Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
  • C08J7/04—Coating
  • C08J7/044—Forming conductive coatings; Forming coatings having anti-static properties
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
  • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
  • G03C1/85—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by antistatic additives or coatings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
  • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
  • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
  • B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
  • B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
  • C08J7/04—Coating
  • C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
  • C08J7/04—Coating
  • C08J7/043—Improving the adhesiveness of the coatings per se, e.g. forming primers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
  • C08J7/04—Coating
  • C08J7/046—Forming abrasion-resistant coatings; Forming surface-hardening coatings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
  • C08J7/12—Chemical modification
  • C08J7/123—Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
  • C08K5/19—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
  • C08K5/41—Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
  • C08K5/42—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2433/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2433/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2433/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2433/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
  • C08J2433/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
  • C08J2433/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
  • C08J2433/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S260/00—Chemistry of carbon compounds
  • Y10S260/21—Polymer chemically or physically modified to impart antistatic properties and methods of antistatic agent addition
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
  • Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
  • Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
  • Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/27—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.]
  • Y10T428/273—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.] of coating
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31507—Of polycarbonate
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
  • Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
  • Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
  • Y10T428/31913—Monoolefin polymer
  • Y10T428/3192—Next to vinyl or vinylidene chloride polymer
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
  • Y10T428/31938—Polymer of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a self-supporting stretch-oriented film made of thermoplastic material with a thin, continuous, antistatic coating on one side or on both sides and a method for producing this film.
• plastic films in particular biaxially stretch-oriented plastic films made of polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polyester, polystyrene and polycarbonate, has increased significantly in these areas.
• One of the problems with the use of these films is that they tend to become electrostatically charged on their surface as a result of the friction encountered in handling or processing, particularly in low humidity. This electrostatic charge not only attracts dirt such as dust and other particles, but also other foils.
• electrostatic charges can interfere with the mixing, sorting and development of microfiche cards or other transparent carriers and can cause these cards to stick together.
• Antistatic films have been developed to solve this problem.
• an antistatic coating is usually applied to the surface of the film.
• the coatings can often lead to blocking, ie the film provided with an antistatic layer has such a high coefficient of friction that individual film layers do not overlap or over rollers or other device parts slide over which the film runs during operation, but get caught on it.
• a third problem associated with the application of an antistatic coating is its ability to adhere permanently to the film surface, especially when the film is later printed or treated with coating compositions.
• GB-A-1 558 064 describes the use of certain quaternary ammonium salts in antistatic coatings for polyolefin film, for example made of polypropylene. These salts have the formula wherein A is a lower alkyl, R is an aliphatic radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, x and y are integers with the sum of 2 to 5 and X- is an anion. Aside from its effectiveness as an antistatic, this material described in GB-A-1 558 064 does not solve the problem of insufficient adhesion of additional coatings applied over the antistatic coating when used.
• the present invention was therefore based on the object of creating a plastic film with very good antistatic properties, which at the same time also has good sliding properties, i.e. which does not tend to block, and which is also characterized by very good transparency. Furthermore, a method for producing this film is to be specified, with which progressive improvements in the use of polyester films in the reprography sector can be achieved.
• the antistatic coating on the film is also said to be suitable as a primer and adhesion promoter layer for the application of further coatings, and the film waste produced in the production of films in the factory should be able to be attributed to the production process as regrind without problems.
• the quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) and the polymeric binder can be present in the mixture in proportions of about 10 to 80 percent by weight of QAS and about 90 to 20 percent by weight of polymeric binder, based on the total weight of the dry coating , in which the proportion of QAS is preferably about 25 to 75% by weight.
• Base films which are suitable for the present invention are, for example, films made of polyester, polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene, nylon (polyamide), polystyrene and polycarbonate. Films based on a crystallizable polyester from the polycondensation of a glycol, e.g. Ethylene glycol or butanediol or mixtures thereof, with terephthalic acid or mixtures of terephthalic acid and other dicarboxylic acids such as e.g. Isophthalic acid, diphenic acid and sebacic acid or their polyester-forming equivalents. Such polyesters are produced by known processes.
• the preferred base film is made of polyethylene terephthalate.
• the antistatic mass is a mixture of a quaternary ammonium salt compound with the formula mentioned and a polymeric binder.
• the substituent R can be the same or different throughout and is preferably a methyl or ethyl group.
• R ' is a residue of saturated acids with 14 to 18 C atoms, of monounsaturated acids or diunsaturated acids, such as those contained in animal fat (tallow), and
• X is a chlorine anion, a low molecular weight alkyl sulfate or a tosylate.
• the most preferred quaternary ammonium salt is N, N, N, N ', N'-pentamethyl-N'-Talgrest-trimethylene diammonium bis (methyl sulfate) having the formula
• Suitable polymeric binders are, for example, acrylic or methacrylic polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate, copolymers of methyl methacrylate with acrylates such as ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate and terpolymers of methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate and either acrylamide or methacrylamide or either N-methylolacrylamide or N-methylolmethacrylamide.
• the polymeric binder should be crosslinkable, which can be achieved by using up to about 10 mol% of a "self-crosslinking" multifunctional comonomer such as N-methylolacrylamide in the binder or by adding a suitable amount of a crosslinking agent such as a Melamine-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde condensate is added which is capable of reacting with a functional group contained in the polymer chain, such as, for example, amido, carboxyl, epoxy or hydroxyl group.
• a crosslinking agent such as a Melamine-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde condensate
• Suitable binders include vinyl acetate polymers such as polyvinyl acetate and copolymers based on vinyl acetate, copolymers containing polymerized vinylidene chloride, ie copolymers of Vi nylidene chloride, acrylic ester and itaconic acid as described in US-A-2,698,240, and vinyl aromatic polymers such as polystyrene and polymerized styrene-containing copolymers. Crosslinkable types of these substances can also be used.
• the binders preferred according to the invention are the crosslinkable acrylic polymers, in particular acrylic terpolymers based on about 39 to 70 mol% of methyl methacrylate, about 60 to 29 mol% of ethyl acrylate and about 1 to 10 mol% of acrylamide, methacrylamide or N-methylolacrylamide.
• the acrylic polymers offer the best balance between antistatic properties, good transparency, lubricity and the ability to recycle the film waste as regrind in the production process.
• the antistatic coating may contain about 15 to 75 percent by weight of the quaternary ammonium salt compound (QAS) and, accordingly, about 85 to 25 percent by weight of polymeric binder based on the total weight of the dry coating. This corresponds approximately to a range of the proportions of 3 to 1 part of QAS compound to 1 to 5 parts of polymeric binder. It has surprisingly been found that when using the acrylic binder, the polyester film already has good antistatic properties at a ratio of only 1 part of the QAS compound to 3.75 parts of binder, comparable to the properties which a film obtains when antistatic nitrates, as known from US-A-4 214 035, in a ratio of 3 parts nitrate to 1 part binder.
• QAS quaternary ammonium salt compound
• the preferred ratio of QAS compound / binder is about 25 to 75% by weight of QAS compound to about 75 to 25% by weight of binder.
• the antistatic coating according to the invention can be applied to the base film in the form of an aqueous dispersion with a solids content of about 0.5 to 15%, preferably of about 1 to 8%.
• the solids content is preferably such that a dry layer thickness of 2.54 nm to 254 nm results, based on the weight this corresponds to a solids content of 0.00305 g / m 2 to 0.305 g / m 2 .
• the dry coating preferably has a thickness in the range of about 2.54 nm to 76.2 nm.
• the antistatic coating can be applied to one or both sides of the film. It can also be applied to one side of the film, while on the opposite side there is another coating, for example a thermosetting acrylic or methacrylic coating, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,214,035.
• the coating batch can also contain other known additives such as wetting agents, surfactants, pH regulators, antioxidants, dyes, pigments, lubricants such as colloidal SiO 2 , and the like.
• additives or polymeric binders which lead to ion exchange reactions with the quaternary ammonium compound must be avoided.
• the antistatic coatings according to the invention surprisingly have excellent thermal stability.
• Waste material of a polyester film provided with a coating during the film production can be mixed with fresh polyester as regrind without problems, remelted, fed again to the film extruder and processed into stretch-oriented film.
• a film produced in this way with a content of up to 50% by weight of coated regrind (which contains a thermally stable binder, for example an acrylic polymer) is hardly measurable in terms of quality, color and appearance of a film which has not been produced using regrind.
• the film according to the invention with an (antistatic) coating can therefore give the film manufacturer a significant economic advantage Offer.
• Polyester films coated with the antistatic composition according to the invention which contain a crosslinkable acrylic polymer in a proportion of at least about 50% by weight, preferably at least 65% by weight, as a binder hold, are particularly suitable as carrier films for the production of light-sensitive reprographic films.
• an additional coating is applied to the surface of the antistatic coating on the polyester film surface and dried.
• the additional coating is a photosensitive mixture of a resin dissolved in an organic solvent as a binder, which contains or is impregnated with a photosensitive diazonium compound.
• Resins useful as binders for this purpose include cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate propionate, and vinyl polymers such as polyvinyl acetate.
• Suitable solvents include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and mixtures thereof.
• the antistatic coated film according to the invention is also an excellent base for applying matting coatings, which makes the film suitable as a drawing material.
• matting coatings can be based on a resin as a binder and finely divided particulate materials as a "grain agent", which are dissolved in an organic solvent.
• the binders can consist of the resins mentioned and of acrylic or methacrylic resins. The above can also be used as organic solvents named solvents can be used.
• Particulate materials include finely divided (less than 10 / um particle size) clays or Si0. 2
• the ingredients for the matting coatings may also contain other constituents, such as thickeners or dispersing aids.
• the antistatic coated film according to the invention can also be used as packaging or labeling material.
• the coated films show improved adhesion to printing inks compared to uncoated films.
• the film described in detail above can be produced by known methods and with known devices.
• a polyester melt is produced and extruded into an amorphous film on a polished rotating casting drum, where a pre-film is formed from the polymer.
• the film is then stretch-oriented, and in a monoaxially oriented film only in one direction, ie either in the direction of extrusion (lengthwise) or perpendicular to the direction of extrusion (crosswise), and in the case of a biaxially oriented film in two directions, that is to say both in the longitudinal and in the direction in the transverse direction.
• the first stretching step carried out on the amorphous pre-film can take place in one of the two directions running at right angles to one another.
• the amorphous pre is about 3.0 to 5.0 times the original dimensions film stretched in one or both directions.
• the degree of stretching is preferably approximately between 3.2 and 4.2 times the original dimensions.
• the temperatures range from the glass transition temperature to below the temperature at which the polymer softens and melts.
• Polyethylene terephthalate is e.g. heat treated at a temperature in the range of about 190 ° C to 240 ° C, preferably from about 215 ° C to 235 ° C.
• the treatment time is in the range of 2 to 40 s.
• the antistatic coating composition according to the invention in the form of an aqueous dispersion can in principle be applied to the film at any stage during film production, preferably it is applied in-line during one of the following two stages of film production: the stage preceding the stretching, ie between the casting of the amorphous film and the first stretching step, as described for example in GB-A-1 411 564, or the intermediate stretching stage, ie after the uniaxial, but before the biaxial stretching, for example according to US-A-4 214 035.
• the heat with which the Film is applied during stretching or the final conditioning stages sufficient to expel the water and other volatile constituents and to dry the coating.
• the coating can also be applied to the finished film. However, this application technique is less preferred because the adhesion of the coating to the film is then not as good as the adhesion that can be achieved when applied in-line.
• the coating is applied after uniaxial stretching, i.e. after stretching the film in one direction, but before stretching in the direction perpendicular to it.
• the polyester film is first stretched in the longitudinal direction before coating.
• the film is coated after longitudinal stretching using one of the known methods.
• the coating can e.g. with rollers, by spraying, with slot nozzles or by immersion.
• the polyester film is coated with engraving rollers.
• the uniaxially stretched film is preferably corona treated with a corona unloading device before coating. The corona treatment increases the polarity of the polyester film surface, which makes it easier for the water-based coating to wet the surface and thus improves the adhesion of the coating to the surface.
• the film according to the invention produced by the above process has excellent antistatic eggs properties, very good transparency and sliding properties, and there is the possibility of returning the film as regrind to the production process. At higher binder contents, good adhesion properties are also observed, which make the film suitable for the application of further coatings.
• An aqueous dispersion of the antistatic coating composition was prepared by making an aqueous dispersion of N, N, N, N ', N'-pentamethyl-N'-Talgrest-trimethylene diammonium bis (methyl sulfate) with a polymer latex based of a crosslinkable terpolymer of methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate and methacrylamide, which also contained a sufficient amount of a melamine / formaldehyde condensate to crosslink the polymer when exposed to heat.
• the components were mixed so that, based on the dry weight, a quaternary ammonium salt compound to polymer ratio of about 1.3: 1 was obtained.
• the dispersion was diluted with water to a solids content of 4% by weight.
• the elongated film was treated with a corona discharge device and then coated with the latex described above by gravure coating.
• the corona treated, elongated and coated film was dried at a temperature of about 100 ° C.
• the film was then stretched transversely in a ratio of 3.6: 1, so that a biaxially oriented film was obtained.
• the biaxially stretch oriented film was heat set at 230 ° C. These heat treatments led to the coating becoming cross-linked.
• the dry weight of the coating was about 0.035 g / m 2 with a thickness of the coating of about 25.4 nm and a thickness of the base film of about 75 / ⁇ m.
• the surface resistance of the film produced in Example 1 was evaluated at 50% relative atmospheric humidity using a Keithley Instruments (Model 610B) electrometer. The resistance can also be measured according to ASTM Test D 257-66. A control sample of uncoated approximately 75 / um thick biaxially stretch oriented, polyethylene terephthalate was also evaluated. The surface resistance of the film according to Example 1 be carried 2 x 109fl; the comparison sample had a surface resistance of more than 10 16 ⁇ .
• a surface resistance of less than 10 10 ⁇ characterizes a film with very good antistatic properties, whereas a surface resistance of more than 10 13 ⁇ is considered to be generally unacceptable.
• the preferred surface resistances achieved in accordance with this invention are at most about 10 11 ⁇ .
• Example 2 Twenty-three films with an (antistatic) coating were produced as in Example 1, with the difference that the respective solids contents for each component of the coating were adjusted so that they were within the range from about 1.3: 1 to about 1: 3, 75 different ratios of quaternary ammonium salt compound (designated Q in the table) to acrylic polymer (designated A in the table) gave. In addition, the solids content of the coating mixture was adjusted so that different coating thicknesses resulted.
• Examples 25 to 28 instead of the quaternary ammonium compound from Example 1, stearamidopropyldimethyl-beta-hydroxyethyl-ammonium nitrate (designated N in the table) in a ratio of 3: 1, based on the dry weight, was used.
• N in the table stearamidopropyldimethyl-beta-hydroxyethyl-ammonium nitrate
• the inventive coating of the polyester film gives excellent antistatic properties, the degree of increase of which depends on the coating thickness and the ratio between the components in the coating.
• Examples 25 to 28 show that very high contents of the antistatic from the prior art and very large coating thicknesses are required if results are to be achieved which are comparable with the results for the films produced according to the invention.
• the table also shows the adhesive properties of the coatings according to the invention in comparison with a film without a coating (comparison) and the film from the prior art (Examples 25 to 28).
• the adhesion test was solved with a simulated reprographic lacquer made from 9 parts by weight of cellulose acetobutyrate ("20-second" quality) in a mixture of 88 parts by weight of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and 3 parts by weight of methyl ethyl ketone with the addition of rhodamine B as a dye ( 3 parts by weight of a 1% rhodamine B in n-butanol).
• the varnish was applied to the antistatic surface of each film examined with a wire-wound rod (Mayer Rod No.
• Results with 95% liability or less apply according to com general standards as unacceptable. Results between 95% and less than 100% are considered reasonably acceptable, while for a commercially acceptable film results of 100% are the desired standard.

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• 1984
  • 1984-12-18 US US06/683,435 patent/US4642263A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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