EP0158792B1 - Löffelbagger - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0158792B1
EP0158792B1 EP85102003A EP85102003A EP0158792B1 EP 0158792 B1 EP0158792 B1 EP 0158792B1 EP 85102003 A EP85102003 A EP 85102003A EP 85102003 A EP85102003 A EP 85102003A EP 0158792 B1 EP0158792 B1 EP 0158792B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
operating
joint
halves
plate
working tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85102003A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0158792A1 (de
Inventor
Wilfred Güthoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
Original Assignee
Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH filed Critical Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
Publication of EP0158792A1 publication Critical patent/EP0158792A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0158792B1 publication Critical patent/EP0158792B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/364—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat using wedges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3663—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat hydraulically-operated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3677—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like allowing movement, e.g. rotation or translation, of the tool around or along another axis as the movement implied by the boom or arms, e.g. for tilting buckets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a backhoe excavator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the backhoe excavator according to the invention is accordingly a single-bucket excavator, the digging vessel of which is preferably designed as a backhoe bucket that can be exchanged for another backhoe bucket.
  • the excavator according to the invention can also be designed as a universal excavator, in order to select other work tools, e.g. B. to be equipped with a ram or similar device.
  • the invention is preferably implemented on an exact excavator which has a straight guide of its bucket in the digging plane; Therefore, the invention is described below with reference to such an excavator.
  • the dipper stick In the case of diggers, the dipper stick is usually located at the top of the boom, which is often subdivided again, the parts being connected to one another via operating joints with articulated axes running transversely to the vertical pivoting plane of the boom, and actuated by double-acting working cylinders, the drive of which is generally hydraulic.
  • the digging tool is connected on the one hand with an operating joint to the tip of the dipper stick and has its own working cylinder, which at the
  • Exact excavators is connected to the boom.
  • the pivoting movement of a bucket serving as a digging tool around the axis of the operating joint located at the end of the dipper arm serves to fill and empty the bucket and also works to adjust the cutting angle of the bucket blade or the attached fangs.
  • the kinematics of a shovel excavator of this kind mean that the plane of the bucket or the bucket cutting edge, which runs transversely to the boom, runs parallel to the standing plane of the excavator, provided that no correction option is installed.
  • the crawler or wheel chassis of the excavator so that it can be pivoted relative to the uppercarriage, or to install a correction joint in the boom in order to be able to adjust the cutting plane of the excavator independently of the level of the undercarriage
  • the installation of a correction joint has been made with in the articulated axis of the boom between the bucket and the dipper arm was found to be optimal.
  • the drive of the joint is divided between the two working cylinders, which are arranged on each side of the pivot pin.
  • This arrangement of the working cylinders which is also common in other operating joints, enables the swiveling forces to be divided between the two working cylinders, which are therefore comparatively smaller, and also has the advantage of a lower bearing load in the operating joint.
  • the invention relates in particular to the operating joint which directly adjoins the bucket and thus preferably to the described correction joint for changing the grazing level compared to the standing level of the excavator undercarriage, which is preferably provided on the exact excavators described.
  • the excavator performance can be optimized by installing different digging vessels. For loose, light soils, a large-volume spoon can give the best results, while in the rocky bottom a smaller but more resistant spoon is required. Because of the good guiding properties, the exact excavators are particularly suitable for trenches. It is advisable to use a spoon, the profile of which corresponds to the trench profile. If you use the excavator for leveling, especially wide and mostly flat buckets are cheap. Even if such an excavator is not equipped with other work tools, the work tools have to be changed more often simply because of the different buckets. Then the optimization of the performance of the excavator depends on the timely change of the working tool and thus on the fact that the change can be carried out quickly and without any special effort by the excavator operator.
  • the invention is based on the exact excavator forming its preferred field of application (DE-A-28 51 942), because in this backhoe excavator the operating joint adjoining the bucket represents a correction joint in the sense explained above, which is actuated by two working cylinders. If the work tool is to be changed, the operating joint must be dismantled in order to clear the dipper stick for the change after loosening the piston rods of the working cylinder from the brackets of the spoon. Equally complex is the assembly of the spoon or another working tool that is to be exchanged for the dismantled spoon.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to enable a change of the work tool on a backhoe and thereby the necessary mechanics and their drives simple and so that they do not interfere with the straight line of an exact excavator of the type known as known and with other backhoe maintenance enable the hydraulic drives without a significant change in the hydraulic system with only slightly changed fastening means for the working tool, with only a few low-quality parts remaining on the replaced working tool.
  • those used to drive the operating joint i. H. used for the correction of the spoon required two working cylinders for the actuation of a mechanism which remains constantly on the dipper stick tip and includes the entire operating joint; by designing this mechanism according to the invention in the manner of pliers, it can grip the connections which are necessary anyway for the connection of the operating joint to the bucket or another work tool, which remain as the only, but particularly simple, components on the work tool; the locking is then only for the pliers legs i.e. Legs of the pliers-like mechanics are required for the time that the work tool in question is used on the excavator.
  • the invention has the advantage that it practically does not change the height of the articulated joint of the working tool due to the integration of the pliers joint in the operating joint, and therefore the straight guidance of the bucket does not degenerate prematurely or is completely eliminated in the case of the exact excavators. Since, according to the invention, the working cylinders are used to operate the tongs, one does not need to change the hydraulic control of the excavator, nor the hydraulic system for supplying the various working cylinders, and nevertheless achieves that the excavator operator can operate the tongs from the excavator and carry out the change of work tools . Since the pliers can also be kept closed with at least one working cylinder of the operating joint, the locking can be realized mechanically without disadvantage and can therefore u. a. consist of a simple bolt arrangement.
  • the excavator operator can facilitate the alignment of the pliers and their actuation, because the locking of the operating joint with a working cylinder holds the associated pliers leg and the gripping movement is carried out only with the other pliers leg.
  • the hinge of the mounting plate can be combined with the operating joint in a particularly simple manner, the implementation of the features of claim 5 resulting in a favorable distribution of the forces onto the bushing of the operating joint.
  • the assembly of the work tool to be replaced is made considerably easier because the excavator operator can use the guide bar as a guide for reaching the starting position of the pliers when pivoting the superstructure in preparation for gripping, which are achieved for the faultless engagement of the movable pliers leg got to.
  • the undercarriage (1) of the backhoe (2) rests on two caterpillars (3 and 4).
  • the superstructure (5) which can be swiveled around a kingpin on the undercarriage (1), carries the usual superstructures, including a driver's cab (6), which enables observation of the working tool (7) and from which the excavator is controlled.
  • the digging tool of the working equipment (7) consisting of a backhoe (8) i.e. of the working tool is connected via an operating joint (9) to an upper part (10), which is shown in more detail in FIG. 2.
  • the upper part (10) sits on an operating joint (11) which is arranged at the tip of the dipper stick (12).
  • a pivot lever (13) is articulated via a link (13 ') to the upper part (10) and articulated via a link (14) to the piston rod of a working cylinder (15), which in turn is connected to the tip (16) of the boom (17). is attached.
  • the handlebar (14) is supported by a double rocker arm (18) on the dipper stick (12).
  • the boom in turn is divided into a rocker arm (19) articulated on the superstructure (5) and a boom end piece (20). It is operated by a double-cylinder sliding piston gear, which is generally designated (22). The dipper stick is pivoted with a working cylinder (21).
  • the upper part (10) serves as shown in FIG. 2 for the displacement of the two working cylinders (23, 24), which together form the drive of the operating joint (9) between the bucket (8) forming the working equipment (7) and the Dipper stick is arranged.
  • the operating joint (9) consists of the joint pin (25) mounted in the upper part (10) and the joint bushings, which are generally designated by (28) and are explained in more detail below.
  • the hinge bushings are arranged on a mounting plate (27) which in turn is connected to the upper flat section of the bottom (28) of the bucket (8).
  • the mounting plate is mirror-symmetrically divided on two plate halves or pliers legs (29, 30) by a hinge.
  • the pliers legs have on their side facing the operating joint (9) or the dipper stick (31 or 32) the connection brackets (37, 38) consisting of two parallel fork legs (33, 34) or (35, 36) (Fig. 6) which connect the mounting plate (27) with the piston rods (39, 40) of the pistons (41, 42) in the working cylinders (23, 24).
  • Both joint halves are identical. They consist of a console divided into two fork sinks (45, 46) which are attached to the top (31) of the pliers leg (29) and a further bracket (47) which is arranged on the top (32) of the pliers leg (30) is.
  • the corresponding parts of the half (44) are denoted by the same reference numerals, which, however, have index marks to distinguish them.
  • the geometric axis of the operating joint (9) therefore coincides with the axis of the pliers hinge.
  • the inner hinge edges (49, 50) of the pliers legs (29, 30) are provided with semicircular recesses (51 to 54).
  • Two opposite recesses (51, 52) and (53, 54) each act with an anchoring means protruding vertically upwards from the top (55) of the spoon bottom (28) in the form of bolts (56, 57) or the one in plan rectangular plates (58, 59) together, which form the bolt heads.
  • the bottom of the bolt heads is, as shown at (60) in Fig. 5a, convexly curved to enable the mirror-free detection of the connections formed by the bolts (56 to 59) with the pliers legs (29, 30).
  • a guide bar (74) is arranged on the end face (61) of the bucket (8) facing the excavator operator in the cabin (6). Their function is explained in connection with the mode of action of the pliers legs (29, 30).
  • a 2/2-way valve (63) is installed in the feed line of the working cylinder (24) and can be actuated with a manual switch (64).
  • This valve is located between the oil supply pump (67) and the reservoir (68), which is switched to circulation in the position of the directional control valve (66) shown, so that the two working cylinders (23, 24) are blocked.
  • the directional valve (66) By adjusting the directional valve (66), the cylinders are acted on alternately, provided the directional valve (63) is in the position shown. In this way, the digging level can be corrected compared to the level of the excavator.
  • the working cylinder (24) is blocked. This is usually done in an approximately horizontal position of the mounting plate (27) as shown in Fig. 6. In this position, only the piston (41) of the working cylinder (23) can be controlled with the directional control valve (66). This movement is used to open and close the pliers leg (29).
  • the pliers legs (29, 30) are mirror-symmetrical to the hinge axis and the socket halves (43, 44) as well as the console parts (33 to 36) and the recesses (69 and 70) are mirror-symmetrical to the transverse axis (71) of the mounting plate (27 ) arranged.
  • the assembly of work equipment is explained below using the example of work equipment (7). For this it is assumed that the work equipment attached to the dipper stick (12) or the upper part (10) has already been removed.
  • the backhoe (8) lies on the level and is oriented so that its bottom (28) is at the top.
  • the directional control valve (63) is switched over, so that the working cylinder (24) is blocked, as a result of which the tong leg (30) is fixed.
  • the excavator operator now pivots the dipper stick and thus the upper part (10) from the cab (6) from the left to the right as shown in FIG. 7, the piston rod (39) being inserted into the working cylinder (23) and accordingly the pliers leg ( 29) is folded up.
  • the pliers legs (29, 30) thus opened are thus prepared for the pliers legs to be engaged in the connections.
  • the excavator operator orients himself on the guide bar (74), which interacts with the front edge of the tong leg (30) and indicates to the excavator operator when the semicircular recesses (52 and 54) under the Head plates (58, 59) of the bolts (56, 57) are engaged. This position has already been reached in the illustration in FIG. 8.
  • the pliers leg (30) lies on the top (55) of the bottom (28).
  • the piston (41) is extended further by actuating the directional control valve (66), so that the piston rod (39) pivots the tong leg (29) clockwise around the hinge pin (25) of the operating joint (9), which also forms the hinge axis.
  • the semicircular cutouts (51, 53) of the pliers leg (29) are finally engaged in the connections, just like the semicircular cutouts (52, 54) of the pliers leg (30).
  • the tong leg (29) in turn lies on the top (55) of the spoon bottom (28).
  • the excavator operator can block the further extension movement of the piston rod (39) by actuating the directional valve (66) and leave the cabin. He then turns the screw (73) through the recess (69) of the tong leg (29) into a threaded bore (69a, 70a) in the bottom (28) of the bucket (8), which together with a screw (73) passes through the recess (70) of the tong leg (30) in a threaded bore (69a, 70a) of the bottom (28) of the bucket (8), which locks the tong leg.
  • the directional control valve (63) has been changed over, the work equipment according to FIG. 10 can be put into operation. The dismantling of the work equipment is done in the opposite way.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
EP85102003A 1984-03-30 1985-02-23 Löffelbagger Expired EP0158792B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843411866 DE3411866A1 (de) 1984-03-30 1984-03-30 Loeffelbagger
DE3411866 1984-03-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0158792A1 EP0158792A1 (de) 1985-10-23
EP0158792B1 true EP0158792B1 (de) 1988-02-03

Family

ID=6232135

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85102003A Expired EP0158792B1 (de) 1984-03-30 1985-02-23 Löffelbagger

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4639183A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0158792B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPH073077B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1242170A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3411866A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0190856U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1987-11-30 1989-06-14
US4906161A (en) * 1987-11-30 1990-03-06 Weyer Paul P Tiltable bucket assembly
US5020249A (en) * 1989-06-19 1991-06-04 Matthews Carl S Bucket for excavating beneath buried utility lines
US4942682A (en) * 1989-07-13 1990-07-24 Ellicott Machine Corporation Dredging module for use with conventional back hoe apparatus
US4948328A (en) * 1989-10-16 1990-08-14 Busch Ronald S Quick attach bucket system for backhoes and the like
GB9110798D0 (en) * 1991-05-18 1991-07-10 Webster Machine Company Limite Mechanism for supporting an earthworking etc tool
US5145313A (en) * 1991-06-28 1992-09-08 Weyer Paul P Quick disconnect bucket actuator
US5242258A (en) * 1991-06-28 1993-09-07 Weyer Paul P Quick disconnect bucket actuator
DE4124461A1 (de) * 1991-07-24 1993-01-28 Schaeff Karl Gmbh & Co Baggerlader
US5486084A (en) * 1993-06-07 1996-01-23 Raymond F. Pitman Multiple purpose material handling and working apparatus
US5592762A (en) * 1995-08-16 1997-01-14 Deere & Company Excavator bucket linkage
DE29621253U1 (de) * 1996-12-06 1997-05-22 Mieger, Rolf, Ing. (grad.), 88457 Kirchdorf Schwenkadapter
DE19711649A1 (de) * 1997-03-20 1998-09-24 Lobbe Xenex Gmbh Verdichtungsvorrichtung
US6146082A (en) * 1999-01-19 2000-11-14 York; Rick R. Hydraulic swivel connector, excavating machine and method of use
US6269561B1 (en) * 1999-11-09 2001-08-07 Rockland Inc. Tiltable implement for excavator machines and the like
US6539650B2 (en) 2000-12-05 2003-04-01 Clark Equipment Company Swivel mounting for quick attachment bracket
KR101540422B1 (ko) * 2013-12-11 2015-07-30 임승진 굴삭기용 어태치먼트
US9926685B1 (en) * 2017-05-01 2018-03-27 Pengo Corporation Adjustable coupler for work implement

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3896950A (en) * 1974-01-02 1975-07-29 Willard E Mccain Excavating machine
US3985249A (en) * 1975-04-14 1976-10-12 International Harvester Company Quick change attachment
DE7717567U1 (de) * 1977-06-03 1977-10-13 Kienlein, Kurt, 8500 Nuernberg Vorrichtung zum gelenkigen Verbinden eines Baggerlöffels mit einem Baggerarm
DE2851942C2 (de) * 1978-12-01 1983-08-18 Friedrich Wilh. Schwing Gmbh, 4690 Herne Bagger
US4253793A (en) * 1979-06-11 1981-03-03 Braml Michael T Quick attachment for loader implements
US4251181A (en) * 1979-06-27 1981-02-17 Loed Corporation Implement coupling apparatus for boom-type vehicle
DE3032821A1 (de) * 1980-08-30 1982-04-15 Friedrich Wilh. Schwing Gmbh, 4690 Herne Loeffelbagger, insbesondere mit einer parallelfuehrung des auf einen vorgegebenen schnittwinkel eingestellten loeffels sowie einer anordnung zur kontrolle der stellung der schuerfeinrichtung des baggers zur schuerfsohle
US4397604A (en) * 1981-10-26 1983-08-09 Mccain Willard E Releasable bucket and other tool connection for backhoe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4639183A (en) 1987-01-27
DE3411866C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-02-25
DE3411866A1 (de) 1985-10-10
JPH073077B2 (ja) 1995-01-18
DE3561556D1 (en) 1988-03-10
EP0158792A1 (de) 1985-10-23
JPS60246932A (ja) 1985-12-06
CA1242170A (en) 1988-09-20

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