EP0162269B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le réchauffage des gaz de foyer - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le réchauffage des gaz de foyer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0162269B1
EP0162269B1 EP85104409A EP85104409A EP0162269B1 EP 0162269 B1 EP0162269 B1 EP 0162269B1 EP 85104409 A EP85104409 A EP 85104409A EP 85104409 A EP85104409 A EP 85104409A EP 0162269 B1 EP0162269 B1 EP 0162269B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flue gas
flue
heat
heated
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85104409A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0162269A3 (en
EP0162269A2 (fr
Inventor
Horst Daschmann
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Schmitt
Jürgen Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Künzel
Siegfried Dipl.-Ing. Rochna
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Balcke Duerr AG
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Balcke Duerr AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6234258&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0162269(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Balcke Duerr AG filed Critical Balcke Duerr AG
Priority to AT85104409T priority Critical patent/ATE46960T1/de
Publication of EP0162269A2 publication Critical patent/EP0162269A2/fr
Publication of EP0162269A3 publication Critical patent/EP0162269A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0162269B1 publication Critical patent/EP0162269B1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/02—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of carbon, e.g. graphite

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for reheating a flue gas coming from the flue gas cleaning system working according to the wet method by means of a heat exchanger arranged in the flue gas stream with a plurality of pipes through which a heat transfer medium flows and around which the cleaned gases flow, which are then discharged into the atmosphere via a chimney , and an apparatus for performing this method.
  • flue gases In order to comply with the legally required immission requirements, flue gases must be cleaned, u. a. be desulfurized. Particularly favorable values can be achieved with flue gas cleaning systems that use the wet process. However, the cleaned flue gases emerging from such flue gas cleaning systems are not only cooled to a temperature of approximately 50 ° C. by the wet cleaning process, but are also saturated with water vapor. In order to be able to discharge such cleaned flue gases into the atmosphere, two methods are currently available, namely firstly the flue gases are discharged via a cooling tower, the exhaust gas flow of which is mixed with the flue gases, and secondly, a recuperative or regenerative reheating of the cleaned flue gases before their discharge into the atmosphere by means of a chimney.
  • the present invention relates exclusively to the reheating of the cleaned flue gases before they are discharged into the atmosphere via a chimney.
  • a method for reheating cleaned flue gases by means of a heat exchanger in which the flue gas coming from wet cleaning and passed through a droplet separator is first heated in such a way that all water drops still present in the flue gas evaporate and that dry flue gas is then heated by downstream heat exchangers to the temperature required for introduction into the chimney.
  • a mixing chamber is connected upstream of this, in which hot air is mixed with the water vapor-saturated flue gas and the mixture is thereby brought to a temperature above the dew point of the mixture.
  • the cleaned flue gas is further heated in the heat exchanger by simultaneous cooling of the uncleaned flue gas which is conducted in countercurrent or crossflow.
  • a further heat exchanger heated with steam is provided for heating the hot air added in the mixing chamber.
  • a corresponding system is also known from DE-A-2 703 681.
  • DE-A-2 724 030 there is a recirculation line via which part of the already heated, cleaned flue gas is fed to a dryer connected upstream of the heat exchanger, so that by wiping with the damp flue gas flowing in from the flue gas cleaning system, it is already in front of the Heat exchanger a mixture temperature above the dew point temperature is generated.
  • the cleaned flue gases are heated in the heat exchanger by simultaneous cooling of the uncleaned flue gases in cross-flow or counterflow.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for reheating flue gases coming from a flue gas purification system which works according to the wet method, the heat exchangers of which are arranged in the flue gas stream and which have a service life correspond to those of the other system components, whereby the investment costs are in an economically reasonable range.
  • the solution to this problem by the method according to the invention is characterized in that, for heating the flue gas until all the water drops still present, the flue gas flows through an indirect pre-heat exchanger connected to the droplet separator, consisting essentially of graphite and provided with pipes, the heat carrier of which flows through an im is essentially heated from graphite, provided with pipes, indirect flue gas cooler, which removes part of its heat from the unpurified flue gas stream before wet cleaning.
  • the pipes and essential components of which are made of graphite By drying the moist flue gases in an indirect pre-heat exchanger, the pipes and essential components of which are made of graphite, the flue gases become theirs corrosive effect taken so that they can then be heated by downstream heat exchangers made of metal, preferably high-alloy steel, to the temperature required for introduction into the chimney.
  • the use of relatively expensive heat exchange surfaces made of graphite is thus limited to a part of the heat exchanger surface arranged in the flue gas flow.
  • the unpurified flue gas flow can be cooled down to areas below its dew point temperature without the risk of corrosion, which improves the heating and drying of the cleaned flue gas in the pre-heat exchanger.
  • the investment costs are therefore in an economic range, especially if the considerably increased service life of the heat exchanger surfaces used for reheating is taken into account.
  • Components that have already proven themselves in the chemical industry can be used for the pre-heat exchanger and the flue gas cooler.
  • Such heat exchangers can be designed in a modular design, so that appropriate heat exchangers can be put together for each individual case.
  • the heat transfer medium preferably water, circulates in a closed circuit.
  • the heat used to reheat the cleaned flue gases is extracted from the uncleaned flue gas which, for example, has a temperature of approximately 140 ° Celsius before entering wet cleaning.
  • the flue gas cooler arranged in the unpurified flue gas stream cools the flue gases to below the dew point, so that a high level of corrosion z. B. occurs through sulphurous acid, the flue gas cooler withstands these extreme stresses because it consists of graphite in its essential parts.
  • An improvement of the method according to the invention can be achieved by branching some of the heated and dried flue gas flow into the chimney before discharge and introducing it streak-free into the cleaned flue gas flow via a static mixer connected downstream of the droplet separator.
  • This recirculating partial flow of the heated, cleaned flue gas pre-dries the flue gas supplied to the heat exchangers, so that a reduction of the heat exchange surfaces consisting essentially of graphite can be achieved by this addition of dry, heated flue gas.
  • the device for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized in that the tubes of the pre-heat exchanger used for drying the cleaned flue gas or of the flue gas cooler arranged in the uncleaned flue gas stream are made of synthetic resin impregnated electrographite. According to a further feature of the invention, these tubes can be wrapped like a net with carbon fibers that are under tension.
  • a boiler system 1 In the system shown in Fig. 1, a boiler system 1 is shown, the flue gases laden with pollutants are fed through a flue gas line 2 to a flue gas cleaning system 3 working according to the wet process.
  • This flue gas cleaning system 3 is followed by a water separator 4, so that the cleaned flue gases, which the Cooled flue gas cleaning system 3 to approx. 50 ° Celsius and leave saturated with water vapor, only contain small residual amounts of water drops.
  • the cleaned flue gases pass through a clean gas line 5 through a silencer 6 into a chimney 7, through which they are discharged into the atmosphere.
  • a flue gas blower 8 is arranged in front of the silencer 6 in the clean gas line 5.
  • an essentially graphite pre-heat exchanger 9 is arranged, in which the flue gas coming from the flue gas cleaning system 3 is heated in such a way that all moisture still present in the flue gas evaporates.
  • the cleaned flue gas thus emerges heated and dried from the pre-heat exchanger 9 and then passes into a heat exchanger 10 which is made of metal, preferably high-alloy steel.
  • a heat exchanger 10 which is made of metal, preferably high-alloy steel.
  • a cleaning device 11 which, for example, consists of a plurality of lance screw blowers, the cleaning being carried out by blowing off the heating surfaces with a steam jet.
  • a steam jet for example, dry, superheated superheated steam with a pressure of 12 to 16 bar and a superheating temperature of approx. 350 ° Celsius is used as cleaning steam.
  • a portion of the flue gas preheated and dried in the pre-heat exchanger 9 and heated in the heat exchanger 10 is branched off between the heat exchanger 10 and the flue gas blower 8 and fed into the clean gas line 5 through a recirculation line 12 between the water separator and the cleaning device 11.
  • the returned part of the flue gas flow is 5 to 10% of the total gas throughput.
  • a recirculation blower 13 is used in the recirculation line 12 to transport the recirculating flue gas and to overcome the pressure difference.
  • the recirculating partial stream of the heated flue gas which is admixed with the moist and cold flue gas stream and in this way causes predrying, is fed to the moist flue gas stream with the aid of a static mixer 14.
  • This mixer 14 ensures that a uniform temperature distribution over the entire flow cross section is achieved after a short mixing section.
  • the heat transfer medium for the pre-heat exchanger 9 and the downstream heat exchanger 10 is circulated in a circuit line 15 and heated in a flue gas cooler 16 which is arranged in front of the flue gas cleaning system 3 in the flue gas line 2.
  • This flue gas cooler 16 consists essentially of graphite and thus corresponds to the pre-heat exchanger 9. Like this, the flue gas cooler 16 is preceded by a cleaning device 11.
  • the heat transfer between the flue gas cooler 16 and the pre-heat exchanger 9 or heat exchanger 10 takes place with the aid of a circulation pump system 17, which is also shown schematically.
  • the cleaned flue gases are re-heated by means of a heat carrier which is circulated in a closed circuit, preferably formed by water, and which removes heat from the uncleaned flue gas, which has a temperature of approximately 140 ° Celsius before entering the flue gas cleaning system 3.
  • a heat carrier which is circulated in a closed circuit, preferably formed by water, and which removes heat from the uncleaned flue gas, which has a temperature of approximately 140 ° Celsius before entering the flue gas cleaning system 3.
  • two pumps connected in parallel are provided in the circulation pump system 17 so that the pump system remains functional even if one pump fails.
  • the flue gas cooler 16 Although in the flue gas cooler 16 the uncleaned flue gases are cooled down to below the dew point and a high corrosive stress, for example due to sulphurous acid, occurs, the flue gas cooler 16 has a long service life since it consists essentially of graphite. The pipes of the flue gas cooler 16 are regularly cleaned by the cleaning device 11.
  • a heater stage 18 can be provided downstream of the heat exchanger 10, as shown in FIG. This z. B. steam heated heater stage 18 not only has the task of achieving a further increase in the flue gas temperature, but also preheat the flue gases flowing back through the recirculation line 12 when starting. In addition, when the system is switched off, such a heating stage 18 keeps the heat exchanger surfaces endangered by swaths from the flue gas cleaning system 3.
  • a pipe 19 used in the pre-heat exchanger 9 or in the flue gas cooler 16 shows a smooth-walled pipe which has been produced from synthetic resin-impregnated electrographite in a continuous pressing process.
  • This tube 19 is wrapped like a net with carbon fibers 20, which are under high tension and thus serve to reinforce the graphite tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Procédé pour réchauffer des gaz de fumée venant d'une installation de nettoyage de gaz de fumée travaillant selon le procédé humide, au moyen d'un échangeur de chaleur disposé dans le courant de gaz de fumées et comprenant une pluralité de tubes irrigués par un caloporteur et parcourus à l'extérieur par les gaz nettoyés qui sont ensuite évacués à l'atmosphère par l'intermédiaire d'une cheminée, le gaz de fumées provenant du nettoyage humide et dirigé sur un séparateur à gouttes étant d'abord chauffé de sorte que l'ensemble des gouttes d'eau existant encore dans le gaz de fumées se vaporisent et le gaz de fumées sec est ensuite chauffé, au moyen d'un échangeur de chaleur branché en aval, à la température nécessaire à l'introduction dans la cheminée, caractérisé en ce que, pour le chauffage du gaz de fumées jusqu'à la vaporisation de l'ensemble des gouttes d'eau existant encore, le gaz de fumées s'écoule à travers un échangeur de chaleur préliminaire (9) indirect pourvu de tubes, branché en aval du séparateur de gouttes (4), composé principalement de tubes de graphite, dont le caloporteur est chauffé au moyen d'un refroidisseur de gaz de fumée (16) indirect, pourvu de tubes, se composant principalement de graphite, qui extrait une partie de la chaleur du courant de gaz de fumées non nettoyé, avant le nettoyage humide (3).
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une partie du courant de gaz d'échappement chauffé et séché est dérivée avant évacuation à la cheminée (7) et est introduite, sans former de traînée, dans le courant de fumées nettoyé, par l'intermédiaire d'un mélangeur (14) statique installé en aval du séparateur de gouttes (4).
3. Dispositif pour l'exécution du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les tubes (19) de l'échangeur de chaleur préliminaire (9) utilisé pour le séchage des gaz de fumées nettoyés et du réfroidisseur de gaz de fumées (16) disposé dans le courant de gaz de fumée non nettoyé sont fabriqués en électrogra- phite imprégné de résine.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les tubes (19) sont enveloppés en forme de réseau par des fibres de carbone placées sous précontrainte.
EP85104409A 1984-04-21 1985-04-12 Procédé et dispositif pour le réchauffage des gaz de foyer Expired EP0162269B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85104409T ATE46960T1 (de) 1984-04-21 1985-04-12 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur wiederaufheizung von rauchgasen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3415238 1984-04-21
DE19843415238 DE3415238A1 (de) 1984-04-21 1984-04-21 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur wiederaufheizung von rauchgasen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0162269A2 EP0162269A2 (fr) 1985-11-27
EP0162269A3 EP0162269A3 (en) 1987-09-16
EP0162269B1 true EP0162269B1 (fr) 1989-10-04

Family

ID=6234258

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85104409A Expired EP0162269B1 (fr) 1984-04-21 1985-04-12 Procédé et dispositif pour le réchauffage des gaz de foyer

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EP (1) EP0162269B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE46960T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3415238A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4004358A1 (de) * 1990-02-13 1991-08-14 Metallgesellschaft Ag Abgasreinigungsverfahren
DE4008617A1 (de) * 1990-03-17 1991-09-19 Kraftanlagen Ag Verfahren zum schutz von druckerhoehungsgeblaesen in nachschaltung zur nassentschwefelung von abgasen
DE102009054574B3 (de) * 2009-12-11 2011-03-03 Sgl Carbon Se Wärmetauscherrohr oder Wärmetauscherplatte mit offenporigem Siliciumcarbidnetzwerk und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE102009054910A1 (de) * 2009-12-17 2011-06-22 Sgl Carbon Se, 65203 Faserarmierter Körper
CN102121703B (zh) * 2010-12-28 2012-07-25 哈尔滨工业大学 适用于高寒地区湿式烟气净化工艺的混合式烟气再热系统
CN103486603B (zh) * 2013-10-11 2016-05-11 光大环保（中国）有限公司 一种烟气处理装置及处理方法
CN107082464A (zh) * 2017-06-22 2017-08-22 聊城信源集团有限公司 一种脱硫废水零排放处理烟道和处理系统

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4830665A (fr) * 1971-08-24 1973-04-23
DE2703681A1 (de) * 1977-01-29 1978-08-03 Blohm Voss Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erwaermung von gewaschenen rauchgasen
DE2720078C2 (de) * 1977-05-05 1982-10-21 Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh, 8901 Meitingen Verfahren zur Vergrößerung der wärmeaustauschenden Fläche von Graphitelementen in einem Wärmeaustauscher
DE2724030A1 (de) * 1977-05-27 1978-12-07 Metallgesellschaft Ag Aufheizen von abgasen
DE3116309C2 (de) * 1981-04-24 1985-05-02 Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh, 8901 Meitingen Graphitrohr

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0162269A3 (en) 1987-09-16
EP0162269A2 (fr) 1985-11-27
DE3415238A1 (de) 1985-10-31
ATE46960T1 (de) 1989-10-15
DE3573466D1 (en) 1989-11-09

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