EP0182734A1 - Nagel - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0182734A1
EP0182734A1 EP85630193A EP85630193A EP0182734A1 EP 0182734 A1 EP0182734 A1 EP 0182734A1 EP 85630193 A EP85630193 A EP 85630193A EP 85630193 A EP85630193 A EP 85630193A EP 0182734 A1 EP0182734 A1 EP 0182734A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nail
web
driving
flanks
rock
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85630193A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rudolf Gruber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LENOIR ET MERNIER Sarl
Original Assignee
LENOIR ET MERNIER Sarl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LENOIR ET MERNIER Sarl filed Critical LENOIR ET MERNIER Sarl
Publication of EP0182734A1 publication Critical patent/EP0182734A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/004—Bolts held in the borehole by friction all along their length, without additional fixing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nail for driving into anchor holes predrilled in rock or rock, which is radially elastically deformable and at least in one dimension has a thickness that exceeds the diameter of the anchor hole.
  • Tubes which can be inserted into predrilled holes and are essentially made of a radially elastic tube with an axially extending slot are known (cf. AT-PS 267 978 and DE-PS 2 405 883).
  • the well-known, slotted pipes which are used in particular as rock bolts and which in principle correspond to the clamping sleeves with a straight or angled slot used in mechanical engineering and rolled from spring steel, have the following disadvantages:
  • the open, slotted, relatively thin-walled pipes already fail when they are driven in Pipe ends and, due to the open slot, either fold up or accordion-like.
  • the pipe edges at the slot press into the partly soft mountains.
  • the adhesive contact only exists at three points, since the slotted tube compresses more easily in the direction of slit reduction than is deformed evenly radially. Since boreholes in the rock are very rarely exactly circular, the contact areas between the pipe and the borehole wall are additionally reduced in these known pipe anchors.
  • the invention aims to avoid the disadvantages mentioned.
  • the nail of the type mentioned essentially consists of a web and two approximately semicircular flanks adjoining it symmetrically to the center line of the web, resulting in a continuous S-profile.
  • a major advantage of the nail according to the invention is that its profile, due to the stiffening effect of the central web, opposes shear movements of the mountains with much greater resistance than a simple tube, which is also still weakened by the longitudinal slot.
  • the S profile of the nail which significantly increases its transverse rigidity, also enables a correspondingly higher load capacity due to the increased steel cross section.
  • the s-shaped profile with the cross bar and the semicircular flanks allows due to its significantly increased rigidity to choose thicker wall thicknesses, which in turn result in significantly higher load bearing capacity and, above all, greater shear forces.
  • the nails according to the invention can also be used for very large boreholes, as are often produced today by modern, high-performance drilling machines.
  • the well-known, slotted pipe anchors were not up to the required enormous driving impact forces.
  • the nail according to the invention only needs to be driven into a borehole and can immediately, due to the tension in the anchor itself, connect by friction between the F elsnagel and the borehole wall over the entire length of the nail rock layers and record an outside to be mounted armature plate immediately loads. Due to the crossbar, which stiffens the nail enormously, the nail according to the invention can be driven into the borehole without damage, even with the heaviest hydraulic impact hammers.
  • the radius of curvature of the flanks of the nail is preferably approximately the same as the radium of the anchor hole.
  • This embodiment is particularly easy to manufacture.
  • the different diameters of this profile ensure optimum contact between the nail and the borehole when the nail is driven in, i.e. when it is pressed together forcefully and thus when it clings to the borehole wall.
  • the web consists of two oppositely curved parts, as a result of which it has an S-profile-like cross section.
  • the nail can be compressed in any direction transversely to the longitudinal axis, as a result of which the nail is pressed evenly along its circumference against the borehole wall.
  • the rock nail has a preferably cylindrical thickening in the middle of the web, which may protrude above the rock nail at the driving end and has a thread there.
  • the thickening gives the nail a higher stiffness, which is advantageous when driving the nail into the borehole.
  • an anchor plate or the like can be easily attached to the nail.
  • the thread provides additional fastening options, such as hanging cables, weather bells, etc.
  • the nail is preferably tapered conically at the end opposite the driving end. This makes driving the nail into the anchor hole considerably easier.
  • flanks are bent outwards at the driving-in end to form a flange and are preferably folded one or more times, or if the driving-in end is bulged into a bead.
  • the nail is reinforced at its driving-in end and withstands very heavy ramming when driving in.
  • a steel ring is placed on the flange or bead for widening and fixed by welding. This widens the area, which means that e.g. Anchor plates easier and their secure hold is guaranteed.
  • An anchor plate can also be placed and welded directly onto the flange or bead.
  • the web is preferably slotted at the end on the driving side and the two parts of the web adjoining the slot are bent to the opposite flanks and bent, folded and / or upset together with them.
  • the end on the driving side is particularly robust and the transmission of the ramming impacts is also ensured on the web.
  • the connection of the transverse web placed at the end to the flanks does not reduce the load-bearing cross section of the profile, especially since these ends are also flanged and firmly connected to the steel disk or to the anchor plate.
  • FIG. 1 shows a nail according to the invention in elevation
  • Fig. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 another Embodiment of the nail according to the invention in cross section
  • FIG. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 shows a section through a nail according to FIGS. 1 and 2 after insertion into a borehole.
  • the high-strength steel nail 1 consists of a flat web 2 and two adjoining flanks 3, so that an S profile results.
  • the radius of curvature of the flanks 3 corresponds to the radius of the anchor hole, the width of the web 2 to the diameter of the anchor hole into which the nail is to be driven.
  • the thickness of the nail transverse to the web is about 10% larger than the diameter of the anchor hole.
  • the nail has a conical taper 4 at the end opposite the end on the driving side.
  • flanks are bent outwards and folded to form a flange 6.
  • a steel ring 7 is placed on the flange 6, which is fixed by welding.
  • the nail 1 can be easily driven into the borehole using a suitable impact device.
  • the nail 8 shown in Figures 3 and 4 has a web 9, which consists of two oppositely curved parts; this gives the web an S-profile-like appearance Cross-section.
  • the web 9 has a cylindrical thickening 10 in the middle for reinforcing the nail 8.
  • the thickening 10 protrudes beyond the driving-in end of the nail and is provided with a thread 11.
  • an annular nut is screwed onto the threaded projecting part of the thickening, which can serve to hold various objects.
  • the embodiment with a flat web according to FIGS. 1 and 2 can also be provided with a thickening in the middle.
  • the web 'with S-profile-like cross-section without performing central thickening.
  • Fig. 5 shows the nail according to the invention after being driven into a preformed bore 13 e.g. in ridge 14 of a tunnel.
  • the flanks 3 of the nail were pressed together while narrowing the gaps 5, since the diameter of the bore 13 is smaller than the thickness of the nail transverse to the web 2 before the nail was driven in.
  • the outer diameter of the nail corresponds to the diameter of the bore 13.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
EP85630193A 1984-11-19 1985-11-18 Nagel Withdrawn EP0182734A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT3658/84 1984-11-19
AT365884A AT384277B (de) 1984-11-19 1984-11-19 Nagel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0182734A1 true EP0182734A1 (de) 1986-05-28

Family

ID=3553561

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85630193A Withdrawn EP0182734A1 (de) 1984-11-19 1985-11-18 Nagel
EP19850890286 Expired - Lifetime EP0182777B1 (de) 1984-11-19 1985-11-19 Nagel

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850890286 Expired - Lifetime EP0182777B1 (de) 1984-11-19 1985-11-19 Nagel

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0182734A1 (es)
JP (1) JPS61162700A (es)
AT (1) AT384277B (es)
DE (2) DE8532716U1 (es)
ES (1) ES290841Y (es)
LU (1) LU86168A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT387429B (de) * 1986-04-09 1989-01-25 Gd Anker Gmbh & Co Kg Gebirgsanker
US5192169A (en) * 1991-11-12 1993-03-09 Simmons-Rand Company Friction rock stabilizer
DE19734518A1 (de) * 1997-08-08 1999-02-11 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Spreiznagel

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT267978B (de) * 1964-11-30 1969-01-27 Dragutin Gregorovic Halter für Rohre, Heizkörper, Regale u.dgl.
DE2405883A1 (de) * 1973-02-09 1974-08-15 James J Scott Vorrichtung und verfahren zum stabilisieren von gestein
DE2741106A1 (de) * 1977-09-13 1979-03-22 James J Scott Felsanker
DE3107718A1 (de) * 1980-03-28 1981-12-24 Gerald Wayne Prescott Ariz. Elders Haltestift
DE3111673A1 (de) * 1980-03-28 1982-05-19 Richard Winston Kenmare Krugersdorp Transvaal Thom Verankerung
EP0016742B1 (en) * 1979-03-09 1984-06-13 Atlas Copco Aktiebolag Method of rock bolting and tube-formed expansion bolt
WO1984002375A1 (en) * 1982-12-11 1984-06-21 Hoelter Heinz Device for anchoring rocks

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT267978B (de) * 1964-11-30 1969-01-27 Dragutin Gregorovic Halter für Rohre, Heizkörper, Regale u.dgl.
DE2405883A1 (de) * 1973-02-09 1974-08-15 James J Scott Vorrichtung und verfahren zum stabilisieren von gestein
DE2741106A1 (de) * 1977-09-13 1979-03-22 James J Scott Felsanker
EP0016742B1 (en) * 1979-03-09 1984-06-13 Atlas Copco Aktiebolag Method of rock bolting and tube-formed expansion bolt
DE3107718A1 (de) * 1980-03-28 1981-12-24 Gerald Wayne Prescott Ariz. Elders Haltestift
DE3111673A1 (de) * 1980-03-28 1982-05-19 Richard Winston Kenmare Krugersdorp Transvaal Thom Verankerung
WO1984002375A1 (en) * 1982-12-11 1984-06-21 Hoelter Heinz Device for anchoring rocks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3579118D1 (de) 1990-09-13
AT384277B (de) 1987-10-27
EP0182777B1 (de) 1990-08-08
DE8532716U1 (de) 1986-02-13
EP0182777A1 (de) 1986-05-28
ES290841Y (es) 1987-06-16
ATA365884A (de) 1987-03-15
JPS61162700A (ja) 1986-07-23
LU86168A1 (de) 1986-03-24
ES290841U (es) 1986-10-16

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Inventor name: GRUBER, RUDOLF