EP0173851B1 - Intensificateur d'image électronique à vide pour dispositifs de diagnostic par rayons X - Google Patents

Intensificateur d'image électronique à vide pour dispositifs de diagnostic par rayons X Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0173851B1
EP0173851B1 EP85109389A EP85109389A EP0173851B1 EP 0173851 B1 EP0173851 B1 EP 0173851B1 EP 85109389 A EP85109389 A EP 85109389A EP 85109389 A EP85109389 A EP 85109389A EP 0173851 B1 EP0173851 B1 EP 0173851B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
image intensifier
plate
vacuum
output
electronic vacuum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85109389A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0173851A1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Beierlein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0173851A1 publication Critical patent/EP0173851A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0173851B1 publication Critical patent/EP0173851B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/86—Vessels; Containers; Vacuum locks
    • H01J29/89—Optical or photographic arrangements structurally combined or co-operating with the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/86—Vessels; Containers; Vacuum locks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2229/00—Details of cathode ray tubes or electron beam tubes
    • H01J2229/89—Optical components associated with the vessel
    • H01J2229/8901—Fixing of optical components to the vessel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to electronic vacuum image intensifiers for devices for diagnosis with X-rays according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a device is described in EP-A-0 087 674.
  • X-ray diagnostic devices known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,622,786, which comprise an x-ray image intensifier, to which a lens, for example an x-ray television chain, is connected, are a series of separately constructed sub-devices, i. H. an image intensifier to which a separate lens is assigned.
  • an image intensifier to which a separate lens is assigned.
  • distances remain between the areas over which the output image is transmitted. This leads to reflections at the optical interfaces and especially in the support of the exit light screen of the image intensifier.
  • Such reflections and the resulting scattered light on the one hand worsen the contrast, on the other hand undesirably increase the background of the image and thus reduce the image quality.
  • DE-A-2 423935 describes an X-ray image intensifier in which the output window carrying the fluorescent screen is inserted into a metallic frame connected to the anode.
  • a structure does not enable the subsequent component of the X-ray diagnostic device to be coupled as tightly as possible, since the full high voltage is applied to the frame and thus sufficient high-voltage insulation is not ensured.
  • a flat-screen amplifier is known from FR-A-2 333 035, in which the output window carrying the fluorescent screen is placed on a spacer ring.
  • the exit window has the same diameter as the entrance window and the sensing ring. Since the sensing ring is supported directly on the entrance and exit windows, it is made of insulating material. It has a Z-shaped profile so that the potential fields are deformed and voltage flashovers are avoided.
  • the special design of the spacer ring makes the manufacture of such a flat-screen amplifier difficult. The problem of high voltage resistance to subsequent components does not arise here either, since flat-panel amplifiers are only used for direct observation.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a vacuum image intensifier for a device for diagnosis with X-rays according to the preamble of claim 1, which is easy and inexpensive to produce with the means available today with good quality, in which no kit layers within the Vacuum and which has sufficient high voltage strength even against directly coupled system components.
  • the fact that the exit window projects beyond the opening of the wall of the vacuum piston means that larger creepage distances are created.
  • the high-voltage insulation is further increased by designing the groove formed by the wall of the vacuum piston and the larger exit window in diameter by the casting compound.
  • the thickness of the exit window can also be obtained without difficulty by means of a corresponding plate made of optical glass, which is cemented onto the outer surface of a carrier plate.
  • the putty used does not have to be permanently vacuum-resistant and, on the other hand, the plate, which must have optical quality, can be attached at a point in time at which the production of the actual picture tube is completed, so that neither the putty surface nor the optical glass plate of the case the bake required for the manufacture of the picture tube needs to be exposed.
  • the production of the picture tube itself can be carried out in the usual way.
  • a thick support is achieved by producing the exit fluorescent screen in the usual way on a thin support plate, placing it on the output window of the image intensifier and, after checking the image intensifier, cementing on a correspondingly thick plate made of optical glass.
  • the expensive optical element does not need to be used until all parts of the image intensifier have been checked for full functionality.
  • a window of sufficient mechanical and electrical stability as well as optical quality can also be obtained by inserting a plate made of technical glass which is thick in accordance with the required electrical resistance between the support plate and the plate made of optical glass.
  • This glass can be produced with sufficient electrical resistance, which cannot be achieved with many optical glasses because of the other important optical glass parameters there. It has proven to be expedient to make the diameter of the intermediate pane made of technical glass larger in comparison with that of the other panes in the stack of panes.
  • a large insulating distance between the fluorescent screen support and the plate made of optical glass is effective due to the laterally protruding surfaces of the intermediate pane.
  • An X-ray image intensifier television chain of a device for diagnosis with X-rays is shown in the FIG. It has an image intensifier 1, to the output of which an image recording tube 3 is connected via an objective 2.
  • the image recorded by the image recording tube 3 can be displayed in a viewing device 4, which receives the signals from the target of the image recording tube 3 via an amplifier 5.
  • the X-ray image of a patient 8 falling on the image intensifier 1 is applied to the output fluorescent screen 6 of the image intensifier 1 and by means of the usual parts of the image intensifier 1, ie a fluorescent screen 9, a photo cathode 10, control electrodes 11, 12 and 13 and a high voltage source 14 transfer window 7 in the lens 2.
  • the required voltages are applied to the photocathode 10 and the control electrodes 11, 12 and 13 via lines 10.1, 11.1, 12.1 and 13.1.
  • the voltage is divided by means of a potentiometer 15.
  • the actual image is created by means of the rays 17 emerging from an X-ray tube 16, which produce a light image in the screen 9 which triggers electrons in the photocathode 10. These electrons are then imaged on the output fluorescent screen 6 via the electrodes 11 to 13. In this way, an image is obtained via the lens 2 in the recording tube 3 and is then reproduced in the viewing device 4.
  • the output window 7 attached to the output flange 20 of the image intensifier 1 consists of a plate 21 made of optical glass, which has a thickness of 16 mm and a diameter of 60 mm.
  • the plate 21 On its side facing the interior of the image intensifier 1, the plate 21 carries the fluorescent screen 6. On its outside it is coated with an anti-reflective layer 22. It reduces back reflections on the phosphor.
  • the diameter of the plate 21 made of optical glass is chosen to be larger than that of the opening of the output flange 20 of the image intensifier 1, so that a groove remains, which is designed with a casting compound 23. This ensures that larger creepage distances are created for the high-voltage insulation.
  • the layer 24 of black lacquer attached to the side of the plate 21 should absorb light that is not used for imaging as far as possible. It consists of high-voltage-resistant optical matt lacquer.
  • the exit window 7 contains a carrier plate 30 as the carrier of the luminous layer 6.
  • the plate 21 made of optical glass is attached by means of a layer 31 made of an optical cement, which carries the anti-reflective layer 22 on its outside.
  • the plate 21 is laterally provided with a layer 24 consisting of black lacquer.
  • the plate 21 made of optical glass is cemented onto the carrier plate 30 of the exit fluorescent screen 6 with the interposition of an approx. 3 mm thick plate 40 made of technical glass, which protrudes laterally about 10 mm beyond the stack.
  • this is also provided with grooves 41 of 2 cm in width and 2 cm in depth which are made in the circumference of the plate 21. These grooves 41 act like diaphragms or light traps, so that reflections are additionally prevented from emerging from the plate 21 and from being reflected back onto the exit fluorescent screen 6.
  • the anti-reflective layer 22 is attached to the outside of the plate 21 in order to avoid back reflections on the phosphor layer as far as possible.
  • the plate 21 can, as shown in DE-A-1 514832, Fig. 4, be curved. While in the known arrangement the curved phosphor support makes sense to enable a simpler electron optics and thus a better distribution of sharpness on the fluorescent screen, according to the invention it is achieved that back and forth reflections in this plate are avoided and thus the image contrast is improved.
  • the plate 21 can be provided with a certain absorption, so that there is an improvement in the contrast due to suppression of back and forth reflections (gray glass).
  • the absorption is limited to about 30% of the transmitted light so that not too much useful signal is lost.

Claims (9)

1. Intensificateur électronique d'images à vide (1) pour des dispositifs de radiodiagnostic, dans lequel l'image devant être intensifiée est convertie, au niveau d'un écran d'entrée (9, 10), en une image électronique qui est ensuite accélérée par voie électro-optique (11 à 13) vers un écran lumi- ' nescent de sortie (6) et est reproduite sur cet écran, qui est disposé sur la paroi intérieure de la fenêtre de sortie (7) de l'ampoule à vide, dont l'épaisseur est dimensionnée de manière que des réflexions totales, apparaissant sur la surface de sortie de l'image de la fenêtre de sortie (7) de l'intensificateur d'images à vide (1), soient renvoyées tout au plus sur des régions de l'écran situées à l'extérieur de la surface d'observation, caractérisé par le fait que, pour l'obtention d'une fermeture étanche, la fenêtre de sortie (7) est montée sur une ouverture de la paroi (20) de l'ampoule à vide de l'intensificateur d'images à vide (1) de manière à déborder latéralement l'ampoule à vide, dans la zone de l'ouverture, et qu'une fente circonférentielle est formée entre l'ouverture et la fenêtre de sortie (7), et que cette fente est remplie par une masse d'obturation (23).
2. Intensificateur électronique d'images à vide suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la fenêtre de sortie (7) comporte une plaque (21) formée d'un verre optique, dont la paroi intérieure supporte l'écran luminescent de sortie (6).
3. Intensificateur électronique d'images à vide suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la fenêtre de sortie (7) possède une structure stratifiée, constituée par des plaques de verre transparent, fixées par un ciment les unes sur les autres et dont l'une, formant plaque de support (3), appliquée sur l'ouverture de l'ampoule à vide, porte la couche luminescente (6) de l'écran luminescent de sortie (6) et possède des dimensions suffisantes pour fermer de façon étanche l'ampoule et supporter la couche luminescente, et qu'une plaque (21) fournissant l'épaisseur résiduelle de la structure et réalisée en un verre optique est fixée au moyen d'un ciment sur la surface extérieure de cette plaque de support (30).
4. Intensificateur électronique d'images à vide suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait qu'entre la plaque de support (30) et la plaque (21) formée d'un verre optique se trouve fixée à l'aide d'un ciment une plaque (40) formée d'un verre électriquement isolant pour la fabrication d'appareils, dont les dimensions sont choisies en fonction de l'isolation électrique.
5. Intensificateur électronique d'images à vide suivant les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que le bord latéral de la plaque (21) formée d'un verre optique comporte un revêtement (24) absorbant la lumière, notamment un noircissement.
6. Intensificateur électronique d'images à vide suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que le bord latéral de la plaque optique (21) comporte en outre des rainures circonférentielles (41) utilisées comme capteurs de lumière ou diaphragmes.
7. Intensificateur électronique d'images à vide suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que le support (21, 30) comporte une couche qui absorbe au moins 50% de la lumière traversante, ou est entièrement coloré.
8. Intensificateur électronique d'images à vide suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que la plaque (21) est réalisée en un verre optique coloré qui absorbe jusqu'à 40% de la lumière émanant de l'écran luminescent (6).
9. Application d'un amplificateur électronique d'images à vide suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8 dans un dispositif de radiodiagnostic, dans lequel l'objectif (2) d'un dispositif (3 à 5) d'enregistrement et de traitement d'images est branché en aval de la fenêtre de sortie (7).
EP85109389A 1984-08-10 1985-07-26 Intensificateur d'image électronique à vide pour dispositifs de diagnostic par rayons X Expired - Lifetime EP0173851B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3429561 1984-08-10
DE19843429561 DE3429561A1 (de) 1984-08-10 1984-08-10 Elektronischer vakuumbildverstaerker fuer einrichtungen zur diagnostik mit roentgenstrahlen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0173851A1 EP0173851A1 (fr) 1986-03-12
EP0173851B1 true EP0173851B1 (fr) 1990-01-10

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EP85109389A Expired - Lifetime EP0173851B1 (fr) 1984-08-10 1985-07-26 Intensificateur d'image électronique à vide pour dispositifs de diagnostic par rayons X

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US (1) US4658128A (fr)
EP (1) EP0173851B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0351880Y2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3429561A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8500709A (nl) * 1985-03-13 1986-10-01 Optische Ind De Oude Delft Nv Roentgenstralingsdetectorbuis.
FR2629267B1 (fr) * 1988-03-22 1996-01-26 Thomson Csf Dispositif de conversion chromatique d'une image obtenue en rayonnement electromagnetique et procede de fabrication correspondant
US5023511A (en) * 1988-10-27 1991-06-11 Itt Corporation Optical element output for an image intensifier device
NL8901711A (nl) * 1989-07-05 1991-02-01 Philips Nv Stralingsdetector voor elementaire deeltjes.
FR2666448B1 (fr) * 1990-09-04 1992-10-16 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Tube intensificateur d'image a isolation electrique optimisee.
DE4130050C2 (de) * 1991-09-10 1995-06-29 Siemens Ag Röntgenbildverstärker mit nachgeschaltetem CCD-Wandler
US6169628B1 (en) * 1996-10-31 2001-01-02 Litton Systems, Inc. Protective window for optical sight

Citations (2)

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US2346810A (en) * 1941-11-13 1944-04-18 Polaroid Corp Cathode ray tube
US3622786A (en) * 1969-11-19 1971-11-23 Gen Electric X-ray image converter using a high performance folded objective lens

Family Cites Families (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB849377A (en) * 1958-03-13 1960-09-28 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to light-transmissive screens
FR1474415A (fr) * 1965-04-01 1967-03-24 Philips Nv Tube cathodique et appareil comportant un tube de ce genre
DE1514945C3 (de) * 1966-03-24 1974-11-07 Telefunken Patentverwertungsgesellschaft Mbh, 7900 Ulm Bildschirm für Kathodenstrahlröhren
US3567947A (en) * 1969-03-26 1971-03-02 Machlett Lab Inc Imaging screen assembly for image intensifier tube
DE2423935C3 (de) * 1974-05-16 1979-12-13 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Elektronenoptischer Bildverstärker
US4096381A (en) * 1975-05-30 1978-06-20 Brown Sr Robert L Electron image detection system
JPS52135262A (en) * 1975-12-10 1977-11-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Picture converter
NL7603829A (nl) * 1976-04-12 1977-10-14 Philips Nv Opneembuis met gereduceerde flare.
US4333030A (en) * 1980-03-17 1982-06-01 Varian Associates, Inc. Image converter tube with contrast enhancing filter which partially absorbs internally reflected light
EP0087674A1 (fr) * 1982-02-23 1983-09-07 Shimadzu Corporation Tube-image

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2346810A (en) * 1941-11-13 1944-04-18 Polaroid Corp Cathode ray tube
US3622786A (en) * 1969-11-19 1971-11-23 Gen Electric X-ray image converter using a high performance folded objective lens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3575361D1 (de) 1990-02-15
JPS61172455U (fr) 1986-10-27
DE3429561A1 (de) 1986-02-20
EP0173851A1 (fr) 1986-03-12
JPH0351880Y2 (fr) 1991-11-08
US4658128A (en) 1987-04-14

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