EP0187877A1 - Traitement de graines oléagineuses - Google Patents

Traitement de graines oléagineuses Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0187877A1
EP0187877A1 EP85100266A EP85100266A EP0187877A1 EP 0187877 A1 EP0187877 A1 EP 0187877A1 EP 85100266 A EP85100266 A EP 85100266A EP 85100266 A EP85100266 A EP 85100266A EP 0187877 A1 EP0187877 A1 EP 0187877A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
processing
solid
extraction
seeds
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85100266A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0187877B1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Dr. Elstner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fried Krupp AG
Original Assignee
Fried Krupp AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fried Krupp AG filed Critical Fried Krupp AG
Priority to DE8585100266T priority Critical patent/DE3563539D1/de
Priority to EP19850100266 priority patent/EP0187877B1/fr
Publication of EP0187877A1 publication Critical patent/EP0187877A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0187877B1 publication Critical patent/EP0187877B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02—Pretreatment
    • C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing oilseeds by conditioning the oilseeds, separating and processing the oil and desolventing the solid.
  • oil seeds with a high oil content such as rapeseed, linseed, safflower, sunflower seeds or soybeans
  • the oil seeds are first subjected to a pre-pressing and then to a solvent extraction.
  • the seeds are preconditioned, flocculated and then heated in conditioners over a period of less than 5 minutes with the addition of steam to over 80 ° C. (DE-AS 23 13 224). Without preliminary heating, with most oilseeds, satisfactory and economically viable oil production is not possible, even when extremely high pressures are used, even under the most favorable conditions.
  • the remaining oil is washed out of the press cake with a suitable solvent, usually hexane. It is then freed of hexane in evaporators and refined to edible oil by degumming, deacidification and other known treatment steps.
  • a suitable solvent usually hexane. It is then freed of hexane in evaporators and refined to edible oil by degumming, deacidification and other known treatment steps.
  • the solid is usually freed from solvent in toasters by heating and introducing steam. This treatment does not result in a very high-quality meal, and this is due to the low solubility of the proteins and the seed components associated with the proteins by reactions such as B. phenolic acids can only be used to a limited extent for human consumption.
  • Oilseeds with a lower oil content, e.g. B. soybeans are usually not pressed, but extracted directly. To do this, they are also preconditioned and flocculated. However, enzymes are not inactivated. In soybeans, this only occurs through toasting after extraction and desolventization.
  • the procedure described first consisting of conditioning, pressing, extracting and processing, is essentially aimed at the smooth processing of the seeds, but not at the quality of the individual products.
  • the heat treatment of the digested seeds leads to oxidative changes in the oil despite the increasing inactivation of the enzymes, in particular the lipoxygenase.
  • the myrosinase enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of glucosinolates. These degradation products are then partly found as sulfur-containing components in the extraction oil, where they are undesirable because of their property of blocking catalysts, especially when hydrogenating the oil.
  • the phytic acid are of particular importance.
  • the plant cells are only opened up in the screw press.
  • This can prevent the atmospheric oxygen from oxidizing the sensitive oils.
  • the press oil is known for. B. from a particularly low peroxide number.
  • the extraction oil also has an improved quality compared to those oils which are obtained by the known processes.
  • the time span in which reactions between oil and other reaction partners can take place is significantly reduced compared to conventional processing methods with separate conditioning, on the other hand, enzymatically catalyzed reactions are excluded.
  • This also has another significant advantage.
  • the structure of the phosphatides is retained to a greater extent, so that predominantly hydratable phosphatides are obtained with the extraction oil.
  • This new procedure for de-oiling means that the various seed components can react with each other or with substances coming from outside, such as e.g. B. oxygen or water to a minimum. So In the end, an oil-free solid is obtained which, when carefully desolvented, for example by means of superheated hexane gas, contains a high proportion of soluble proteins and has undergone only minimal negative changes. Such a solid can advantageously be used as feed or used to obtain the vegetable proteins for human consumption.
  • the rapeseed is conveyed directly into an apparatus in which sufficient heat treatment of the intact seeds is possible.
  • This can preferably be a fluidized bed apparatus.
  • drum conditioners are also suitable, as they have been used up to now to condition the rolled seeds.
  • the heat treatment is usually sufficient if it is carried out at 80 to 120 ° C for 5 to 45 minutes.
  • part of the oil is pressed from the seeds in a press.
  • the press oil obtained in this way is of excellent quality, as shown in Table 1 below.
  • the press cake is then possibly crushed and fed into the extraction. There, the remaining oil is washed out to a level below 5% using hexane.
  • the extraction oil obtained after evaporation of the hexane has significantly lower oxidation and hydrolysis damage than the oils obtained by conventional processes, as shown in Table 2.
  • the solid After extraction, the solid is desolvented, where it is preferably freed from the solvent in a fluidized bed which is generated by means of superheated hexane gas.
  • the denaturation of the seed proteins remains minimal and the solvent-free meal can be used for further processing, for example for protein extraction.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
EP19850100266 1985-01-12 1985-01-12 Traitement de graines oléagineuses Expired EP0187877B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8585100266T DE3563539D1 (en) 1985-01-12 1985-01-12 Working-up of oil seeds
EP19850100266 EP0187877B1 (fr) 1985-01-12 1985-01-12 Traitement de graines oléagineuses

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19850100266 EP0187877B1 (fr) 1985-01-12 1985-01-12 Traitement de graines oléagineuses

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0187877A1 true EP0187877A1 (fr) 1986-07-23
EP0187877B1 EP0187877B1 (fr) 1988-06-29

Family

ID=8193225

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850100266 Expired EP0187877B1 (fr) 1985-01-12 1985-01-12 Traitement de graines oléagineuses

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0187877B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3563539D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994021762A1 (fr) * 1993-03-17 1994-09-29 Unilever N.V. Procede d'elimination des phospholipides presents dans de l'huile glyceridique
US6376689B1 (en) 1999-09-02 2002-04-23 Cargill, Incorporated Removal of gum and chlorophyll-type compounds from vegetable oils
CN110776995A (zh) * 2019-12-04 2020-02-11 新晃县华森科技有限责任公司 一种山吊瓜油生产加工方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022129942A1 (de) 2022-11-11 2024-05-16 Sabine Popp Verfahren zur Enzyminaktivierung von Saaten

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1917341A1 (de) * 1969-04-03 1970-10-22 Vnii Zirov Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Baumwollsaatoel
FR2032281A1 (fr) * 1968-11-29 1970-11-27 Canadian Patents Dev
DE2335385A1 (de) * 1973-07-12 1975-02-13 Krupp Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur oelgewinnung aus gereinigten oelfruechten
FR2324714A1 (fr) * 1975-09-19 1977-04-15 Stork Amsterdam Procede et appareil d'extraction d'huiles et de graisses contenues dans des produits vegetaux
FR2390909A1 (fr) * 1977-05-17 1978-12-15 Akzo Nv Procede de preparation de gruaux de soja
EP0017809A1 (fr) * 1979-04-18 1980-10-29 Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Presse filtrante à vis et procédé pour l'extraction d'huile à partir de fruits et de graines oléagineux utilisant cette presse

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2032281A1 (fr) * 1968-11-29 1970-11-27 Canadian Patents Dev
DE1917341A1 (de) * 1969-04-03 1970-10-22 Vnii Zirov Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Baumwollsaatoel
DE2335385A1 (de) * 1973-07-12 1975-02-13 Krupp Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur oelgewinnung aus gereinigten oelfruechten
FR2324714A1 (fr) * 1975-09-19 1977-04-15 Stork Amsterdam Procede et appareil d'extraction d'huiles et de graisses contenues dans des produits vegetaux
FR2390909A1 (fr) * 1977-05-17 1978-12-15 Akzo Nv Procede de preparation de gruaux de soja
EP0017809A1 (fr) * 1979-04-18 1980-10-29 Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Presse filtrante à vis et procédé pour l'extraction d'huile à partir de fruits et de graines oléagineux utilisant cette presse

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994021762A1 (fr) * 1993-03-17 1994-09-29 Unilever N.V. Procede d'elimination des phospholipides presents dans de l'huile glyceridique
US6376689B1 (en) 1999-09-02 2002-04-23 Cargill, Incorporated Removal of gum and chlorophyll-type compounds from vegetable oils
CN110776995A (zh) * 2019-12-04 2020-02-11 新晃县华森科技有限责任公司 一种山吊瓜油生产加工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0187877B1 (fr) 1988-06-29
DE3563539D1 (en) 1988-08-04

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