EP0161954B1 - Canal intermédiaire pour un dispositif d'alimentation d'une chambre de combustion pulsatoire en carburant ou en comburant - Google Patents

Canal intermédiaire pour un dispositif d'alimentation d'une chambre de combustion pulsatoire en carburant ou en comburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0161954B1
EP0161954B1 EP85400606A EP85400606A EP0161954B1 EP 0161954 B1 EP0161954 B1 EP 0161954B1 EP 85400606 A EP85400606 A EP 85400606A EP 85400606 A EP85400606 A EP 85400606A EP 0161954 B1 EP0161954 B1 EP 0161954B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat tube
intermediary
chamber
combustion chamber
channel according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85400606A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0161954A1 (fr
Inventor
Jean-Marc Bader
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe National Elf Aquitaine
MAREK BV
Mareck BV
Original Assignee
Societe National Elf Aquitaine
MAREK BV
Mareck BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe National Elf Aquitaine, MAREK BV, Mareck BV filed Critical Societe National Elf Aquitaine
Priority to AT85400606T priority Critical patent/ATE31359T1/de
Publication of EP0161954A1 publication Critical patent/EP0161954A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0161954B1 publication Critical patent/EP0161954B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C15/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an intermediate channel for a device for supplying a pulsating combustion chamber with oxidant and fuel, that is to say which is situated between the chamber where the injection takes place and the chamber where a place the pulsating combustion.
  • PCT patent application number 8 101 454 “Starting method and device for combustion apparatus” describes a system for pulsed combustion which comprises a combustion chamber surmounted by a supply device between which is interposed an intermediate channel which is located substantially at the second conical part of the tube which surrounds the injection head.
  • the intermediate channel is provided with an internal tube, also called a heat tube.
  • the inner wall of the intermediate channel and the heat tube define an annular space which is open in its lower part, but closed in its upper part.
  • This heat tube essentially allows the vaporization of the fuel before it enters the combustion chamber, but it must therefore remain relatively hot.
  • a possible drawback of such a device lies in the fact that soot deposits are produced, in particular at the level of the injection head. These deposits are generally due to excessively high temperatures.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an intermediate channel provided with a heat tube maintained at a high temperature, but which also makes it possible to avoid the formation of soot in the chamber where the injection takes place, and to create a tube effect. which favors the acceleration of the burnt gases towards the combustion chamber.
  • the invention provides an intermediate channel between, on the one hand a chamber for the pulsed combustion of a mixture of fuel and oxidizer and on the other hand an injection chamber for the injection of said mixture, comprising a heat tube defining with the inner wall of the channel a recirculation zone for the burnt gases coming from the combustion chamber, said zone being open at its upper end, said channel comprising a lower part located near the combustion chamber and an upper part located near the injection chamber, said heat tube being located in the lower part.
  • This intermediate channel is characterized in that its two parts are cylindrical, the lower part having a diameter larger than the upper part, and in that said two parts are joined by a flange opposite which is located l 'upper end of said heat tube.
  • the collar may be flat or rounded and preferably, it has in its peripheral part of smaller diameter, a circular projection whose largest diameter is less than the inside diameter of the heat tube.
  • this projection can be vertical and inclined towards the outside or the inside of the intermediate chamber.
  • the intermediate channel may include an insulation sleeve coaxial with the heat tube made of a thermally insulating material.
  • the upper part of the intermediate channel comprises a cylindrical sleeve with an outside diameter smaller than that of said heat tube and the lower edge of which constitutes the projection of the collar.
  • the sleeve can be held in place by a series of rings arranged inside a cylindrical outer jacket, said rings resting on a flat annular surface of said jacket.
  • some of these rings are made of a thermally insulating material and / or define at least one annular insulation space.
  • the device shown in Figure 1 comprises a body (2) mounted on the neck (3) of a chamber (4) of pulsed combustion.
  • the interior of the body (2) has an injection chamber (150) of the fuel and oxidant mixture, in which is located an injection head.
  • the injection chamber (150) is bounded at the bottom by the circular surface (5), the annular surface (6) and the wall (10) which define a cylindrical bore (39) for the insertion of a disc ( 7).
  • This disc (7) has two coaxial cylindrical parts (43) and (44), a central bore (45), a second central bore (46) and a circular groove (48).
  • the lower cylindrical part (44) has a diameter greater than the upper part (43) and it is fitted into a bore (30) of a sleeve (55). The disc (7) is therefore held in place between the sleeve (55) and the lower part of the injection chamber (150).
  • the upper part (43) of the disc (7) and its central bore (45) constitute the upper part of the intermediate channel, this upper part being connected to the lower part by the groove (48) which defines a junction flange between the two parts.
  • the central bore (45) is conical and its upper diameter is equal to the lower diameter of the injection chamber.
  • the walls of the groove (48) and the central bore (45) are interconnected by a flat annular surface so as to define a circular projection (162).
  • the cylindrical sleeve (55) is disposed inside the neck (3) and it has an upper bore (56) and a flange (57) which is embedded in a complementary bore (58) of the neck (3).
  • the outside diameter of the sleeve (55) is equal, apart from the play tolerances, to the inside diameter of the neck (3).
  • a heat tube (165) which is in the form of a cylindrical jacket (70), held in place by a series of four fixing lugs such as (71) which are crimped in a support ring (52) interposed between the bore (56) and a circular groove (72) of the disc (7).
  • the disc (7) is made of graphite
  • the sleeve (55) is of insulating ceramic
  • the other parts are essentially metallic.
  • the device In normal operation, that is to say outside of the combustion initiation phase, the device operates in the following manner.
  • the fuel is injected into the injection chamber, in a manner known per se by an injector, having a cone of a spray such that the impact of the drops of fuel takes place mainly below the upper level. of the shirt (70).
  • the lower part of this then constitutes the zone for mixing the fuel and the oxidizer although it is possible that part of this mixture has already taken place in the lower zone of the manifold, or injection chamber, or at the opposite in the combustion chamber (4).
  • the explosion phase causes an increase in the pressure in the combustion chamber, followed by the expulsion of the burnt gases to the exhaust system.
  • part of the burnt gas is discharged towards the top of the device, in the direction of the injection chamber (150).
  • the invention makes it possible to use this part of the burnt gases to bring the heat tube to a sufficiently high temperature.
  • the outer surface (123) of the jacket (70), the inner wall (125) of the sleeve (55) and the groove (48) define an annular gas recirculation channel.
  • This channel is convergent towards the inside of the groove (48). During recompression, the burnt gases are therefore accelerated upwards, then deflected downwards. The acceleration of these gases downwards is favored by the presence of the circular projection (162) which makes it possible to create a proboscis effect at the outlet of the bore (45).
  • the heat tube Due to this recirculation of the burnt and hot gases, the heat tube is brought to a temperature allowing it to maintain the evaporation of the drops of fuel which have been impacted on it. Indeed, without this vaporizing effect, such drops agglomerated as they descend to the combustion chamber and would penetrate therein in a form unsuitable for perfect combustion. To this effect of vaporization due to the high temperature of the tube, is added that provided by the recirculation of the gases which come to lick the internal wall (120) of the jacket (70) so as to limit the impact of the fuel droplets liquid against the wall.
  • the upper part of the heat tube is flared so that, at the outlet of the circular groove (48), the zone of change of direction of the recirculated gases constitutes substantially a convergent towards the wall. inside (120) of the heat tube (165).
  • FIG 2 a detailed view of an alternative embodiment of the device of Figure 1.
  • the central bore (45) of the disc (7) is cylindrical and it ends in a projection (170) whose external (171) and internal (172) surfaces are conical and oriented inwards. of the heat tube (165).
  • the disc (7) has an annular recess (175) of rectangular section.
  • the lower part of the injection chamber (150) is also provided with an annular recess of the same width (176).
  • the recesses (176) and (175) are located opposite each other so that they define a closed empty annular chamber (178).
  • This chamber (178) constitutes a thermal insulation cushion which limits the heat transfers from the heat tube (165) to the upper part of the device.
  • the neck (3) does not include a sleeve so that the flue gas recirculation channel is defined directly by the internal wall of the neck (3).
  • the support ring (52) on which the fixing lugs (71) are fixed is held in place in the groove (72) by an intermediate disc (183) which itself comes to bear on the annular surface (184) neck (3).
  • the ring (7) is made of graphite or ceramic. Due to the nature of this ring and the small dimensions of the fixing lugs (71), thermal transfers upwards, coming from the sleeve, are limited. The sleeve is therefore kept at a high temperature.
  • FIG. 2a An embodiment can be provided which keeps the upper part of the recirculation channel warm so that the recirculated gases are not cooled.
  • This embodiment is shown in Figure 2a.
  • the ring (7) - ceramic or graphite - is provided with a ring (173) made of conductive material, for example stainless steel.
  • the jacket (70) constituting the heat tube is directly fixed to the ring (173) by stainless steel fixing lugs (375).
  • Figure 3 a second embodiment of the invention more specifically adapted to the case where the air injection is done in a vertical movement.
  • the parts common to the embodiments of Figures 1, 2 and 3 are identified by identical reference numbers.
  • the lower part of the injection chamber (150) in which the injector (115) is placed is delimited by a first ring (200) of substantially triangular section, the lower surface (201) of which is planar and has an annular projection ( 202).
  • An O-ring (203) is placed in a groove (204) and abuts with the neck (3).
  • a cylindrical sleeve (205) comprising an annular upper flange (206) whose external diameter is equal to that of the ring (200) and which comprises a circular notch (207) of which the section corresponds to the projection (202).
  • the sleeve (205) is fitted into a second sleeve (210) whose internal diameter is slightly greater than the external diameter of the sleeve (205) and which has an annular collar (211 Between the annular collar (211) and the collar (206) a flat ring (220) is inserted between the sleeve (205).
  • the lower end (221) of the second sleeve (210) is bent towards the first sleeve (205) and comes to bear thereon. is therefore surrounded by an air jacket (225). Its outside diameter is less than the inside diameter of the heat tube.
  • the lower end (222) of the sleeve (205) is located at a level slightly lower than that of the lower end (221) of the second sleeve (210). This end (222) is narrowed so as to define an inwardly converging crown.
  • the sleeve (210) is held in place in the neck (3) by the disc (226) which is blocked between the annular flange (211) and the annular surface (184) by means of the rings (230) and (231 ) and washers (232), (233) and (234), which define annular insulation spaces (300).
  • the heat tube (70) which is cylindrical above all its height comprises a collar (235) which comes to bear on the washer (234).
  • the washer (234) is shown in detail in Figures 4a and 4b. Its outside diameter is substantially equal to the inside diameter of the neck (3) and its inside diameter is greater than the outside diameter of the jacket (70) but less than the largest diameter of the collar (235).
  • the washer (234) is provided with a series of radial and elongated openings (240) which extend from its inner periphery. These openings define between them tongues (242) bearing on the flange (235) ( Figure 4b).
  • the lower end of the sleeve (205) is located above the entry face of the heat tube and that the smallest internal diameter of this sleeve is less than the internal diameter of the tube. of heat so that all of these parts, in combination with the lower disc (226) define the upper part of the zone for recirculation of the burnt gases coming from the combustion chamber.
  • FIG 5 an alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention, more particularly of the device shown in Figure 1.
  • the jacket (70) of the heat tube (165) extended at the bottom by a series of four legs (350) which extend towards the interior of the combustion chamber (4).
  • These tabs make it possible to facilitate the temperature rise of the tube (165) during the combustion initiation phase since they make it possible to ensure a thermal transfer between the central part of the chamber (4) and the jacket (70) you heat tube.
  • FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the lower part of the intermediate channel.
  • the neck (3) is welded to the combustion chamber (4).
  • the jacket (70) and the sleeve (55) extend inside the neck to the upper level of the combustion chamber (4) so that the lower faces of the sleeve and the jacket are contained in the plane (60) containing the intersection of the chamber (4) and the interior volume of the neck.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of the disc (7).
  • the central bore (45) of the disc is cylindrical. It is fitted into the ring (200).
  • the disc (7) bears directly against the internal surface of the neck (3) and it has an annular recess (250) which constitutes a closed chamber of thermal insulation.
  • the connecting flange between the upper part of the intermediate channel and the lower part is not in the form of a rounded groove, but in the form of a prismatic section groove whose upper face (260) is horizontal. Any other shape can be provided for this groove, in particular it can be produced with an inclined upper face so as to define a divergent volume downwards.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP85400606A 1984-03-29 1985-03-28 Canal intermédiaire pour un dispositif d'alimentation d'une chambre de combustion pulsatoire en carburant ou en comburant Expired EP0161954B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85400606T ATE31359T1 (de) 1984-03-29 1985-03-28 Zwischenkanal fuer eine vorrichtung zur brennstoff- und brennmittelzufuhr von einer mit pulsierender verbrennung arbeitenden brennkammer.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8404919 1984-03-29
FR8404919A FR2562211B1 (fr) 1984-03-29 1984-03-29 Canal intermediaire pour un dispositif d'alimentation d'une chambre de combustion pulsatoire en carburant ou en comburant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0161954A1 EP0161954A1 (fr) 1985-11-21
EP0161954B1 true EP0161954B1 (fr) 1987-12-09

Family

ID=9302595

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85400606A Expired EP0161954B1 (fr) 1984-03-29 1985-03-28 Canal intermédiaire pour un dispositif d'alimentation d'une chambre de combustion pulsatoire en carburant ou en comburant

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4634371A (ja)
EP (1) EP0161954B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS60253706A (ja)
AT (1) ATE31359T1 (ja)
CA (1) CA1242136A (ja)
DE (1) DE3561176D1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2562211B1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2596853B1 (fr) * 1986-04-04 1990-03-23 Elf Aquitaine Perfectionnements aux dispositifs d'alimentation d'une chambre de combustion pulsatoire d'un melange de comburant et de carburant
US4995376A (en) * 1989-07-12 1991-02-26 Hanson Garry O Pulse furnace
SE464541B (sv) * 1990-04-04 1991-05-06 Pulsonex Ab Pulsbraennare
US5647215A (en) * 1995-11-07 1997-07-15 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Gas turbine combustor with turbulence enhanced mixing fuel injectors
US6343594B1 (en) * 2000-06-01 2002-02-05 Caterpillar Inc. Variable flow venturi assembly for use in an exhaust gas recirculation system of an internal combustion engine
DE10337723B4 (de) * 2003-08-16 2007-04-05 Pierburg Gmbh Abgaseinleitvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1539126A (en) * 1921-08-12 1925-05-26 Studebaker Corp Apparatus for vaporizing fuel
FR550738A (fr) * 1922-04-28 1923-03-16 Dispositif d'accouplement automatique des wagonnets de chemins de fer aériens au câble tracteur
FR647396A (fr) * 1928-01-17 1928-11-23 Perfectionnement apporté dans l'établissement des appareils de carburation pour les moteurs fonctionnant aux hydrocarbures lourds
GB430634A (en) * 1934-08-17 1935-06-21 Internat Motor Patents Proprie Improvements in charge forming devices for internal combustion engines
DE975546C (de) * 1948-10-02 1962-01-04 Ludwig Dr Huber Brennstoffzufuehrung bei Schwingbrennern
DE951829C (de) * 1950-02-11 1956-11-08 Kaercher Fa Alfred Brenner mit freischwingender Gassaeule
DE1149335B (de) * 1954-12-09 1963-05-30 Ruhrgas Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Gasstromes am Einlass zu Einrichtungen fuer schwingende Reaktionssysteme
US2898978A (en) * 1956-02-20 1959-08-11 Lucas Rotax Ltd Gaseous fuel combustion apparatus
US3177663A (en) * 1962-07-12 1965-04-13 Robert B Black Pulse jet engine
DE1240612B (de) * 1962-12-24 1967-05-18 Junkers & Co Vorrichtung zum Steuern der Zufuhr von Brennstoff und Verbrennungsluft bei einer Brenneranlage fuer pulsierende Verbrennung
DE1276855B (de) * 1963-02-23 1968-09-05 Ludwig Huber Dipl Ing Dr Ing Einrichtung zum Zufuehren fluessigen Brennstoffes in einen Schwingbrenner
US3575349A (en) * 1968-03-20 1971-04-20 Stahl Karl Heinz Spraying apparatus
BE759401A (fr) * 1969-11-25 1971-04-30 Junkers & Co Installation de bruleurs pour la combustion d'un melange combustible-air
US3848408A (en) * 1973-02-08 1974-11-19 L Tompkins Counter-wave pulse jet engine
DE2507129A1 (de) * 1975-02-19 1976-09-09 Robert Von Dipl Ing Linde Rueckfuehrbrenner
DE2508770A1 (de) * 1975-02-28 1976-09-09 Ludwig Dipl Ing Dr Ing Huber Schwingbrenner mit einrichtung zur einstellung des zuendverzuges
DE2511171C2 (de) * 1975-03-14 1984-03-15 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Filmverdampfungs-Brennkammer
US4007002A (en) * 1975-04-14 1977-02-08 Phillips Petroleum Company Combustors and methods of operating same
JPS5593951A (en) * 1979-01-10 1980-07-16 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Exhaust gas circulator
SE7909435L (sv) * 1979-11-15 1981-05-16 Karl Borje Olsson Startanordning vid en forbrenningsapparat
JPS5897410U (ja) * 1981-12-25 1983-07-02 株式会社東芝 パルスバ−ナ
JPS5938514A (ja) * 1982-08-28 1984-03-02 Paloma Ind Ltd 脈動燃焼装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4634371A (en) 1987-01-06
FR2562211B1 (fr) 1988-04-22
EP0161954A1 (fr) 1985-11-21
FR2562211A1 (fr) 1985-10-04
CA1242136A (fr) 1988-09-20
DE3561176D1 (en) 1988-01-21
JPS60253706A (ja) 1985-12-14
ATE31359T1 (de) 1987-12-15

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