EP0141296B1 - Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0141296B1
EP0141296B1 EP84112034A EP84112034A EP0141296B1 EP 0141296 B1 EP0141296 B1 EP 0141296B1 EP 84112034 A EP84112034 A EP 84112034A EP 84112034 A EP84112034 A EP 84112034A EP 0141296 B1 EP0141296 B1 EP 0141296B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
circuit arrangement
capacitor
point
step winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84112034A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0141296A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Stein
Walter Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Transformatoren Union AG
Original Assignee
Transformatoren Union AG
Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Transformatoren Union AG, Siemens AG filed Critical Transformatoren Union AG
Priority to AT84112034T priority Critical patent/ATE29333T1/en
Publication of EP0141296A1 publication Critical patent/EP0141296A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0141296B1 publication Critical patent/EP0141296B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/343—Preventing or reducing surge voltages; oscillations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for large power transformers with an undervoltage, a high-voltage master and a step winding in connection and counter-connection, with an RC element for the step winding and with a star-point step switching device, the step winding consisting for example of two electrically parallel, center-symmetrical parts , and goes z. B. from DE-A-21 17 522.
  • Windings of transformers have certain natural resonance frequencies.
  • a vibrating switching voltage applied from the outside can, if the frequency matches, excite these natural vibrations and lead to very high internal stresses for the insulation of the winding.
  • the vibrations with the natural frequency of the step winding can be particularly unpleasant.
  • These voltage vibrations also influence the end of the main winding in certain positions of the tap changer, especially in counter-switching, and also lead to voltage increases here and thereby endanger the insulation.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing an arrangement for the harmless absorption of overvoltages originating from oscillating switching voltages by transformer windings, without forcing an enlargement of the transformer core window, and at the same time restricting the remaining space requirements to the bare minimum.
  • this object is achieved for a circuit arrangement specified at the outset by the combination of features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • a very advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the capacitor is constructed from the individual stages of partial capacitors connected in parallel and electrically in series with one another and thereby effectively dampens the natural frequencies of a higher atomic number of the stage winding.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention is very advantageous because it ensures optimum protection of the step winding against oscillating switching impulse voltages.
  • additional damping is advantageously achieved without the winding losses being measurably increased at the operating frequency.
  • the step winding 14 is composed of two electrically parallel parts which are arranged spatially symmetrically to a center input (1).
  • Levels 1 to 10 can be selected by contact arms 15 of a selector 16 and one of the contact arms 15 is connected to the star point of the transformer by an uninterrupted switching load switch 17.
  • the center input and the ends of the step winding 14 are connected to fixed contacts in a turner 18, the movable contact of which is at the low-voltage end of the high-voltage main winding 13.
  • the voltages of the windings 13 and 14 are added in the switching position of the inverter 18 shown in dashed lines and subtracted in the switching position shown in solid lines.
  • a capacitor 19 is now connected between the center connection of the step winding 14 and the star point of the transformer, which greatly reduces the capacitively transmitted voltage.
  • a damping resistor 20 is connected upstream of the capacitor 19 in order to dampen its charging currents and to reduce the quality factor.
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement in which the capacitor is divided into partial capacitors 21.
  • the use of a capacitor bank made up of partial capacitors 21 also enables the production of the same from double-coiled coils from a strip conductor made of a resistance alloy. Additional damping of the step winding 14 is thus possible without measurably increasing the losses occurring at the operating frequency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Regulation Of General Use Transformers (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A circuit arrangement for large power transformers with a low-voltage winding, a main high-voltage winding and a step winding as well as a step switching device at a Y-point side thereof, includes, at a location between a point connecting the step winding to the high-voltage main winding and the Y-point of the transformer, a capacitor in series with a resistor is connected electrically parallel to respectively current-carrying steps of the step winding, the capacitor and the resistor being of such dimensions as to decrease resonance amplitudes of the connecting point to ground, the capacitor being constructed of spirally wound strip lines formed of a resistance alloy, the strip lines being also of such dimensions as to reduce resonance amplitudes of the connecting points.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung für Leistungsgroßtransformatoren mit einer Unterspannungs-, einer Oberspannungsstamm-und einer Stufenwicklung in Zu- und Gegenschaltung, mit einem RC-Glied für die Stufenwicklung sowie mit einer sternpunktseitigen Stufenschalteinrichtung, wobei die Stufenwicklung beispielsweise aus zwei elektrisch parallelen, mittensymmetrischen Teilen besteht, und geht dabei z. B. von der DE-A- 21 17 522 aus.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for large power transformers with an undervoltage, a high-voltage master and a step winding in connection and counter-connection, with an RC element for the step winding and with a star-point step switching device, the step winding consisting for example of two electrically parallel, center-symmetrical parts , and goes z. B. from DE-A-21 17 522.

Wicklungen von Transformatoren haben bestimmte Eigenresonanzfrequenzen. Eine von außen anliegende schwingende Schaltspannung kann bei Übereinstimmung der Frequenz diese Eigenschwingungen anregen und zu sehr hohen inneren Spannungsbeanspruchungen für die Isolierung der Wicklung führen. Beim Aufbau von Oberspannungswicklungen aus einer Stammwicklung und einer zugehörigen Stufenwicklung in Zu- und Gegenschaltung können die Schwingungen mit der Eigenfrequenz der Stufenwicklung besonders unangenehm sein. Diese Spannungsschwingungen beeinflussen in bestimmten Stellungen des Stufenschalters, insbesondere in Gegenschaltung, auch das Ende der Stammwicklung und führen auch hier zu Spannungsüberhöhungen und gefährden dadurch die Isolierung.Windings of transformers have certain natural resonance frequencies. A vibrating switching voltage applied from the outside can, if the frequency matches, excite these natural vibrations and lead to very high internal stresses for the insulation of the winding. When building high-voltage windings from a main winding and an associated step winding in connection and counter-connection, the vibrations with the natural frequency of the step winding can be particularly unpleasant. These voltage vibrations also influence the end of the main winding in certain positions of the tap changer, especially in counter-switching, and also lead to voltage increases here and thereby endanger the insulation.

Das Verhältnis der Resonanzamplitude am Ende der Stammwicklung zur Schaltspannungsamplitude am Eingang errechnet sich aus

  • ? = /n2c + Q2(nc - nT)2

mit nc = kapazitives Übersetzungsverhältnis Stamm-/ Stufenwicklung
  • nT = induktives Übersetzungsverhältnis Stamm-/ Stufenwicklung ( < 0 bei Gegenschaltung)
  • Q = Güte bei der Eigenfrequenz der Stufenwicklung.
The ratio of the resonance amplitude at the end of the main winding to the switching voltage amplitude at the input is calculated
  • ? = / n2c + Q 2 (n c - n T ) 2

with n c = capacitive transmission ratio master / step winding
  • n T = inductive transmission ratio primary / step winding (<0 with counter-connection)
  • Q = quality at the natural frequency of the step winding.

Um die Resonanzamplituden an dieser Stelle zu reduzieren, ist bereits vorgeschlagen worden, räumlich zwischen Stamm- und Stufenwicklung einen elektrostatischen Schirmzylinder anzuordnen, der an das Sternpunktpotential angelenkt wird und die beiden Wicklungen elektrisch voneinander entkoppelt (nc- 0). Dieser Schirmzylinder ist jedoch technisch schwierig ausführbar und beansprucht darüber hinaus wertvollen Platz im Kernfenster des Transformators, so daß dieser durch die Schirmmaßnahme vergrößert und verteuert ist.In order to reduce the resonance amplitudes at this point, it has already been proposed to place an electrostatic shield cylinder spatially between the main and step windings, which is articulated to the star point potential and electrically decouples the two windings from one another (n c - 0). However, this shield cylinder is technically difficult to carry out and also takes up valuable space in the core window of the transformer, so that this is enlarged and made more expensive by the shielding measure.

Durch die DE-C- 23 28 375 ist es auch schon bekannt, zur Spannungssteuerung an Wicklungen von Transformatoren eine Kondensatorbatterie aus Einzelkondensatoren einzusetzen, wobei jedem zu steuernden Wicklungsabschnitt ein Einzelkondensator parallelgeschaltet ist. Diese Einzelkondensatoren können analog zu durch die DE-C- 680 283 bekannten Widerstands- und Kapazitätselementen aus Werkstoff mit hohem ohmschen Widerstand bestehen. Bei Resonanzanregung einer derart kapazitiv beschalteten Stufenwicklung in Gegenschaltung werden zwar die Resonanzamplituden dadurch abgesenkt, daß die kapazitiv übertragene Spannung, d.h. nc, reduziert wird.From DE-C-23 28 375 it is also known to use a capacitor bank made up of individual capacitors for voltage control on windings of transformers, with each individual winding section being connected in parallel. These individual capacitors can be made of material with a high ohmic resistance analogous to the resistance and capacitance elements known from DE-C-680 283. With resonance excitation of such a capacitively connected step winding in counter-connection, the resonance amplitudes are indeed reduced in that the capacitively transmitted voltage, ie n c , is reduced.

Der Gütefaktor Q der Wicklung wird jedoch durch diese Beschaltung praktisch nicht beeinflußt.However, the quality factor Q of the winding is practically not influenced by this circuit.

Das Gleiche gilt auch für eine durch die DE-A-2117 422 bekannte Anordnung, bei der ein RC-Glied ohne Umschaltmöglichkeit fest parallel zu einer Grobstufenwicklung geschaltet ist. Durch die Parallelschaltung dieses RC-Gliedes zu der Grobstufenwicklung bilden diese beiden Baugruppen zusammen mit den jeweils eingeschalteten Feinstufen elektrisch eine Reihenschaltung.The same also applies to an arrangement known from DE-A-2117 422, in which an RC element is connected in parallel with a coarse step winding without the possibility of switching. Due to the parallel connection of this RC element to the coarse stage winding, these two assemblies together with the respectively activated fine stages electrically form a series connection.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anordnung zur schadlosen Aufnahme von aus schwingenden Schaltspannungen herrührenden Überspannungen durch Trasnformatorwicklungen zu schaffen, ohne dabei eine Vergrößerung des Transformatorkernfensters zu erzwingen, und dabei auch den übrigen Raumbedarf auf das Notwendigste zu beschränken.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing an arrangement for the harmless absorption of overvoltages originating from oscillating switching voltages by transformer windings, without forcing an enlargement of the transformer core window, and at the same time restricting the remaining space requirements to the bare minimum.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe für eine eingangs angegebene Schaltungsanordnung durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 angegebene Merkmalskombination gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved for a circuit arrangement specified at the outset by the combination of features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Eine sehr vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß der Kondensator aus den einzelnen Stufen parallel geschalteten, miteinander elektrisch in Reihe liegenden Teilkondensatoren aufgebaut ist und dadurch auch die Eigenfrequenzen höherer Ordnungszahl der Stufenwicklung wirksam bedämpft.A very advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the capacitor is constructed from the individual stages of partial capacitors connected in parallel and electrically in series with one another and thereby effectively dampens the natural frequencies of a higher atomic number of the stage winding.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung ist sehr vorteilhaft, denn sie gewährleistet einen optimalen Schutz der Stufenwicklung gegenüber schwingenden Schaltstoßspannungen. Bei Resonanzanregung der Stufenwicklung wird in vorteilhafter Weise eine Zusatzdämpfung erreicht, ohne daß die Wicklungsverluste bei der Betriebsfrequenz meßbar erhöht werden.The circuit arrangement according to the invention is very advantageous because it ensures optimum protection of the step winding against oscillating switching impulse voltages. When the step winding is excited by resonance, additional damping is advantageously achieved without the winding losses being measurably increased at the operating frequency.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung mit einem einzigen Kondensator
  • Fig. 2 zeigt eine Schaltungsanordnung mit einem in Teilkondensatoren aufgeteilten Kondensator.
Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.
  • Fig. 1 shows a circuit arrangement according to the invention with a single capacitor
  • 2 shows a circuit arrangement with a capacitor divided into partial capacitors.

Einander entsprechende Bauteile sind in beiden Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding components are provided with the same reference symbols in both figures.

Konzentrisch um einen Kernschenkel 11 sind in üblicher Weise von innen nach außen aufeinanderfolgend eine Unterspannungswicklung 12, eine Oberspannungsstammwicklung 13, sowie eine Stufenwicklung 14 mit Stufen 1 bis 10 angeordnet. Die Stufenwicklung 14 ist aus zwei elektrisch parallelen, räumlich symmetrisch zu einem Mitteneingang (1) angeordneten Teilen zusammengesetzt.Concentrically around a core leg 11 are in the usual way from the inside to the outside successively an undervoltage winding 12, a high-voltage main winding 13 and one Step winding 14 with steps 1 to 10 arranged. The step winding 14 is composed of two electrically parallel parts which are arranged spatially symmetrically to a center input (1).

Die Stufen 1 bis 10 sind durch Kontaktarme 15 eines Wählers 16 anwählbar und je einer der Kontaktarme 15 ist durch einen unterbrechungslos schaltenden Lastschalter 17 mit dem Sternpunkt des Transformators verbunden. Der Mitteneingang und die Enden der Stufenwicklung 14 sind mit Festkontakten in einem Wender 18 verbunden, dessen beweglicher Kontakt am niederspannungsseitigen Ende der Oberspannungsstammwicklung 13 liegt. Durch entsprechende Ausführung des Wickelsinns der Oberspannungsstammwicklung 13 und in den beiden Teilen der Stufenwicklung 14 werden bei der gestrichelt dargestellten Schaltstellung des Wenders 18 die Spannungen der Wicklungen 13 und 14 addiert und bei der ausgezogen dargestellten Schaltstellung subtrahiert.Levels 1 to 10 can be selected by contact arms 15 of a selector 16 and one of the contact arms 15 is connected to the star point of the transformer by an uninterrupted switching load switch 17. The center input and the ends of the step winding 14 are connected to fixed contacts in a turner 18, the movable contact of which is at the low-voltage end of the high-voltage main winding 13. By appropriate design of the winding direction of the high-voltage main winding 13 and in the two parts of the step winding 14, the voltages of the windings 13 and 14 are added in the switching position of the inverter 18 shown in dashed lines and subtracted in the switching position shown in solid lines.

Erfindungsgemäß ist nun zwischen dem Mittenanschluß der Stufenwicklung 14 und dem Sternpunkt des Transformators ein Kondensator 19 geschaltet, der die kapazitiv übertragene Spannung stark vermindert. Dabei ist dem Kondensator 19 zur Dämpfung seiner Ladeströme und zur Verkleinerung des Gütefaktors ein Dämpfungswiderstand 20 vorgeschaltet.According to the invention, a capacitor 19 is now connected between the center connection of the step winding 14 and the star point of the transformer, which greatly reduces the capacitively transmitted voltage. In this case, a damping resistor 20 is connected upstream of the capacitor 19 in order to dampen its charging currents and to reduce the quality factor.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Anordnung, bei der der Kondensator in Teilkondensatoren 21 aufgeteilt ist. Die Verwendung einer Kondensatorbatterie aus Teilkondensatoren 21 ermöglicht darüber hinaus eine Herstellung derselben aus zweigängig ineinandergewickelten Spulen aus einem Bandleiter aus einer Widerstandslegierung. Damit ist eine Zusatzdämpfung der Stufenwicklung 14 möglich, ohne deren bei Betriebsfrequenz auftretende Verluste meßbar zu erhöhen.2 shows an arrangement in which the capacitor is divided into partial capacitors 21. The use of a capacitor bank made up of partial capacitors 21 also enables the production of the same from double-coiled coils from a strip conductor made of a resistance alloy. Additional damping of the step winding 14 is thus possible without measurably increasing the losses occurring at the operating frequency.

Claims (4)

1. A circuit arrangement for high-power transformers comprising a low-voltage main winding (12) a high-voltage main winding (13) and a step winding (14) connected in forward and reverse sense, with an RC-element for the step winding, and with a step switching device (15, 16, 17) on the star-point side, characterised in that
- a capacitor (19) is arranged in series with a resistor (20) arranged between the connection of the central tapping point (1) of the step winding (14) with the high-voltage main winding (13) and leading to the star-point of the transformer, to be electrically in parallel with those steps of the step winding (14) which conduct current in the reverse sense;
- the dimensioning of the capacitor (19) and the resistor (20) substantially reduce the resonance amplitude of the central tapping point (1) to earth; and
- the capacitor (19, 21) is constructed from spirally-wound strip conductors consisting of a resistive alloy which is dimensioned to contribute to the reduction of the resonance amplitudes of the central tapping point (1).
2. A circuit arrangement as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the capacitance of the step winding (14) is split into sub-capacitors (21) which are electrically in parallel with the individual steps (1, 10) and connected to one another in series.
3. A circuit arrangement as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that the capacitances of the sub-capacitors (21) are equal in value.
4. A circuit arrangement as claimed in Claim 2 or 3, characterised in that all those sub-capacitors (21) assigned to the same phase of a multi-phase transformer are combined in a separate column-like assembly separated from the step winding (14).
EP84112034A 1983-10-20 1984-10-08 Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers Expired EP0141296B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84112034T ATE29333T1 (en) 1983-10-20 1984-10-08 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR LARGE POWER TRANSFORMERS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833338149 DE3338149A1 (en) 1983-10-20 1983-10-20 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR LARGE POWER TRANSFORMERS
DE3338149 1983-10-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0141296A1 EP0141296A1 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0141296B1 true EP0141296B1 (en) 1987-09-02

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EP84112034A Expired EP0141296B1 (en) 1983-10-20 1984-10-08 Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US4678927A (en)
EP (1) EP0141296B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60107812A (en)
AT (1) ATE29333T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8405289A (en)
CA (1) CA1239189A (en)
DE (2) DE3338149A1 (en)

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DE3768736D1 (en) * 1986-07-30 1991-04-25 Siemens Ag CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR LARGE POWER TRANSFORMERS.
DE3908841A1 (en) * 1989-03-17 1990-09-20 Siemens Ag Arrangement for damping high-frequency oscillations of an electric voltage
US5798876A (en) * 1995-02-09 1998-08-25 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Lens barrel with peripheral parts of first and second lenses in contact
RU2112295C1 (en) * 1995-11-29 1998-05-27 Александров Георгий Николаевич Controlling shunt reactor (options)
DE19634824A1 (en) * 1996-08-28 1998-03-12 Siemens Ag Electrical machine
US5844791A (en) * 1997-06-30 1998-12-01 Mte Corporation Single-phase harmonic filter system
US6069413A (en) * 1998-10-26 2000-05-30 Herrick; Kennan C. Apparatus for generating an alternating magnetic field
DE10345659B4 (en) * 2003-09-25 2005-11-10 Siemens Ag Cast-resin transformer
CN102568789A (en) * 2012-03-28 2012-07-11 沈阳全密封变压器股份有限公司 Cylindrical coil structure for multi-stage capacity regulating transformer

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3465818D1 (en) 1987-10-08
US4678927A (en) 1987-07-07
CA1239189A (en) 1988-07-12
DE3338149A1 (en) 1985-05-02
EP0141296A1 (en) 1985-05-15
JPH0416005B2 (en) 1992-03-19
ATE29333T1 (en) 1987-09-15
BR8405289A (en) 1985-08-27
JPS60107812A (en) 1985-06-13

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