EP0145597A2 - Ebene periodische Antenne - Google Patents

Ebene periodische Antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0145597A2
EP0145597A2 EP84402523A EP84402523A EP0145597A2 EP 0145597 A2 EP0145597 A2 EP 0145597A2 EP 84402523 A EP84402523 A EP 84402523A EP 84402523 A EP84402523 A EP 84402523A EP 0145597 A2 EP0145597 A2 EP 0145597A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
teeth
antenna according
plane
antenna
tooth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84402523A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0145597B1 (de
EP0145597A3 (en
Inventor
Alain Bizouard
Gérard Dubost
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0145597A2 publication Critical patent/EP0145597A2/de
Publication of EP0145597A3 publication Critical patent/EP0145597A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0145597B1 publication Critical patent/EP0145597B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to flat periodic antennas of the log-periodic type.
  • periodic antennas are very broadband antennas, independent of the frequency of the feed signal. They are formed by radiating elements whose dimensions are deduced from each other by a homothety of ratio T from a given expansion pole. Two consecutive radiating elements have the same properties, one at a frequency f which is its resonant frequency, and the other at the frequency f / T or f. ⁇ .
  • the factor T is generally close to unity, so that this type of antenna has rather little different characteristics over a large frequency band.
  • the flat periodic antennas are formed of flat radiating elements as opposed to the wire radiating elements and in general to the volumetric elements.
  • a flat antenna is therefore understood to mean an antenna whose radiating elements have a small thickness, this dimension being insignificant with respect to the lengths and widths of the elements.
  • a flat periodic antenna consists of two plates in the same plane each formed by two sets of generally trapezoidal teeth.
  • the antenna therefore consists of two half-antennas which are supplied in symmetry from their top.
  • the radiation pattern is symmetrical with respect to the plane of the antenna with maxima following the normal to this plane.
  • the antenna therefore has a normal directivity in terms of its structure.
  • the invention proposes a flat broadband periodic antenna making it possible to operate without disturbance when it is embedded on a flat or curved metal structure and moreover to have a main lobe inclined relative to the normal metallic structure.
  • the invention therefore proposes a planar periodic antenna mainly characterized in that it comprises radiating elements formed by two series of planar teeth whose dimensions are deduced from each other from a homothety of ratio T and pole of expansion 0, the teeth of one of the series being inserted between the teeth of the other series and the end of a given tooth being separated from the edge of the plate situated between two teeth of the other series by a predetermined interval ; a feed line placed in a plane close to the plane of the plate makes it possible to feed the teeth from the predetermined interval; a ground plane located at a distance H from each tooth, varying as a function of the wavelength ⁇ n of resonance of each tooth, the antenna thus being able to be embedded in a flat or curved metallic structure without changing the aerodynamics of this structure.
  • the plane of the radiating structure P is defined as the plane of the sheet and the axis OD, an axis which passes through the expansion pole 0 and which is the longitudinal axis of the antenna.
  • FIG. 2 therefore represents a section along a plane containing the axis AB perpendicular to the axis OD and
  • FIG. 3 represents a section along a plane perpendicular to the plane P and containing the axis OD.
  • Figures 1, 2 and 3 shown being sections along three different planes of the planar periodic antenna according to the invention, are described in the following without dissociation.
  • the teeth have a trapezoidal shape according to a preferred embodiment. It is obvious that the invention also applies to antennas whose teeth have a shape commonly used in conventional log-periodic antennas of the rectangular type or with an axis in an arc of a circle with the center of expansion.
  • the dimensions of the teeth D 1 , D 2 ' D 3 are deduced from each other by a similarity of ratio T 2 and of pole 0.
  • the dimensions Q 1 and Q 2 are deduced from each other by a similarity of ratio T 2 and pole 0, the dimensions of Q 1 compared to D 1 being obtained by multiplying by ⁇ .
  • the dimensions of the most near the pole define a first resonant frequency f M giving the order of magnitude of the upper limit of the pass band of the antenna as well as the dimensions of the tooth furthest from the pole define a resonant frequency f m giving the order of magnitude of the lower limit of the antenna bandwidth.
  • the teeth D 1 , D 2 and D 3 are inscribed in an envelope defined by the lines E 1 and E 2 intersecting at the pole 0 and forming an angle a.
  • the teeth Q 1 and Q 2 are inscribed in an envelope defined by the straight lines Flet F 2 also intersecting at the pole 0 and making the same angle ⁇ .
  • This plate 1 is produced on the single metallized face of a printed circuit 2 of small thickness compared to the working wavelengths and which is shown in section in FIG. 2.
  • the wavelength ⁇ of the wave emitted varies between the extreme wavelengths ⁇ m and ⁇ M defined by the bandwidth.
  • a feed line 3 shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1 makes it possible to feed the antenna by exciting the radiating elements from points 4 and 5 which will be defined later.
  • This supply line 3 is produced by a metallized ribbon printed on a printed circuit 6, also of small thickness.
  • the metallized face of this circuit 6 is on the side of the non-metallized face of circuit 2, circuit 6 thus plays a protective role similar to that of a radome vis-à-vis the outside.
  • This circuit 6 is situated in a plane close to the plane of the circuit 2 and containing for example the expansion pole 0 or also in a plane parallel to the plane of the circuit 2 and close to the latter.
  • the two circuits 2 and 6 are separated by a dielectric 8 which can be (at the limit) the air medium or a honeycomb.
  • Line 3 describes trapezoidal teeth deduced by a similarity of pole 0 and ratio ⁇ , the sides of which are parallel to the sides of the radiating teeth and pass through the midpoints 4 of the extreme segments l n of each tooth and through the midpoints 5 of the opposite segments L.
  • the cut of width ⁇ n between these two n points 4 and 5 excites the radiating elements.
  • the circuit 2 is integral with the metal structure 9 (its ground plane) on which the antenna is pressed and the circuit 1 is maintained in electrical contact with this structure 9 at the level of the straight sections OE 1 and OF 2 passing through the points 5 and 15 respectively. This contact is ensured, for example by means of screws 10 and 11 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the section shown in Figure 3 highlights the height H n between the ground plane of each radiating element.
  • the choice of the dimensions of the radiating elements is carried out in such a way that, when the microstrip supply line 3 transmits a wave whose frequency is less than the natural resonant frequency of a given tooth, the latter has, at the level of its breaking, a low impedance which hardly disturbs the transmission of the line.
  • the angle of inclination of the radiation diagram on the plane of the structure is directly linked to the geometric or electrical length k n of the microstrip supply line 3 between the cuts of two adjacent radiating sources.
  • k n the geometric or electrical length of the microstrip supply line 3 between the cuts of two adjacent radiating sources.
  • the electrical length K must be less than ⁇ n / 2 so that the antenna is not mismatched.
  • the partial reflections due to the insertions of the radiating elements along the line do not accumulate.
  • this length k n is equal to ⁇ n / 4 because it allows practically ideal compensation for all the reflections.
  • an intermediate length is required for example 0.3 ⁇ n , which corresponds taking into account the other geometric and electrical parameters, to a well adapted input impedance. To obtain the most suitable length, it is therefore necessary that the radiating elements are inserted.
  • Line 3 is closed on its characteristic impedance by means of a resistor 13 adapted at its end furthest from pole 0.
  • This resistor can be an element with localized constants or a dipole with distributed constants.
  • the theoretical angle of inclination of the beam that is to say the angle between the direction of the maximum of radiation and the direction perpendicular to the plane of the structure is 50 °.
  • the opening at 3dB of the main beam substantially of revolution is equal to 45 °.
  • the standing wave ratio of the antenna input impedance related to the characteristic resistance of the line is less than 2 in the whole 0.9 GH - 9 GHz band.
  • the supply line 3 is printed on the opposite face of the circuit 2, this circuit comprising on the other face the radiating elements.
  • it is a metallized dielectric substrate on its two faces.
  • the embodiment which has been described relates to a planar antenna, that is to say, to an antenna whose radiating elements have a very small thickness with respect to their length and their width. Furthermore, this antenna has a planar structure as a whole, that is to say that it can be embedded on a planar metallic structure. It is obvious that the invention also relates to antennas with a generally curved structure intended to be built into curved metallic structures (of the aircraft type). To do this, it suffices to conform the circuits on which the elements of the antenna are placed to the shape of the metal structure while respecting the operating conditions given in the description.
  • the antenna according to the invention has first of all the advantages of a conventional log-periodic antenna, since it has a very wide bandwidth. In addition, it is easily built into a metal structure and therefore does not change its aerodynamics since it is flat and its ground plane adapted to the implementation can be embedded in the metal structure.
  • It also has the advantage of being able to radiate in a direction inclined with respect to the normal to the plane of its structure, which is useful when for example the antenna is placed on an airplane.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP84402523A 1983-12-13 1984-12-06 Ebene periodische Antenne Expired EP0145597B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8319924A FR2556510B1 (fr) 1983-12-13 1983-12-13 Antenne periodique plane
FR8319924 1983-12-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0145597A2 true EP0145597A2 (de) 1985-06-19
EP0145597A3 EP0145597A3 (en) 1985-07-10
EP0145597B1 EP0145597B1 (de) 1989-01-25

Family

ID=9295117

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84402523A Expired EP0145597B1 (de) 1983-12-13 1984-12-06 Ebene periodische Antenne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4652889A (de)
EP (1) EP0145597B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3476496D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2556510B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6211839B1 (en) * 1988-08-22 2001-04-03 Trw Inc. Polarized planar log periodic antenna
JP2862265B2 (ja) * 1989-03-30 1999-03-03 デイエツクスアンテナ株式会社 平面アンテナ
US5075691A (en) * 1989-07-24 1991-12-24 Motorola, Inc. Multi-resonant laminar antenna
US7019695B2 (en) 1997-11-07 2006-03-28 Nathan Cohen Fractal antenna ground counterpoise, ground planes, and loading elements and microstrip patch antennas with fractal structure
US20050231426A1 (en) * 2004-02-02 2005-10-20 Nathan Cohen Transparent wideband antenna system
US6452553B1 (en) * 1995-08-09 2002-09-17 Fractal Antenna Systems, Inc. Fractal antennas and fractal resonators
US6127977A (en) * 1996-11-08 2000-10-03 Cohen; Nathan Microstrip patch antenna with fractal structure
US20060119525A1 (en) * 2004-08-24 2006-06-08 Nathan Cohen Wideband antenna system for garments
US5734350A (en) * 1996-04-08 1998-03-31 Xertex Technologies, Inc. Microstrip wide band antenna
WO1999027608A1 (en) * 1997-11-22 1999-06-03 Nathan Cohen Cylindrical conformable antenna on a planar substrate
US6621463B1 (en) 2002-07-11 2003-09-16 Lockheed Martin Corporation Integrated feed broadband dual polarized antenna
US7609220B2 (en) * 2005-05-09 2009-10-27 The Regents Of The University Of California Channelized log-periodic antenna with matched coupling
FI20055420A0 (fi) 2005-07-25 2005-07-25 Lk Products Oy Säädettävä monikaista antenni
US8618990B2 (en) 2011-04-13 2013-12-31 Pulse Finland Oy Wideband antenna and methods
FI20075269A0 (fi) 2007-04-19 2007-04-19 Pulse Finland Oy Menetelmä ja järjestely antennin sovittamiseksi
FI120427B (fi) 2007-08-30 2009-10-15 Pulse Finland Oy Säädettävä monikaista-antenni
DE502008003262D1 (de) * 2007-12-18 2011-06-01 Rohde & Schwarz Antennenkoppler
FI20096251A0 (sv) 2009-11-27 2009-11-27 Pulse Finland Oy MIMO-antenn
FI20105158A (fi) 2010-02-18 2011-08-19 Pulse Finland Oy Kuorisäteilijällä varustettu antenni
US9406998B2 (en) 2010-04-21 2016-08-02 Pulse Finland Oy Distributed multiband antenna and methods
US8648752B2 (en) 2011-02-11 2014-02-11 Pulse Finland Oy Chassis-excited antenna apparatus and methods
US9673507B2 (en) 2011-02-11 2017-06-06 Pulse Finland Oy Chassis-excited antenna apparatus and methods
US9450291B2 (en) 2011-07-25 2016-09-20 Pulse Finland Oy Multiband slot loop antenna apparatus and methods
US9531058B2 (en) 2011-12-20 2016-12-27 Pulse Finland Oy Loosely-coupled radio antenna apparatus and methods
US9484619B2 (en) 2011-12-21 2016-11-01 Pulse Finland Oy Switchable diversity antenna apparatus and methods
US8988296B2 (en) 2012-04-04 2015-03-24 Pulse Finland Oy Compact polarized antenna and methods
US9634383B2 (en) 2013-06-26 2017-04-25 Pulse Finland Oy Galvanically separated non-interacting antenna sector apparatus and methods
US9680212B2 (en) 2013-11-20 2017-06-13 Pulse Finland Oy Capacitive grounding methods and apparatus for mobile devices
US9590308B2 (en) 2013-12-03 2017-03-07 Pulse Electronics, Inc. Reduced surface area antenna apparatus and mobile communications devices incorporating the same
US9350081B2 (en) 2014-01-14 2016-05-24 Pulse Finland Oy Switchable multi-radiator high band antenna apparatus
US9722308B2 (en) 2014-08-28 2017-08-01 Pulse Finland Oy Low passive intermodulation distributed antenna system for multiple-input multiple-output systems and methods of use

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1123769A (fr) * 1955-03-17 1956-09-27 Csf Aérien incorporable pour engins mobiles
US3259905A (en) * 1964-04-15 1966-07-05 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Flush-mounted balanced log-periodic antenna
US3633207A (en) * 1969-01-21 1972-01-04 Univ Illinois Foundation Urban Modulated impedance feeding system for log-periodic antennas
FR2110353A1 (de) * 1970-10-12 1972-06-02 Ampex
FR2442520A1 (fr) * 1978-11-27 1980-06-20 Havot Henri Antenne en plaques a double boucles circulaires
FR2490025A1 (fr) * 1980-09-08 1982-03-12 Thomson Csf Antenne du type cornet monomode ou multimode comprenant au moins deux voies radar et fonctionnant dans le domaine des hyperfrequences

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3110030A (en) * 1961-05-25 1963-11-05 Martin Marietta Corp Cone mounted logarithmic dipole array antenna
US3509573A (en) * 1967-06-16 1970-04-28 Univ Toronto Antennas with loop coupled feed system
GB2064877B (en) * 1979-11-22 1983-07-27 Secr Defence Microstrip antenna

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1123769A (fr) * 1955-03-17 1956-09-27 Csf Aérien incorporable pour engins mobiles
US3259905A (en) * 1964-04-15 1966-07-05 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Flush-mounted balanced log-periodic antenna
US3633207A (en) * 1969-01-21 1972-01-04 Univ Illinois Foundation Urban Modulated impedance feeding system for log-periodic antennas
FR2110353A1 (de) * 1970-10-12 1972-06-02 Ampex
FR2442520A1 (fr) * 1978-11-27 1980-06-20 Havot Henri Antenne en plaques a double boucles circulaires
FR2490025A1 (fr) * 1980-09-08 1982-03-12 Thomson Csf Antenne du type cornet monomode ou multimode comprenant au moins deux voies radar et fonctionnant dans le domaine des hyperfrequences

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2556510B1 (fr) 1986-08-01
US4652889A (en) 1987-03-24
FR2556510A1 (fr) 1985-06-14
EP0145597B1 (de) 1989-01-25
EP0145597A3 (en) 1985-07-10
DE3476496D1 (en) 1989-03-02

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