Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
  • C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
  • C11D3/38609—Protease or amylase in solid compositions only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C11D3/30—Amines; Substituted amines ; Quaternized amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3707—Polyethers, e.g. polyalkyleneoxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
  • C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
  • C11D3/38627—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase containing lipase

Definitions

• the invention relates to dishwashing detergents, in particular for the automatic washing of dishes at low temperatures, which are distinguished by a high level of cleaning ability, in particular also in relation to stubborn and normally difficult to remove soiling, such as sebum / grease soiling, and by an extraordinarily low foaming ability.
• alkaline cleaning agent mixtures are used for the automatic cleaning of dishes, which essentially consist of inorganic salts such as alkali phosphates, alkali silicates and alkali carbonates and of active chlorine carriers and which, in order to improve the wetting effect, may also contain minor additions of a low-foaming nonionic surfactant. These mixtures have a good cleaning ability against all stains at generally normal working temperatures of 55 to 65 ° C.
• the invention therefore relates to agents for the mechanical cleaning of dishes based on polymeric alkali phosphates and / or their substitutes, alkali silicates, alkali carbonates and, where appropriate, compounds which release active oxygen and low-foaming nonionic surfactants, which are characterized in that they contain enzymes and higher molecular weight terminal or internal epoxyalkanes, which have been reacted with mono- or diethanolamine and optionally alkoxylated.
• Suitable polymeric alkali metal phosphates are the condensed phosphates which are customarily used in washing-up and cleaning agent mixtures and which can be present in the form of their alkaline neutral or acidic sodium or potassium salts. Examples include: tetrasodium pyrophosphate, disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, pentasodium triphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and the corresponding potassium salts or mixtures of sodium and potassium salts.
• the water-soluble organic complexing agents for calcium are essentially found among the polycarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, aminocarboxylic acids, carboxyalkyl ethers, polyanionic polymeric carboxylic acids and the phosphonic acids, these compounds mostly being used in the form of their water-soluble salts.
• Specific but not exhaustive examples are citric acid, carboxymethyl tartronic acid, mellitic acid, polyacrylic acid, poly-c4-hydroxyacrylic acid, carboxymethyl malic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid and 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid.
• Water-soluble sodium or potassium metasilicates are used as alkali metal silicates. You can free of water, or anhydrate kristallwasserhalti g and containing from 5 to 9 moles of water.
• Water glass is understood as meaning water-soluble sodium or potassium silicates in which the ratio of alkali oxide to silicon dioxide is approximately 1: 2 to 1: 4. They can be used as anhydrous solid substances or as liquid, approximately 50% solutions.
• Such enzymes are those of animal and vegetable origin, in particular active substances obtained from digestive ferment, yeast and bacterial strains. They usually represent a complex mixture of different enzymatic active ingredients. Of particular interest are starch, protein or fat-cleaving enzymes, such as amylases, proteases and lipases.
• the enzymes are obtained from a variety of processes from bacterial strains, fungi, yeasts or animal organs and are sold under different names. Most of these are enzyme mixtures that have a combined effect on starch, protein and fats have.
• the enzyme preparations obtained from Bacilius subtilis have the particular advantage for practical use that they are relatively resistant to alkalis. The temperature sensitivity of the enzymes no longer plays a significant role here.
• the manufacturers set the enzymes to a certain degree of activity, optionally with the addition of blending agents such as sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, alkali phosphates or alkali polyphosphates.
• blending agents such as sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, alkali phosphates or alkali polyphosphates.
• LVE / g Löhlein-Volhard units per gram
• IU international units
• DE / g Device-g
• the activity is often stated in LVE / g.
• the proteolytic enzyme activity should be 100 to 5,000, preferably 200 to 2,000 LVE / g.
• Amylolytic activity is generally reported in SKB / g (Sandstedt-Kneen-Blish units per gram). It should be about 5 to 1,000, preferably 15 to 250, SKB / g in the detergent mixture. The amount of the enzymes to be used in the dishwashing detergents depends on these values.
• the products used together with the enzymes as cleaning enhancers are produced in a known manner by reacting higher molecular weight terminal or internal epoxyalkanes with a linear C 10 -C 20 alkyl chain, preferably a C 10 -C 15 alkyl chain, with 1 mol of diethanolamine and then 3rd to 20, preferably 5 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide, which is preferably at elevated temperatures of about 50 to 200 ° C. under normal pressure or happens under increased pressure.
• the reaction is generally accelerated by basic or acidic catalysts.
• the epoxyalkanes used as starting materials for the preparation of the hydroxyamines are obtained in a manner known per se from the corresponding olefins or olefin mixtures.
• alpha monoolefins which are obtained, for example, by polymerizing ethylene with organic aluminum compounds as catalysts or by thermal cracking of paraffin wax.
• terminal monoolefins those with chain lengths in the range of C 10 -C 18 were preferably used.
• the internal epoxyalkanes are obtained, for example, by preparing them from linear aliphatic olefins having 10 to 20 carbon atoms and internal, statistically distributed double bonds by epoxidation using peracids or hydrogen peroxide and lower carboxylic acids forming peracids, or by epoxidation of olefin mixtures which are produced by catalytic dehydrogenation or by chlorination / dehydrochlorination of linear paraffins and selective extraction of the monoolefins.
• Monoolefins with an internal double bond can also be prepared by isomerizing alpha-olefins.
• alkali perborates, persulfates and percarbonate which can be activated by activators such as tetraacetylethylenediamine, tetraacetylglycoluril, pentaacetylglucose, but also compounds such as magnesium monoperphthalate, can be used as compounds which release active oxygen, but also compounds such as magnesium monoperphthalate, it being possible to dispense with the addition of activator.
• activators such as tetraacetylethylenediamine, tetraacetylglycoluril, pentaacetylglucose, but also compounds such as magnesium monoperphthalate, can be used as compounds which release active oxygen, but also compounds such as magnesium monoperphthalate, it being possible to dispense with the addition of activator.
• Suitable nonionic low-foaming surfactants are preferably ethylene oxide adducts with higher molecular weight polypropylene glycols with a molecular weight of 900 to 4,000, and ethylene oxide or ethylene oxide and propylene oxide adducts with C 12 -C 18 alkanols and nonylphenol.
• the preparation is carried out in a known manner by addition of the alkylene oxides in question in the presence of mostly alkaline catalysts, if appropriate under pressure and at elevated temperatures, it being possible to add up to three times the amount by weight of the starting compounds on alkylene oxides.
• Suitable addition products are the adduct of 10% by weight of ethylene oxide with a polyoxypropylene glycol of molecular weight 1750, and the adduct of 9 mol of ethylene oxide and 10 mol of propylene oxide with nonylphenol, and the like.
• the useful nonionic surfactants also include the surface-active amine oxides, which are usually derived from tertiary amines with a hydrophobic C 10 -C 20 alkyl group and two shorter alkyl and / or alkylol groups each containing up to 4 C atoms.
• Typical representatives are, for example, the compounds N-dodecyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide, N-tetradecyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide or N-hexadecyl-N, N-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) amine oxide.
• the claimed mixtures may contain further components, in particular inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate, as a blending agent.
• inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate
• acidic or alkaline or buffering inorganic or organic compounds can be used to establish a pH value which is advantageous for the enzyme action.
• the organic hydroxycarhonic acids such as citric acid or tartaric acid, such as phosphoric acid or acidic alkali orthophosphates, are also preferred.
• enzyme-activating additives such as ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, dyes, perfumes and the like can also be added to the mixtures.
• the claimed agents are generally used as mixtures of granular or powdery individual substances or as granulated, agglomerated or prilled products.
• the claimed Reinigunrsmittelkombinationen are characterized by a high wetting effect and a very good low-temperature cleaning power, especially against stubborn stains such as fat, protein and Gilbelä g s-off.
• the application is carried out by addition of the powdered, granulated, agglomerated or prilled means by hand into the Geschirreinigun sflotte g or, preferably, by means of automatic dosing devices.
• the application concentrations in the cleaning liquor should be about 2 to 7 g / 1, temperatures of about 40 to 45 ° C being used.
• results represent mean values from 4 parallel assessments by 4 test subjects.
• test soils consisted of oatmeal porridge and starch in the form of mashed potatoes, which were placed on plates and scraped off. The dishes were then left to stand in the air for 6 hours at room temperature and then placed in the dishwasher.
• Rindertalganschmutzung following procedure was gen g Toggle: O, from 5 to 0.8 g of beef tallow were heated until liquefied and stirred for about 2% of titanium dioxide. Then the still warm mass was spread evenly onto red plastic plates using a brush.
• a conventional standard cleaning agent (A) was used, which had the following composition:

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Washing And Drying Of Tableware (AREA)
• Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)

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Cited By (4)

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Citations (6)

• 1984
  • 1984-08-04 DE DE19843428833 patent/DE3428833A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1985
  • 1985-07-27 AT AT85109466T patent/ATE61066T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1985-07-27 EP EP85109466A patent/EP0171008B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1985-07-27 DE DE8585109466T patent/DE3581857D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1985-08-05 JP JP60171306A patent/JPS6142596A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (6)

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