EP0257291B1 - Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0257291B1
EP0257291B1 EP87110408A EP87110408A EP0257291B1 EP 0257291 B1 EP0257291 B1 EP 0257291B1 EP 87110408 A EP87110408 A EP 87110408A EP 87110408 A EP87110408 A EP 87110408A EP 0257291 B1 EP0257291 B1 EP 0257291B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
winding
stage
stepped
parallel
voltage
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EP87110408A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0257291A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Dr. Stein
Walter Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Müller
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/343—Preventing or reducing surge voltages; oscillations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for large power transformers with an undervoltage, an overvoltage master and a step winding in connection and counter-connection as well as with a star-point-side step switching device, wherein a capacitor is provided in parallel with the step winding in series with a resistor, which together form an RC Represent link and by their dimensioning significantly reduce the resonance amplitudes of the connection point of the step winding to the high-voltage main winding against earth.
  • Windings of transformers have certain natural resonance frequencies. If the frequency matches, an oscillating switching voltage applied from the outside can excite these natural vibrations and lead to very high internal stresses for the insulation of the winding.
  • an oscillating switching voltage applied from the outside can excite these natural vibrations and lead to very high internal stresses for the insulation of the winding.
  • the vibrations with the natural frequency of the step winding can be particularly unpleasant. These voltage vibrations also influence the end of the main winding in certain positions of the tap changer, especially in counter-switching, and also lead to voltage increases here and thereby endanger the insulation.
  • n C the capacitive transmission ratio of the main / step winding
  • n T the inductive transmission ratio of the main / step winding (less than zero for counter-switching)
  • Q the quality at the natural frequency of the step winding
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing an arrangement for the harmless absorption of overvoltages on transformer windings originating from oscillating switching voltages and thereby further reducing the required space compared to that of the known solution.
  • this object is achieved in a circuit arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset in that the RC element comprising the capacitor and the resistor is only connected in parallel to a single stage of the multi-stage winding and that the transformer coupling of this stage to the other stages also leads to the these occurring resonance amplitudes are reduced.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention consist in that the RC element is connected in parallel with an odd number of stages to an electrically intermediate stage between the first and the last stage of the stage winding, or in that the RC element with an even number of stages is connected in parallel to a stage electrically located at the center of the stage winding.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention is very advantageous because it simultaneously ensures optimal protection of the step winding against oscillating switching impulse voltages with a minimal space requirement. Surprisingly, it has been shown that when using an appropriately dimensioned and quite space-consuming RC link with an improved effectiveness, the overall arrangement requires a reduced volume compared to the known arrangement.
  • An undervoltage winding 12, a high-voltage main winding 13 and a step winding 14 with taps 0 to 10 are arranged in a conventional manner, concentrically around a core leg 11, from the inside outwards.
  • the taps 0 to 10 can be selected by contact arms 15 of a selector 16 and one of the contact arms 15 is connected to the star point of the transformer by an uninterrupted switching load switch 17.
  • the ends of the step winding 14 are connected to fixed contacts in a turner 18, the movable contact of which lies at the low-voltage end of the high-voltage master winding 13.
  • the voltages of the windings 13 and 14 are added in the switching position of the inverter 18 shown in dashed lines and subtracted in the switching position shown in solid lines.
  • a capacitor 19 is now connected between the diversions or taps 5 and 6 of the step winding 14, which greatly reduces the capacitively transmitting voltage.
  • a damping resistor 20 is connected upstream of the capacitor 19 in order to dampen its charging currents and to reduce the quality factor.
  • the capacitor 19 and the damping resistor 20 together form an RC element.
  • the volume required jointly for the step winding and the RC element drops compared to an arrangement in which the entire step winding or each individual step of the step winding is connected to an RC element.

Abstract

High power transformers normally contain a low-voltage winding (12), a high-voltage main winding (13) and a tapped winding (14). If the tapped winding is operated in a subtractive and additive manner, when the transformer is excited with an oscillating switching voltage at the resonant frequency of the tapped winding (14), particularly when it is connected subtractively, high voltage amplitudes with respect to earth can occur along the tapped winding (14) at the end of the main winding (13). To reduce and damp-out such resonant frequency oscillations, in the case of known arrangements either each stage or the complete tapped winding (14) was connected in parallel with an R-C element (19, 20). According to the invention, it is now intended that only a single stage of the multi-stage tapped winding (14) is connected in parallel with an R-C element (19, 20), which R-C element also reduces the resonant amplitudes occurring in the other stages because of the transformer coupling between this stage and the other stages. The use of the circuit arrangement according to the invention is expedient in the case of large transformers. This is particularly true in all cases in which a multi- stage tapped winding (14) is provided connected additively and subtractively with respect to the high voltage main winding (13). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung für Leistungsgroßtransformatoren mit einer Unterspannungs-, einer Oberspannungsstamm- und einer Stufenwicklung in Zu- und Gegenschaltung sowie mit einer sternpunktseitigen Stufenschalteinrichtung, wobei elektrisch parallel zu der Stufenwicklung ein Kondensator in Reihe mit einem Widerstand vorgesehen ist, die zusammen ein R-C-Glied darstellen und durch ihre Dimensionierung die Resonanzamplituden des Anschlußpunktes der Stufenwicklung an die Oberspannungsstammwicklung gegen Erde erheblich vermindern.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for large power transformers with an undervoltage, an overvoltage master and a step winding in connection and counter-connection as well as with a star-point-side step switching device, wherein a capacitor is provided in parallel with the step winding in series with a resistor, which together form an RC Represent link and by their dimensioning significantly reduce the resonance amplitudes of the connection point of the step winding to the high-voltage main winding against earth.

Wicklungen von Transformatoren haben bestimmte Eigenresonanzfrequenzen. Eine von außen anliegende, schwingende Schaltspannung kann bei Übereinstimmung der Frequenz diese Eigenschwingungen anregen und zu sehr hohen inneren Spannungsbeanspruchungen für die Isolierung der Wicklung führen. Beim Aufbau von Oberspannungswicklungen aus einer Stammwicklung und einer zugehörigen Stufenwicklung in Zu- und Gegenschaltung können die Schwingungen mit der Eigenfrequenz der Stufenwicklung besonders unangenehm sein. Diese Spannungsschwingungen beeinflussen in bestimmten Stellungen des Stufenschalters, insbesondere in Gegenschaltung auch das Ende der Stammwicklung und führen auch hier zu Spannungsüberhöhungen und gefährden dadurch die Isolierung.Windings of transformers have certain natural resonance frequencies. If the frequency matches, an oscillating switching voltage applied from the outside can excite these natural vibrations and lead to very high internal stresses for the insulation of the winding. When building high-voltage windings from a main winding and an associated step winding in connection and counter-connection, the vibrations with the natural frequency of the step winding can be particularly unpleasant. These voltage vibrations also influence the end of the main winding in certain positions of the tap changer, especially in counter-switching, and also lead to voltage increases here and thereby endanger the insulation.

Das Verhältnis der Resonanzamplitude am Ende der Stammwicklung zur Schaltspannungsamplitude am Eingang errechnet sich aus

Figure imgb0001
Mit nCals kapazitivem Übersetzungsverhältnis Stamm-/Stufenwicklung, nT als induktivem Übersetzungsverhältnis Stamm-/Stufenwicklung (kleiner als Null bei Gegenschaltung) und Q als Güte bei der Eigenfrequenz der Stufenwicklung.The ratio of the resonance amplitude at the end of the main winding to the switching voltage amplitude at the input is calculated
Figure imgb0001
 With n C as the capacitive transmission ratio of the main / step winding, n T as the inductive transmission ratio of the main / step winding (less than zero for counter-switching) and Q as the quality at the natural frequency of the step winding.

Um die Resonanzamplituden an dieser Stelle zu reduzieren ist bereits vorgeschlagen worden, räumlich zwischen Stamm- und Stufenwicklung einen elektrostatischen Schirmzylinder anzuordnen, der an das Sternpunktpotential angelenkt wird und die beiden Wicklungen elektrisch voneinander entkoppelt, weil durch diese Maßnahme nC annähernd Null wird. Dieser Schirmzylinder ist jedoch technisch schwierig ausführbar und beansprucht darüberhinaus wertvollen Platz im Kernfenster des Transformators, so daß dieser durch die Schirmmaßnahme vergrößert und verteuert ist.In order to reduce the resonance amplitudes at this point, it has already been proposed to arrange an electrostatic shield cylinder spatially between the main and step windings, which is articulated to the star point potential and electrically decouples the two windings because this measure makes n C almost zero. However, this shield cylinder is technically difficult to carry out and moreover takes up valuable space in the core window of the transformer, so that this is enlarged and made more expensive by the shielding measure.

Durch die EP-A1-0 141 296 ist es auch schon bekannt, zur Spannungssteuerung an Wicklungen und Transformatoren der Stufenwicklung ein R-C-Glied elektrisch parallel zu schalten. Dadurch werden nicht nur die Resonanzamplituden abgesenkt, sondern dadurch werden auch auftretende Spannungsschwingungen gedämpft, weil sich gleichzeitig auch der Gütefaktor ändert. Durch die Beschaltung der gesamten Stufenwicklung mit einem R-C-Glied ist hierbei jedoch ein nicht unerheblicher Aufwand für die erforderliche Werkstoffmenge und für den zu dessen Unterbringung erforderlichen Raum im Transformatorkessel erforderlich.From EP-A1-0 141 296 it is also known to connect an RC element electrically in parallel for voltage control on windings and transformers of the step winding. This not only lowers the resonance amplitudes, it also dampens the voltage oscillations that occur because the quality factor also changes at the same time. By connecting the entire step winding with an RC element, however, this is a not inconsiderable effort for the required amount of material and for the space required to accommodate it in the transformer tank.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anordnung zur schadlosen Aufnahme von aus schwingenden Schaltspannungen herrührenden Überspannungen an Transformatorwicklungen zu schaffen und dabei den erforderlichen Raumbedarf gegenüber dem der bekannten Lösung weiter zu verringern.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing an arrangement for the harmless absorption of overvoltages on transformer windings originating from oscillating switching voltages and thereby further reducing the required space compared to that of the known solution.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe bei einer Schaltungsanordnung der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß das R-C-Glied aus dem Kondensator und dem Widerstand lediglich zu einer einzigen Stufe der vielstufigen Stufenwicklung parallelgeschaltet ist und daß über die transformatorische Kopplung dieser Stufe mit den übrigen Stufen auch die in diesen auftretenden Resonanzamplituden verkleinert sind.According to the invention, this object is achieved in a circuit arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset in that the RC element comprising the capacitor and the resistor is only connected in parallel to a single stage of the multi-stage winding and that the transformer coupling of this stage to the other stages also leads to the these occurring resonance amplitudes are reduced.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung bestehen darin, daß das R-C-Glied bei einer ungeradzahligen Anzahl von Stufen zu einer elektrisch in der Mitte zwischen der ersten und der letzten Stufe der Stufenwicklung liegenden Stufe parallelgeschaltet ist bzw. daß das R-C-Glied bei einer geradzahligen Anzahl von Stufen zu einer elektrisch an der Mitte der Stufenwicklung liegenden Stufe parallelgeschaltet ist.Advantageous embodiments of the invention consist in that the RC element is connected in parallel with an odd number of stages to an electrically intermediate stage between the first and the last stage of the stage winding, or in that the RC element with an even number of stages is connected in parallel to a stage electrically located at the center of the stage winding.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung ist sehr vorteilhaft, denn sie gewährleistet bei minimalem Raumbedarf gleichzeitig einen optimalen Schutz der Stufenwicklung gegenüber schwingenden Schaltstoßspannungen. Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, daß beim Einsatz eines entsprechend dimensionierten und für sich recht raumaufwendigen R-C-Gliedes bei einer verbesserten Wirksamkeit die Gesamtanordnung ein gegenüber der bekannten Anordnung verringertes Volumen erfordert.The circuit arrangement according to the invention is very advantageous because it simultaneously ensures optimal protection of the step winding against oscillating switching impulse voltages with a minimal space requirement. Surprisingly, it has been shown that when using an appropriately dimensioned and quite space-consuming RC link with an improved effectiveness, the overall arrangement requires a reduced volume compared to the known arrangement.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.

Konzentrisch um einen Kernschenkel 11 sind in üblicher Weise von innen nach außen aufeinanderfolgend eine Unterspannungswicklung 12, eine Oberspannungsstammwicklung 13 sowie eine Stufenwicklung 14 mit Anzapfungen 0 bis 10 angeordnet.An undervoltage winding 12, a high-voltage main winding 13 and a step winding 14 with taps 0 to 10 are arranged in a conventional manner, concentrically around a core leg 11, from the inside outwards.

Die Anzapfungen 0 bis 10 sind durch Kontaktarme 15 eines Wählers 16 anwählbar und je einer der Kontaktarme 15 ist durch einen unterbrechungslos schaltenden Lastschalter 17 mit dem Sternpunkt des Transformators verbunden. Die Enden der Stufenwicklung 14 sind mit Festkontakten in einem Wender 18 verbunden, dessen beweglicher Kontakt am niederspannungsseitigen Ende der Oberspannungsstammwicklung 13 liegt. Durch entsprechende Ausführung des Wickelsinns der Oberspannungsstammwicklung 13 und in der Stufenwicklung 14 werden bei der gestrichelt dargestellten Schaltstellung des Wenders 18 die Spannungen der Wicklungen 13 und 14 addiert und bei der ausgezogen dargestellten Schaltstellung subtrahiert.The taps 0 to 10 can be selected by contact arms 15 of a selector 16 and one of the contact arms 15 is connected to the star point of the transformer by an uninterrupted switching load switch 17. The ends of the step winding 14 are connected to fixed contacts in a turner 18, the movable contact of which lies at the low-voltage end of the high-voltage master winding 13. By appropriate design of the winding direction of the high-voltage main winding 13 and in the step winding 14, the voltages of the windings 13 and 14 are added in the switching position of the inverter 18 shown in dashed lines and subtracted in the switching position shown in solid lines.

Erfindungsgemäß ist nun zwischen den Ausleitungen oder Anzapfungen 5 und 6 der Stufenwicklung 14 ein Kondensator 19 geschaltet der die kapazitiv übertragende Spannung stark vermindert. Dabei ist dem Kondensator 19 zur Dämpfung seiner Ladeströme und zur Verkleinerung des Gütefaktors ein Dämpfungswiderstand 20 vorgeschaltet.According to the invention, a capacitor 19 is now connected between the diversions or taps 5 and 6 of the step winding 14, which greatly reduces the capacitively transmitting voltage. In this case, a damping resistor 20 is connected upstream of the capacitor 19 in order to dampen its charging currents and to reduce the quality factor.

Der Kondensator 19 und der Dämpfungswiderstand 20 bilden zusammen ein R-C-Glied. Durch Konzentration des erforderlichen Kondensatorvolumens auf eine einzige, vorzugsweise auf die zwischen den Anzapfungen 5 und 6 liegende Stufe ergibt sich zusammen mit einem geeignet bemessenen Dämpfungswiderstand 20 nicht nur eine starke Dämpfung der Wicklungseigenfrequenz, sondern auch eine Reduzierung der Überschwingfaktoren innerhalb der Stufenwicklung bei induzierter Blitzstoßspannung. Gleichzeitig sinkt überraschenderweise das für die Stufenwicklung und das R-C-Glied gemeinsam erforderliche Volumen gegenüber einer Anordnung in der die gesamte Stufenwicklung oder jede einzelne der Stufen der Stufenwicklung mit einem R-C-Glied beschaltet sind.The capacitor 19 and the damping resistor 20 together form an RC element. By concentrating the required capacitor volume on a single, preferably on the stage lying between the taps 5 and 6, together with a suitably dimensioned damping resistor 20, not only does a strong damping of the winding natural frequency result, but also a reduction in the overshoot factors within the step winding with induced lightning impulse voltage. At the same time, surprisingly, the volume required jointly for the step winding and the RC element drops compared to an arrangement in which the entire step winding or each individual step of the step winding is connected to an RC element.

Claims (3)

  1. A circuit arrangement for large power transformers with a low voltage winding (12), a high voltage main winding (13) and a stepped winding (14) in reversing connection, with a star-point-side stepped switch device (15,16,17), wherein electrically parallel to the stepped winding (14) there is provided a capacitor (19) in series with a resistor (20), which together represent an R-C-element and through their dimensioning the resonance amplitudes of the connecting point of the stepped winding (14) to the high voltage main winding (13), are considerably reduced relative to earth
    characterised in that
    - the R-C-element of the capacitor (19) and the resistor (20) is only connected in parallel to a single step of the multi-stepped stepped winding (14),
    - wherein by way of the transformative coupling of this step to the remaining steps the resonance amplitudes occurring in these are also reduced.
  2. A circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the R-C-element is connected in parallel to the step lying electrically in the centre between the first and the last step of the stepped winding (14), when there are an odd number of steps.
  3. A circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the R-C-element is connected in parallel to a step lying electrically at the centre between the first and the last step of the stepped winding (14), when there are an even number of steps.
EP87110408A 1986-07-30 1987-07-17 Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers Expired - Lifetime EP0257291B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87110408T ATE61886T1 (en) 1986-07-30 1987-07-17 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR LARGE POWER TRANSFORMERS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3625845 1986-07-30
DE3625845 1986-07-30

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EP0257291A1 EP0257291A1 (en) 1988-03-02
EP0257291B1 true EP0257291B1 (en) 1991-03-20

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EP87110408A Expired - Lifetime EP0257291B1 (en) 1986-07-30 1987-07-17 Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers

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EP (1) EP0257291B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE61886T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8703907A (en)
DE (1) DE3768736D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2020972B3 (en)
GR (1) GR3001869T3 (en)
PT (1) PT85439B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023056538A1 (en) * 2021-10-08 2023-04-13 Reson Energy Ltda Electric transformer with resonant primary and inductive secondary and method for manufacturing same

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU716573B2 (en) * 1995-06-28 2000-03-02 Swichtec Power Systems Limited Resonance tapped transformer
EP0763833B2 (en) † 1995-09-14 2012-12-05 Bombardier Transportation GmbH Transformer for an electrically driven vehicle
DE69739888D1 (en) * 1996-04-16 2010-07-08 Markov Gennadij Aleksandr TRANSFORMER
EP2549645A1 (en) * 2011-07-21 2013-01-23 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) Transformer filter arrangement
CN102945735A (en) * 2012-11-06 2013-02-27 保定天威集团有限公司 Pre-magnetizing transformer with voltage regulator and manufacture method thereof

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0141296A1 (en) * 1983-10-20 1985-05-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers

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US1658664A (en) * 1927-07-06 1928-02-07 Gen Electric Variable-ratio transformer
US1809895A (en) * 1928-10-08 1931-06-16 Frazer W Gay Protective system for transformers
CH275245A (en) * 1948-11-11 1951-05-15 Ceskoslovenske Z Tezkeho Stroj Vibration-free transformer.
FR2007394A1 (en) * 1968-04-05 1970-01-09 Licentia Gmbh
US3644786A (en) * 1970-08-26 1972-02-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrical windings
US3668511A (en) * 1971-02-16 1972-06-06 Mc Graw Edison Co Self energizing tap switch for electronic tap changer
DE2117422A1 (en) * 1971-04-08 1972-10-12 Schorch Gmbh Control transformer with surge voltage protected step winding

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0141296A1 (en) * 1983-10-20 1985-05-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023056538A1 (en) * 2021-10-08 2023-04-13 Reson Energy Ltda Electric transformer with resonant primary and inductive secondary and method for manufacturing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE61886T1 (en) 1991-04-15
ES2020972B3 (en) 1991-10-16
BR8703907A (en) 1988-04-05
EP0257291A1 (en) 1988-03-02
PT85439B (en) 1993-09-30
DE3768736D1 (en) 1991-04-25
GR3001869T3 (en) 1992-11-23
PT85439A (en) 1988-07-29

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