrounded at a distance by an air flow pipe 3', which in the embodiment shown there extends over the entire length of the flue gas pipe.
  • the air flow tube 3 ' has in its lower portion, a cylindrical extension 13' with an air inlet opening 1 and 5 in its upper portion a cylindrical extension 14 'with an air outlet opening 6'.
  • the air inlet opening 5 ' is connected via a pipe system 15' shown in dashed lines to a schematically shown building 4 ', while the embodiment shown there has a nozzle 16' shown in dashed lines at the air outlet opening 6 '.
  • a cylindrical insert 10' which is closed on one side and has a conical section 12 'at its lower end and a slide 11' in its bottom surface symmetrical to its longitudinal axis 17 '.
  • a plurality of air guiding devices 18 ' are arranged in a spiral on the outer surface of the flue gas pipe 3', which in the embodiment shown there have an incline of approximately 20 °.
  • FIG 4 six rooms 25 '- 30' are drawn in a schematic floor plan, four of these rooms 25 '- 28' each having a heating device such as a stove, oven or open fireplace and an associated recuperator 21 '- 24' .
  • the recuperator present in the room 25 ' has an air inlet connection 21a 1 and an air outlet connection 21b', which each open into the same room 25 ', so that the cold air from the room 25' via the connection 21a 'into the recuperator 21' introduced and the warm air heated there is blown into the same space 25 'via the nozzle 21b'.
  • the recuperator 22 ' has a tube 22a' for the introduction of fresh, cold air and a pipe 22b 'for the discharge of the heated air into the space 26', so that in such an arrangement, in addition to the utilization of the heat of the flue gas, ventilation is also provided of the room 26 'takes place.
  • the recuperator 23 ' has a corresponding tube 23a', so that fresh, cold air is supplied to it.
  • the air heated by the recuperator 23 ' is introduced via a pipe system 23b', 23c 'and 23d' into the rooms 29 'and 30', which are thus heated and ventilated.
  • the recuperator arranged in the space 28 ' has a connection 24a' for introducing cold air and a pipe system 24b ', 24c' and 24d ', the pipes 24c' and 24d 'being introduced into the rooms 29' and 30 '.
  • Such an arrangement thus enables additional heating of the rooms 29 'and 30' without having any other heating device.
  • the air ducts shown in principle in FIG. 2 others are also conceivable, for example a partial flow of the cold air supplied from the outside and a further partial flow from the respective room. The same naturally applies to the warm air heated by the recuperator.
  • recuperator designed according to the invention, it is provided with a control device which switches the fan on and off depending on the flue gas temperature.
  • a sensor is preferably arranged upstream of the recuperator, which generates a signal for switching off the fan when the flue gas temperature falls below a predetermined temperature, which is, for example, approximately 160-180 ° C. With the help of such a control, it is possible to scotch the chimney to prevent.
  • recuperator designed according to the invention can also have a controller that regulates the speed of the fan.
  • a sensor is also arranged upstream of the recuperator and generates signals for regulating the speed of the fan motor depending on the respective temperature of the flue gas.
  • the air flowing into the recuperator designed according to the invention can be conducted both in countercurrent and in cocurrent to the flue gas, the air guiding devices increasingly causing a countercurrent or countercurrent flow with decreasing gradient. Furthermore, the air guiding devices cause an increase in the air flow rate and a uniform distribution of the cold air entering the air flow pipe over the entire outer surface of the flue gas pipe, so that the heat exchange between the hot flue gases and the cold air is thereby further improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
EP86101575A 1985-02-09 1986-02-07 Récupérateur pour un fourneau, un poêle ou une cheminée à foyer ouvert dans une habitation Withdrawn EP0193009A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8503644U 1985-02-09
DE19858503644 DE8503644U1 (de) 1985-02-09 1985-02-09 Rekuperator für Herde, Öfen und/oder offene Kamine für Wohnzwecke
DE19853507252 DE3507252A1 (de) 1985-03-01 1985-03-01 Rekuperator fuer herde, oefen und/oder offene kamine
DE3507252 1985-03-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0193009A2 true EP0193009A2 (fr) 1986-09-03
EP0193009A3 EP0193009A3 (fr) 1986-12-30

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EP86101575A Withdrawn EP0193009A3 (fr) 1985-02-09 1986-02-07 Récupérateur pour un fourneau, un poêle ou une cheminée à foyer ouvert dans une habitation

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1031365A (fr) * 1950-02-06 1953-06-23 Rekuperator K G Dr Ing Schack Récupérateur
FR1061412A (fr) * 1951-08-17 1954-04-12 Rekuperator K G Récupérateur de chaleur à double cylindre
US2882023A (en) * 1955-11-30 1959-04-14 Home Heating Devices Inc Heat economizer for small units
FR2284829A1 (fr) * 1974-09-11 1976-04-09 Bessonnaud Pierre Dispositif recuperateur de calories pour toutes cheminees ouvertes
FR2493479A1 (fr) * 1980-11-06 1982-05-07 Martins Rolland Recuperateur d'energie thermique pour conduit de fumee
US4381819A (en) * 1979-09-14 1983-05-03 Paolino Ralph J Flue heat reclaimer
CA1157330A (fr) * 1982-01-05 1983-11-22 Alexandre Lachapelle Appareil de chauffage avec echangeur de chaleur a circulation d'air
US4448348A (en) * 1982-08-19 1984-05-15 Bidwell Malcolm A Forced air flue heater device
DE8505894U1 (de) * 1985-03-01 1985-06-05 Hutze, Hermann, 4000 Düsseldorf Rekuperator für Herde, Öfen und/oder offene Kamine

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1031365A (fr) * 1950-02-06 1953-06-23 Rekuperator K G Dr Ing Schack Récupérateur
FR1061412A (fr) * 1951-08-17 1954-04-12 Rekuperator K G Récupérateur de chaleur à double cylindre
US2882023A (en) * 1955-11-30 1959-04-14 Home Heating Devices Inc Heat economizer for small units
FR2284829A1 (fr) * 1974-09-11 1976-04-09 Bessonnaud Pierre Dispositif recuperateur de calories pour toutes cheminees ouvertes
US4381819A (en) * 1979-09-14 1983-05-03 Paolino Ralph J Flue heat reclaimer
FR2493479A1 (fr) * 1980-11-06 1982-05-07 Martins Rolland Recuperateur d'energie thermique pour conduit de fumee
CA1157330A (fr) * 1982-01-05 1983-11-22 Alexandre Lachapelle Appareil de chauffage avec echangeur de chaleur a circulation d'air
US4448348A (en) * 1982-08-19 1984-05-15 Bidwell Malcolm A Forced air flue heater device
DE8505894U1 (de) * 1985-03-01 1985-06-05 Hutze, Hermann, 4000 Düsseldorf Rekuperator für Herde, Öfen und/oder offene Kamine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0193009A3 (fr) 1986-12-30

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