EP0160610B1 - Device for manufacturing a fancy yarn - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device for obtaining a new type of fancy yarn.

The invention relates more particularly to an improved device making it possible to obtain, from at least two wires, both fancy yarns presenting localized effects such as flames, buttons, loops, as fancy yarns presenting effects colored and / or wires in which one of the two constituents forms a core completely covered by the other constituent.

The invention also relates to the new type of son obtained by the implementation of this device.

Many techniques have been proposed for making fancy yarns. For those with localized effects over their length (flames, buttons, loops), the most common technique is to wrap at least one effect thread around a core thread, for example using a twisting machine comprising several pairs of delivery cylinders or a hollow spindle mill possibly equipped with a means of false twist. By varying the flow of the effect yarn relative to the core yarn and / or the winding speed and / or using a covering needle it is possible to obtain a wide variety of fancy yarns. However, this technique has many drawbacks, the main ones being, on the one hand, a low production speed and, on the other hand, the obligation to use an additional binding wire to stabilize the effects.

To increase production speeds, it has been proposed to assemble core and effect threads by false twist, possibly subjecting them to heat treatment before and / or after passing through the false twist member. With this technique, if one wishes to obtain stable effects which do not slip on the core thread, it is essential as previously to also use a binding thread.

Apart from the fancy yarns properly so called having localized effects, it has also been proposed to produce yarns called "core yarns" in which one of the constituted, generally constituted by a multifilament yarn is completely covered on its periphery. a second constituent generally made up of staple fibers. In the following description, this type of yarn will also be designated by the expression "fancy yarn". Obtaining such fancy core yarns is generally carried out on continuous spinning, the core being introduced into the wick of fibers upstream of the last pair of cylinders of the drawing train of the fibrous wick. According to this technique, the production speed is also low and above all the range of achievable wires is limited.

Finally, it has been envisaged, in FR-A-2426 102, 'to produce fancy yarns comprising a core thread and an effect thread in which the effect thread is attached to the core yarn by chain knit stitches formed by the core yarn itself. According to this document, although it does not emerge clearly from the description, the technique used to make such a yarn requires the use of a knitted weaving knitting machine comprising at least two guide bars, one of the bars forming chains and the other working in weft so as to form the effects. Optionally, the armor of the two bars can be reversed so that the two wires alternately form warps and wefts.

In such a type of yarn, the effects are well linked by the chains, it should however be noted that for its realization it requires the use of an expensive and delicate material to implement and which lacks flexibility. In addition, the winding of the son formed involves either the transformation of this trade to return each of the son individually or, if the son are wound on a common support tube, a complementary operation to put them on the individual supports.

Other solutions using knitting looms or the like have been proposed for making the threads, as is apparent from CH-A-592,765, GB-A-1,488,458 and FR-A-2,329,779. These solutions, like those covered by the aforementioned FR-A-2 426 102, lack versatility and generally only allow one type of wire to be obtained.

However, we have found, and this is the subject of the present invention, a particularly simple design device, easy to implement, which not only makes it possible to produce fancy yarns having localized effects, but also fantasy yarns with a core and this from materials that may have different characteristics.

• - une broche creuse rotative à l'intérieur de laquelle passe le fil réaliés, ladite broche supportant et entraînant en rotation au moins une aiguille de tricotage;
• - des moyens permettant de présenter au moins l'un des fils élémentaires dans le bec de l'aiguille lors de la rotation de ladits broche;
• - un ensembles fixe permettant de réaliser l'abattage des mailles formées sur l'aiguille et le guidage du fil fantaisie obtenu à l'intérieur du canal interne de la brochs creuse.

In general, the invention therefore relates to a device making it possible to obtain fancy yarns from at least two elementary yarns, said elementary yarns being linked together by chain stitches constituted by at least one of the two wires, said device being disposed between the source of supply of the elementary wires (1, 2) and the winding means of the fancy wire formed (4), the device according to the invention being characterized in that it comprises, mounted on a common support:

• - a hollow rotary spindle inside which the realiés thread passes, said spindle supporting and driving in rotation at least one knitting needle;
• - Means for presenting at least one of the elementary son in the needle beak during the rotation of said spindle;
• - a fixed assembly allowing the knitting of the meshes formed on the needle and the guiding of the fancy thread obtained inside the internal channel of the hollow brochs.

Furthermore, the device according to the invention comprises, in a known manner upstream and downstream, means for compensating for the voltage wires and breakage detection.

According to a preferred embodiment, the means making it possible to present at least one of the threads in the needle beak during the rotation of the spindle are in the form of guides which can be actuated selectively so as to present at least one of the threads or all of the threads inside the needle beak. These guides are, according to one embodiment, in the form of a double cam. Optionally, the device can also be associated with an assembly comprising a chisel and a holding clamp making it possible to deliver one of the constituents intermittently through the meshes formed by the other constituent.

Thanks to such a device, it is possible to obtain a type of fancy yarn which may as well have stable protuberances and blocked along their length, the size of these protuberances being able to vary within wide limits, without the addition of a tying yarn than to make fancy yarns comprising an internal core regularly covered by a second constituent, the cover being perfectly stable around said core.

The device according to the invention can be used to work yarns of any kind, whether they are of continuous filament or based on staple fibers, these yarns possibly being able to have received additional treatments, for example a prior treatment of false texturing torsion.

In addition, the fancy yarn produced in accordance with the invention can be used as it is without it being necessary to communicate an additional twist to it or, depending on the intended uses, to receive such a twist.

The invention and the advantages which it brings will however be better understood thanks to the example of embodiment of a device according to the invention given below and which is illustrated by the appended diagrams as well as to the various examples of implementation. using such a device.

• - la figure 2 est une vue de détail en élévation montrant les principaux éléments d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention, cette vue étant représentée partiellement en coupe,
• - la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne AA de la figure 1 ;
• - les figures 4 à 9 sont des vues de détail montrant les différentes pieces constituant un dispositif réalisé conformément à l'invention,
• - la figure 10 illustre une variante d'un dispositif selon l'invention équipé d'un organe coupe-fil permettant d'assurer une alimentation intermittente de l'un des deux constituants entrant dans la réalisation d'un fil fantaisie conforme à l'invention.

In the attached diagrams, Figure 1 illustrates the block diagram of an installation for manufacturing a fancy yarn equipped with a device according to the invention;

• FIG. 2 is a detail view in elevation showing the main elements of a device according to the invention, this view being shown partially in section,
• - Figure 3 is a sectional view along line AA of Figure 1;
• FIGS. 4 to 9 are detailed views showing the various parts constituting a device produced in accordance with the invention,
• - Figure 10 illustrates a variant of a device according to the invention equipped with a wire cutter to ensure intermittent supply of one of the two constituents involved in the production of a fancy wire according to invention.

If reference is made to the appended figures, and more particularly to FIG. 1, the device according to the invention making it possible to produce fancy yarns from at least two elementary yarns (1, 2) consists of an assembly , designated by the general reference (3) disposed between the source of supply of the elementary wires (1, 2) and the member, for receiving the fancy wire formed (4). Food and reception being the conventional means, they have not been shown and will not be described for the sake of simplification. The assembly (3) according to the invention making it possible to combine the elementary wires (1, 2) in order to form the fancy wire (4) comprises mounted on a common support (5), fixed on the frame of the machine, a hollow spindle (6), rotary, the structure and operation of which is clearly shown in FIG. 1. On this spindle (6), is mounted fixed at least one conventional knitting needle (7), in the present case a palette.

The device also comprises means (8) making it possible to present one and / or the other of the elementary threads (1, 2) in the beak of the needle (7) during the rotation of the spindle (6).

In addition, a fixed assembly (9, 10) makes it possible to cut down the meshes formed on the needle (7) and guide the fancy yarn obtained inside the internal channel of the hollow spindle (6). The structure and operation of such an assembly is clear from the detail figures 2 and 3, the various elementary parts constituting such a device being illustrated by FIGS. 4 to 9.

The rotary spindle (6) serving to support the needle (7) essentially consists of a roller (see figures 4 and 5) mounted on a bushing (11) (see figure 6) comprising two bearings (12, 13) . The blocking of the assembly is obtained by means of a nut (14). The needle (7) is fixed in the roller (6) by any suitable means, for example by blocking its heel (14) by means of a key system (15) (FIG. 7) immobilized by a fixed nut (16 ). In the present case, the rotary spindle (6) supports a single needle (7) but of course several needles could be provided on this spindle, these needles being regularly spaced. The drive of the needle holder (6) (or spindle) is obtained for example by means of a tangential belt (17).

On the fixed axis X of the rotary spindle (6), is disposed a fixed assembly (9, 10) making it possible to knock down the stitches supplied on the needle as well as guiding the fancy yarn obtained inside the internal channel (18). This fixed assembly consists of two cams (9, 10) defining between them a passage (19) having a very precise profile which is clearly shown in FIG. 2. The structure of these two cams is clearly shown in FIGS. 6 and 9.

The cam (9), known as the main cam, is mounted at the end of a tube (18) forming the actual wire passage channel. This cam (9) / channel (18) assembly can be produced either in two elementary parts assembled together or in one piece.

The tube (18) is fixed, for example by means of a screw (20) on the arm (21) of the support (5).

The second cam (10), called the cam follower, is disposed opposite the main cam (9) and is mounted, also fixed, on the lower arm (22) of the support (5).

The structure of this cam follower is illustrated in FIG. 9. It is mounted on the arm (22) by means of an axis (23) immobilized by means of a screw (24). Thanks to such mounting of the cams (9) and (10), it is possible to vary the spacing (19) between the two cam profiles (9,10) by sliding the shafts (18 - 23) in their housing. Furthermore, the shaft (23) may possibly be hollow to allow the passage of either one of the two wires used which will then serve as a core or, possibly, a third wire on which the meshes produced will be wound. which will thus form a wrapping around it.

The cam follower (10) also has a groove (25) intended to guide and hold the threads taken by the needle and form a loop for the formation of the mesh. The shape of this groove (25) is such that it allows the threads to be retained during the rotation of the needle (s).

Finally, the device according to the invention comprises means (8) making it possible to present one and / or the other of the elementary threads (1, 2) in the beak of the needle (7) during the rotation of the pin (6).

This assembly consists, in this case, and as it relates more particularly of Figure 3 and Figure 8 of a double cam (26). This double cam (26) is mounted on a support (28) which is associated with means making it possible to rotate it according to a determined frequency. It makes it possible to modify the position of presentation of the elementary wires (1, 2) relative to the plane in which the end of the needle (7) moves.

Thus, in the position shown in Figure 1, the thread (2) is positioned above the passage plane of the end of the needles while the thread (1) is disposed below. Consequently, the needle (7) will only be supplied with the wire (2), the wire (1) passing under the said needle.

On the other hand, when the cam (8) comes into the position illustrated in FIG. 2, that is to say that the two pins (1) and (2) are presented in the same plane, the two wires will be taken by the needle beak.

By reversing the position of the cam relative to Figure 1, it will be possible to take the wire (1) by the needle and to escape the wire (2).

Of course, as is apparent from FIG. 1, conventional voltage compensating means and breakage detectors are provided both for the elementary wires (1, 2) and for the fancy wire formed (4). Since such means are well known to technicians, they will not be described. The operation of such a device is as follows.

The two elementary wires (1, 2) coming from a power source (not shown), after passing over tensioning means, are brought to the presentation assembly (8) (cam) which, depending on its position, has either needle thread (or both) to the needle (7). Assuming that the presentation assembly (8) in the position shown in Figure 1 the thread (2) is disposed above the plane of rotation of the needle (7) while the thread (1) is arranged below. The two wires then pass through the guide slot (25) provided in the cam follower (10). During the rotation of the spindle (6) the needle (7), the pallet of which has been previously opened, for example by means of a semi-circular magnet (27) acting on the pallets after felling, receives the wire (2) . At each turn, a mesh is therefore formed which makes it possible to assemble the two threads together which are extracted to be brought to the winding member through the axial hollow tube (18).

Thanks to such a device, it is possible to obtain a large number of different threads as much by their composition as by the effects they exhibit. The examples of realization of some of these types of son will be given below for information.

Example 1:

• - le fil (1) est un fil de couleur bleue, à base de coton, ayant un titre de 500 décitex ;
• - le fil (2) est un fil de couleur blanche, à base d'acrylique ayant un titre de 660 décitex.

On a device according to the invention of the type illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 figures substantially on scale I, a fancy yarn is produced from two elementary yarns (1, 2):

• - The thread (1) is a blue colored thread, based on cotton, having a count of 500 decitex;
• - the thread (2) is a white thread, based on acrylic with a titer of 660 decitex.

The device according to the invention is adjusted so that the presentation cam (8) is in the position shown in Figure 1, that is to say that only the wire (2) will be deposited in the spout of the needle (7) the thread (1) permanently escaping from this needle. In the present case, a single needle (7) is mounted on the rotary spindle (6). The speed of drawing of the fancy yarn formed (4) is adjusted to 120 m / min and the speed of rotation of the spindle (6) to approximately 1000 rpm.

By working in this way, a fancy yarn is obtained which has a blue and white mottled appearance, the blue yarn being trapped substantially in a rectilinear manner inside the stitches formed by the white yarn which, in turn, are greatly stretched.

Such a thread can be used as it is in weaving or knitting and gives articles with a mottled appearance.

Example 2:

On the same device as above, equipped with a single needle and working at the same speed, two wires (1, 2) are fed, one consisting of a 22 Dtex nylon thread, the other of an acrylic thread. 500 decitex.

In operation, the presenter (8) is adjusted so that its position is changed intermittently so that the nylon thread is taken by the needle at each revolution of the spindle (6) while the acrylic thread is taken only intermittently . To obtain this result, the presenter (8) is placed either in the position shown in FIG. 1 or in that shown in FIG. 2.

A fancy yarn is obtained having, along its length, flamed portions in excess thickness constituted by an interlocking of meshes when the two threads are taken simultaneously by the needle (7) these flamed portions being separated by zones in which only the nylon thread forms stitches, which gives them the acrylic thread.

Example 3:

A fancy thread is produced by equipping the rotary spindle (6) with four needles (7) regularly spaced on said spindle. The device is powered by two wires (1, 2) of the same kind, namely acrylic wires having a titer of 500 decitex.

The presenting guide (8) is activated so that, at variable time intervals, the needles take either the thread (1), or the thread (2) or the two threads together.

We obtain a fancy yarn with more or less large flames, separated from each other by thin parts.

As with the previous yarns, the effects are particularly stable, and they can be used directly either in weaving or knitting.

The above examples clearly show the wide variety of wires which can be obtained when using the device according to the invention.

In all cases, the effects formed are perfectly stable.

Of course, the invention is not limited to these exemplary embodiments given above, but it covers all the variants produced in the same spirit.

Thus, it can be envisaged to associate with the device according to the invention a system (30) making it possible to cut one or the other of the wires intermittently and which makes it possible to simply inject a length of wires or fibers of different natures. The injection of the different fibers will be carried out by means of an assembly (30) mounted inside the cam (10), and set back with respect to the plane of rotation of the needle (7). This assembly (30) essentially comprises a chisel and a clamp whose actions are synchronized.

The operation of such an assembly is clear from Example 4 below.

Example 4

On the same device as above, equipped with a single needle, two threads (1, 2) are fed, one consisting of a 22 dtex nylon thread, the other of a 500 dtex acrylic thread.

In operation the presenter (8) is adjusted so that its position is changed intermittently so that the nylon thread is caught by the needle at each turn of the spindle (6). This wire will be presented so as not to penetrate into the jaws of the chisel. On the other hand, the acrylic thread will only be taken intermittently according to the position of the cam (8) which will be synchronized with the chisel, so that when the acrylic thread is lowered to escape the grip of the needle, the chisel cuts it and at the same time the clamp retains it, thus preventing it from leaving the field of passage of the needle to allow it, when the cam (8) will represent the acrylic thread at the grip of the needle, leave with the chain stitches.

When the acrylic thread goes up, the chisel opens and releases the acrylic thread which resumes its cycle with the nylon to form a flame.

In this variant, it is also necessary to synchronize the needle with the chisel and the cam (8) to avoid having at the end of the flame a piece of wire which would not be trapped in the chain.

A fancy yarn is thus obtained comprising a nylon thread of 22 dtex in the form of a chain which periodically contains, depending on the settings, flames formed by acrylic fibers.

The description and the example which precedes clearly shows the advantages brought by the invention and the large varieties of type of son which allows such a device. It should also be noted that the control of the means of presentation of one or more needle threads will be obtained by any suitable means, but preferably it will be carried out by means of a programmable electronic system. In addition, the device according to the invention can be used to produce core wires comprising an perfectly rectilinear internal core covered with a homogeneous sheath. In such a case, it suffices to bring an additional thread in the axis of the spindle, this thread being covered by the threads presented to the needles supported by said spindle.

Finally, if in the examples given above the fancy yarns produced are obtained from elementary yarns, it could be envisaged to deliver more than two yarns to the device according to the invention, at least one of these yarns forming stitches.

Claims (3)

1. A device for manufacturing fancy yarns from at least two elementary yarns (1, 2), said elementary yarns (1, 2) being connected to each other by chain stitches constituted by at least one of the two yarns, said device being disposed between the source of supply of the elementary yarns (1, 2) and the means for winding the fancy yarn (4) formed, characterized in that it comprises, mounted on a common support (5):

- a rotatable hollow spindle (6) inside which passes the yarn made, said spindle (6) supporting and rotating at least one knitting needle (7);

- means (8) for presenting at least one of the elementary yarns (1, 2) in the nose of the needle (7) during rotation of said spindle (6);

- a fixed assembly (9, 10) for casting off the stitches formed on the needle (7) and guiding the fancy yarn obtained inside the internal channel of the hollow spindle.

2. A device according to the claim 1, characterized in that the means for presenting one and/or the other of the yarns (1, 2) in the nose of the needle (7) during rotation of the spindle (6) are in the form of guides adapted to be actuated selectively so as to present one or the other of the two yarns or the two yarns together inside the nose of the needle.

3. A device according to the claim 2, characterized in that the guides are in the form of a double cam (8).

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