EP0188890B1 - Tirant d'ancrage dans le sol - Google Patents

Tirant d'ancrage dans le sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0188890B1
EP0188890B1 EP85309153A EP85309153A EP0188890B1 EP 0188890 B1 EP0188890 B1 EP 0188890B1 EP 85309153 A EP85309153 A EP 85309153A EP 85309153 A EP85309153 A EP 85309153A EP 0188890 B1 EP0188890 B1 EP 0188890B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
outer tube
inner bar
ground anchor
sections
bar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85309153A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0188890A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael John Turner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MICHAEL JOHN TURNER TE STEEPLE, GROOT-BRITTANNIE.
Original Assignee
West's Piling and Construction Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by West's Piling and Construction Co Ltd filed Critical West's Piling and Construction Co Ltd
Priority to AT85309153T priority Critical patent/ATE43147T1/de
Publication of EP0188890A1 publication Critical patent/EP0188890A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0188890B1 publication Critical patent/EP0188890B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E02D5/765—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor removable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E02D5/808—Ground anchors anchored by using exclusively a bonding material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to ground anchors of the kind usually referred to as bar anchors.
  • the invention specifically relates to ground anchors of the type comprising an inner bar and an outer bar tube surrounding the inner bar, each made up of at least two sections, the inner bar sections being secured together by a screw-threaded coupling with which correspondingly screw-threaded ends of respective inner bar sections are engaged, and the outer tube sections being connected by an outer tube connecting assembly which comprises two parts which are connected to respective outer tube sections and which are interconnectable to form a sealed joint between the two parts.
  • a bore hole is occupied by the inner bar with the outer tube surrounding it for protection.
  • the outer tube is normally encased in a grout which may be cement or other settable material and there also may be a filling of grout or other suitable material between the inner bar and the protective tube. Draft British Standard DD 81:1982 can be referred to in this context.
  • the bar and tube are made up of more than one section where the anchor is long. It is a requirement that the inner bar sections be so joined that tension can be applied between the ends of the whole bar, the loads sometimes being very substantial.
  • the outer tube is not necessarily load carrying, it must nevertheless be strong enough to withstand side loads resulting, for example, from soil collapse around the anchor, and the same must be true of the outer tube connecting assembly.
  • the outer tube connecting assembly must also provide protection to the inner bar at least equal to that afforded by the outer tube sections themselves.
  • DE-A-2 019 166 discloses an outer tube connecting assembly in which the outer tube of the distal inner bar has its proximal end fixed to the inner bar and the outer tube of the proximal inner bar allows the inner bar to move longitudinally with respect to the outer tube on tensioning the inner bar. Sealing is obtained by an 0-ring between abutting radial surfaces, and relies on careful control of lengths of components at the manufacturing stage.
  • the present invention provides a ground anchor as set forth in Claim 1, and a method as set forth in Claim 11. Preferred and/or optional features of the invention are set forth in Claims 2-10. .
  • connection of two adjacent sections involves connection of the bar sections and the outer tube sections simultaneously.
  • the ground anchor may include more than two sections, connected by respective inner bar couplings and outer tube connecting assemblies.
  • the ground anchor in Figure 1 is shown installed.
  • the inner end is in rock or other hard substance whereas the outer end can be in relatively soft uncompacted material.
  • the anchor may be used to secure a concrete or other structure.
  • the anchors can be used for many civil engineering applications and may have substantial loads applied, depending upon operating conditions.
  • the ground in which this anchor is fitted is generally indicated at 10 in Figure 1.
  • the process for installing the anchor is to drill a hole to the required depth, removing the soil or rock so as to make provision for entry to the anchor.
  • the anchor is pushed into the hole and a filling of liquid grout indicated at 11 is injected or poured around it. When this sets, the anchor is held firmly in place, particularly at the inner end of the hole.
  • a casing may be used to support the surrounding soil particularly in the area of loose soil near the surface. When the casing has been removed, secondary grout indicated at 12 is placed into the hole, if required.
  • the anchor as illustrated comprises an inner bar 13, sometimes called the tendon. This is made from high tensile or other steel and may be screw threaded throughout the whole of its length.
  • the anchor is sealed at the inner end by an end plug 14 of non-corrodable material and its outer end carries a nut 15 used to retain tension in the bar 13. Further reference will be made to this later.
  • a tube 16 Surrounding the inner bar is a tube 16 which in this example is a corrugated plastics tube secured at one end to the end plug 14 and at the other end to a sleeve 17 connected to a member 18 which rests on or against the surface to be supported or retained. Sealing material 19 may be used around this member 18. Further grout is provided between the inner bar 13 and the tube 16.
  • the assembly is pre-assembled on the surface priorto installation.
  • a number of sections are used to make up the complete ground anchor and the sections are connected by couplings to which further reference will be made. In this example, there are two sections but in other cases, several more sections may be used depending upon the length or depth of the hole.
  • Each individual section has a part of the coupling and in the case of the lower or inner section shown in Figure 1 there is a coupling part connected to the end remote from the end plug 14. Similarly, in the case of the upper or outer section of the Figure 1 construction, a coupling part is fitted at one end whereas the other end extends out of the surface and carries the nut 15 as described.
  • each intermediate section carries at one end the coupling part fitted to the lower or inner section shown in Figure 1 and at its other end a coupling part as fitted to the upper or outer sections shown in Figure 1.
  • Such intermediate sections are preformed prior to installation including the internal grout, and the coupling parts are fixed to the sections of inner bar and outer tube.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show the components of the coupling for the outer tube. These comprise a flanged collar 20 secured in one end of an outer part or cylindrical sleeve 21, such as by welding. The outer end of the collar 20 is formed with grooves 22 which engage in and are securable with the interior of the adjacent section of tube 16. The collar 20 is secured within the tube 16 so as to be sealed against ingress of corrosive materials and is also secured against rotation relatively to the tube 16.
  • a component 23 which is slideably engageable with the end of the sleeve 21.
  • This component 23 comprises a hollow stepped generally cylindrical member with a flange 24 which need not abut against the end of the sleeve 21.
  • An inner part or end portion which slideably engages in the sleeve 21 has at least one but preferably a plurality of grooves 25 to accept sealing rings.
  • the component 23 has a grooved portion 26 engageable over the outer tube 16 of the adjacent section. This can be secured in a manner similar to the securement of the portion 22 both against ingress of corrosive materials and also against relative rotation.
  • a pair of flats 28 are provided for engagement by a clamp or support device or spanner.
  • a coupling sleeve 29 for the inner bar sections As previously described, the sections are screw threaded with relatively coarse threads throughout their lengths. Grout which fills the space between the inner bar and the outer tube, however, leaves the bar end exposed and it is on to this bar end that the sleeve 29 is screwed.
  • the sleeve 29 Prior to installation of an individual section, the sleeve 29 is fitted to the bar end of the lower or inner section, i.e. the bar end not situated within the sleeve 21.
  • the arrangement is such thatthe sleeve 29 will not screw further onto the bar end of the lower bar section than the position shown in Figure 1 in which the bar end is approximately halfway along the length of the sleeve 29. This can be achieved by providing a dead spot in the thread of the sleeve 29 midway between its ends so that the threads on the bar end and sleeve will not mate beyond the position shown in Figure 1.
  • the section carrying the component 23 and coupling sleeve 29 is introduced into the hole but its upper end remains above the surface for the time being. It is held by means of a clamp which supports the weight of the section as well as preventing its rotation.
  • the section is gripped below the component 23 around the outer tube 16.
  • forks of a support device may be engaged on the flats 28 of the component 23.
  • the next section which carries the sleeve 21 is now introduced over the supported section.
  • the sleeve 21 is pre-packed with corrosion resistant grease or other material (and, if necessary, taped over to prevent dirt entering the grease or other material during transportation) so as substantially to fill the space within the coupling but allows movement of the coupled tendon during tensioning.
  • the two sections are engaged together by screwing the upper section. This results in engagement of the bar end of the upper section in the sleeve 29 and at the same time engaging the sleeve 21 over the component 23.
  • a coupling is completely secure when the inner bar ends of the adjacent section engage one another and this will coincide with a position in which the sleeve end 21 will be within a defined distance from the flange 24 of the component 23 (not as shown).
  • the coupling can be completed in a matter of a minute or two.
  • the clamp or support can then be released and the anchor lowered or driven further into the hole which has been prepared for it. Any appropriate number of sections can be added. It is to be understood that the anchor can be fitted in any orientation and therefore references to lowering the anchor into the hole may be inappropriate where the anchor is fitted horizontally or upwardly.
  • tension can be applied to the inner bar 13 in a conventional manner. It is usual to grip the outer (proximal) end of the bar 13 and apply appropriate force to it and then to turn the nut 15 so as to engage on the member 18 to retain the bar 13 in tension.
  • the proximal inner bar section moves longitudinally with respect to the respective outer tube section, and the inner bar coupling 29 moves longitudinally with respect to the outer tube connecting assembly 20, 21, 23.
  • a cover 30 is finally fitted to enclose the bar end and nut 15.
  • the inner bar 13 is normally coated with a release agent over parts of its length between the couplings, so as to allow for elongation when tension is applied.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Tirant d'ancrage dans le sol comprenant une tige intérieure (13) et un tube extérieur (16) entourant la tige intérieure (13), ces deux pièces étant réalisées en au moins deux tronçons, les tronçons de tige intérieure (13) étant fixés l'un à l'autre par un accouplement fileté (29), avec lequel sont en prise des extrémités, filetées de façon correspondante, des tronçons respectifs de tige intérieure (13) et les tronçons de tube extérieur (16) étant reliés par une unité d'assemblage (20, 21, 23) du tube extérieur, qui comprend deux parties (21, 23) qui sont reliées aux tronçons respectifs de tube extérieur (16), et qui peuvent être interconnectées pour former un joint d'étanchéité entre les deux parties (21, 23) caractérisé en ce que les deux parties (21, 23) de l'unité d'assemblage (20, 21, 23) de tube extérieur sont une partie extérieure (21) et une partie intérieure (23), la partie intérieure (23) réalisant un ajustement glissant à l'intérieur de la partie extérieure (21), un moyen d'étanchéité (25) étant prévu pour étanchéifier le joint entre la surface interne de la partie extérieure (21) et la surface externe de la partie intérieure (23).
2. Tirant d'ancrage selon la revendication 1, dans lequel, lors de la mise en tension du tirant d'ancrage, la tension est appliquée à la tige intérieure (13), le tronçon de tige intérieure proximal se déplace longitudinalement par rapport au tronçon respectif de tube extérieur et l'accouplement de tige intérieure (29) se déplace longitudinalement par rapport à l'unité d'assemblage (20, 21, 23) de tube extérieur.
3. Tirant d'ancrage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la partie externe de l'unité d'assemblage (20, 21, 23) du tube extérieur comporte un manchon de liaison (21) qui s'étend au-delà de l'extrémité filtetée de son tronçon respectif de tige intérieure (13).
4. Tirant d'ancrage selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la partie extérieure (21) comporte également une bague (20) qui connecte le manchon de liaison (21) à son tronçon respectif de tube extérieur (16).
5. Tirant d'ancrage selon la revendication 4, dans lequel la bague (20) a une bride circonféren- cielle entre ses extrémités et dans lequel l'une des extrémités de la bague (20) s'étend dans le manchon de liaison (21) et l'autre des extrémités de la bague (20) s'étend dans ledit tronçon respectif du tube extérieur (16).
6. Tirant d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'accouplement (29) fileté est monté au préalable sur l'extrémité filetée du tronçon de tige (13), non placé, avant l'assemblage de l'accouplement, dans le manchon de liaison (21) du tube extérieur.
7. Tirant d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la partie externe (21) est garnie au préalable d'un matériau résistant à la corrosion.
8. Tirant d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le moyen d'étanchéité (25) comprend une ou plusieurs rainure(s) (25) s'étendant circonférencielle- ment dans la surface externe de la partie intérieure (23), destinée(s) à recevoir les bagues d'étanchéité.
9. Tirant d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les parties extérieure et intérieure (21, 23) de l'unité d'assemblage (20, 21, 23) reliant le tube extérieur sont fixées aux tronçons respectifs de tube extérieur (16) de façon à être protégées contre l'agression des matières corrosives.
10. Tirant d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les tubes extérieurs (16) sont des tubes nervurés de matière plastique.
11. Procédé de mise en place du tirant d'ancrage dans le sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 10, caractérisé par la fixation des tronçons de tige intérieure (13) les uns aux autres et la liaison des tronçons de tube extérieur (16) les uns aux autres, en insérant la partie intérieure (23) de l'unité d'assemblage (20,21,23) de tube extérieur dans la partie extérieure (21) de celle-ci, par la rotation de l'un des tronçons de tige intérieure (13) par rapport au tronçon suivant de tige intérieure (13) afin de venir en prise avec l'accouplement (29), la rotation étant continuée jusqu'à ce que le tronçon respectif de tige intérieure (13) soit vissé complètement à fond dans l'accouplement (29) et ensuite par la mise en tension du tirant d'ancrage, en appliquant la tension à la tige intérieure (13) et en déplaçant le tronçon proximal de tige intérieure longitudinalement par rapport au tronçon respectif de tube extérieur et l'accouplement (29) de tige intérieure longitudinalement par rapport à l'unité d'assemblage (20, 21, 23) de tube extérieur.
EP85309153A 1984-12-15 1985-12-16 Tirant d'ancrage dans le sol Expired EP0188890B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85309153T ATE43147T1 (de) 1984-12-15 1985-12-16 Zuganker im erdreich.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848431715A GB8431715D0 (en) 1984-12-15 1984-12-15 Ground anchors
GB8431715 1984-12-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0188890A1 EP0188890A1 (fr) 1986-07-30
EP0188890B1 true EP0188890B1 (fr) 1989-05-17

Family

ID=10571254

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85309153A Expired EP0188890B1 (fr) 1984-12-15 1985-12-16 Tirant d'ancrage dans le sol

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0188890B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE43147T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3570256D1 (fr)
GB (2) GB8431715D0 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2674555B1 (fr) * 1991-03-29 1996-06-07 Bouygues Sa Dispositif d'ancrage.
KR100436662B1 (ko) * 1996-10-21 2004-08-25 (주) 코리아에스이 어스앵커

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2003855C3 (de) * 1970-01-28 1975-09-18 Leonhard Moll Kg, 8000 Muenchen Verpreßanker zum Verankern von Bauwerksteilen im Baugrund
DE2019166A1 (de) * 1970-04-21 1971-11-11 Moll Kg Leonhard Injektionszuganker
DE2101236A1 (de) * 1971-01-12 1972-08-17 Bauer, Karlheinz, Dipl.-Ing. Dr.-Ing., 8898 Schrobenhausen Korrosionsgeschützter Zuganker zur Verankerung von Bauteilen im Erdreich sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zugverankerungen mit korrosionsgeschützten Zugankern
FR2141436B1 (fr) * 1971-06-02 1973-06-29 Sif Entreprise Bachy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8431715D0 (en) 1985-01-30
GB2169936A (en) 1986-07-23
GB2169936B (en) 1988-05-25
EP0188890A1 (fr) 1986-07-30
ATE43147T1 (de) 1989-06-15
GB8529727D0 (en) 1986-01-08
DE3570256D1 (en) 1989-06-22

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