EP0158072A1 - Ballast électronique pour plusieurs lampes fluorescentes - Google Patents

Ballast électronique pour plusieurs lampes fluorescentes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0158072A1
EP0158072A1 EP19850102029 EP85102029A EP0158072A1 EP 0158072 A1 EP0158072 A1 EP 0158072A1 EP 19850102029 EP19850102029 EP 19850102029 EP 85102029 A EP85102029 A EP 85102029A EP 0158072 A1 EP0158072 A1 EP 0158072A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluorescent lamps
lamp
ignite
resonant circuit
fluorescent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19850102029
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ferdinand Dipl.-Ing. Mertens
Fred Dr.-Ing. Hasemann
Norbert Dipl.-Ing. Wittig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trilux GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Trilux Lenze GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Trilux Lenze GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Trilux Lenze GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0158072A1 publication Critical patent/EP0158072A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/2825—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage
    • H05B41/2827—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage using specially adapted components in the load circuit, e.g. feed-back transformers, piezoelectric transformers; using specially adapted load circuit configurations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic ballast for a plurality of fluorescent lamps, with a push-pull switch arrangement which is connected to a DC voltage and consists of two electronic switches and with a plurality of working resonant circuits controlled by the electronic switches, each of which has a fluorescent lamp connected in parallel with the resonant circuit capacitor and in series with the resonant circuit coil.
  • Electronic ballasts which serve to jointly connect two or more fluorescent lamps. ignite and operate. Such ballasts are used in particular in luminaires that contain several fluorescent lamps, which are always switched together. Difficulties arise in the ballasts mentioned that two or more Series resonant circuits are connected in parallel, of which the resonant circuit capacitor is bridged by a fluorescent lamp as soon as it has ignited.
  • the fluorescent lamp that ignites first brings about a reduction in the voltage applied to the working resonant circuits from approximately 900 V to approximately 450 V and a reduction in the oscillation frequency from approximately 80 kHz to approximately 22 kHz.
  • the second fluorescent lamp ignites much worse. At temperatures above approx. 15 ° C it is often observed that the second fluorescent lamp no longer ignites at all.
  • the newer lamp starts before the weaker older lamp.
  • the weaker lamp must therefore be started with a lower ignition voltage. This leads to a high emitter load on the heating wire of the fluorescent lamp and to glow discharges. This results in a higher lamp load and a reduction in lamp life.
  • ballasts are known which only make it possible to start a fluorescent lamp when the second fluorescent lamp has been inserted and is ready for operation. This is to ensure that a lamp is never operated with only one fluorescent lamp.
  • both fluorescent lamps do not work. The user must therefore replace both fluorescent lamps at the same time, especially since he cannot recognize which of the lamps is defective.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an electronic ballast of the type mentioned, which makes it possible to ignite each of these fluorescent lamps with increased voltage at several fluorescent lamps operated in parallel, even if the fluorescent lamps have different properties, such as. different ages, or have to be screwed into their versions one after the other.
  • the additional capacitor transmits an additional pulse to the other fluorescent lamp which has not yet been ignited, so that the lamp which is more unwilling to ignite receives an additional voltage surge. Due to the capacitive coupling, the weaker lamp is pulled along by the stronger one. Another advantage is that in the event that one fluorescent lamp has been unscrewed from its socket, the other fluorescent lamp will work. If the removed fluorescent lamp is then used, a voltage surge occurs on the additional capacitor, which causes the lamp used later to ignite immediately. The fact that the additional capacitor supplies a voltage pulse to the lamp which ignited last, the ignition process is accelerated and it becomes the harmful consequences of glow discharge caused by slow ignition are avoided. The lifespan of the fluorescent lamps is thus considerably increased.
  • the voice circuit coil is triggered when a surge occurs, e.g. when the fluorescent lamp is started, briefly saturated, which reduces its inductance.
  • the lamp when the lamp is started, its resistance and capacity naturally change. So far it has not been possible to exactly determine the function of the additional capacitor when starting the first fluorescent lamp or when turning in a further fluorescent lamp and to uncover the theoretical backgrounds. It is assumed that the capacitance of the additional capacitor temporarily forms a blocking circuit with the resonant circuit inductances and that, in addition to the coupling function which the additional capacitor has, temporary resonance functions also play a role.
  • the capacitance of the additional capacitor is preferably 1/5 to 4/5 of the capacitance of one of the resonant circuit capacitors and is in particular in the range of 1/3 to 2/3 of the capacitance of a resonant circuit capacitor. In these areas, the desired effect of generating a voltage pulse for the subsequently lighting fluorescent lamp is achieved with great certainty.
  • the ballast shown in FIG. 1 has a DC voltage source (not shown) which applies a DC voltage to the supply lines 10, 11.
  • the push-pull switch arrangement comprising the transistors of the same type connected in series, in the present case npn transistors, is placed between the supply lines 10, 11.
  • a series circuit comprising the primary coil 15 of a transformer 16 and a capacitor 17 is connected to the connection point 14 of the two transistors 12 and 13.
  • the resonant circuit coils L 1 and L 2 of the two fluorescent lamps 18 and 19 are connected to the other leg of the capacitor 17.
  • Each resonant circuit coil L 1 and L 2 is connected in series with the associated resonant circuit capacitor C 1 and C 2 .
  • the associated fluorescent lamp 18 or 19 is connected in parallel with the resonant circuit capacitor C 1 or C 2 .
  • One ends of the resonant circuit capacitors C 1 and the fluorescent lamps 18 and 19 are connected to the negative supply line 10.
  • Transistors 12 and 13 are switched in push-pull mode, ie when transistor 12 is conductive, transistor 13 is blocked and when transistor 13 is conductive, transistor 12 is blocked. However, overlap the blocking phases of both transistors slightly.
  • the transistors 12 and 13 are controlled via two secondary windings 20, 21 of the transformer 16.
  • the secondary winding 20 is connected to a control circuit 22, the output of which is connected to the base of the transistor 13.
  • the second secondary coil 21, which is also inductively coupled to the primary coil 15 of the transmitter 16, is connected to a control circuit 23, the output signal of which controls the base of the transistor 12.
  • the two secondary coils 20 and 21 are excited in opposite directions from one another by the primary coil 15 in order to control the transistors 12 and 13 in a push-pull manner, so that the connection point 14 alternately assumes the potentials of the positive and negative poles of the supply voltage when the current in the primary coil 15 oscillates.
  • the oscillating voltage for controlling the transistors 12, 13 is caused by the resonant circuits L 1 , C 1 and L 2 , C 2 .
  • each resonant circuit has a natural frequency of approximately 80 kHz. Since the resonant circuits are undamped, high voltages of approximately 900 V arise at the resonant circuit capacitors C 1 and C 2.
  • the series resonant circuits are damped by the parallel connection of the fluorescent lamps to the resonant circuit capacitors, so that the voltage present at the fluorescent lamps increases approx. 110 V (at 58 W fluorescent lamp Krypton) and the oscillation frequency is reduced to 33 kHz. Accordingly, the frequency at which the transistors 12 and 13 are reversed also changes.
  • the additional capacitor C 3 which has a capacitance of a few nF, is connected between the connection points of L 1 and C 1 and the connection points of L 2 and C2 .
  • This additional capacitor has the effect that, as soon as the first fluorescent lamp ignites, a voltage pulse is transmitted to the second fluorescent lamp, so that the ignition of this second fluorescent lamp is made easier.
  • both fluorescent lamps ignite practically at the same time, so that neither of the fluorescent lamps is supplied with the lower voltage for an extended period of time in the non-ignited state.
  • the resonant circuit components had the following dimensions:
  • the capacitance of the additional capacitor C 3 should be in the order of magnitude of the capacitance of the resonant circuit capacitor, but should be smaller than this.
  • FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 only in that instead of the common discharge capacitor 17, which supplies both series resonant circuits in FIG. 1, two identical capacitors 17a, 17b are provided, one of which is a capacitor 17a of the first Voice circuit coil L 1 is connected upstream, while the second 17b is connected upstream of the second voice circuit coil L 2 .
  • the capacitor 17 of FIG. 1 as well as the capacitors 17a and 17b of FIG. 2 serve to charge the energy. Their capacitance is considerably larger than that of the other capacitors used and is, for example, 0.33 ⁇ F.
  • the vibrations in the series resonant circuits are influenced by the capacitors 17 and 17a, 17b.
  • two fluorescent lamps with the associated series resonant circuits are present.
  • more than two fluorescent lamps can also be coupled to one another, two fluorescent lamps each being connected to one another by an additional capacitor C 3 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP19850102029 1984-04-06 1985-02-23 Ballast électronique pour plusieurs lampes fluorescentes Withdrawn EP0158072A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3412942 1984-04-06
DE19843412942 DE3412942C2 (de) 1984-04-06 1984-04-06 Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät für mehrere Leuchtstofflampen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0158072A1 true EP0158072A1 (fr) 1985-10-16

Family

ID=6232823

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850102029 Withdrawn EP0158072A1 (fr) 1984-04-06 1985-02-23 Ballast électronique pour plusieurs lampes fluorescentes

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0158072A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3412942C2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999053731A1 (fr) * 1998-04-15 1999-10-21 Electro-Mag International, Inc. Circuit ballast de demarrage instantane

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4245092B4 (de) * 1992-12-23 2012-07-26 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Vorschaltgerät für mindestens ein parallel betriebenes Gasentladungslampen-Paar
DE4243955B4 (de) * 1992-12-23 2010-11-18 Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorschaltgerät für mindestens ein parallel betriebenes Gasentladungslampen-Paar

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4259614A (en) * 1979-07-20 1981-03-31 Kohler Thomas P Electronic ballast-inverter for multiple fluorescent lamps
EP0065794A1 (fr) * 1981-05-14 1982-12-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Circuit électrique d'allumage et d'alimentation de lampes à décharge dans le gaz et/ou la vapeur, lampes comportant deux électrodes préchauffables
EP0093469A2 (fr) * 1982-04-20 1983-11-09 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Convertisseur courant continu/courant alternatif pour l'allumage et pour l'alimentation de lampes à décharges dans le gaz ou dans la vapeur
EP0111929A1 (fr) * 1982-12-23 1984-06-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour la mise hors circuit d'un onduleur

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4259614A (en) * 1979-07-20 1981-03-31 Kohler Thomas P Electronic ballast-inverter for multiple fluorescent lamps
EP0065794A1 (fr) * 1981-05-14 1982-12-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Circuit électrique d'allumage et d'alimentation de lampes à décharge dans le gaz et/ou la vapeur, lampes comportant deux électrodes préchauffables
EP0093469A2 (fr) * 1982-04-20 1983-11-09 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Convertisseur courant continu/courant alternatif pour l'allumage et pour l'alimentation de lampes à décharges dans le gaz ou dans la vapeur
EP0111929A1 (fr) * 1982-12-23 1984-06-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour la mise hors circuit d'un onduleur

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999053731A1 (fr) * 1998-04-15 1999-10-21 Electro-Mag International, Inc. Circuit ballast de demarrage instantane
US6069455A (en) * 1998-04-15 2000-05-30 Electro-Mag International, Inc. Ballast having a selectively resonant circuit
US6236168B1 (en) 1998-04-15 2001-05-22 Electro-Mag International, Inc. Ballast instant start circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3412942A1 (de) 1985-10-17
DE3412942C2 (de) 1986-02-20

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Inventor name: MERTENS, FERDINAND, DIPL.-ING.

Inventor name: HASEMANN, FRED, DR.-ING.

Inventor name: WITTIG, NORBERT, DIPL.-ING.