EP0144833A2 - Mécanisme de commande, p.e. pour imprimantes matricielles par lignes - Google Patents

Mécanisme de commande, p.e. pour imprimantes matricielles par lignes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0144833A2
EP0144833A2 EP84113805A EP84113805A EP0144833A2 EP 0144833 A2 EP0144833 A2 EP 0144833A2 EP 84113805 A EP84113805 A EP 84113805A EP 84113805 A EP84113805 A EP 84113805A EP 0144833 A2 EP0144833 A2 EP 0144833A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electromagnetic coil
coil
print hammer
hammer
return plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84113805A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0144833B1 (fr
EP0144833A3 (en
Inventor
Edward D. Bringhurst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mannesmann Tally Corp
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Mannesmann Tally Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Mannesmann Tally Corp filed Critical Mannesmann Tally Corp
Publication of EP0144833A2 publication Critical patent/EP0144833A2/fr
Publication of EP0144833A3 publication Critical patent/EP0144833A3/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J9/00—Hammer-impression mechanisms
    • B41J9/26—Means for operating hammers to effect impression
    • B41J9/36—Means for operating hammers to effect impression in which mechanical power is applied under electromagnetic control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an actuating mechanism, in particular for matrix line printers, for writing characters or drawings formed from dot patterns on a recording medium which can be moved perpendicular to the line direction by means of a pendulum device which can be moved back and forth parallel to a printing line and which has an elongated carriage, carriage or the like.
  • each pressure hammer having a magnetic flux circuit consisting of a cross-polarized permanent magnet, a magnetic flux plate with coil stand and electromagnetic coil, as well as a Feldline Wegleitplatte and a Hammerann, the hammer arm is fixed at one end on the Feldlinienschreibleitplatte and with its free end in the retracted position rests at least on the reel stand with its head.
  • matrix printers can be divided into two categories - matrix line printers and matrix serial printers. Both categories of printer produce images (characters or drawings) by selectively printing a series of dots in an X-Y matrix.
  • Serial matrix printers have a printhead that is moved horizontally back and forth over a recording medium, either continuously or step by step.
  • the print head contains a vertical column of dot printing elements (printing needles). Since each column position of a character position is reached during printing, the required number of dot printing elements are operated to produce characters. A series of vertical columns of dots produced in this way forms the desired symbol.
  • matrix line printers incorporate a dot mechanism to produce horizontal dot lines substantially simultaneously as the record carrier is moved through the printer step by step. A series of horizontal dotted lines creates an image, e.g. a series of characters or a section of a drawing.
  • US Pat. No. 4,351,235 (corresponding to European patent application 0 047 883) describes such a dot printing device, in particular for matrix line printers.
  • the actuation mechanism is contained in hammer modules, which have a large number of clamping hammer arms made of elastic ferromagnetic material that are clamped on one side. At the free end there is a protrusion (e.g. a ball) that prints a dot when the associated print hammer arm is actuated.
  • a protrusion e.g. a ball
  • Each print hammer actuation mechanism includes a permanent magnet, a coil stand, and plates that create a field line path between the permanent magnet and the coil stand, and an electromagnetic coil disposed on the coil stand.
  • the print hammer arm is drawn to the coil stand by the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. This attraction bends the print hammer arm.
  • the tension hammer so tensioned is triggered by the electromagnetic coil being acted upon by electric current in such a way that the coil generates a magnetic field which counteracts the attraction field of the coil stand generated by the permanent magnet.
  • Dot printing mechanisms of the type described above have a number of advantages over previously developed dot printing mechanisms for use in matrix line printers (DE-A-21 54 568 / US Pat. No. 3,941,051) and thus represent a step forward in this Technique, however, it has been found that the known dot pressure mechanisms can be improved in various ways.
  • the pressure hammers of the known point pressure mechanisms are triggered when a sufficiently high current flows through the electromagnetic coil. While a print hammer is triggered when this current flows through the electromagnetic coil in the correct size and direction, the magnetic field generated by the current flow does not fully counteract the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. Rather, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is only counteracted to the extent that is necessary for the bending force stored in the printing hammer to overcome the attractive force of the permanent magnet. This condition leads to the fact that after the permanent magnet has been triggered, a magnetic field is generated which exerts a "braking force" on the triggered pressure hammer. This braking force reduces the impact force exerted by the pressure hammer on the pressure abutment.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to increase the pressure hammer force at a given current size without increasing the electrical current at the electromagnetic coil.
  • this task is aimed at at least keeping the strength of the current applied to the electromagnetic coil at least the same or better reducing it for a given size of pressure hammer force.
  • the object is achieved with the actuating mechanism described in the introduction in that the electromagnetic coil extends in length to the area near the hammer arm and that the field line return plate, superior to the permanent magnet, ends in front of the circumference of the electromagnetic coil, with the pressure hammer in a prestressed position for the field line flow still forms sufficient contact area on the field line return plate.
  • Such an electromagnetic coil is referred to here as a long electromagnetic coil, in contrast to the known type of electromagnetic coils, which end very far in front of the tip of the coil stand.
  • the coil stand, the magnetic flux plate and the field line return plate are arranged such that the tip of the coil stand lies in a plane with the tip of the outer surface of the field line return plate and the field line return plate ends shortly before it reaches the adjacent peripheral surface of the electromagnetic coil mounted on the rod.
  • the firmly clamped end of the pressure hammer is attached to the outer surface of the field line return plate in line with the permanent magnet.
  • the head of the print hammer is arranged so that it is attracted to the tip of the coil stand and the adjacent surface of the field line return plate by the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet when the electromagnetic coil is not energized. The force of attraction pulls the head of the print hammer through a narrow gap, thereby bending and tensioning the print hammer.
  • a protrusion eg a ball
  • the electromagnetic coil As soon as the electromagnetic coil is excited, it generates a magnetic field that counteracts the field of attraction of the permanent magnet and thus triggers the tension hammer. Due to the fact that the cocking hammer has been triggered, a protrusion (eg a ball) is on the from the pole tip distal end of the print hammer is welded against an ink ribbon, creating a dot on a recording medium.
  • a protrusion eg a ball
  • the length of the electromagnetic coil corresponds almost to the length of the coil stand.
  • the intensity of the magnetic flux which is generated by the electromagnetic coil in the space between the tip of the coil stand and the print hammer head for a given degree of triggering current is very high.
  • This design means maximizing the magnetic flux intensity in this space, thereby simultaneously reducing the braking force generated by the permanent magnet after the print hammer has been triggered at a certain current or makes it possible to reduce the release current at the given current and an improved impact force of the print hammer.
  • the ratio of diameter: length of the electromagnetic coil is less than 1.0.
  • the invention provides an electromagnetic coil mounted on a coil stand of a print hammer actuating mechanism such that the end of the electromagnetic coil is much more at the tip of the coil stand than in known hammer actuating mechanisms of this type, as described above.
  • the design according to the invention leads to an increase in the intensity of the magnetic flux generated by the electromagnetic coil at the tip of the coil stand at a given current strength compared to known pressure hammer actuation mechanisms in which the electromagnetic coil is located at a significant distance from the tip of the coil stand. Since the magnetic flux intensity in the space between the tip of the coil stand and the print hammer head is increased, the braking force of the permanent magnet, which is on the Print hammer head after triggering, significantly reduced at a given current.
  • the pressure force generated by the print hammer is increased.
  • the current strength of the electromagnetic coil can also be reduced for a given compressive force. The reduction in the current intensity now leads decisively to a lower amount of heat generated per unit of time, so that the service life of the electromagnetic coil and thus of the entire print hammer actuation mechanism or of the printer are increased.
  • the magnetic flux plate 15, the field line return plate 17, the coil stand 19 and the print hammer 23 are all made of ferromagnetic materials.
  • the permanent magnet 13 has a rectangular cross section.
  • the magnetic flux plate 15 is mounted on one of the pole faces of the permanent magnet 13 and the field line return plate 17 on the other pole face.
  • the magnetic flux plate 15 or the field line return plate 17 protrude outward in the same direction beyond an edge of the permanent magnet 13: the magnetic flux plate 15 projects further than that Feldliniengurleitplatte 17 addition.
  • the coil stand 19 is located at the outer end of the magnetic flux plate 15.
  • the electromagnetic coil 21 is mounted on the coil stand 19.
  • the coil stand 19 lies beyond the outer end of the field line return plate 17 and ends in a plane which coincides with the plane defined by the outer surface of the field line return plate 17.
  • Length and size of the electromagnetic coil 21 are dimensioned such that the electromagnetic coil baffles between the opposing surfaces of the magnetic flux and field line return ⁇ 15 and 17 is located, and in that the outer end of Feldliniengurleitplatte projects beyond the electromagnet coil 21st
  • This arrangement means that the end of the electromagnetic coil 21 which is closest to the tip of the coil stand 19 is approximately the same distance from the tip which corresponds to the thickness of the field line return plate 17. This distance is labeled "A" in Fig.l. In a practical exemplary embodiment of an actuating mechanism of the known type shown in FIG. 1, the distance A is approximately 2.794 mm.
  • the print hammer 23 is mounted at one end. Furthermore, the print hammer 23 has an elongated shape and is attached to the outer surface of the field line return plate 17, where the field line return plate 17 projects beyond the permanent magnet 13.
  • the illustration shows that the print hammer 23 is fastened to the field line return plate 17 with a cap screw 25.
  • the print hammer 23 consists of a thin central zone 27 and a head 29. The head 29 projects beyond the outer end of the field line return plate 17 and the tip of the bobbin stand 19. The outer end of the head 29 is bent outward.
  • a pressure ball 31 is attached to the outer tip of the head 29.
  • the pressure ball 31 is preferably attached to the head 29 of the pressure hammer 23 by welding.
  • the permanent magnet 13 According to the arrangement of the actuation mechanism . 1 according to FIG. 1, the permanent magnet 13 generates a magnetic field (denoted by the arrows), which pulls the head 29 firmly onto the tip of the coil stand 19 and the outer surface of the field line return plate 17. In the event that the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 13 is not present, the head 29 would stand out from the tip of the coil stand 19 and the end of the field line return plate 17 by a very small amount, preferably in the range of 0.4064 to 0.508 mm. As soon as the permanent magnet 13 pulls the head 29 through the gap to the tip of the coil stand 19 and the end of the field line return plate 17, the thin central zone 27 of the print hammer 23 is bent. In this bending state, the print hammer 23 is in the prestressed state and stores the print energy.
  • the electromagnetic coil 21 attached to the coil stand 19 is excited in such a way that the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 13 is counteracted.
  • the print hammer 23 is triggered.
  • the firing of the pressure hammer 23 causes the energy stored in the thin central zone 27 to move the head 29 of the pressure hammer 23 and thus the pressure ball 31 away from the tip of the bobbin stand 19.
  • the pressure ball 31 strikes a ribbon against a recording supported by a pressure abutment mung carrier (eg paper), both of which are not shown on the drawings.
  • a pressure abutment mung carrier eg paper
  • the current flow through the electromagnetic coil 21 ends when the print hammer 23 rebounds from the pressure shock and the rebounding print hammer 23 is tensioned again because the head 29 is withdrawn by the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 13 to the tip of the coil stand 19 and the adjacent end of the field line return plate 17 .
  • the person skilled in the art of electromagnetic circuits recognizes that the major part of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 13 follows the field line path of a ferromagnetic circuit which is formed by the magnetic flux plate 15, the coil stand 19, the head 29, the print hammer 23 and the field line return plate 17.
  • a small amount of magnetic flux can follow the field line path of a magnetic circuit which runs through the thin central zone 27 of the pressure hammer 23.
  • the amount of magnetic flux that passes through the head 29 of the print hammer 23 determines the magnitude of the attractive force that holds the head 29 firmly at the tip of the coil stand 19 and the end of the field line return plate 17.
  • Another magnetic flux e.g.
  • the person skilled in the art with electromagnetic coils understands that the further away a ferromagnetic object is from an electromagnetic coil, the less magnetic force is exerted by the electromagnetic coil on the object.
  • the decrease in force as the distance increases is directly related to the magnetic intensity, after which the magnetic force decreases rapidly as the distance from a coil increases.
  • the distance between the end of the electromagnetic coil and the tip of the coil stand 19, ie the distance A is substantially equal to the thickness of the field line rear side plate 17.
  • the magnitude of the braking force that the permanent magnet 21 generates after the print hammer 23 has been fired is greater than if the magnetic flux through the distance A could be effectively used to counteract the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 13. Therefore, since the electric current in the electromagnetic coil 21 is higher than necessary to trigger the head 29 at a prescribed impact force achieve, the heat generated by the current flow through the electromagnetic coil 21 is higher than desired. Depending on the speed of the hammer actuation and other relevant factors, the heat generated by the electromagnetic coil 21 can prematurely destroy an electromagnetic coil or require additional coil cooling or its increase in power. The present invention is therefore aimed at avoiding these disadvantages.
  • the print hammer actuation mechanism 41 which is also shown in FIG. 3, contains the following components: a permanent magnet 43, a magnetic flux plate 45, a field line return plate 47, a coil stand 49, an electromagnetic coil 51 and a print hammer 53.
  • the magnetic flux plate 45 and the field line return plate 47 are mounted on the oppositely polarized surfaces of the permanent magnet 43 and protrude from the latter in the same direction.
  • the magnetic flux plate 45 projects significantly further outwards than the field line return plate 47.
  • the coil stand 49 is mounted on the outer end of the surface of the magnetic flux plate 45, opposite the field line return plate 47.
  • the tip of the coil stand 49 ends in a plane which is essentially in a plane with the outer surface of the field line return plate 47.
  • the electromagnetic coil 51 is mounted on the coil stand 49. However, the electromagnetic coil 51 does not end just before the opposite surface of the field line return plate 47, but protrudes outwards and ends just before the tip of the coil stand 49.
  • the distance between the tip of the coil stand 49 and the end of the electromagnetic coil 51 is shown in FIG. 2 with "B " designated. The distance B in FIG. 2 thus corresponds to the distance A in FIG. 1.
  • the distance B is approximately 0.508 mm.
  • the print hammer 53 in FIG. 2 is arranged clamped at one end. This means that the print hammer 53 is fastened with a cap screw 55 to the outer surface of the field line return plate 47 in the area in which the field line return plate 47 covers the permanent magnet 43.
  • the print hammer 53 contains a thin central zone 57 which projects outward from the fastening area in the direction of the bobbin stand 49.
  • the head 59 projects beyond the gap between the tip of the coil stand 49 and the adjacent end of the field line return plate 47.
  • the head 59 is bent outwards and ends in a flat area on which a pressure ball is located 61 is welded on.
  • the permanent magnet 43 of the print hammer actuation mechanism 41 shown in FIG. 2 also pulls the head 59 firmly onto the tip of the bobbin stand 49 and at the end of the field line return plate 47, whereby the head 59 bridges between them Sharing forms.
  • the head 59 would move away from the tip of the coil stand 49 and the outer end of the field line return plate 47 by a very small amount, preferably in the range of 0.4064 to 0.508 mm take off.
  • the print hammer 53 is fired. Firing the print hammer 53 causes the energy stored in the thin central zone 57 to move the head 59 of the print hammer 53 and thus the pressure ball 61 away from the tip of the reel stand 49 and in the same way as the print hammer actuation mechanism 11 in FIG. 1 on a recording medium creates a pressure point.
  • the main difference between the known print hammer actuating mechanism 11 and the actuating mechanism 43 according to the invention is that the distance between the tip of the coil stand and the adjacent end of the electromagnetic coil is substantially smaller. These distances are designated A and B in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the distance A is approximately 2.794 mm.
  • the distance B is approximately 0.508 mm.
  • the field of the permanent magnet remains even larger than the field of the electromagnetic coil. This residual field creates a "braking force" that slows the movement of the print hammer. Since the intensity of the magnetic flux in the gap from the electromagnetic coil 51 of the print hammer actuation mechanism '41 of the type shown in FIG. 2 under similar conditions is greater than the intensity of the magnetic flux in the gap from an electromagnetic coil 21 of a print hammer actuation mechanism' 11 from that shown in FIG 1 is generated, the impact force of the print hammer 53 according to FIG. 2 is greater than the impact force of the print hammer 23 according to FIG. 1. On the other hand, the print hammer actuation mechanism 41 according to FIG.
  • Figure 3 shows a hammer bench module 71, similar to that shown and described in U.S. Patent 4,351,235 (corresponding to European Patent Application 0 047 883), which has been adapted and now has the configuration of the present invention.
  • 3 shows a hammer bench module with the following components: a permanent magnet 73, a magnetic flux plate 75, a field line return plate 77, a plurality of cylindrical coil stands 79, a plurality of electromagnetic coils 81 and a multi-arm hammer 83.
  • the multi-arm hammer 83 comprises three pressure hammer arms 85, in the project outward from a base 87 on a common plane.
  • the magnetic flux plate 75 shown comprises three arms 89 which project outwards from a base 91 in a common plane
  • the field line return plate 77 shown comprises three arms 93 which project outwards from a base 95 in a common plane.
  • the number of coil stands 79 and electromagnetic coils 81, which are shown in FIG. 3, are three each.
  • the hammer module 71 is based on the principle of the multiple of three, but the number should not be understood as a limitation, although one is preferred in the exemplary embodiment shown. The principle of the number three is preferred because it results in an inexpensive module size in terms of manufacturability.
  • the number 3 with no remainder merges into 66 and 132 print hammers, which are the preferred numbers of dot printing elements in matrix line printers for printing a standard line with 132 characters.
  • the permanent magnet 73 is elongated and has the shape of a cuboid.
  • the polarization of the permanent magnet 73 is such that one pole (e.g. the north pole N) of the permanent magnet 73 lies along one longitudinal surface and the other pole (e.g. the south pole S) lies along the opposite longitudinal side.
  • the base 95 of the field line return plate 77 is mounted on one of the pole faces of the elongated permanent magnet 73 and the base 91 of the magnetic flux plate 75 is fastened on the other pole face.
  • the planar magnetic flux and field line return plates 75 and 77 thus lie in parallel planes.
  • the arms 89 and 93 of the magnetic flux plate 75 and the field line return plate 77 are formed and arranged so that they are each aligned.
  • the base 91 of the magnetic flux plate 75 comprises two threaded bores 97 between the arms 89 of the magnetic flux plate 75.
  • At the outer end of each arm 89 of the magnetic flux plate 75 is one of the coils stand 79 mounted.
  • the coil stands 79 protrude at right angles from the plane of the magnetic flux plate 75 in the direction of the field line return plate 77.
  • the coil stands 79 are attached to the arms by radial riveting of the coil stands 79 into holes in the arms 89.
  • On each of the coil stands 79 is one of the Electromagnetic coils 81 mounted.
  • the electromagnetic coils 81 are somewhat shorter than the coil stands 79 which project outward from the magnetic flux plate 75.
  • the electromagnetic coils 81 are mounted on the coil stands 79, as described, they end just in front of the tips of the coil stands 79. Since the electromagnetic coils 81 cover practically the entire length of the coil stands 79, they are sometimes referred to here as long coils for them to distinguish the shorter electromagnetic coils 21 which are used in the print hammer actuating mechanism 11, according to FIG. 1. No screws or other clamping devices are used for fastening the magnetic flux plate 75 to the permanent magnet 73 and the permanent magnet 73 itself to the magnetic flux plate 75; these elements are preferably joined together with adhesives.
  • the coil stands 79 are so long that the outer surface of the tips of the coil stands 79 are coplanar with the outer surface of the arms 93 of the magnetic flux plate 75.
  • This design is preferably achieved in that the parts are ground after assembly.
  • the tips of the arms 93 of the field line return plate 77 have an arc next to the solenoid coils 81, although not always necessary in view of the magnetic behavior, so that there is a constant gap between the curved tips of the arms and the adjacent peripheral surface of the electromagnetic coils 81 is formed.
  • the base 87 of the multi-arm hammers 83 comprises three bores 105, which are each in line with one of the pressure hammers 83.
  • the multi-arm hammer 83 is arranged so that its base 87 is the base 95 of the field line return plate 77 protrudes. In this position, the bores 105 in the base 87 of the multi-arm hammer 83 are in a line with three threaded bores 107 in the base 95 of the field line return plate 77. Screws 109 run through the bores 105 in the base 87 of the multi-arm hammer 83 into the threaded bores 107 in FIG Base 95 of the field line return plate 77. The base of the multi-arm hammer 83 is thus fastened to the base 95 of the field line return plate 77. Pressure balls 111 are welded to the outwardly bent tip of the heads 86 on the pressure arms 85.
  • the invention provides an improved print hammer actuation mechanism 41, whether it is designed as a print hammer module, as shown in FIG. 3, or in some other form.
  • the electromagnetic coil 51 or 81 is as close as is practical, in the space between a retracted print hammer 53 or 83 and the stop (e.g. the coil stand 49 or 79), against which it is released by a retraction force eg the magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet 43 or 73) is drawn.
  • the force of the pressurization with a prescribed number of coil windings and a prescribed current connection in one exemplary embodiment of the invention is increased compared to the sizes for a similar electromagnetic coil with a comparable current input at a greater distance from the intermediate space.
  • the amount of current to achieve the same impact force can be reduced. Since the current can be reduced, the generation of heat by electromagnetic coils 51 and 81 is reduced accordingly. If only a small amount of heat was previously generated, the speed of the printer can now be increased because into the electromagnetic coils 51 and 81 faster impulses can be induced without inappropriately amplifying the entire heat generation.
  • the invention may accordingly be carried out in such a way that one of several results is achieved, depending on the requirements of the actuating mechanism in which the invention is to be used.

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EP19840113805 1983-12-07 1984-11-15 Mécanisme de commande, p.e. pour imprimantes matricielles par lignes Expired - Lifetime EP0144833B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US55897583A 1983-12-07 1983-12-07
US558975 1983-12-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0144833A2 true EP0144833A2 (fr) 1985-06-19
EP0144833A3 EP0144833A3 (en) 1988-01-20
EP0144833B1 EP0144833B1 (fr) 1992-05-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840113805 Expired - Lifetime EP0144833B1 (fr) 1983-12-07 1984-11-15 Mécanisme de commande, p.e. pour imprimantes matricielles par lignes

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EP (1) EP0144833B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS60143972A (fr)
CA (1) CA1225875A (fr)
DE (1) DE3485703D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5009499A (en) * 1988-12-24 1991-04-23 Otto Blaschek Sound insulated interchangeable lens

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5551568A (en) * 1978-10-09 1980-04-15 Fujitsu Ltd Printing head
FR2469288A1 (fr) * 1979-11-16 1981-05-22 Impression Enregistre Resultat Tete d'impression matricielle pour imprimante par points
JPS5743878A (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-03-12 Hitachi Ltd Printer
EP0047883A2 (fr) * 1980-09-11 1982-03-24 Mannesmann Tally Corporation Dispositif d'impression par points notamment pour des imprimantes de lignes en matrice
JPS57181877A (en) * 1981-04-30 1982-11-09 Hitachi Koki Co Ltd Lubricating device in impact sliding abrasive part

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5551568A (en) * 1978-10-09 1980-04-15 Fujitsu Ltd Printing head
FR2469288A1 (fr) * 1979-11-16 1981-05-22 Impression Enregistre Resultat Tete d'impression matricielle pour imprimante par points
JPS5743878A (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-03-12 Hitachi Ltd Printer
EP0047883A2 (fr) * 1980-09-11 1982-03-24 Mannesmann Tally Corporation Dispositif d'impression par points notamment pour des imprimantes de lignes en matrice
JPS57181877A (en) * 1981-04-30 1982-11-09 Hitachi Koki Co Ltd Lubricating device in impact sliding abrasive part

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 4, Nr. 94 (M-19)[576], 8. Juli 1980; & JP-A-55 51 568 (FUJITSU K.K.) 15-04-1980 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 6, Nr. 117 (M-139)[995], 30. Juni 1982; & JP-A-57 43 878 (HITACHI SEISAKUSHO K.K.) 12-03-1982 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 7, Nr. 25 (M-190)[1170], 2. Februar 1983; & JP-A-57 181 877 (HITACHI KOKI K.K.) 09-11-1982 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5009499A (en) * 1988-12-24 1991-04-23 Otto Blaschek Sound insulated interchangeable lens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0144833B1 (fr) 1992-05-06
DE3485703D1 (de) 1992-06-11
CA1225875A (fr) 1987-08-25
JPS60143972A (ja) 1985-07-30
EP0144833A3 (en) 1988-01-20

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