EP0142663B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abtauregelung von Wärmepumpen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abtauregelung von Wärmepumpen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0142663B1
EP0142663B1 EP84111031A EP84111031A EP0142663B1 EP 0142663 B1 EP0142663 B1 EP 0142663B1 EP 84111031 A EP84111031 A EP 84111031A EP 84111031 A EP84111031 A EP 84111031A EP 0142663 B1 EP0142663 B1 EP 0142663B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
temperature
temperature difference
supplied
instruction signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84111031A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0142663A3 (en
EP0142663A2 (de
Inventor
Karl Ing. grad. Mötz
Friedrich Jobst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MT Aerospace AG
Original Assignee
MAN Technologie AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Technologie AG filed Critical MAN Technologie AG
Priority to AT84111031T priority Critical patent/ATE38555T1/de
Publication of EP0142663A2 publication Critical patent/EP0142663A2/de
Publication of EP0142663A3 publication Critical patent/EP0142663A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0142663B1 publication Critical patent/EP0142663B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/002—Defroster control
    • F25D21/006—Defroster control with electronic control circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for defrosting heat pumps with features according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is based on a method for defrosting a heat pump, which is known from FR-A-2 362 350.
  • a defrosting process is controlled as a function of the temperature difference between the evaporator temperature and the ambient or supply air temperature of the evaporator.
  • the continuously ascertained actual value signals of the ambient or supply air temperature and the evaporator temperature are fed to a difference former which determines the relevant temperature difference.
  • this actual temperature difference is compared with a target temperature difference value, which is changed as a function of the ambient or supply air temperature. On the basis of this comparison, a defrost signal is emitted when the actual temperature difference exceeds the target temperature difference.
  • the solution according to the invention is based on the knowledge that icing from the coldest outside air temperature to temperatures above 0 ° C. can occur in heat pumps operating with ambient air. Due to the approximately constant or decreasing volume flow of the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator when the outside air temperature falls, a comparatively high cooling capacity occurs at a comparatively high outside or ambient air temperature or evaporator temperature due to the vapor density, while the when the outside or ambient air temperature falls or is comparatively low, the Cooling capacity decreases sharply. For a given evaporator, therefore, the temperature difference between the outside or supply air temperature and the evaporator temperature is significantly higher at high outside or ambient air temperatures, for example 2 to 3 times, than at low temperatures.
  • the target temperature difference is varied according to the ambient temperature and thus adapted to the evaporator behavior. This creates a reliable control in which unnecessary defrosting is prevented and, on the other hand, the defrosting is initiated in good time to ensure the economical operation of the heat pump.
  • the setpoint temperature difference is preferably changed continuously as a function of the outside temperature or the ambient temperature of the evaporator. However, it is also possible to use a stepwise regulation of the target temperature difference.
  • the initiation of a defrosting process at evaporator temperatures above 0 ° C is blocked in the inventive method. This reliably prevents unnecessary defrosting if, at such evaporator temperatures, the actual temperature difference exceeds the setpoint value calculated from the current outside or ambient air temperature.
  • defrosting processes are carried out quickly and the switch-off pauses of the heat pump are thus kept small.
  • selectable different defrost signals are generated according to a predetermined criterion, with which different defrosting processes are initiated.
  • These defrost signals are from the outside or Supply air temperature dependent and generated in such a way that in an outdoor or Supply air temperature above about 3-5 ° C, a normal defrosting process is initiated, with a defrost by ambient air, whereby only the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump is either switched off or diverted and the evaporator fans continue to operate.
  • supply air temperatures below 5 ° C generate a defrost signal that starts an accelerated defrosting process in which hot gas is directed to the evaporators.
  • Fig. 1 is a compression heat pump System 10 shown, which consists of an evaporator 11 for receiving the energy Q o from the ambient air 12 and a compressor 13 which compresses the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 11 and feeds a condenser 14 to which a consumer 15 is connected.
  • evaporator 11 for receiving the energy Q o from the ambient air 12
  • compressor 13 which compresses the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 11 and feeds a condenser 14 to which a consumer 15 is connected.
  • a defrost controller 16 is provided in the heat pump system 10 according to FIG. 1, which receives the signals from an evaporator temperature sensor 17 and an ambient air temperature sensor 18 and outputs a signal to an actuator 19 when defrosting is required. With the actuator 19, the compressor 13 is switched off and thus the defrosting process is initiated.
  • the defrosting process can also be initiated in other ways, such as. B. by reversing or redirecting the refrigerant flow.
  • a hysteresis comparator 21 the actual temperature difference signal ⁇ T thus formed is compared with a target temperature difference signal ⁇ T s , which is generated by a setpoint generator 22 as a function of the ambient temperature. If the measured temperature difference .DELTA.T is higher than the correspondingly calculated target value .DELTA.T s , then the comparator 21 outputs a signal 23 with which the actuator 19 is activated to initiate the defrosting process. When the defrosting process continues, the defrosting process ends when the temperature difference ⁇ T has decreased accordingly.
  • the temperature difference ⁇ T increases by a value a, which also increases approximately linearly with the ambient temperature T a .
  • a linear change in the target value T a with the outside temperature T a can thus be provided, which is shifted by a temperature difference value a with respect to the straight line 31 and may have a greater increase.
  • This straight line is shown at 32 in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a defrost controller 40 with which the method according to the invention can be carried out.
  • Defrost regulator 40 is fed by a direct current source 41, the output voltage U r of which is stabilized and filtered in a reference voltage generator 42.
  • Defrost controller 40 is also connected to ambient air temperature sensor 18 and evaporator temperature sensor 17.
  • the sensors 17 and 18 are fed by a voltage source 47, which transforms the reference voltage U r into a predetermined sensor voltage U S.
  • the temperature signals 43 and 45 generated by the sensors 17, 18 are adapted and standardized to the voltage level of the circuit in amplifiers 50 and 51, respectively.
  • the amplified voltage signals 52 and 53 are processed to form four command signals 54, 55, 56, 57 in the defrost controller 40.
  • the setpoint temperature difference ⁇ T s is generated by a function generator 62, specifically from the current ambient air temperature signal 52 and an externally adjustable voltage value 63 from a potentiometer 64, which corresponds to the temperature difference adapted for the respective application.
  • the setpoint temperature difference ⁇ T s is formed in a first approximation as a linear function according to curve 32 in FIG. 2.
  • the slope K of this function is variable here.
  • the command signal 54 generated in this way gives the commands “switch on defrost process” or “end defrost process ” .
  • the switching process for a defrosting process is triggered by means of two logic AND gates 65 and 66 as a function of further signals, namely the command signals 55, 56 and 57.
  • the command signals 55 indicate whether the evaporator temperature is greater or less than 0 ° C., and they are generated by comparing the evaporator temperature signal 53 with a voltage value U ° corresponding to 0 ° C. in a comparator 71, which is also subject to hysteresis.
  • the command signals 56 and 57 are outside temperature-dependent signals which are generated by comparing the ambient air temperature signal 52 with a voltage U k associated with a corresponding temperature in a third, hysteresis-based comparator 72, the output signal of which forms signal 57 on the one hand and a non-signal on the other Member 73 supplied, there is reversed and forms the signal 56 starting from the latter.
  • Different defrosting processes can be initiated with these outside temperature-dependent command signals 56 and 57, which are each input to one of the logic AND links 65 and 66, respectively.
  • the outside temperature T a and the evaporator temperature T k are measured continuously and the setpoint T s is calculated continuously.
  • the comparator 61 If the temperature difference AT between the measured values exceeds the target value .DELTA.T s , the comparator 61 outputs the defrost signal 54, which is input into both logic AND operations 65 and 66. However, the logic AND link 65 will only output a switching signal 74 if it simultaneously receives the signal 55 for Tk ⁇ 0 ° C. and the signal 56 for T a ⁇ T uk (for example T a less than 5 ° C.). As a result, a first switching process is carried out, for. B. Switching off the heat pump operation and switching on the hot gas defrost.
  • the second logic AND link 66 will output a switching signal 75 with which, for example, only the heat pump operation is switched off.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
EP84111031A 1983-09-20 1984-09-15 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abtauregelung von Wärmepumpen Expired EP0142663B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84111031T ATE38555T1 (de) 1983-09-20 1984-09-15 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur abtauregelung von waermepumpen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3333907 1983-09-20
DE19833333907 DE3333907A1 (de) 1983-09-20 1983-09-20 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur abtauregelung von waermepumpen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0142663A2 EP0142663A2 (de) 1985-05-29
EP0142663A3 EP0142663A3 (en) 1985-07-03
EP0142663B1 true EP0142663B1 (de) 1988-11-09

Family

ID=6209559

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84111031A Expired EP0142663B1 (de) 1983-09-20 1984-09-15 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abtauregelung von Wärmepumpen

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0142663B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
AT (1) ATE38555T1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (2) DE3333907A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4563877A (en) * 1984-06-12 1986-01-14 Borg-Warner Corporation Control system and method for defrosting the outdoor coil of a heat pump
JPS6192908A (ja) * 1984-10-12 1986-05-10 Diesel Kiki Co Ltd 車輛用空気調和装置
US4573326A (en) * 1985-02-04 1986-03-04 American Standard Inc. Adaptive defrost control for heat pump system
DE3539817A1 (de) * 1985-11-09 1987-05-14 Licentia Gmbh Verfahren zur messtechnischen ermittlung, anzeige und/oder der auswertung der an den kuehllamellen eines luftkuehlers auftretenden vereisung
US4835715A (en) * 1986-12-17 1989-05-30 Carrier Corporation Outdoor ambient temperature determination
EP0285690A1 (de) * 1987-04-08 1988-10-12 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur temperaturabhängigen Bedarfsabtauung von Kühlanlagen
US4882908A (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-11-28 Ranco Incorporated Demand defrost control method and apparatus
DE4105880A1 (de) * 1991-02-25 1992-08-27 Kueba Kaeltetechnik Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur leistungsoptimierung und abtausteuerung von kaeltemittelverdampfern
KR100271974B1 (ko) * 1998-08-31 2000-11-15 전주범 냉장고의 제상 제어방법
AU7699000A (en) * 1999-09-24 2001-04-24 Arcelik A.S. Defrost control
US6334321B1 (en) * 2000-03-15 2002-01-01 Carrier Corporation Method and system for defrost control on reversible heat pumps
DE10053422A1 (de) * 2000-10-27 2002-05-08 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Kältegerät mit Abtau-Automatik
DE10223716A1 (de) * 2002-05-28 2003-12-11 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Steuern des Abtauprozesses eines Verdampfers
KR20050105029A (ko) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-03 엘지전자 주식회사 공기조화기의 제상운전방법
EP2366968B1 (de) * 2010-03-17 2017-05-17 Wolf GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abtauen eines Verdampfers einer Wärmepumpenvorrichtung
ES2762238T3 (es) * 2010-07-01 2020-05-22 Carrier Corp Desescarchado a demanda con saturación de refrigerante del evaporador
EP2717002B1 (de) * 2012-10-08 2019-01-02 Emerson Climate Technologies GmbH Verfahren zum Bestimmen von Abtauzeitpunkten
CN111076364A (zh) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-28 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 换热器组件、空调及空调控制方法
DE102020123960B4 (de) 2020-09-15 2023-07-27 Viessmann Climate Solutions Se Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wärmepumpe und Wärmepumpe

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3950962A (en) * 1973-05-01 1976-04-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Saginomiya Seisakusho System for defrosting in a heat pump
DE2637129A1 (de) * 1976-08-18 1978-02-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zum abtauen von verdampfern in kaeltemittelkreislaeufen, insbesondere von waermepumpen
US4215554A (en) * 1978-05-30 1980-08-05 General Electric Company Frost control system
US4338790A (en) * 1980-02-21 1982-07-13 The Trane Company Control and method for defrosting a heat pump outdoor heat exchanger
DE3227604A1 (de) * 1981-07-29 1983-02-24 Olsberg Gesellschaft für Produktion und Absatz mbH, 5790 Brilon Automatische abtauregelvorrichtung fuer waermepumpen-verdampfer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0142663A3 (en) 1985-07-03
EP0142663A2 (de) 1985-05-29
ATE38555T1 (de) 1988-11-15
DE3475100D1 (en) 1988-12-15
DE3333907C2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1988-05-11
DE3333907A1 (de) 1985-04-04

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