EP0149703B1 - Projectile anti-char - Google Patents

Projectile anti-char Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0149703B1
EP0149703B1 EP84106550A EP84106550A EP0149703B1 EP 0149703 B1 EP0149703 B1 EP 0149703B1 EP 84106550 A EP84106550 A EP 84106550A EP 84106550 A EP84106550 A EP 84106550A EP 0149703 B1 EP0149703 B1 EP 0149703B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
accordance
active part
tank
fact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84106550A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0149703A3 (en
EP0149703A2 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Dr. Böcker
Peter Wallow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Publication of EP0149703A2 publication Critical patent/EP0149703A2/fr
Publication of EP0149703A3 publication Critical patent/EP0149703A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0149703B1 publication Critical patent/EP0149703B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile
    • F42B12/625—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile a single submissile arranged in a carrier missile for being launched or accelerated coaxially; Coaxial tandem arrangement of missiles which are active in the target one after the other

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an anti-tank projectile according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Modern multi-layer armor especially so-called "active" armor, represents a major challenge for anti-tank defense, since conventional types of bullets can no longer penetrate such armor.
  • Active armor represents a major challenge for anti-tank defense, since conventional types of bullets can no longer penetrate such armor.
  • responsible for this is primarily the active part of the armor, which destroys or at least deflects an impacting bullet so that Main armor will no longer penetrate.
  • German patent application DE-A-2 948 542.5 which has a main penetrator with a longitudinally axial bore in which a second, arrow-shaped bullet is ejectable, which is ejected before the target impact by means of an ejection charge is expelled from the main penetrator designed in the manner of a weapon barrel.
  • the main penetrator is weakened by the longitudinally axially centered bore. Therefore, it can break off prematurely after hitting the target, and this can affect the penetration effect.
  • the size and strength of the ejection charge, and thus the impact energy of the second projectile ejected from the main penetrator are limited. This is particularly disadvantageous if the active armor of a target is phlegmatized.
  • a stacked floor with an automatic disassembly effect after reaching a predetermined flight time is known from DE-A-2 756 420 (FIG. 4).
  • the invention has for its object to provide a novel anti-tank projectile of the type mentioned with increased armor penetration.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of an anti-tank projectile. All of the exemplary embodiments are sub-caliber arrow projectiles which are fired from a barrel weapon by means of a sabot, not shown. All figures therefore only show the missile after leaving the weapon.
  • the stabilizer 15 provided for stabilizing the anti-tank projectile 10 is also only indicated schematically.
  • the anti-tank projectile 10 comprises two active parts 11 and 12, which are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal axial direction of the anti-tank projectile and have an essentially identical outer diameter. Both active parts 11 and 12 are so-called balancing projectiles, which are effective due to their kinetic energy.
  • the active part 11 arranged at the front in the flight direction has a tubular rear extension 13, by means of which it sits on a shape-adapted pin 14 of the rear active part 12.
  • This type of connection is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and, due to the fact that the outer contours of the anti-tank projectile are essentially undisturbed by the diameter of the active parts, ensures aerodynamically favorable properties.
  • the head of the. Anti-tank projectile 10 is closed off by a ballistic hood 17, which includes a proximity fuse 16, which activates an ejection charge 21 when a desired target distance is reached.
  • the ejection charge 21 separates the two active parts 11 and 12 from one another at the desired target distance, so that to move them separately to the target, the active part 11 initially hitting the target and the active part 12 following with a time delay.
  • the massive rear active part 12 can be combined with a front active part 11, which is additionally effective via the kinetic energy imparted to it by an explosive charge 18 and / or a fragment charge 19.
  • a front active part 11 which is additionally effective via the kinetic energy imparted to it by an explosive charge 18 and / or a fragment charge 19.
  • the range of uses of this anti-tank projectile can be expanded considerably. While the active part of heavy multi-layer armor can still be triggered by the front active part 11, so that the following active part 12 penetrates the main armor essentially undisturbed, this embodiment of the anti-tank projectile can also be used to advantage against lighter multi-plate armor, since the further active charges 18, 19 of the front active part 11 contribute to an increased secondary effect.
  • the front active part 11 consists of a tubular projectile which can be separated from the rear active part 12 by means of a sabot 22 and an ejection charge 21 and accelerated in the direction of the target.
  • the sabot 22 is also removed from the interior of the projectile 20 by the back pressure of the incoming air.
  • This variant of the anti-tank projectile opens up the possibility of considerably lengthening the rear active part 12 and thereby significantly increasing its mass and, consequently, the impact energy to be achieved with this active part.
  • this extension can consist of an extension 12 'of smaller diameter, which is coaxially surrounded by the tubular projectile 20.
  • the fourth embodiment has a front active part 11 and a rear active part 12.
  • the latter is designed on the front side as a circular cylindrical pin 14 of smaller diameter and provided on the rear side with a stabilizing tail 15 with wings 15 '.
  • a raw element 24 is adapted with a rear part 26 to the outer diameter of the pin 14 and the outer diameter of the rear active part 12 and is firmly connected to the pin 14.
  • the fixed connection can be realized for example by screwing, soldering or gluing; this is not essential to the invention and is therefore not shown in the drawing.
  • a transverse wall 27 of the tubular element 24 bears against a front end face of the pin 14, which is not designated in any more detail.
  • a front part 25 of the tubular element 24 encloses an inner surface 33.1 with a circular cylindrical outer surface 34 of the tail unit 29 and serves as a guide for the front active part 11, as will be described in more detail below.
  • part 23 serves to receive and fasten a ballistic hood 17.1. This protrudes with a rear area 32.1 in the front part 25 and is preferably glued there for attachment.
  • predetermined breaking points 23 are arranged on the inside, and a proximity fuse 16 is provided in the front area.
  • An essentially circular-cylindrical inner surface 17 ' encloses a balancing body 11.1 of the front active part 11 and ends at the front in an annular edge 17 "' in which the inner surface 17 'and a circular-conical outer surface 17" meet.
  • both the balancing body 11.1 and the rear active part 12 each consist of a high density material with a large length / diameter ratio in each case - for example a so-called sintered alloy with at least 90 9b tungsten in an iron-nickel matrix
  • the tail unit 29 consists of a material of low density but high compressive and tensile strength, for example a light metal alloy or a plastic with the smallest mineral hollow spheres and fibers made of glass, carbon or another plastic suitable for reinforcement embedded in it.
  • An ejection charge 21 to be initiated by the proximity fuse 16 is arranged in a rear recess 30 of the tail unit 29.
  • the design of the proximity fuse 16 can be seen from FIG. 4a: A circular body 16 'has radial projections distributed uniformly over the circumference.
  • the proximity fuse is given in
  • the fifth exemplary embodiment differs from the fourth exemplary embodiment in that there is no ballistic hood.
  • the proximity fuse 16 is arranged in the circular-conical area with the lateral surface 29 'of the stabilizing tail 29.
  • the front part 25 of the tubular element 24 is chamfered and ends in a sharp circular edge 35 '; the bevel is adapted to the outer surface 29 '.
  • the circular cylindrical outer surface 24 of the tail 29 is adapted to the circular cylindrical inner surface 33.2 of the front part 25 in order to ensure adequate guidance. This fact is of particular importance in view of a comparatively large discharge charge 21.
  • the front part 25 of the tubular element 24 is particularly long, so that there is reliable coaxial guidance between the surfaces 33.3 and 34 over a comparatively large distance.
  • the ballistic hood 17.2 again has predetermined breaking points 23 on the inside; with a rear circular tubular area 32.2, the ballistic hood 17.2 engages over a front area of the front part 25 with reduced outside diameter and comes to rest against its circular front end face 35.
  • the proximity fuse 16 is arranged in the ballistic hood 17.2.
  • the rear active part 12 has a front-side pin 14 ′, which is designed in the shape of a circular cone on the front side.
  • a compensating body 31 envelops the circular-conical part of the pin 14 and has a recess 36 on the front for the ejection charge 21.
  • the transverse wall 27 of the tubular element 24 is provided with a nozzle-shaped opening 27 ', only indicated in the drawing, which opens into a recess 30' on the rear side of the stabilizing tail 29.
  • the front part 25 of the tubular element 24 is bevelled and in turn ends in an annular edge 35 ', the bevel of the circular conical surface 17 "being adapted to the ballistic hood 17.3.
  • the proximity fuse 16 is arranged in the ballistic hood 17.3 and the latter in turn is provided with predetermined breaking points 23.
  • the ballistic hood 17.4, equipped with the proximity fuse 16 has no predetermined breaking point. With a rear tubular extension 32.4, it engages over a reduced-diameter front area of the front part 25 of the tubular element 24 and lies against the front end face 35 of the comparatively long front part 25 of the tubular element 24.
  • the ejection charge 21 ′ in the recess 36 of the compensating body is adjacent to the ejection charge 21 in the recess 30 of the stabilizing tail 29.
  • the two discharge charges 21 and 21 ' are separated from one another by the transverse wall 27. While the ejection charge 21 is initiated by the proximity fuse 16, a delaying transferring charge (not shown in more detail) is arranged in the partition 27, which is intended to initiate the ejection charge 21 '.
  • the ejection charge 21 is initiated by the proximity fuse 16.
  • the front active part 11 is accelerated relative to the rear active part 12, and the front active part 11 hurries towards the target on an extension of the common central longitudinal axis A at a higher speed in order to activate it in a targeted area.
  • the rear active part 12 reaching the target with a time delay can then develop its effect in the target parcel deactivated by the front active part 11.
  • the respective ballistic hood is destroyed by actuating the predetermined breaking points 23 by means of the conical outer surface 29 '.
  • the tubular element 24 remains on the rear active part 12 and reaches the goal together with the latter.
  • the tubular element separates from the rear active part 12 after leaving the front active part 11.
  • an excess pressure is built up both in the recess 30 'and in the recess 36 after the initiation of the discharge charge 21.
  • This process is coordinated in such a way that the front active part 11 is first accelerated relative to the rear active part 12, and then the tubular element 24 together with the compensating body 31 separates from the rear active part 12 under the pressure on the back of the partition wall 27. In this way, the rear active part 12 with the pin 14 ′ directly hits the plot of the target deactivated by the front active part 11.
  • the ballistic hood 17.4 is not destroyed. After initiation of the ejection charge 21, there is a coaxial guidance between the inner surface 17 'and the peripheral surface of the balancing body 11' and the inner surface 13.5 and the outer surface 34 over a comparatively long distance. As soon as the surface 29 'has reached an inner surface 17i of the ballistic hood 17.4, the ballistic hood 17.4 detaches from the front part 25 in the area 32.4 and remains on the front active part 11 by enlarging its tail 29. This can result in a particularly advantageous center of gravity for the front active part 11 result.
  • the ejection charge 21 initiated by the proximity igniter 16 ' has actuated the delaying transfer charge 27 "and this in turn now initiates the second ejection charge 21'.
  • the tubular element 24 is made of a high-strength material, preferably steel.
  • the ballistic hoods 17.1, 17.2 and 17.3 provided for destruction can advantageously be made from a non-reinforced plastic, while the ballistic hood 17.4 advantageously consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • the part 26 is advantageously releasably connected to the rear active part 12 by gluing or a press fit.
  • the compensating body 31 is permanently connected to the tubular element 24, so that both parts can be separated from the rear active part 12.
  • the compensating body 31 can be dispensed with in the case of a circular cylindrical configuration of the pin 14: the recess 36 is then to be arranged in the pin 14.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Claims (18)

1. Projectile anti-char sous-calibré stabilisé par empennage, comportant plusieurs parties actives qui se séparent les unes des autres avant d'atteindre une cible et atteignent ainsi la cible les unes après les autres, caractérisé en ce que le projectile (10) comprend une partie active antérieure (11) et une partie active postérieure (12) qui comportent des zones de même diamètre, et la partie active antérieure (11) reposant au moyen d'un élément tubulaire (13; 24) sur un tourillon (14) de la partie active postérieure (12).
2. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux parties actives (11, 12) sont réalisées sous la forme de projectiles à balourd et en ce que l'élément tubulaire (13) constitue un prolongement arrière de la partie active antérieure (11).
3. Projectile selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une charge explosive (18) et/ou une charge à fragmentation (19) est ou sont disposée(s) à l'intérieur de la partie active antérieure (11).
4. Projectile selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la partie active antérieure (11) est réalisée sous la forme d'un projectile tubulaire creux (20).
5. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par les caractéristiques suivantes:
a) l'élément tubulaire (24) comporte une partie antérieure (25) et une partie postérieure (26) à laquelle correspond une cloison de séparation transversale (27),
b) la partie active antérieure (11) comporte à l'arrière un empennage (29) pour la stabilisation de la résistance, dont la surface périphérique (34) constitue, en coopérant avec une surface intérieure (33.1,...) de la partie antérieure (25) de l'élément (24), le guidage de la partie active antérieure (11),
c) l'empennage (29) comporte un premier évidement postérieur (30, 30') dont la surface intérieure constitue un fond de poussée,
d) les deux parties actives (11, 12) ont chacune en propre un rapport longueur/diamètre élevé, et
e) une fusée de proximité (16) est placée dans une zone conique dont la surface extérieure constitue une partie de la surface extérieure du projectile.
6. Projectile selon la revendication 1 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que la fusée de proximité (16) est placée dans l'empennage (29).
7. Projectile selon la revendication 1, 5 ou 6, caractérisé par les caractéristiques suivantes:
a) une ogive balistique (17.1,...) correspond à la partie active antérieure (11),
b) l'ogive balistique (17.1,...) est reliée à la partie antérieure (25) de l'élément (24) de façon à pouvoir être séparée, et
c) la fusée de proximité (16) est intégrée dans l'ogive balistique (17.1,...).
8. Projectile selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par des zones destinées à la rupture (23) dans l'ogive balistique (17.1, 17.2, 17.3) devant être détruites lors de la séparation.
9. Projectile selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'ogive balistique (17.4) comporte un logement pour l'empennage (29) et présente un prolongemen postérieur (32.4) pour agrandir ce dernier.
10. Projectile selon la revendication 1 ou l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le premier évidement (30, 30') est placé au voisinage immédiat de la face antérieure de la cloison de séparation (27).
11. Projectile selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 5 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une première charge d'éjection (21) est placée dans le premier évidement (30).
12. Projectile selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 5 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la première charge d'éjection (21,21') est placée dans un second évidement (36), au voisinage immédiat de la face postérieure de la cloison de séparation (27), cette dernière comportant un passage (27') et l'élément (24) pouvant être séparé de la seconde partie active (12).
13. Projectile selon la revendication 12, caractérisé par les caractéristiques suivantes:
a) près de la première charge d'éjection (21) qui est placée dans le premier évidement (30), le second évidement (36) comporte la seconde charge d'éjection (21') et
b) les deux charges d'éjection (21, 21') sont reliées entre elles par un relais de transmission d'amorçage (27"), la première charge d'éjection
(21) étant amorcée par la fusée de proximité (16).
14. Projectile selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 5 à 13, caractérisé par une conformation de cône circulaire du tourillon (14').
15. Projectile selon la revendication 14, caractérisé par un corps d'équilibrage (31) pourvu du second évidement (36) placé devant le tourillon (14').
16. Projectile selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que le second évidement (36) est prévu dans le tourillon (14).
EP84106550A 1983-07-08 1984-06-07 Projectile anti-char Expired EP0149703B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3324681 1983-07-08
DE3324681 1983-07-08
DE19843418444 DE3418444A1 (de) 1983-07-08 1984-05-18 Panzerabwehrgeschoss
DE3418444 1984-05-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0149703A2 EP0149703A2 (fr) 1985-07-31
EP0149703A3 EP0149703A3 (en) 1987-07-01
EP0149703B1 true EP0149703B1 (fr) 1988-09-21

Family

ID=25812152

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84106550A Expired EP0149703B1 (fr) 1983-07-08 1984-06-07 Projectile anti-char

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0149703B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3418444A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021002063A1 (de) 2021-04-20 2022-01-05 Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr) Penetrator für eine großkalibrige Munition

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2601763B1 (fr) * 1983-09-08 1992-06-05 France Etat Armement Projectile sous-calibre de type fleche pour blindages actifs
DE3414414A1 (de) * 1984-04-17 1985-10-17 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Flugkoerper mit einem fernwirkenden gefechtskopf
DE3528338C1 (de) * 1985-08-07 1993-01-28 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Vorrichtung mit schneller Magnetfeldkompression
DE3534101C1 (de) * 1985-09-25 2000-05-11 Deutsch Franz Forsch Inst Geschoß zur Bekämpfung mehrlagiger und gegebenenfalls auch aktiver Panzerungen
DE3617415C2 (de) * 1986-05-23 1995-09-07 Mauser Werke Oberndorf Unterkalibriges Treibspiegelgeschoß
GB8620138D0 (en) * 1986-08-19 1994-01-26 British Aerospace Projectile warhead
EP1739385B1 (fr) * 2005-07-01 2012-06-13 Saab Ab Munition avec précurseur cinétique
DE102005043078B4 (de) * 2005-09-10 2007-06-14 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Suchzündermunition
GR1009838B (fr) * 2018-05-04 2020-10-09 Απορρητος, Απορρητος Απορητος

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH511415A (de) * 1969-08-05 1971-08-15 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Geschoss, insbesondere Panzersprenggranate
DE2756420C2 (de) * 1977-12-17 1985-02-07 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Geschoß mit selbsttätiger Zerlegerwirkung
DE2948542A1 (de) * 1979-12-03 1984-04-12 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Geschoss zum bekaempfen mehrlagiger, vorzugsweise aktiver panzerungen
FR2535450B1 (fr) * 1981-03-05 1986-11-14 Saint Louis Inst Projectile perforant

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021002063A1 (de) 2021-04-20 2022-01-05 Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr) Penetrator für eine großkalibrige Munition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3418444A1 (de) 1985-01-17
DE3474206D1 (en) 1988-10-27
EP0149703A3 (en) 1987-07-01
EP0149703A2 (fr) 1985-07-31

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