EP0160543A2 - Aérateur pouvant être fermé pour empêcher la diffusion de fumée et de feu - Google Patents

Aérateur pouvant être fermé pour empêcher la diffusion de fumée et de feu Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0160543A2
EP0160543A2 EP85302977A EP85302977A EP0160543A2 EP 0160543 A2 EP0160543 A2 EP 0160543A2 EP 85302977 A EP85302977 A EP 85302977A EP 85302977 A EP85302977 A EP 85302977A EP 0160543 A2 EP0160543 A2 EP 0160543A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shutter
shutters
panel
ventilator
openings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85302977A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0160543A3 (fr
Inventor
Robert Alfred Tanner
Peter Mackie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dixon International Ltd
Original Assignee
Dixon International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dixon International Ltd filed Critical Dixon International Ltd
Publication of EP0160543A2 publication Critical patent/EP0160543A2/fr
Publication of EP0160543A3 publication Critical patent/EP0160543A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/24—Operating or controlling mechanisms
    • A62C2/246—Operating or controlling mechanisms having non-mechanical actuators
    • A62C2/247—Operating or controlling mechanisms having non-mechanical actuators electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/12—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of sliding members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F24F11/35—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke by closing air passages

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ventilator of the type comprising a panel having ventilation openings and a shutter for closing the openings to inhibit passage of smoke through the openings for example in the event of fire or smoke being detected.
  • the present invention aims to provide an improved ventilator of the type referred to.
  • a ventilator comprising: a panel having at least one ventilation opening; at least one shutter movably mounted on the panel, the shutter or shutters in a first position allowing flow of air through the ventilation opening or openings and in a second position closing the opening or openings; means for holding the shutter or shutters in said first position; means for holding the shutter or shutters in said second position; means for effecting movement of the shutter or shutters from said first position to said second position; and sealing means which when the shutter or shutters are in said second position cooperate with the shutter or shutters and the panel to provide a seal extending substantially completely around the ventilation opening or openings.
  • the ventilator may comprise (a) only one shutter movable between the first position in which air is allowed to flow through the ventilation opening or openings and the second position in which the shutter causes the sealing means to cooperate with the shutter and the panel to provide the seal extending substantially completely around the ventilation opening or openings or (b) a plurality of shutters movable between respective positions in which air is allowed to flow through the ventilation opening or openings and respective positions in which the shutters together cause the sealing means to cooperate with the shutter and the panel to provide a seal extending substantially completely around the ventilation opening or openings.
  • the means for holding the shutter or shutters in said first position may be electromagnetic means which when de-energized releases the shutter or shutters to allow it or them to move to said second position.
  • electromagnetic means may be one of more electromagnets or solenoids which magnetically hold the shutter or shutters in said first position or may comprise an electromagnetically operated catch which when released allows the shutter or shutters to move to said second position.
  • the shutter or shutters may be urged towards said second position by gravity or means such as one or more springs or hydraulic or pneumatic means may be provided to urge the shutter or shutters towards said second position.
  • the means for effecting movement of the shutter or shutters from said first to said second position and for holding it or them in said second position may be one or more springs connected between the shutter or shutters and the panel.
  • the means for holding the or each shutter in said first position, the means for holding the shutter in said second position and the means for effecting movement of the shutter may comprise a threaded shaft connected to the shutter and driven by a motor such that rotation of the shaft effects the movement of the shutter.
  • the means for effecting movement of the shutter or shutters is connected to a smoke detector, the detection of smoke causing the shutter or shutters to move to said second position.
  • the smoke detector may be mounted in a housing of the ventilator or otherwise be closely associated with the ventilator or may be positioned remote from the ventilator, e.g. on a ceiling of a room, in a wall or door of which the ventilator is mounted.
  • the seal is provided by sliding sealing members extending in the direction of movement of the or each shutter and resilient sealing members extending transverse to said direction.
  • Such sealing members may be held under compression to enhance their sealing ability and to compensate for any irregularities in the surfaces against which they seal.
  • the first ventilator shown therein comprises a casing, a front panel 1 of which has an aperture therein. There is fastened to the panel 1, over the aperture, by means of screws (not shown) a louvre plate 2. A plurality of louvres 2' are pressed out of the plate 2 thereby to provide openings 3 for flow of air.
  • a steel shutter 4 is slidably mounted on the rear of the panel 1.
  • Two polytetrafluorethylene (ptfe) strips 5 are affixed to the rear of the panel 1.
  • Two ptfe strips 6 are affixed to the front of the shutter 4 adjacent its side edges and, as described below, each strip 6-slides on a respective one of the strips 5.
  • a plurality of holes 7 are provided in the shutter 4 adjacent its side edges. Each hole 7 accommodates a steel ball 8.
  • edges of the strips 6, facing inwardly of the shutter 4, are flush with the corresponding edges of the strips 5 and the strips 5 extend substantially the whole length of the members 9.
  • the strips 6 extend from the top edge of the shutter 4 to the bottom edge of the shutter.
  • Two guide members 9 are mounted in the rear of the panel 1. Each provides a concave guide track 10 in which the balls 8 at the respective sides of the shutter 4 engage. The shutter 4 can thus slide up and down relative to the panel 1, the balls 8 rotating cn the concave guide track 10 and the ptfe strips 6 sliding on the ptfe strips 5.
  • the guide members 9 may be spring loaded to compensate for irregularities in e.g. the surface of the track 10 or the engaging surfaces of the strips 5 and 6.
  • a resilient blade 11 engaging, at its free edge, the panel 1.
  • the ends of the blades 11 are in contact with or closely adjacent the respective strips 5 and 6.
  • an elongate resilient sealing member 12 is affixed on the front of the shutter 4, adjacent its bottom edge.
  • Each end of the member 12 is in contact with or closely adjacent the respective strip 6.
  • another- elongate sealing member 13 is affixed on the panel 1 below the louvres 2', each end of which is in contact with or closely adjacent the respective strip 5.
  • Two tension coil springs 14 (not shown in Figure 3) are connected between the panel 1 and the shutter 4 and urge the shutter downwardly (as viewed in Figure 1).
  • Two electromagnets 15 are mounted on the panel 1 and connected to a smoke sensor.
  • the electromagnets 15 are de-energized.
  • the shutter 4 is then pulled by the springs 14 to its second position in which the resilient members 12 and 13 sealingly engage each other, the member 13 acting as a stop to limit downward movement of the shutter.
  • a seal is also provided by each pair of engaging ptfe strips 5 and 6 and by the blade 11_ engaging with the panel 1.
  • the ventilator of Figures 1 to 3 may be modified as described below with reference to Figure 3A.
  • each guide member 9 has a channel-section portion 9'.
  • Springs 20 act between the base of the channel section portion 9' and a steel carrier strip 21.
  • a ptfe strip 22 To the strip 21 is affixed a ptfe strip 22.
  • a ptfe strip 23 is affixed to the rear of the shutter 4, adjacent each of its side edges.
  • Each strip 23 extends from the top edge of the shutter to its bottom edge.
  • Each ptfe strip 22 is urged by the springs 21 against the corresponding ptfe strip 23.
  • a sealing strip similar to strip 13 may be provided on the panel 1 at a position for the blade 11 to engage therewith when the shutter 4 is in its second position.
  • the blade 11 may be replaced by a pair of strips similar to strips 12 and 13 and affixed respectively to the rear of the shutter 4 adjacent the upper edge and to the rear of the panel at a position such that the two strips sealingly engage with each other when the shutter 4 is in its second position.
  • the top edge of the shutter may be provided with a lip and a resilient sealing member fixed on the rear of the panel 1 such that when the shutter 4 is in its second position the lip sealingly engages with the resilient sealing member. Both the lip and the resilient sealing member should extend completely between the ptfe strips 5 and 6.
  • Intumescent material may be provided on the louvres 2', e.g. on their rear surface, so that in the event of a fire, the intumescent material intumesces and closes the" openings 3 thereby preventing flow of air through the ventilator even if any of the sealing members 11,12 and 13 or the ptfe strips 5 and 6 lose their sealing capability under the heat of the fire.
  • Intumescent material may also be provided on the front and/or rear surface of the shutter 4.
  • the strips 5 and 6 may be made of low friction material other than ptfe.
  • a brush e.g. a nylon brush, may be used instead of the resilient blade 11.
  • the blade 11 may be replaced by a compression seal.
  • the sealing members 12 and 13 may be replaced by a single compression seal or a pair of compression seals.
  • Such compression seals may be tubular resilient compression seals.
  • More than two springs 14 may be provided. Only one electromagnet 15 may suffice.
  • the plate 2 is shown as a louvre plate it may instead be in the form of a grille or grating or perforated sheet.
  • Externally visible means may be provided to indicate that the shutter 4 is in its second position so that it is readily apparent when the ventilator has been closed and needs to be reset (i.e. reopened by moving the shutter to its first position). Also externally operable means may be provided to enable the ventilator to be readily manually reset when necessary.
  • Each of the casing, the plate 2 and the shutter 4 may, instead of being made of metal, be made as a flame-retardant polyester resin moulding.
  • the ventilator shown therein is similar to that shown in Figures 1 to 3 except that it has two shutters 4' connected by the springs 14. When the shutters 4 are in their first position they are disposed respectively to the left and right of the louvres 2 When the electromagnets are de-energized the shutters 4 are pulled by the springs 14 to cover the louvres.
  • the third ventilator shown in the drawings comprise a circular ventilator panel 1.
  • a plurality of openings 3 are provided in the panel for flow of air, portions la of the panel being disposed between the openings 3.
  • a steel shutter 4 is mounted on the rear of the panel 1 and is rotatable about the centre 5 of the panel.
  • the shutter 4 comprises blades 4'.
  • the shutter 4 When the shutter 4 is in a first position the blades 4' are in registry with the portions la of the panel 1 so that air can flow freely through the openings 3.
  • An electromagnet similar to the electromagnets 15 referred to above is provided for retaining the shutter 4 in the first position (as indicated by broken lines in Figure 4).
  • a tension spring (not shown) is provided for urging the shutter 4 to a second position (as indicated by full lines in Figure 4) in which the blades 4' are in registry with and close the openings 3 to block flow of air through the openings.
  • the electromagnet is connected to a smoke sensor.
  • the electromagnet holds the shutter 4 in the first position but if smoke is detected by the smoke detector the electromagnet is de-energized and the shutter is pulled by the tension spring to its second position.
  • Sealing means may be provided around the entire periphery of each blade 4' and/or around the entire periphery of each opening 3 so that when the shutter is in its second position the openings 3 are sealed closed.
  • Such sealing means may be constituted by sealing members similar to the sealing members described above with reference to the first ventilator.
  • the seal may be provided at the radially outer edges of the blades 4' and the openings 3 in the same manner as the seal is provided along the side edges of the panel 1 in the first ventilator and the seal may be provided along the radially extending edges of the blades 4' and the openings 3 in the same manner as the seal is provided along the top and bottom edges of the panel 1 in the first ventilator.
  • the ventilator shown in Figure 6 is similar to the previously described ventilators, in particular the ventilator of Figures 1 to 3A except as described below.
  • the ventilator comprises, mounted within the casing 1, an electric motor 40, a compartment 41 for accommodating - a transformer or battery for powering the motor and a compartment 42 accommodating a smoke-detector unit and a siren.
  • the motor 40 is provided with a geared drive shaft 43 which has a threaded portion engaging in an internally threaded bush 44 non-rotatably attached to the shutter 4. (Conveniently the shaft 43 is made of conventional studding).
  • the smoke detector When smoke is detected by the smoke detector, the smoke detector causes the motor 40 to operate to rotate the shaft 43 thereby to cause the bush 43 to move along the shaft and the shutter 4 to move from its first to its second position. Also the siren is caused to sound by the smoke detector when the latter detects smoke.
  • a trip switch (not shown) is provided to switch off the motor 40 when the shutter reaches its second position.
  • the smoke detector may be connected to an alarm system external of the ventilator.
  • the sealing around the shutter 4 in the ventilator of Figure 6 is provided by sliding ptfe strips, as shown in Figure 3 or 3A and by sponge Neoprene sealing members such as members 12 and 13 shown in Figure 2.
  • the motor may comprise a threaded shaft which engages in a fixed non-rotatable internally threaded bush of the motor, the shaft being attached to the shutter in a manner that allows the shaft to rotate. Rotation of the shaft by the motor then causes the shaft to move along its longitudinal axis to cause the shutter to move between its first and second positions.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
EP85302977A 1984-04-27 1985-04-26 Aérateur pouvant être fermé pour empêcher la diffusion de fumée et de feu Withdrawn EP0160543A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8410927 1984-04-27
GB848410927A GB8410927D0 (en) 1984-04-27 1984-04-27 Ventilator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0160543A2 true EP0160543A2 (fr) 1985-11-06
EP0160543A3 EP0160543A3 (fr) 1986-02-05

Family

ID=10560241

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85302977A Withdrawn EP0160543A3 (fr) 1984-04-27 1985-04-26 Aérateur pouvant être fermé pour empêcher la diffusion de fumée et de feu

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0160543A3 (fr)
AU (1) AU4171885A (fr)
GB (2) GB8410927D0 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA853158B (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2213719A (en) * 1988-01-13 1989-08-23 Actionair Equip Sliding plate fire and smoke damper
FR2680469A1 (fr) * 1991-08-23 1993-02-26 Halton Oy Coupe-feu et procede pour bloquer un element de fermeture de coupe-feu.
EP0540873A2 (fr) * 1991-11-08 1993-05-12 Whirlpool Europe B.V. Réfrigérateur du type à circulation forcée d'air comprenant un conduit d'air équipé d'un obturateur
WO2002061346A1 (fr) * 2001-01-29 2002-08-08 Mcgill Joseph A Registre ajustable pour systemes de circulation d'air
EP1275811A1 (fr) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-15 Effertz Tore GmbH Porte coupe-feu
WO2003006775A1 (fr) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-23 Effertz Tore Gmbh Porte coupe-feu
US6991536B2 (en) 2000-12-01 2006-01-31 Kent Tooling And Components Limited Air flow controller and fire damper in an air flow duct
EP1684026A1 (fr) * 2005-01-21 2006-07-26 Martin Reuter Système de fermeture automatique de passages
CN104422099A (zh) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-18 海尔集团公司 空调
RU2740049C1 (ru) * 2020-07-01 2020-12-31 Николай Александрович Туленинов Вентиляционная решетка системы вентиляции здания (варианты)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2194327A (en) * 1986-05-13 1988-03-02 Nuaire Ltd System for opening louvre ventilators
GB2269097B (en) * 1992-07-23 1996-05-01 Environmental Seals Ltd Improvements in or relating to fire barriers
GB2272836B (en) * 1992-07-23 1996-09-11 Environmental Seals Ltd Improvements in or relating to smoke barriers
DE29520276U1 (de) * 1995-12-21 1996-02-15 Schulte, Günter, 59757 Arnsberg Wartungsfreie Vorrichtung zur rauch- und brandsicheren Abschottung einer Lüftungsrohrleitung
GB2312842B (en) * 1996-05-10 1999-10-27 Environmental Seals Ltd Improvements in or relating to smoke and fire barriers
GB9804052D0 (en) * 1998-02-27 1998-04-22 Kovacs Laurence K Ventilator grille
US6342004B1 (en) * 2000-03-01 2002-01-29 Digital Lightwave, Inc. Automatic fire shutter mechanism for rack mounted chassis systems
GB2361867B (en) * 2000-05-04 2003-03-26 Environmental Seals Ltd Ventilator grills
AT412570B (de) * 2001-09-19 2005-04-25 Gande Astrid Einrichtung für die regelung der lüftung in tunnels

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2827140A (en) * 1954-10-06 1958-03-18 S H Pomeroy Company Inc Automatic fire window structure
FR1425687A (fr) * 1962-04-24 1966-01-24 Westfaelisches Metallwerk Registre d'aération
US3537380A (en) * 1968-01-22 1970-11-03 Wehr Corp Variable volume distributor adapted to provide uniform throw
FR2131958A1 (fr) * 1971-03-31 1972-11-17 Sobinco Fa
US3799046A (en) * 1972-04-06 1974-03-26 Mitco Corp Diffuser valve
FR2274004A1 (fr) * 1974-06-06 1976-01-02 Canivet Herve Dispositif de desenfumage et de ventilation permanente
FR2338091A1 (fr) * 1976-01-13 1977-08-12 Sirulik Wilhelm Dispositif de securite applicable notamment aux hottes de cuisine
FR2411948A1 (fr) * 1977-12-14 1979-07-13 Dorma Baubeschlag Porte coulissante
DE2935566A1 (de) * 1979-09-03 1981-03-19 Kessler & Luch Gmbh, 6300 Lahn-Giessen Vorrichtung zur regelung des von einer zentralen anlage eines klimasystems
DE3215076A1 (de) * 1982-04-22 1983-10-27 Werner 7317 Wendlingen Schloz Flammenschutzvorrichtung fuer rohrpostsysteme

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB457988A (en) * 1935-04-10 1936-12-10 Zeiss Ikon Ag Improvements relating to protective devices for cinema projection rooms
GB734681A (en) * 1951-03-27 1955-08-03 Expl Des Procedes Charles Stra Room-heating process using hot air and installation for carrying such process into effect
US4081173A (en) * 1976-05-26 1978-03-28 Mccabe Francis J Rotating blade fire damper
GB1548886A (en) * 1976-06-30 1979-07-18 Actionair Equip Fire damper
GB2032272A (en) * 1978-08-31 1980-05-08 Ameeco Ltd Self-closing vents and ventilation system
GB8315653D0 (en) * 1983-06-07 1983-07-13 Dixon International Ltd Ventilator device

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2827140A (en) * 1954-10-06 1958-03-18 S H Pomeroy Company Inc Automatic fire window structure
FR1425687A (fr) * 1962-04-24 1966-01-24 Westfaelisches Metallwerk Registre d'aération
US3537380A (en) * 1968-01-22 1970-11-03 Wehr Corp Variable volume distributor adapted to provide uniform throw
FR2131958A1 (fr) * 1971-03-31 1972-11-17 Sobinco Fa
US3799046A (en) * 1972-04-06 1974-03-26 Mitco Corp Diffuser valve
FR2274004A1 (fr) * 1974-06-06 1976-01-02 Canivet Herve Dispositif de desenfumage et de ventilation permanente
FR2338091A1 (fr) * 1976-01-13 1977-08-12 Sirulik Wilhelm Dispositif de securite applicable notamment aux hottes de cuisine
FR2411948A1 (fr) * 1977-12-14 1979-07-13 Dorma Baubeschlag Porte coulissante
DE2935566A1 (de) * 1979-09-03 1981-03-19 Kessler & Luch Gmbh, 6300 Lahn-Giessen Vorrichtung zur regelung des von einer zentralen anlage eines klimasystems
DE3215076A1 (de) * 1982-04-22 1983-10-27 Werner 7317 Wendlingen Schloz Flammenschutzvorrichtung fuer rohrpostsysteme

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2213719B (en) * 1988-01-13 1991-12-18 Actionair Equip Sliding plate fire and smoke damper
GB2213719A (en) * 1988-01-13 1989-08-23 Actionair Equip Sliding plate fire and smoke damper
FR2680469A1 (fr) * 1991-08-23 1993-02-26 Halton Oy Coupe-feu et procede pour bloquer un element de fermeture de coupe-feu.
EP0540873A2 (fr) * 1991-11-08 1993-05-12 Whirlpool Europe B.V. Réfrigérateur du type à circulation forcée d'air comprenant un conduit d'air équipé d'un obturateur
EP0540873A3 (en) * 1991-11-08 1993-11-24 Whirlpool Europ Actuator device for operating a shut-off member for an air duct in a refrigerator of forced air circulation type
US6991536B2 (en) 2000-12-01 2006-01-31 Kent Tooling And Components Limited Air flow controller and fire damper in an air flow duct
WO2002061346A1 (fr) * 2001-01-29 2002-08-08 Mcgill Joseph A Registre ajustable pour systemes de circulation d'air
EP1275811A1 (fr) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-15 Effertz Tore GmbH Porte coupe-feu
WO2003006775A1 (fr) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-23 Effertz Tore Gmbh Porte coupe-feu
EP1684026A1 (fr) * 2005-01-21 2006-07-26 Martin Reuter Système de fermeture automatique de passages
CN104422099A (zh) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-18 海尔集团公司 空调
CN104422099B (zh) * 2013-08-30 2017-04-05 海尔集团公司 空调
RU2740049C1 (ru) * 2020-07-01 2020-12-31 Николай Александрович Туленинов Вентиляционная решетка системы вентиляции здания (варианты)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4171885A (en) 1985-10-31
EP0160543A3 (fr) 1986-02-05
GB2161918B (en) 1988-10-12
ZA853158B (en) 1986-01-29
GB2161918A (en) 1986-01-22
GB8410927D0 (en) 1984-06-06
GB8510632D0 (en) 1985-06-05

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Inventor name: MACKIE, PETER

Inventor name: TANNER, ROBERT ALFRED