EP0149061B1 - Interrupteur sous vide pour la basse tension, en particulier protecteur à basse tension - Google Patents

Interrupteur sous vide pour la basse tension, en particulier protecteur à basse tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0149061B1
EP0149061B1 EP84114144A EP84114144A EP0149061B1 EP 0149061 B1 EP0149061 B1 EP 0149061B1 EP 84114144 A EP84114144 A EP 84114144A EP 84114144 A EP84114144 A EP 84114144A EP 0149061 B1 EP0149061 B1 EP 0149061B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vacuum switch
annular insulator
vacuum
length
insulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84114144A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0149061A1 (fr
Inventor
Wilfried Kuhl
Edwin Gemmel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0149061A1 publication Critical patent/EP0149061A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0149061B1 publication Critical patent/EP0149061B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum switch for the low-voltage range, in particular a low-voltage contactor, consisting of a vacuum interrupter with a switching chamber and a first contact piece fixed therein, and a movable power supply bolt with a second contact piece, the vacuum interrupter having an annular insulator and this on the vacuum side opposite the contact pieces is covered by a shield designed as a concentric hollow cylinder, the axial length of which is at least 1.5 times the length of the annular insulator.
  • a vacuum switch is known from SU-A-153 318.
  • Each switch contains a high-resistance insulating section that should not change during the entire life of the switch.
  • dust and water vapor and the like can deposit on the insulator on the outside, while metal vapor from the evaporating contact material can deposit on the vacuum-side surface and thus impair the insulating ability of the insulator.
  • Shields are therefore required on the vacuum side of the insulators to prevent metal vapor condensation; Depending on the applied voltage, such shields can sometimes be structurally complex.
  • Low-voltage switches require only comparatively small insulation paths for electrical isolation due to the low nominal voltage;
  • isolator shapes that have a radial isolating section are therefore used.
  • DE-B-1 957 829 describes a low-voltage vacuum switch in which a circular disk-shaped insulator is arranged between the fixed contact and the cylindrical housing, which is provided on the vacuum side with a lid-shaped, conically extending shield.
  • the insulator forms part of the switching chamber as the entire hollow cylinder and the shield is formed by a further concentric hollow cylinder arranged therein.
  • This hollow cylinder which has a smaller height than the insulator, largely encloses the contact area with the rigid and the movable contact bolt.
  • Other vacuum switches also have shields made up of several individual parts.
  • the aim is to make the isolator section as short as possible.
  • only a partial area of the switching tube is made of ceramic, for which purpose essentially annular elements can be used, as can be seen, for example, from SU-A-153 318.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a simple shield in vacuum switches with short insulator distances, which has sufficient effectiveness over the entire life of the switch.
  • the annular insulator is made of ceramic material and is connected on one side to a bellows surrounding the movable current-carrying pin and extending the vacuum switching tube, and in that the outer circumference of the shielding cylinder has a radial distance from the inner circumference of the annular insulator and from the inner one Has circumference of the bellows, which is between 0.5 and 3 mm.
  • the shielding cylinder is advantageously attached to the side of the annular insulator facing the switching chamber and has a tubular extension in order to adapt to the diameter of the switching chamber.
  • the length of the shielding cylinder is dimensioned so that the distance to the base plate of the switching tube, which is at electrical counter potential, is at least as large as the burn-off to be expected during the entire service life of the contact pieces, which causes an axial reduction in the length of the switching tubes.
  • the distance between the shielding cylinder and the base plate is greater than the change in length resulting from the erosion.
  • the shielding cylinder is thus arranged as close as possible to the annular insulator and associated bellows within the vacuum switching tube, but the outer circumference of the shielding cylinder is still at a sufficient distance from the inner periphery of the annular insulator. This ensures that, on the one hand, no contact can occur even when the manufacturing tolerances are taken into account and that, on the other hand, the gap is smaller than the expected free path lengths of the evaporation particles from the switching path between the contact pieces. It is therefore possible to use an insulator which is comparatively short for the low-voltage application, the axial length of the shield in conjunction with the narrow gap ensuring that the ceramic ring is not vaporized during the entire service life of the switch and thus the switching capacity is not impaired.
  • a vacuum switch for low-voltage systems can be constructed comparatively easily with the shielding according to the invention, so that production is inexpensive.
  • the figure shows a sectional view of a vacuum switch constructed according to the invention.
  • 1 denotes the entire vacuum switching tube. It consists in particular of a pot-like part 2 as a switching chamber, to which a first power supply bolt 3 with a contact piece 4 lying in the switching chamber 2 is fixedly attached.
  • a metallic bellows 6 which can be moved in the axial direction, is vacuum-tightly attached to a base plate 5 and is connected to the switching chamber 2 via an annular insulator 8.
  • attachment rings 7 made of such material are used, which have thermal expansion properties that they can be vacuum-tightly connected on the one hand to metal and on the other hand to ceramic.
  • a contact pin 9 is inserted, which carries a switching piece 10 at its upper end.
  • the hollow cylinder 11 Concentric to the annular insulator 8 with the length s; there is a hollow cylinder 11 in the switching chamber with which the insulator is shielded from the switching contacts.
  • the hollow cylinder 11 has on its upper, i.e. in the figure, the end facing the switching contacts, a tubular extension, so that a cap 12 is formed, which enables attachment to the switching chamber 2.
  • the cap 12 is soldered to parts 2 and 7.
  • the shield cylinder 11 1 compared to the length s; of the annular insulator, for example, three times the length. However, it must have at least 1.5 times the length of the annular insulator 8, the upper limit of the length being such that the distance s a to the base plate 5 of the switching tube is at least as great as that to be expected during the entire service life of the contact pieces axial erosion.
  • gap d that is as narrow as possible, which is smaller than the free path lengths of the evaporating particles.
  • the manufacturing tolerances must be taken into account, so that due to the expected out-of-roundness, e.g. in the case of the ring-shaped insulators, no electrically conductive connection can arise through the shielding cylinder.
  • a gap width d in the range of 0.5 mm has proven to be practical and suitable.

Claims (3)

1. Interrupteur sous vide pour la plage des basses tensions, notamment contacteur à basse tension, constitué par un tube interrupteur sous vide comportant une chambre de commutation (2) et une première pièce de contact (4) montée fixe dans cette chambre, ainsi qu'une broche d'alimentation en courant (9), qui est mobile par rapport à cette pièce de contact et comporte une seconde pièce de contact (10), et dans lequel le tube interrupteur sous vide ( 1 ) comporte un isolateur en forme d'anneau (8) et cet isolateru est séparé, du côté du vide, par rapport aux pièces de contact (4, 10) par un blindage réalisé sous forme d'un cylindre creux concentrique (11), dont la longueur axiale est égale au moins à 1,5 fois la longueur (Sj) de l'isolateur en forme d'anneau, caractérisé par le fait que l'isolateur en forme d'anneau (8) est costitué en un matériau céramique et est relié, sur une face, à un soufflet (6) qui entoure la broche mobile d'alimentation en courant (9) et prolonge le tube interrupteur à vide (1 ), et que le pourtour extérieur du cylindre de blindage (11) est séparé du pourtour intérieur de l'isolateur en forme d'anneau (8) et du pourtour intérieur du soufflet (6), par une distance radiale (d) comprise entre 0,5 et 3 mm.
2. Interrupteur sous vide suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le cylindre de blindage (11) est monté sur la face de l'isolateur en forme d'anneau (8), qui est tournée vers la chambre de commutation (2) et comporte un prolongement en forme d'élément tubulaire (12) permettant une adaptation au diamètre de la chambre de commutation (2).
3. Interrupteur sous vide suivant la revenditation 2, caractérisé par le fait que la longueur du cylindre de blindage (11) depuis la face de fixation sur l'isolateur en forme d'anneau (8), parallèlement au soufflet (6) qui est fermé par une plaque de base (5), est dimensionnée de telle sorte que la distance (Sa) par rapport à la plaque de base (5) est au moins égale à la variation de longueur qui apparaît sous l'effet de la combustion, pendant l'ensemble de la durée de vie des pièces de contact (4, 10).
EP84114144A 1983-12-05 1984-11-22 Interrupteur sous vide pour la basse tension, en particulier protecteur à basse tension Expired EP0149061B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3343918 1983-12-05
DE19833343918 DE3343918A1 (de) 1983-12-05 1983-12-05 Vakuumschalter fuer den niederspannungsbereich, insbesondere niederspannungsschuetz
DE8334848U DE8334848U1 (de) 1983-12-05 1983-12-05 Vakuumschalter für den Niederspannungsbereich, insbesondere Niederspannungsschütz

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0149061A1 EP0149061A1 (fr) 1985-07-24
EP0149061B1 true EP0149061B1 (fr) 1987-06-24

Family

ID=25816171

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84114144A Expired EP0149061B1 (fr) 1983-12-05 1984-11-22 Interrupteur sous vide pour la basse tension, en particulier protecteur à basse tension

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4614850A (fr)
EP (1) EP0149061B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS60138816A (fr)
DE (2) DE8334848U1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3718531A1 (de) * 1987-05-29 1988-08-11 Slamecka Ernst Vakuumschalter

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4672156A (en) * 1986-04-04 1987-06-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Vacuum interrupter with bellows shield
DE8618632U1 (fr) * 1986-07-11 1988-12-22 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen, De
DE3803778A1 (de) * 1988-02-09 1989-08-17 Licentia Gmbh Vakuumschaltkammer
NL8901748A (nl) * 1989-07-07 1991-02-01 Holec Syst & Componenten Werkwijze voor het bevestigen van een metalen scherm in het huis van een vacuuemschakelaar, scherm daarvoor alsmede van een dergelijk scherm voorziene vacuuemschakelaar.
EP0563830B1 (fr) * 1992-03-31 1995-01-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Tube sous vide pour interrupteur à basse et moyenne tension, en particulier pour contacteur sous vide
DE9401655U1 (de) * 1993-06-18 1994-11-03 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltröhre mit ringförigem Isolator
DE4419380C1 (de) * 1994-05-30 1995-10-19 Siemens Ag Leistungsschaltermodul
DE19510850C1 (de) * 1995-03-17 1996-07-25 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltröhre
DE19802893A1 (de) * 1998-01-21 1999-07-22 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltkammer mit ringförmigem Isolator
DE19826766C1 (de) * 1998-06-12 2000-03-30 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltröhre mit einem dem Isolator zugeordneten Dampfschirm
DE19910148C2 (de) * 1999-02-26 2001-03-22 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltkammer mit ringförmigem Isolator
CN105762003B8 (zh) * 2013-11-27 2019-03-22 乐清市川嘉电气科技有限公司 一种提升绝缘性能的真空开关管
CN105742112B8 (zh) * 2013-11-27 2019-04-12 乐清市川嘉电气科技有限公司 一种具有较好缓冲作用的真空开关管
CN105719891B8 (zh) * 2013-11-27 2019-04-16 乐清市川嘉电气科技有限公司 提升绝缘性能的真空开关管
CN105742111B8 (zh) * 2013-11-27 2019-04-12 乐清市川嘉电气科技有限公司 提升电场分布均匀性的真空开关管
CN105895444A (zh) * 2013-11-27 2016-08-24 赵牧青 提升电场分布均匀性的真空开关管
CN105742113B8 (zh) * 2013-11-27 2019-04-19 乐清市川嘉电气科技有限公司 一种真空开关管
CN104979131B (zh) * 2015-07-09 2017-03-15 温州浙光电子有限公司 一种可直接与陶瓷封接的封接结构

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3087034A (en) * 1960-06-20 1963-04-23 Ling Altec Electronics Inc Vacuum switch
US3163734A (en) * 1962-01-26 1964-12-29 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with improved vapor-condensing shielding
GB1079013A (en) * 1964-04-21 1967-08-09 English Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to contacts and electrodes
FR1565744A (fr) * 1968-03-29 1969-05-02
DE1957829B2 (de) * 1969-04-18 1977-12-15 VEB Elektro-Apparate-Werke Berlin Treptow, DDR 1193 Berlin-Treptow Niederspannungs-vakuumschalter
JPS4919363A (fr) * 1972-06-16 1974-02-20
SU474058A1 (ru) * 1973-01-12 1975-06-14 Предприятие П/Я А-7147 Вакуумна дугогасительна камера
US3950628A (en) * 1974-10-10 1976-04-13 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Bellows type shorting switch
GB1504666A (en) * 1975-03-22 1978-03-22 Gemvac Kk Vacuum power interrupter and method of making the same
CH585959A5 (fr) * 1975-07-29 1977-03-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag
GB2033665A (en) * 1978-10-26 1980-05-21 Vacuum Interrupters Ltd Vacuum interrupter or spark gap envelope
US4216361A (en) * 1978-11-17 1980-08-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Low voltage vacuum switch with plural conic shields about the contacts
NL178680C (nl) * 1979-03-05 1986-05-01 Hazemeijer Bv Werkwijze voor het tot stand brengen van een stompe hardsoldeerverbinding tussen metaal en keramisch materiaal.
JPS5676131A (en) * 1979-11-26 1981-06-23 Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Vacuum breaker

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3718531A1 (de) * 1987-05-29 1988-08-11 Slamecka Ernst Vakuumschalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3343918A1 (de) 1985-06-13
US4614850A (en) 1986-09-30
EP0149061A1 (fr) 1985-07-24
DE8334848U1 (de) 1986-05-07
JPS60138816A (ja) 1985-07-23

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