EP0183679A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de lingots et de pièces coulées - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de lingots et de pièces coulées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0183679A2
EP0183679A2 EP85890289A EP85890289A EP0183679A2 EP 0183679 A2 EP0183679 A2 EP 0183679A2 EP 85890289 A EP85890289 A EP 85890289A EP 85890289 A EP85890289 A EP 85890289A EP 0183679 A2 EP0183679 A2 EP 0183679A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casting
mold
block
demolded
optionally
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85890289A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0183679B1 (fr
EP0183679A3 (en
Inventor
Kurt Schwarz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boehler GmbH
Original Assignee
Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
Boehler GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG, Boehler GmbH filed Critical Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
Publication of EP0183679A2 publication Critical patent/EP0183679A2/fr
Publication of EP0183679A3 publication Critical patent/EP0183679A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0183679B1 publication Critical patent/EP0183679B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
    • B22D7/08—Divided ingot moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing block and molded castings from a higher-melting alloy and an apparatus for performing the method.
  • alloys represent a solution of various elements or compounds in one another. Depending on the temperature of the melt, undissolved or separated solids may already be present.
  • the property of a solidified alloy is not based solely on its chemical composition, but - as is well known - on the one hand on the modification, in particular crystal modification and also the size of the individual crystals present in the structure.
  • a structure is desired which is as fine-grained as possible and which has the most uniform possible distribution of the chemical elements or compounds over the entire block. However, this requirement cannot be met due to the existence of a solution that freezes.
  • Another known method for producing, in particular large blocks is that the melt is introduced into a mold, whereupon liquid slag is poured onto the partially solidified melt, heat and / or melt then being supplied to the block via a melting or non-melting electrode , so that a substantial increase in quality can be obtained while essentially avoiding a head void.
  • the energy requirement is considerably lower than in the electroslag remelting process, but since the block as a whole is in a mold during solidification, the time it takes for the mold to be formed and the time in which the block is formed, even if with different amounts of energy to be supplied, is still disproportionately long.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing block and molded castings which have a structure that is as uniform as possible. Furthermore, the method is intended to permit the solidification direction of the block deflected horizontally but not exclusively in the vertical direction ', that is, the solidification should take place not only on nevertheless side surfaces of the block to the edge of the interior.
  • a melt of a higher melting alloy in particular an iron, nickel, cobalt or the like base alloy
  • the casting in the falling, preferably rising, casting in at least one fixed multi-part mold, optionally with Bottom plate, preferably cast with a hood, and whereupon the casting is demolded at the casting location, consists essentially in the fact that the casting is demolded in at least two steps in the partially solidified state, whereby in a first step with the casting skin already solidified and the liquid core in the lower region of this region, in particular the base of the casting, is completely removed from the mold, and a remaining part, at least the head part of the casting, remains in a part of the mold, optionally with the hood attached.
  • Multi-part molds have become known, for example, from US Pat. No. 2,110,063, the base part of the mold having a greater heat capacity than the other parts of the mold; if the heat released during solidification is taken into account, it can be seen that this has different heat absorption capacities the different mass of the mold parts can only be of minor importance.
  • this patent relates to a specific process for demolding cast parts, the block which has already completely solidified being removed by lifting off the upper mold part together with the casting when the lower part of the mold is stationary, whereupon the upper mold part including the block is moved, and by fitting the block the remaining demolding is carried out on a base plate.
  • the demolded part of the casting is acted upon by a cooling medium, in particular an air jet, to which water is optionally added.
  • This measure is particularly advantageous when particularly large blocks are cast and / or a particularly strongly overheated melt has to be used, so that the existence of the block skin is reliably ensured, the cooling capacity being precisely regulated by the flow rate or the amount of water to be mixed can be.
  • a method which is particularly simple to carry out and which at the same time is highly efficient is when the upper part (s) of the mold is raised with the casting fixed and the lower part (s) is / are removed from the casting. This procedure allows the method according to the invention to be carried out with particularly little effort, with only a minimal outlay on equipment being guaranteed.
  • the shape, in particular the mold, for carrying out the method according to the invention with at least two parts and optionally a hood, the parts being stackable, and at least the upper part having handles for lifting means consists essentially in that at least the lower part consists of segments is formed, which at least partially protrude over the segments fitting elements, in particular locating pins, which cooperate with corresponding fitting recesses in the other segment, and can be pushed on the base plate, in particular can be pressed against one another, for example, via spindles, toothed racks or the like permits the D L p ch Insert of the method according to the invention in a particularly eir acher and efficient manner, since it can be removed from the mold immediately after the Guk quickly and without high costs, since no separate guides od. like. fault-prone elements must be provided.
  • the lowermost segments rest on a cooled, in particular water-cooled, base plate.
  • a mold 2 On a base plate 1, which has coolant channels, a mold 2 is arranged, which has lower segments 3, which are displaceable on the base plate via the racks 4 and cranks 5.
  • the segments have dowel pins 6 and corresponding recesses 7.
  • the upper part 8 of the mold sits on the segments 3, which has handles 9 for a rope 10 which is held taut via a crane hook 11 or which serves to raise the upper part of the mold.
  • the casting is now carried out in such a way that the melt is introduced into the mold as it rises over the base plate.
  • the segments of the mold had the same height as the upper part of the mold.
  • the second mold was a conventional undivided mold.
  • the thickness of the block skin was 5 cm. After two hours, both blocks were completely frozen. After cooling to room temperature, the blocks were divided lengthways.
  • the Baumann fume cupboard produced showed a uniform sulfur distribution in the block according to the invention, whereas in the block produced by the conventional methods, stronger segregations occurred in the center.
  • the distance of the dendrite branches was 400 t 83 ⁇ at the edge of the block according to the invention and 264 1 98 / u in the center, whereas the dendrite branch distance at the edge was 200 ⁇ 50 ⁇ at the edge of the block not according to the invention, in the middle the distance was so short that no measurement could be made.
  • the distance between the dendrite branches is a measure of the cooling rate, in such a way that the greater the distance between the dendrite branches, the greater the rate of solidification.
  • the angle which the dendrites included with the horizontal was up to 30 ° in the block produced according to the invention.
  • the direction of the dendrites indicates the direction of solidification and it can be seen from this that the direction of solidification in the block produced according to the invention is oriented much more vertically than in the conventional method, which results in better solidification from the bottom up.
  • both at the edge and in the center of both blocks namely at the edge at the center of the block, the distances of the dendrite branches, or the angle, which included the dendrites with the horizontal, were measured.
  • the distance, the dendrite branches at the edge was 205.8 ⁇ 56 ⁇ and in the center 188.36 ⁇ 51 ⁇ ; the angle at the edge was 27 °.
  • the distance, the dendrite branches at the edge 150 ⁇ 50 / u and in the block center the distance was not measurable.
  • the angle of the marginal dendrites was 20 °.
  • the solidification in the block produced according to the invention was oriented more in the vertical direction than in that of the conventional method, and at the same time there was a higher directional solidification speed.
  • the angle that the dendrites made with the horizontal at the outer third of the block was 27 °.
  • the distance of the dendrite branches in the edge was 176.20 ⁇ 49 ⁇ , whereas in the center the distance of the dendrite branches could not be measured due to the high branching.
  • the angle that the dendrites made with the horizontal was 18 °.
  • the Baumann deduction clearly showed that the block according to the invention has a much more uniform sulfur distribution.
  • the pan was tapped at a temperature in the oven of 1520 ° C. At a melt temperature of 1430 0 was poured into two molds. The ratio of Height to width was 2.5: 1. The constant C corresponds to a value of 23 mm / ⁇ min for nickel-based alloys.
  • the lower half of the block to be produced by the method according to the invention was removed from the mold after 5 minutes. After 1.5 hours, both blocks had solidified and were split lengthways.
  • the angle which the dendrites included with the horizontal in the block according to the invention was 31 °, whereas the corresponding angle in the block not produced according to the invention was 17 °.
  • a solidification of the block from bottom to top was much more necessary than in the case of a block not produced according to the invention.
  • the block solidifies essentially from the bottom upwards during solidification, impurities can be shifted upwards via a crystallization front, thus enriching a high proportion of undesirable impurities in the block head. It is essential that the block does not solidify convexly, i.e. possibly closes at the crest or solidifies "bottle-shaped", since in this case the impurities are concentrated in the center of the block.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
EP19850890289 1984-11-29 1985-11-27 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de lingots et de pièces coulées Expired EP0183679B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT378284A AT395389B (de) 1984-11-29 1984-11-29 Verfahren zur herstellung von block- und formgussstuecken sowie vorrichtung zur herstellung derselben
AT3782/84 1984-11-29

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0183679A2 true EP0183679A2 (fr) 1986-06-04
EP0183679A3 EP0183679A3 (en) 1987-08-12
EP0183679B1 EP0183679B1 (fr) 1989-09-20

Family

ID=3555356

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850890289 Expired EP0183679B1 (fr) 1984-11-29 1985-11-27 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de lingots et de pièces coulées

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0183679B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT395389B (fr)
DE (1) DE3573083D1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2503521C1 (ru) * 2011-11-14 2014-01-10 Государственное научное учреждение "Институт технологии металлов Национальной академии наук Беларуси" (ГНУ "ИТМ НАН Беларуси") Способ литья заготовок
CN113430470A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-09-24 中航上大高温合金材料股份有限公司 一种低合金超高强度钢的制造方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109732066B (zh) * 2019-01-03 2021-05-07 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 锥销式金属锭自动脱模脱销设备及方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2065969A (en) * 1936-07-18 1936-12-29 Septimus H Griffiths Combined metal mold for casting and stripping ingots
US2110063A (en) * 1936-11-09 1938-03-01 Septimus H Griffiths Metal mold for casting ingots
FR1037319A (fr) * 1950-11-10 1953-09-16 Bochumer Ver Fu R Gussstahlfab Lingotière et procédé pour la production de lingots d'acier
DE1508839A1 (de) * 1966-06-01 1970-01-15 Edelstahlwerk Reckhammer Gmbh Verfahren zur Erzielung dichter und seigerungsarmer Gussstuecke in liegenden Formen

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE855151C (de) * 1950-11-11 1954-04-08 Gussstahlwerk Bochumer Ver Ag Giessform und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stahlbloecken
DE1956126C3 (de) * 1968-02-06 1979-01-18 Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke Ag (Vew), Wien Niederlassung Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke Ag (Vew) Verkaufsniederlassung Buederich, 4005 Meerbusch Metallen, insbesondere aus Stählen bestehenden Blöcken mit sich ändernden Querschnitten
AT295061B (de) * 1969-09-18 1971-12-27 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zum Elektroschlackenumschmelzen von Metallen, insbesondere von Stählen
GB1407469A (en) * 1972-11-10 1975-09-24 British Steel Corp Ingot casting moulds
DE2827091A1 (de) * 1978-06-21 1980-01-10 Seybold Rolf Prof Dr Ing Standkokillen fuer brammen und bloecke

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2065969A (en) * 1936-07-18 1936-12-29 Septimus H Griffiths Combined metal mold for casting and stripping ingots
US2110063A (en) * 1936-11-09 1938-03-01 Septimus H Griffiths Metal mold for casting ingots
FR1037319A (fr) * 1950-11-10 1953-09-16 Bochumer Ver Fu R Gussstahlfab Lingotière et procédé pour la production de lingots d'acier
DE1508839A1 (de) * 1966-06-01 1970-01-15 Edelstahlwerk Reckhammer Gmbh Verfahren zur Erzielung dichter und seigerungsarmer Gussstuecke in liegenden Formen

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2503521C1 (ru) * 2011-11-14 2014-01-10 Государственное научное учреждение "Институт технологии металлов Национальной академии наук Беларуси" (ГНУ "ИТМ НАН Беларуси") Способ литья заготовок
CN113430470A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-09-24 中航上大高温合金材料股份有限公司 一种低合金超高强度钢的制造方法
CN113430470B (zh) * 2021-04-28 2022-04-19 中航上大高温合金材料股份有限公司 一种低合金超高强度钢的制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0183679B1 (fr) 1989-09-20
AT395389B (de) 1992-12-10
DE3573083D1 (en) 1989-10-26
EP0183679A3 (en) 1987-08-12

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