EP0143101A2 - Reinforcement for reinforced concrete constructions - Google Patents

Abstract

This reinforcement for reinforced concrete constructions, in particular flat-type supporting structures, possesses reinforcing elements (4) in the form of a series of stirrups (5), which are interconnected by means of rods (9) forming a longitudinal reinforcement. To reduce the number of parts to be handled individually which are required in the formation of such a reinforcement and for the easy and rapid assembly thereof, the free legs (7) of the stirrups (5) possess bent-up portions (8) which receive or embrace the longitudinal rods (9), as a result of which the elements (4) can be stacked. In this arrangement, the reinforcing elements (4) are arranged either individually next to one another or, in pairs, diametrically opposed inside one another and offset relative to one another, rod bundle elements, individual rods or mats being provided as a transverse reinforcement transversely to the longitudinal rods (9) of the stirrup elements (4) on the outsides thereof. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to reinforcement for reinforced concrete structures, in particular sheet-like structures, with reinforcement elements in the form of a series of U-brackets, which are connected to one another by bars forming longitudinal reinforcement.

Reinforcement of this type is known from DE-OS 1 609 855 (cf. FIGS. 15-22); however, the support rods are not secured against buckling, their distances from one another are different and they cannot be arranged in one plane; in addition, a seamless arrangement of the supporting reinforcement is not possible.

• Zunächst wurden an einer (nicht dargestellten)Schalungswand (ebenfalls nicht dargestellte) vertikal angeordnete Montagestäbe festgelegt und an diesen die horizontalen Stäbe 1 und an letzteren wiederum, und zwar quer zu ihnen, die vertikalen Stäbe 2 befestigt, wodurch man ein Gitterwerk an der einen Schalungswand erhält. Sodann müssen (nicht dargestellte) Füssel als Abstandhalter angefügt werden, und mit deren Hilfe wird ein zweites Gitterwerk aus den vertikalen Stäben 2 und den horizontalen Stäben 1 hergestellt. Schließlich werden als die äußeren Gitterwerke verbindenden Glieder S-Haken 3 in horizontalen und vertikalen Reihen eingefädelt, wobei diese mit ihren Haken mindestens die vertikalen Stäbe 2 umfassen müssen, um in einer Stückzahl von 4/m die Knicksicherung zu bilden; der Abstand Z der S-Haken beträgt demnach etwa 50 cm in horizontaler und vertikaler Richtung. Schließlich wird vor dem Betonieren die andere Schalungswand aufgestellt. Es sind also bei diesem bekannten Herstellungsvorgang nicht weniger als neun Bewehrungsteile einzeln handzuhaben, was einen hohen Zeitaufwand und umständliche Manipulationen umfaßt.

To produce a reinforcement for reinforced concrete structures, especially for the production of any wall reinforcement, e.g. hollow box-shaped subway sections, one had to proceed with a wall so far (for easier understanding reference is made to FIGS. 1 and 2, in which a wall reinforcement in side view and is shown in section along the line II-II of Figure 1):

• First, vertically arranged mounting bars were fixed to a (not shown) formwork wall (also not shown) and to these the horizontal bars 1 and to the latter, in turn, perpendicular to them, the vertical bars 2 were fixed, thereby creating a latticework on one formwork wall receives. Then (not shown) feet must be added as spacers, and with the help of which a second latticework is produced from the vertical bars 2 and the horizontal bars 1. Finally, as links connecting the outer lattice works, S-hooks 3 are threaded in horizontal and vertical rows, these hooks having to include at least the vertical bars 2 in order to form the kink protection in a quantity of 4 / m; the distance Z of the S-hooks is therefore approximately 50 cm in the horizontal and vertical directions. Finally, the other formwork wall is set up before concreting. So it's with them sem known manufacturing process to handle no less than nine reinforcement parts individually, which involves a lot of time and laborious manipulations.

The invention has for its object to provide a reinforcement of the type mentioned, which, while avoiding these disadvantages, consists of fewer and easier and quick to install reinforcement parts, wherein their elements should also be machine-made and stackable. In addition, after installation, the support rods should be equally spaced, lie in one plane and encompassed by links having S-hook functions.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the free legs of the U-bracket have the longitudinal bars receiving or extensive bends, whereby the elements are stackable, and that the reinforcement elements are arranged either individually next to each other or in pairs opposite to each other and offset from one another , whereby transverse to the longitudinal bars of the U-bracket elements serving as transverse reinforcement serving bar coulter elements, single bars or mats are provided. Through such an arrangement of U-bracket elements, their legs form the required anti-kink protection for the longitudinal bars lying in their bends, and the transverse reinforcement, e.g. Bar coulter elements can then be easily and quickly arranged on the outside of the U-bracket elements. The cross reinforcement can also consist of single bars or steel mesh.

For the production of a reinforcement for in particular horizontal reinforced concrete structures, such as ceilings, slabs and the like, there is a further feature of the invention in the case of a special reinforcement, namely one in which the free legs of the U-shaped stirrups have the longitudinal bars receiving or encompassing bends , whereby the U-bracket elements are stackable, and in which the reinforcement elements are individually arranged next to one another and, transverse to the longitudinal bars of the U-bracket elements on the outside serving as transverse reinforcement, coulter elements, single bars or mats are provided, the longitudinal bars are also provided at the junctures of the legs with the middle part of the U-bracket, in that the longitudinal bars, preferably in a closed row, are arranged on the outside on the middle part of the U-bracket elements, the bars missing in the grid of the longitudinal bars thus formed being provided by individual bars or are supplemented by a bar coulter element or a mat, which is either arranged between the bends of a U-bracket element or is arranged below two adjacent U-bracket elements, in the latter case at the location of the two missing middle bars of such a bar Bar coulter element or such a mat are the longitudinal bars of the U-bracket elements encompassed by the bends. A reinforcement designed in this way can be assembled at the construction site in a fraction of the time previously required for known reinforcements.

• Fig. 3 ein U-Bügelelement in Seitenansicht,
• Fig. 4 dieses Element im Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV der Fig. 3,
• Fig. 5 eine ähnliche Darstellung wie Fig. 4, jedoch eines Paares solcher Elemente in einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung, die
• Fig. 6 - 10 Schnitte durch weitere, gegenüber Fig. 4 abgeänderte Bügelelemente in Baukastenform, die
• Fig. 11 bis 14 die den Fig. 6 bis 9 entsprechenden Elemente in Seitenansichten,
• Fig. 15 einen Schnitt nach der Linie XV-XV der Fig. 16, die
• Fig. 16 bis 18 den Fig. 12 bis 14 entsprechende Seitenansichten abgeänderter Elemente,
• Fig. 19 ein mit den Paaren von Bügelelementen zu kombinierendes Stabscharelement in Seitenansicht,
• Fig. 20 eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Reihe von ineinander gestellten Paaren von U-Bügelelementen nach den Fig. 3 bis 5, mit den beiderseits zuzuordnenden Stabscharelementen,
• Fig. 21 eine Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 20, jedoch mit den Elementen nach Fig. 17 und schalungsseitig angelegten Stabscharelementen,
• Fig. 22 eine Draufsicht auf eine Reihe von Stabscharelementen für eine Deckenbewehrung,
• Fig. 23 die zugehörige Seitenansicht,
• Fig. 24 eine Draufsicht auf die halbfertiggestellte Deckenbewehrung,
• Fig. 25 die zugehörige Seitenansicht mit den noch aufzulegenden weiteren Stabscharelementen, die
• Fig. 26 und 27 im Querschnitt zwei verschieden breite Ausführungen von U-Bügelelementen, bei denen der die im Raster fehlenden Längsstäbe aufweisende Bewehrungsteil innerhalb dieses Elementes liegt,
• Fig. 28 ein Paar von U-Bügelelementen, ähnlich dem nach Fig. 26, und
• Fig. 29 ein solches Paar von dazu breiterer Abmessung, jeweils paarweise untergriffen von einem die im Raster fehlenden Längsstäbe aufweisenden Bewehrungsteil.

Further details and advantages of the invention result from the description of various embodiments with reference to further figures of the drawing; show it:

• 3 is a U-bracket element in side view,
• 4 this element in section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3,
• Fig. 5 is a similar representation as Fig. 4, but of a pair of such elements in an arrangement according to the invention, the
• Fig. 6 - 10 sections through further, compared to Fig. 4 modified bracket elements in modular form, the
• 11 to 14 the elements corresponding to FIGS. 6 to 9 in side views,
• Fig. 15 is a section along the line XV-XV of Fig. 16, the
• 16 to 18 side views corresponding to FIGS. 12 to 14 of modified elements,
• 19 shows a side coulter element to be combined with the pairs of bracket elements,
• Fig. 20 is a schematic plan view of a row of nested pairs of U-bracket elements according to FIGS. 3 to 5, with the bar share elements to be assigned on both sides,
• FIG. 21 shows a representation similar to FIG. 20, but with the elements according to FIG. 17 and bar coulter elements applied on the formwork side,
• 22 is a plan view of a series of bar coulter elements for a ceiling reinforcement,
• 23 the associated side view,
• 24 is a plan view of the semi-finished ceiling reinforcement,
• 25 the associated side view with the further coulter elements still to be placed, the
• 26 and 27 in cross-section two versions of U-bracket elements of different widths, in which the reinforcement part having the longitudinal bars missing in the grid lies within this element,
• Fig. 28 shows a pair of U-bracket elements, similar to that of Fig. 26, and
• 29 shows such a pair with a wider dimension, each underpinned by a reinforcement part that has the longitudinal bars missing in the grid.

As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, the U-bracket element 4 consists of U brackets 5 arranged one above the other at a distance Z, for example 50 cm, which have a straight middle part 6, straight legs 7 bent by 90 ° against the middle part 6 and at their free ends have outward bends 8 over an angle of approximately 180 °. The U-brackets 5 are connected to vertical bars 9 arranged transversely to them, e.g. by welding. The arrangement is such that only a pair of rods 9 is covered by the bends 8.

To produce a part of the reinforcement according to the invention, a pair of elements 4 is first arranged opposite and offset from one another (FIG. 5), ie an element 4 ″ (shown in broken lines) is inserted into element 4 ′ in such a way that the rod 9 of element 4 "lies in the middle of the middle parts 6 of the element 4 '. Then the left leg 7 of the element 4 "in FIG. 5 lies approximately in the plane of symmetry of the element 4 'and, conversely, the right leg of the element 4' inevitably lies approximately in the plane of symmetry of the element 4". The insertion takes place until the rod 9 in the bends 8 of the left leg 7 of the element 4 "strikes the middle parts 6 of the element 4 ', and conversely the rod 9 in the bends 8 of the right leg 7 of the element 4' to the Middle parts 6 of the element 4 "abuts. In this way, the middle parts 6 of the elements 4 ', 4 "lie in two mutually parallel planes, just like the rods 9 of the elements 4', 4" in adjacent, parallel planes, etc. at equal distances from each other.

6 to 9 illustrate how such an element according to FIGS. 3 and 4, which is designated in FIG. 6 with El and is shown with the modification that there is another pair of rods 9 at the junction of the central part 6 with the legs 7, a modular system can be formed over a grid. In the case of the element El, based on a grid unit X, the distance between the two bars 9 on the central part 6 is 2'X, the distance from the corner bar 9 on the central part 6 to the bar 9 in the subsequent bend 8 being the distance X 1 in the horizontal projection and the distance Y in the vertical projection.

If the length of the middle part 6 is increased by X and if a third rod 9a is located in its third point between the end rods 9, the bracket element E2 according to FIG. 7 is obtained; with two further rods 9a and 9b, each in the half and in the quarter point of the middle part 6, to the element E3 according to FIG. 8 and finally with three further rods 9a, 9b and 9c to the element E4 according to FIG. 9. The spacings of the rods 9 on the central part 6 then amount to 3 X in FIG. 7, 4 X in FIG. 8 and 5 X in FIG. 9. In this way, the modular system can be expanded as desired.

It is essential in this design of the bracket elements E 1 to E 4 as parts of a modular system that Weils, in the examples shown, the space lying away from the corner bar 9 at the left end of the middle part 6 to the right around the grid unit X, so no additional bar is arranged there; in other words, the distance from that corner bar 9 to the adjacent bar 9a is 2 X each, as can be seen in FIGS. 7 to 9.

If one wishes not to claim certain resulting advantages which are yet to be explained, an arrangement according to FIG. 10 can also be made. An element E5 is shown in this FIG. 10, in which two rods 9d and 9e, each at a distance X from one another, are arranged on the central part 6, adjacent to the corner rods 9, whereas the space in the middle of the central part 6 remains unoccupied.

If, as shown in FIG. 5, the elements E1 to E4 are pushed into one another in pairs, then one always obtains bars 9, 9a, 9b, etc., which are located at each point of intersection of the grid (see FIG. 21, where this applies to a Compared to element E3 according to FIG. 8, element E3.1, which is insignificant in this connection, is shown: here, as in FIG. 5, all rods 9 and additional rods 9a, 9b lie in two parallel planes, each with the same spacing to each other).

This shows that changing the number of additional bars 9a; 9b, 9c per element E1 to E4 is able to adapt wide ranges of the required vertical reinforcement.

If one proceeds with element E5 according to FIG. 10 exactly as shown in dashed lines, one obtains flaws for such rods F at the points of intersection of the grid, etc. e.g. at the points lying below the bars 9d and 9e (in FIG. 10), which may not be permissible in some applications.

11 to 14 illustrate, similar to FIG. 3, the side views corresponding to the elements E1 to E4 according to FIGS. 6 to 9, the brackets 5 again having the distance Z, preferably 50 cm, and end parts of the rods 9 with the Lengths Z1 and Z2 are provided.

A change compared to the elements E2 to E4 according to FIGS. 7 to 9 and 12 to 14 for the elements E2.1 to E4.1 according to FIGS. 16 to 18 is that only every second one of the brackets 5 with full length ( that is, two legs 7 are formed on the middle part 6 according to FIG. 4); The intermediate bracket 5 ', as shown in Fig. 15, is formed only as a half bracket, consisting of a leg 7' with the bend 8 for the rod 9 at one end and a short straight piece 6 ', which forms a shortened middle part, so to speak. In this conception, the half-bar 5 'roughly corresponds to the S-hook according to FIGS. 1 and 2. Of course, every third, fourth, etc. bar 5 could be designed with the full length and the intermediate bars as half-bars 5'.

These elements E2.1 to E4.1 can not only be combined with the element E1 in exactly the same way as the bracket elements E2 to E4, they also have a lower steel requirement in their manufacture due to the half bracket 5 ', and this while fulfilling the requirement eg 4 brackets / _m ² as kink protection.

The other, known per se, reinforcement element 10 to be combined with the bracket elements according to FIGS. 3 to 18 consists according to FIG. 19 e.g. from a group of horizontal bars 11, which are held by transverse bars 12 spaced apart from one another, preferably welded to them.

The manufacture of a reinforcement according to the invention from elements 4 or E1 and 10 can be seen in FIG. 5 and FIG. 20 already explained.

Depending on the desired length of the wall section to be produced, the required number of pairs of the elements E1 arranged according to FIG. 5 are placed next to one another in succession, etc. such that, as can be seen from FIG. 20, the bars 9 forming the vertical reinforcement come to lie in a grid and at substantially the same distance from one another. The bar coulter elements 10 are then arranged one above the other on the outer sides of the vertical reinforcement thus formed, as is shown schematically in FIG. 20 is shown, and then fixed in the usual way, for example by Rödeln. The reinforcement thus finished, in which the rods 11 and the middle parts 6 are of course each in a common plane, is now ready for concrete within a formwork (not shown in FIG. 20).

A similar representation can be seen in FIG. 21, with the difference that here, along the formwork S, instead of the elements E1 according to FIG. 6, the elements E3.1 according to FIG. 17 are used. For clarification, the brackets, the middle parts of which are at the bottom, are shown in full lines. It can be seen how, according to the design according to FIGS. 6 to 9 (keeping the intersection point adjacent to the corner bar 9 on the central part 6 in the grid), a closed system of bars 9, 9a, 9b of the vertical reinforcement results, taking each crossing point of the grid, with full maintenance of the kink protection in the planes denoted AA by the half-bars 5 '.

Comparing the reinforcement that can be produced according to the invention according to FIGS. 20, 21 with that made according to FIGS. 1 and 2, it can be seen that here with a pair of mutually identical elements 4, E1 to E4 or E1 and E2. 1 to E4.1 and other reinforcement elements 10 that are the same, the desired reinforcement is available, the legs 7, 7 'of the bracket 5 or half bracket 5' performing the function of the previous S-hook 3 (FIGS. 1, 2) take over as kink protection.

22 to 25 show how a ceiling reinforcement can be produced with the reinforcement according to the invention.

Starting from a first row next to each other, arranged according to the floor plan of the ceiling, similar to element 10 in Fig. 19 trained bar coulter elements E, also consisting of longitudinal bars 11 and cross bars 12, as shown in Figs. 22 and 23, to the Cross bars 12 opposite side of these elements E in pairs arranged bracket elements E2 according to the invention sets and connected to the elements E, as can be seen from the right part of FIG. 25. The corresponding plan view in the arrow direction Pf of FIG. 25 is shown in FIG. 24. Then, as shown in the left part of this FIG. 25, a second row of elements E is arranged with its longitudinal bars 11 parallel to that of the first row 25 in the arrow direction Pf of FIG. 25 and attached to the bracket elements E2, whereby the finished ceiling reinforcement is obtained.

Within the scope of the invention, further modifications to the exemplary embodiments described are possible.

For example, 19, individual bars or structural steel mesh mats can also be provided as longitudinal reinforcement at the location of the bar share elements 10, which can then be assembled with the bracket elements.

Another embodiment of the invention consists in lining up elements E1 according to FIG. 6. Since such an element contains all four rods 9 in four adjacent crossing points of the grid, such a juxtaposition at a distance of 2 X to one another is entirely possible (not shown) ).

Starting from the latter arrangement, there are further configurations according to FIGS. 26 to 29, which are particularly suitable for horizontal reinforced concrete structures such as ceilings, slabs and the like.

The element according to Fig. 26 is a U-bracket element 4 intended for the manufacture of such a ceiling, which is composed of side by side at a distance of e.g. 50 cm arranged U-brackets 5, each of which has a straight central part 6, straight, bent by 90 ° against the central part 6 legs 7 and at the free ends of outward bends 8.

The U-brackets 5 are interconnected by horizontal bars 9, 9 'arranged transversely to them at right angles, e.g. by welding, a pair of such rods 9 'being in the bends 8 and the other six rods 9 on the outside and in a closed row on the straight central part 6 and at the junctions thereof with the legs 7, that is to say at the corners of the bracket 5.

This U-bracket element 4 is assigned a bar coulter element 10 'which has four longitudinal bars 9 "which are held or connected by cross connectors 11. The arrangement is such that these four longitudinal bars 9" lie exactly in the grid, i.e. under the middle four bars 9 on the middle part 6. This shows that in this way a closed grid of longitudinal bars 9, 9 ', 9 "is formed by laying them (not shown) next to each other in the horizontal direction (from the two parts 4) and 10 'existing reinforcements. The middle part of the overall reinforcement is obtained in a simple manner, whereby, as described above, individual bars, bar coulter elements or mats serving as transverse reinforcement are then laid.

Fig. 27 shows a similar design as that of FIG. 26, with the difference that the central part 6 here carries eight bars 9 in a closed row, with the bar share element 10 'here correspondingly having six longitudinal bars 9 "in order to form a closed grid .

28 provides U-bracket elements 4, which are arranged in pairs next to one another and each have four longitudinal bars 9 in a closed row on the straight central part 6. Such a pair of elements 4 is now assigned a bar coulter element 10 ″, the two middle bars lying in the grid (at x) being omitted, so that it has only a pair of longitudinal bars 9 ″ on both sides, which in turn lie in the grid. Such a bar coulter element 10 "is arranged symmetrically under the two elements 4, the longitudinal bars 9 'of the elements 4 enclosed by the bends 8 being supported on the cross-connections 11 during this laying. These longitudinal bars 9' now take place in the bends 8 the places which are created on element 10 "at x by omitting the two middle bars, so that here too there is a closed grid.

In a similar way, according to FIG. 29 U-bracket elements 4 are provided in pairs, each with five longitudinal bars 9 on the center have part 6, whereas the supplementary bar share elements 10 ", with omission of the two middle bars, each have three longitudinal bars 9" on both sides to form a closed grid.

By varying the grid width, which is formed by the distance between two legs 7 of adjacent elements 4, e.g. in the order of 15, 20 ..... cm, and the height of the legs 7, with appropriate gradual dimensioning of the steel cross-sectional area of the bars 9, 9 ', 9 ", practically all occurring load cases can be mastered.

Further configurations of the exemplary embodiments described are possible within the scope of the invention. Instead of a bar share element 10 ", a mat can also be provided here; it is also possible to insert individual bars 9". The advantages obtainable according to the invention result analogously if such a reinforcement is also used in the case of constructions which extend in a flat manner in vertical or inclined to the horizontal plane.

Instead of the arrangement of the longitudinal bars in a closed row in the illustrated and described examples, it is also possible according to FIGS. 26 to 29, if the respective load case permits, to omit every second or third longitudinal bar, so that there is an interrupted grid arrangement. Conversely, additional individual bars can be arranged between the longitudinal bars if a greater need for an effective steel cross-sectional area is required.

Claims (8)

1. Reinforcement for reinforced concrete structures, in particular sheet-like structures, with reinforcement elements in the form of a series of U-brackets, which are connected to one another by bars forming longitudinal reinforcement, characterized in that the free legs (7) of the U-bracket (5) are the longitudinal bars (9) receiving or comprehensive bends (8), whereby the elements (4; E1-E4; _E2 .1-E2.4) can be stablized, and that the reinforcement elements (4; E1-E4; E2.1-E2 .4) either individually or next to one another in pairs diametrically opposed each other, and under such Verset- ng _u are arranged to each other, transversely to the longitudinal bars (9) of the U-bracket members (4; E2.1 to E4.1-); El-E4 the outside of which are provided as cross reinforcement bar share elements (10), single bars or mats. 2. Reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that longitudinal bars (9) are also provided at the connecting points of the legs (7) with the central part (6) of the U-bracket (5) (Fig. 6 - 10). 3. Reinforcement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one additional rod (9a, 9b, 9c; 9d, 9e) is arranged on the central part (6) of the U-bracket (5) (Fig. 7 - 10). 4. Reinforcement according to claim 3, characterized in that the arrangement of the additional bars or (9a, 9b, 9c) with mutually interlocking bracket elements (4 ', 4 "; E1-E4; E2.1-E4. 1) gives two parallel sets of bars (9) at each crossing point of a grid constructed using X (FIGS. 20, 21), namely in that a longitudinal bar (9) at the end of the central part (6) has an additional bar (9a) is assigned 2 X apart. 5. Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bends (8) on the legs (7) are directed outwards. 6. Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that every second or third of the bracket (5) depending on the static needs as a half bracket (5 ') only from egg Nem leg (7 ') with a bend (8) and another adjoining, as a straight piece (6') shortened middle part consists (Fig. 15). 7. Reinforcement according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the longitudinal bars (9), preferably in a closed row, are arranged on the outside on the central part (6) of the U-bracket elements (4) when the U-bracket elements (4) are located next to one another. wherein the bars missing in the grid of the longitudinal bars (9, 9 ') thus formed are supplemented by individual bars or by a bar share element (10', 10 ") or a mat, either between the bends (8) of a U-bracket element (4) arranged or two adjacent U-bracket elements (4) are arranged under each other, in the latter case at the location (x) of the two missing central bars of such a bar share element (10 '; 10 ") or such a mat by the bends (8) covered longitudinal rods (9 ') of the U-bracket elements (4). 8. Reinforcement according to claim 7, characterized in that the longitudinal bars (9 ") of the bar coulter element (10"; 10 ") or the mat or the individual bars in the plane of the longitudinal bars (9 ') encompassed by the bends (8) U-bracket elements (4) are located, preferably those longitudinal bars (9 ") connecting transverse connectors (11) are provided on the undersides of these longitudinal bars, that is to say on the outside on the reinforcement.

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