EP0143249A1 - Large wall element for a building - Google Patents

Abstract

In the case of a large building wall part, which consists of at least two strip-shaped, side-by-side plate elements made of lightweight concrete, which have cavities intersecting in the wall plane and have at least one half-cavity at least on one end face or connection side and the cavities forming a network can be filled with cast concrete Half-plate-forming plate elements have at least one half-cavity extending in their longitudinal direction and parallel to it quarter-hollow spaces on the end faces or connecting sides, several half-plates being connected to one another in the longitudinal direction, for example, overlapping are glued or optionally the cavities of the wall part are at least partially provided with reinforcement in the manufacturing plant.

Description

The invention relates to a large wall part of a building, which consists of at least two strip-shaped, side-by-side plate elements made of lightweight building material, in particular lightweight concrete, the plate elements intersecting cavities in the wall plane and at least on one end face or connection side to the adjacent panel having at least one half-cavity and the cavities Forming a net with filling material, e.g. Cast concrete can be filled.

The invention has for its object to provide a building large wall part of the type specified above, which can be manufactured relatively easily and easily in one plant.

According to one embodiment of the invention, this object is achieved in that the half-plates have at least one have in the longitudinal direction extending half-cavity and parallel to it quarter quarters on the end faces or connecting sides and that several half-plates are connected or glued to one another in the longitudinal direction overlapping.

Since the individual half-slabs have to be manufactured in the usual way with very small dimensional tolerances, the assembly of the main part of the building is e.g. on a table or other flat surface is now possible without difficulty, it being of course important that the respective half-cavities or quarter-cavities of the individual half-plates are brought into line with one another, so that the subsequent formation of the network e.g. from a concrete core on the construction site (after erecting the wall part) no problems. The overlapping connection of the half-plates not only avoids any thermal bridges in the joints extending transversely to the wall direction, but also enables the half-plates to be assembled flush without any particular technical outlay.

The object specified above can also be achieved in that, according to the invention, the cavities of the wall part are at least partially provided with reinforcement in the manufacturing plant.

Of course, this can also be done if the half-plates are connected to one another in an overlapping manner.

According to a preferred embodiment, the reinforcement consists at least partially of reinforcement cages, preferably with three longitudinal bars; also can Reinforcement consists of individual reinforcing bars held in the operative position by spacers.

The reinforcing bars only have a slight influence on the total weight of the main part of the building, so that the transport weight is hardly increased. If necessary, the cavities can also be filled with the filling material e.g. Cast concrete can be filled in at the factory, which has a decisive influence on the stability and statics of the large building parts. In particular, however, in cases where the wall parts have to be reworked on the spot, it should be more expedient to introduce the filling material on the spot.

According to a preferred embodiment, the reinforcement bars are held together in a net form, e.g. welded. The use of such a reinforcement network is preferably only carried out in cases where half-slabs are used which, as stated above, are connected in an overlapping manner, e.g. be glued. If a layer of half panels, e.g. is placed side by side on an assembly table, it may prove expedient that the spacers mentioned above are star-shaped. In this way, the individual irons in the cavities are locked approximately in the middle, but the continuity of the cavities for the filling material to be introduced later is only slightly impaired.

Another possibility for rationalization in the production of large building wall parts is to be seen in the fact that the cutouts or blind cutouts, openings or blind openings or other processing options for the wall part have already been carried out in the factory will; in the case of a large wall part of a building with at least one recess partially or completely traversing the latter, for example in the form of a window, it is possible for the region of the recess to be free of reinforcement.

A reinforcement cage can be inserted above the recess or the blind recess before the half-slabs are assembled; this serves e.g. as a window or door lintel.

According to a modified embodiment, the wall part is slotted at the height of the upper edge of the recess or blind recess to be provided and the like with a board. Mistake. In this case, there is no need to cut out the opening or recess or to mill out the blind opening or recess. In this embodiment, the wall part at the level of the lower edge of the recess or blind recess to be provided can be provided with an opening for filling the filling material into the cavities arranged underneath. In this way it is avoided that with a previous arrangement of a recess or blind recess and a blocking of the cavities on the upper edge and on the side edges, the cavities below the lower edge completely fill with the filling material, e.g. Cast concrete must be filled.

According to a preferred modification, the exposed cavities are at least on the upper edge of the recess with slats or the like when a blind recess is arranged. covered. It is immaterial whether these battens are already installed in the factory or only on the construction site; With these slats, as mentioned above, the filling material is prevented from pouring out the cavities in the recess emerges.

Appropriately all edges of the recess with slats, boards or the like are to achieve the effect just mentioned. covered.

• Fig. 1 eine Schrägansicht auf einen aufgestellten Gebäudegroßwandteil,
• Fig. 2 einen Schnitt gem. Linie 2-2 in Fig. 1,
• Fig. 3 eine Schrägansicht auf eine andere Ausführungsform des Gebäudegroßwandteils,
• Fig. 4 einen Schnitt gem. Linie 4-4 in Fig. 3,
• Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf einen Bereich mehrerer zusammengesetzter Halbplatten,
• Fig. 6 einen Schnitt in vergrößerter Form durch einen Abschnitt eines Plattenelements,
• Fig. 7 einen Fig. 6 ähnlichen Schnitt durch eine andere Ausführungsform eines Plattenelements,
• Fig. 8 eine Schrägansicht auf einen Gebäudegroßwandteil einer weiteren Ausführungsform,
• Fig. 9 ein Detail einer Verbindung zwischen einem Gebäudegroßwandteil und einem Deckenträger,
• Fig. 10 eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform in Schrägansicht,
• Fig. 11 einen Schnitt gem. Linie 11-11 in Fig. 10 und
• Fig. 12 in vergrößerter Ansicht ein Herstellungsschema für den Gebäudegroßwandteil nach Fig. 10.

Several exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing; they are described in more detail below; it shows:

• 1 is an oblique view of an erected part of the main wall,
• Fig. 2 shows a section. Line 2-2 in Fig. 1,
• 3 shows an oblique view of another embodiment of the large building part of the building,
• Fig. 4 shows a section. Line 4-4 in Fig. 3,
• 5 is a plan view of an area of a plurality of assembled half-plates,
• 6 shows a section in enlarged form through a section of a plate element,
• 7 a section similar to FIG. 6 through another embodiment of a plate element,
• 8 is an oblique view of a large part of the building wall of a further embodiment,
• 9 shows a detail of a connection between a large building wall part and a ceiling support,
• 10 is a modified embodiment in an oblique view,
• 11 shows a section according to FIG. Line 11-11 in Fig. 10 and
• FIG. 12 shows an enlarged view of a manufacturing scheme for the large wall part of the building according to FIG. 10.

A building large wall part 1 consists of half panels 2, which are glued to one another offset from one another. Each half-plate has a central, vertical cavity 3 and, at the same distance, cavities 4 which run perpendicularly thereto and half-cavities 5 and 6 on the end faces.

The main part of the building is e.g. assembled on a table or frame, the half-plates being glued together.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, reinforcement cages 10 are inserted into the vertical cavities 3, each of which has three longitudinal bars 11, 12 and 13 and are connected to one another by a helical transverse reinforcement.

In many cases it is not absolutely necessary, however, for the transverse cavities 4 to be provided with individual irons 14 which extend across the main part of the building; the main part of the building can e.g. Storey height of e.g. Have 2.50 m, the individual strip-shaped half-plates in a thickness of 10 cm each have a width of 75 cm. The part of the building wall shown thus has a width of 4.50 m.

At the factory, a paragraph 15 is already provided for placing prefabricated ceiling parts. Hubs the perpendicular to the wall plane adhesive joints 16, the half-plates are also in the middle of the wall plane running adhesive joint 17 connected.

While, as already noted, the reinforcing bars are used in the manufacturing plant, it may also prove useful from case to case to fill the intersecting cavities 3 and 4 with a filling material, e.g. Fill cast concrete. A window 18 to be cut out later is indicated by the dashed lines.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, a large building wall part 20 with the same dimensions as that described so far, however, is composed of half-plates 21 such that the transverse joints 22, as can be seen from FIG. 4, lie in the same cross-sectional plane of the wall part. In this case too, the individual half-panels are not only glued to one another at the transverse joints, but also at the central joint 23.

In order to simplify the reinforcement, in the present case, before the second layer of half-slabs is put on, a reinforcement network 24 has been inserted into the half-cavities of the lying half-slabs, which consists of longitudinal and transverse bars welded together.

6, this reinforcement mesh is held by spacers 25 approximately in the middle of the cavities 3 and 4, respectively. These spacers 25 can e.g. consist of a star, which is composed of individual star-shaped pieces of wire.

7, the reinforcement of the cavities 3 with the reinforcement cage 10 is shown enlarged.

In FIG. 8, the main part of the building wall shown in FIG. 3 is provided with a rectangular, continuous opening or recess 30, which will later be used as a window. The recess 30 is covered on all side surfaces with slats or boards 31 in order to prevent the filling material e.g. Cast concrete emerges into the recess. The reinforcement of the main building wall part 20 is not shown in Fig. 8, but should also be provided, even if the load-bearing capacity of the lightweight concrete e.g. for single-storey structures. Polystyrene concrete is sufficient to also support the ceiling beams on paragraph 32.

Also in the case of the embodiment according to FIG. 8, the cavities 3 and 4 are not filled in until the construction site

The intended reinforcement is not only provided for the finished building for structural reasons, but also as a support for the main part of the building in the transport position, i.e. so in a horizontal position.

Instead of the through opening 30 provided, a blind opening with the same dimensions can also be provided, which extends approximately 3/4 of the depth of the wall part, but in any case encompasses the entire cavities. This blind opening or blind recess is then sawn or cut out on the spot. Milling devices can be used to create the blind opening or blind recess.

A modified embodiment of the preparation of openings e.g. Window openings are shown in Fig. 9.

The large wall part 40 of the building that has already been erected has a cover support 41 and is provided with a slot 42 at the height of the upper edge of the window opening. This slot does not have to traverse the entire wall part but must be cut so deep that the area of the cavities 3 and 4 is fully covered. A board 43 is inserted into the slot, which prevents the filling material from entering the area of the subsequent opening. Corresponding slots and boards are also provided on the two side edges of the later openings.

The lower edge of the subsequent opening 44 is provided with a wedge-shaped cutout 45, so that from there the filling material e.g. the cast concrete can be placed in the cavities underneath.

It is obvious that the boards 43 and the wedge-shaped slot 45 can already be introduced or provided on the table in the manufacturing plant.

For a modified production of a large building wall part 100, e.g. 2.50 m high half-plates 102, 103 and 104 are used which, as can be seen from FIG. 12, each have a continuous half-cavity 105 and at their end faces 105 and 107 quarter-cavities 108 and 109. Such half-boards are produced in the usual way and then placed next to each other on a table or other flat, horizontal surface.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, five complete half-plates and half half-plates divided longitudinally on both end faces have been placed next to one another.

The respective projecting surfaces 110 on the adjacent half-plates 104 are then e.g. sprayed with a polyurethane isocyanate adhesive, which after a few seconds, e.g. Foams for 15-18 seconds.

Before this pubic formation occurs, six half-plates 102 and 103 are overlapped on the half-plate layer, as can be seen in FIG. 11. The resulting cavities can also be made in the factory with a casting material e.g. Pouring or filling concrete, but pouring on the spot after the wall is installed is more convenient.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 11, the respective joints 111 and 112 of adjacent half-plates are arranged in such a way that not a single joint extends straight through the wall.

As indicated by dashed lines 120, windows and doors can be cut out of the wall before leaving the factory; however, this is expediently carried out after the cavities have been filled with the casting material, that is to say either in the factory or at the construction site.

The lightweight material used, e.g. As is known, polystyrene concrete can be processed relatively easily with conventional tools; e.g. sawn, trimmed or otherwise treated.

In order to further facilitate the prefabrication of the large building part of the building, as shown, it is possible to mill 121 on the ceiling, as a result of which the support for ceiling elements, ceiling beams or the like. already in the factory is created. This milling or cutting then also expediently takes place in the factory.

The connection of further wall elements, composed in the same or similar manner as described above, is carried out at the construction site in the usual manner using corner pieces or the like.

As far as this is technically possible, wider half-plates can also be used, e.g. have two or possibly even more parallel half-cavities running in the longitudinal direction of the half-plate. When assembling the half panels into a large building component, however, care must always be taken to ensure that the individual half panels overlap.

It should also be mentioned that the half half-plates respectively arranged on the end faces are produced by simply cutting through the half-plates 102, 103 or 104 in the middle of the half-cavity.

Claims (12)

1. Building part of the large wall, which consists of at least two strip-shaped, side-by-side plate elements made of lightweight building material, in particular lightweight concrete, the plate elements intersecting cavities in the wall plane and at least one half-cavity on at least one end face or connecting side to the neighboring plate and the cavities a network. forming with filling material, e.g. Cast concrete can be filled, characterized in that the half-slabs forming the slab elements have at least one half-cavity extending in the longitudinal direction and parallel to this, quarter-cavities on the end faces or connecting sides, and in that several half-slabs are connected to one another in the longitudinal direction, e.g. are glued. 2. Building part of the large wall, which consists of at least two strip-shaped, side-by-side plate elements made of lightweight building material, in particular lightweight concrete, wherein the plate elements have intersecting cavities in the wall plane and at least on one end face or connecting side to the adjacent panel have at least one half-cavity and the cavities form a network with filler material , e.g. Cast concrete can be filled, characterized in that the cavities of the wall part are at least partially provided with reinforcement in the manufacturing plant. 3. Building wall part according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcement consists at least partially of reinforcement cages, preferably with longitudinal iron. 4. Building wall part according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcement consists of individual reinforcing bars held in the operative position by spacers. 5. Building large wall part according to claim 4, characterized in that the reinforcing bars are held together in a network, e.g. are welded. 6. Building wall part according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the spacers are star-shaped. 7. Building wall part with at least one latter partially or completely traversing recess or blind recess e.g. in the form of a window according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the area of the recess is unarmed. 8. Building wall part according to claim 7, characterized in that a reinforcement cage above the recess or blind recess can be used in the factory. 9. Building wall part according to claim 7, characterized in that the wall part is slotted at the height of the upper edge of the recess to be provided and provided with a board or the like. 10. Building wall part according to one of claims 7-9, characterized in that the wall part is provided at the level of the lower edge of the recess to be provided with an opening for filling the filling material in the cavities arranged below. 11. Building wall part according to claim 7, characterized in that a blind recess is provided and the exposed cavities or the like at least at the top of the recess with slats. are covered. 12. Building wall part according to claim 11, characterized in that all edges of the recess with slats, boards or the like. are covered.

Images