EP0141296A1 - Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0141296A1
EP0141296A1 EP84112034A EP84112034A EP0141296A1 EP 0141296 A1 EP0141296 A1 EP 0141296A1 EP 84112034 A EP84112034 A EP 84112034A EP 84112034 A EP84112034 A EP 84112034A EP 0141296 A1 EP0141296 A1 EP 0141296A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
circuit arrangement
step winding
capacitor
arrangement according
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Granted
Application number
EP84112034A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0141296B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Stein
Walter Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Müller
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Transformatoren Union AG
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Transformatoren Union AG
Siemens AG
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Priority to AT84112034T priority Critical patent/ATE29333T1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/343—Preventing or reducing surge voltages; oscillations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for large power transformers with an undervoltage, an overvoltage master and a step winding in connection and counter-connection, as well as with a star-point step switching device, the step winding consisting, for example, of two electrically parallel, middle y mmetric parts.
  • Windings of transformers have certain natural resonance frequencies.
  • a vibrating switching voltage applied from the outside can, if the frequency matches, excite these natural vibrations and lead to very high internal stresses for the insulation of the winding.
  • the vibrations with the natural frequency of the step winding can be particularly unpleasant.
  • These voltage vibrations also influence the end of the main winding in certain positions of the tap changer, especially in counter-switching, and also lead to voltage increases here and thereby endanger the insulation.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to create an arrangement for the harmless absorption of overvoltages originating from oscillating switching voltages through transformer windings, without requiring an enlargement of the transformer core window, and also to limit the remaining space requirements to the bare minimum.
  • this object is achieved for a circuit arrangement specified in the introduction in that between the connection of the step winding to the high-voltage main winding and the star point, i.e.
  • an RC element consisting of the series connection of an ohmic resistor and a capacitor coil, is parallel to the stages connected in counter-connection.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention is very advantageous because it ensures optimum protection of the step winding against oscillating switching impulse voltages.
  • additional damping is advantageously achieved without the winding losses being measurably increased at the operating frequency.
  • the step winding 14 is composed of two electrically parallel parts which are arranged spatially symmetrically to a center input (1).
  • Levels 1 to 10 can be selected by contact arms 15 of a selector 16 and one of the contact arms 15 is connected to the star point of the transformer by an uninterrupted switching load switch 17.
  • the center input and the ends of the step winding 14 are connected to fixed contacts in a turner 18, the movable contact of which is at the low-voltage end of the high-voltage main winding 13.
  • the voltages of the windings 13 and 14 are added in the switching position of the inverter 18 shown in dashed lines and subtracted in the switching position shown in solid lines.
  • a capacitor 19 is connected to the step winding 14 and the star point of the transformer, which greatly reduces the capacitively transmitted voltage.
  • a damping resistor 20 is connected upstream of the capacitor 19 in order to dampen its charging currents and to reduce the quality factor.
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement in which the capacitor is divided into partial capacitors 21.
  • the use of a capacitor bank made up of partial capacitors 21 also enables the production of the same from double-coiled coils from a strip conductor made of a resistance alloy. Additional damping of the step winding 14 is thus possible without measurably increasing the losses occurring at the operating frequency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Regulation Of General Use Transformers (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Leistungsgroßtransformatoren enthalten üblicherweise eine Unterspannungs- (12), eine Oberspannungsstamm- (13) sowie eine Stufenwicklung (14). Wird die Stufenwicklung in Zu- und Gegenschaltung betrieben, dann können be Anregung mit schwingender Schaltspannung mit Resonanzfrequenz der Stufenwicklung, insbesondere in Gegenschaltung hohe Spannungsamplituden längs der Stufenwicklung und am Ende der Stammwicklung gegen Erde auftreten. Erfindungsgemäß sollen diese Resonanzamplituden der Stufenwicklung (14) durch ein RC-Glied, das den stromführenden Stufen parallelgeschaltet sind, reduziert werden.Large power transformers usually contain an undervoltage (12), a high-voltage main (13) and a step winding (14). If the step winding is operated in connection and counter-connection, high voltage amplitudes along the step winding and at the end of the main winding against earth can occur when excited with an oscillating switching voltage with resonance frequency of the step winding. According to the invention, these resonance amplitudes of the step winding (14) are to be reduced by an RC element which is connected in parallel to the current-carrying steps.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung für Leistungsgroßtransformatoren mit einer Unterspannungs-, einer Oberspannungsstamm- und einer Stufenwicklung in Zu- und Gegenschaltung, sowie mit einer sternpunktseitigen Stufenschalteinrichtung, wobei die Stufenwicklung beispielsweise aus zwei elektrisch parallelen, mittensymmetrischen Teilen besteht.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for large power transformers with an undervoltage, an overvoltage master and a step winding in connection and counter-connection, as well as with a star-point step switching device, the step winding consisting, for example, of two electrically parallel, middle y mmetric parts.

Wicklungen von Transformatoren haben bestimmte Eigenresonanzfrequenzen. Eine von außen anliegende schwingende Schaltspannung kann bei Übereinstimmung der Frequenz diese Eigenschwingungen anregen und zu sehr hohen inneren Spannungsbeanspruchungen für die Isolierung der Wicklung führen. Beim Aufbau von Oberspannungswicklungen aus einer Stammwicklung und einer zugehörigen Stufenwicklung in Zu- und Gegenschaltung können die Schwingungen mit der Eigenfrequenz der Stufenwicklung besonders unangenehm sein. Diese Spannungsschwingungen beeinflussen in bestimmten Stellungen des Stufenschalters, insbesondere in Gegenschaltung, auch das Ende der Stammwicklung und führen auch hier zu Spannungs- überhöhungen und gefährden dadurch die Isolierung.Windings of transformers have certain natural resonance frequencies. A vibrating switching voltage applied from the outside can, if the frequency matches, excite these natural vibrations and lead to very high internal stresses for the insulation of the winding. When building high-voltage windings from a main winding and an associated step winding in connection and counter-connection, the vibrations with the natural frequency of the step winding can be particularly unpleasant. These voltage vibrations also influence the end of the main winding in certain positions of the tap changer, especially in counter-switching, and also lead to voltage increases here and thereby endanger the insulation.

Das Verhältnis der Resonanzamplitude am Ende der Stammwicklung zur Schaltspannungsamplitude am Eingang errechnet sich aus

Figure imgb0001

  • mit nc = kapazitives Übersetzungsverhältnis Stamm-/ Stufenwicklung
  • nT = induktives Übersetzungsverhältnis Stamm-/ Stufenwicklung (<O bei Gegenschaltung)
  • Q = Güte bei der Eigenfrequenz der Stufenwicklung.
The ratio of the resonance amplitude at the end of the main winding to the switching voltage amplitude at the input is calculated
Figure imgb0001
  • with n c = capacitive transmission ratio master / step winding
  • n T = inductive transmission ratio master / step winding (<O with counter connection)
  • Q = quality at the natural frequency of the step winding.

Um die Resonanzamplituden an dieser Stelle zu reduzieren, ist bereits vorgeschlagen worden, räumlich zwischen Stamm- und Stufenwicklung einen elektrostatischen Schirmzylinder anzuordnen, der an das Sternpunktpotential angelenkt wird und die beiden Wicklungen elektrisch voneinander entkoppelt (nc→o). Dieser Schirmzylinder ist jedoch technisch schwierig ausführbar und beansprucht darüber hinaus wertvollen Platz im Kernfenster des Transformators, so daß dieser durch die Schirmmaßnahme vergrößert und verteuert ist.In order to reduce the resonance amplitudes at this point, it has already been proposed to place an electrostatic shield cylinder spatially between the main and step winding, which is articulated to the star point potential and electrically decouples the two windings (n c → o). However, this shield cylinder is technically difficult to carry out and also takes up valuable space in the core window of the transformer, so that this is enlarged and made more expensive by the shielding measure.

Durch die DE-PS 23 28 375 ist es auch schon bekannt, zur Spannungssteuerung an Wicklungen und Transformatoren eine Kondensatorbatterie aus Einzelkondensatoren einzusetzen, wobei jedem zu steuernden Wicklungsabschnitt ein Einzelkondensator parallelgeschaltet ist. Bei Resonanzanregung einer derart kapazitiv beschalteten Stufenwicklung in Gegenschaltung werden zwar die Resonanzamplituden dadurch abgesenkt, daß die kapazitiv übertragene Spannung, d.h. ne, reduziert wird. Der Gütefaktor Q der Wicklung wird jedoch durch diese Beschaltung praktisch nicht beeinflußt.From DE-PS 23 28 375 it is also known to use a capacitor bank of individual capacitors for voltage control on windings and transformers, with each individual winding section being connected in parallel. With resonance excitation of a capacitively connected step winding in counter-connection, the resonance amplitudes are indeed reduced in that the capacitively transmitted voltage, ie n e , is reduced. However, the quality factor Q of the winding is practically not influenced by this circuit.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anordnung zur schadlosen Aufnahme von aus schwingenden Schaltspannungen herrührenden Überspannungen durch Transformatorwicklungen zu schaffen, ohne dabei eine Vergrößerung des Transformatorkernfensters zu erfordern, und auch den übrigen Raumbedarf auf das Notwendigste zu beschränken.The invention is therefore based on the object To create an arrangement for the harmless absorption of overvoltages originating from oscillating switching voltages through transformer windings, without requiring an enlargement of the transformer core window, and also to limit the remaining space requirements to the bare minimum.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe für eine eingangs angegebene Schaltungsanordnung dadurch gelöst, daß zwischen dem Anschluß der Stufenwicklung an die Oberspannungsstammwicklung und dem Sternpunkt, d.h. also parallel zu den jeweils in Gegenschaltung eingeschalteten Stufen ein RC-Glied, bestehend aus der Reihenschaltung eines ohmschen Widerstandes und einer Kondensatorspule, liegt.According to the invention, this object is achieved for a circuit arrangement specified in the introduction in that between the connection of the step winding to the high-voltage main winding and the star point, i.e. In other words, an RC element, consisting of the series connection of an ohmic resistor and a capacitor coil, is parallel to the stages connected in counter-connection.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen bestehen darin,

  • - daß Widerstand und Kapazität in einem einzigen Bauelement zusammengefaßt sind, indem die Kondensatorspulen aus Bandleitern aus einer Widerstandslegierung gewickelt sind und
  • - daß die Serienschaltung der einzelnen widerstandsbehafteten Kondensatorspulengruppen mittels Zwischenverbindungen an die Stufenanschlüsse der Stufenwicklung angeschlossen sind und dadurch auch die Eigenfrequenzen höherer Ordnungszahl der Stufenwicklung wirksam bedämpfen.
Further configurations consist of
  • - That resistance and capacitance are combined in a single component in that the capacitor coils are wound from strip conductors made of a resistance alloy and
  • - That the series connection of the individual resistive capacitor coil groups are connected by means of intermediate connections to the step connections of the step winding and thereby effectively dampen the natural frequencies of higher ordinal number of the step winding.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung ist sehr vorteilhaft, denn sie gewährleistet einen optimalen Schutz der Stufenwicklung gegenüber schwingenden Schaltstoßspannungen. Bei Resonanzanregung der Stufenwicklung wird in vorteilhafter Weise eine Zusatzdämpfung erreicht, ohne daß die Wicklungsverluste bei der Betriebsfrequenz meßbar erhöht werden.The circuit arrangement according to the invention is very advantageous because it ensures optimum protection of the step winding against oscillating switching impulse voltages. When the step winding is excited by resonance, additional damping is advantageously achieved without the winding losses being measurably increased at the operating frequency.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung mit einem einzigen Kondensator
  • Fig. 2 zeigt eine Schaltungsanordnung mit einem in Teilkondensatoren aufgeteilten Kondensator.
Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.
  • Fig. 1 shows a circuit arrangement according to the invention with a single capacitor
  • 2 shows a circuit arrangement with a capacitor divided into partial capacitors.

Einander entsprechende Bauteile sind in beiden Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding components are provided with the same reference symbols in both figures.

Konzentrisch um einen Kernschenkel 11 sind in üblicher Weise von innen nach außen aufeinanderfolgend eine Unterspannungswicklung 12, eine Oberspannungsstammwicklung 13, sowie eine Stufenwicklung 14 mit Stufen 1 bis 10 angeordnet. Die Stufenwicklung 14 ist aus zwei elektrisch parallelen, räumlich symmetrisch zu einem Mitteneingang(1) angeordneten Teilen zusammengesetzt.Concentrically around a core leg 11, a low-voltage winding 12, an over-voltage main winding 13 and a step winding 14 with steps 1 to 10 are successively arranged from the inside outwards. The step winding 14 is composed of two electrically parallel parts which are arranged spatially symmetrically to a center input (1).

Die Stufen 1 bis 10 sind durch Kontaktarme 15 eines Wählers 16 anwählbar und je einer der Kontaktarme 15 ist durch einen unterbrechungslos schaltenden Lastschalter 17 mit dem Sternpunkt des Transformators verbunden. Der Mitteneingang und die Enden der Stufenwicklung 14 sind mit Festkontakten in einem Wender 18 verbunden, dessen beweglicher Kontakt am niederspannungsseitigen Ende der Oberspannungsstammwicklung 13 liegt. Durch entsprechende Ausführung des Wickelsinns der Oberspannungsstammwicklung 13 und in den beiden Teilen der Stufenwicklung 14 werden bei der gestrichelt dargestellten Schaltstellung des Wenders 18 die Spannungen der Wicklungen 13 und 14 addiert und bei der ausgezogen dargestellten Schaltstellung subtrahiert.Levels 1 to 10 can be selected by contact arms 15 of a selector 16 and one of the contact arms 15 is connected to the star point of the transformer by an uninterrupted switching load switch 17. The center input and the ends of the step winding 14 are connected to fixed contacts in a turner 18, the movable contact of which is at the low-voltage end of the high-voltage main winding 13. By appropriate design of the winding direction of the high-voltage main winding 13 and in the two parts of the step winding 14, the voltages of the windings 13 and 14 are added in the switching position of the inverter 18 shown in dashed lines and subtracted in the switching position shown in solid lines.

Erfindungsgemäß ist nun zwischen dem Mittenanschluß der Stufenwicklung 14 und dem Sternpunkt des Transformators ein Kondensator 19 geschaltet, der die kapazitiv übertragene Spannung stark vermindert. Dabei ist dem Kondensator 19 zur Dämpfung seiner Ladeströme und zur Verkleinerung des Gütefaktors ein Dämpfungswiderstand 20 vorgeschaltet.According to the invention is now between the center connection a capacitor 19 is connected to the step winding 14 and the star point of the transformer, which greatly reduces the capacitively transmitted voltage. In this case, a damping resistor 20 is connected upstream of the capacitor 19 in order to dampen its charging currents and to reduce the quality factor.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Anordnung, bei der der Kondensator in Teilkondensatoren 21 aufgeteilt ist. Die Verwendung einer Kondensatorbatterie aus Teilkondensatoren 21 ermöglicht darüber hinaus eine Herstellung derselben aus zweigängig ineinandergewickelten Spulen aus einem Bandleiter aus einer Widerstandslegierung. Damit ist eine Zusatzdämpfung der Stufenwicklung 14 möglich, ohne deren bei Betriebsfrequenz auftretende Verluste meßbar zu erhöhen.2 shows an arrangement in which the capacitor is divided into partial capacitors 21. The use of a capacitor bank made up of partial capacitors 21 also enables the production of the same from double-coiled coils from a strip conductor made of a resistance alloy. Additional damping of the step winding 14 is thus possible without measurably increasing the losses occurring at the operating frequency.

Claims (4)

1. Schaltungsanordnung für Leistungsgroßtransformatoren mit einer Unterspannungs- (12), einer Oberspannungsstamm- (13) und einer Stufenwicklung (14) sowie mit einer sternpunktseitigen Stufenschalteinrichtung (15, 16, 17), dadurch gekennzeichnet, - daß zwischen dem Anschlußpunkt (1) der Stufenwicklung (14) an die Oberspannungsstammwicklung (13) und dem Sternpunkt des Transformators elektrisch parallel zu den jeweils stromführenden Stufen der Stufenwicklung (14) ein Kondensator (19) in Reihe mit einem Widerstand (20) vorgesehen ist, - daß der Kondensator (19) und der Widerstand (20) durch ihre Dimensionierung die Resonanzamplituden des Anschlußpunktes (1) gegen Erde erheblich vermindern und - daß der Kondensator (19 bzw. 21) aus spiralig aufgewickelten Bandleitern aus einer Widerstandslegierung aufgebaut ist, die durch ihre Dimensionierung ebenfalls zur Reduzierung der Resonanzamplituden des Anschlußpunktes (1) beiträgt. 1st Circuit arrangement for large-scale power transformers with an undervoltage (12), an overvoltage master (13) and a step winding (14) and with a star-point step switching device (15, 16, 17), characterized in that - That between the connection point (1) of the step winding (14) to the high-voltage main winding (13) and the star point of the transformer electrically parallel to the respective current-carrying stages of the step winding (14) a capacitor (19) in series with a resistor (20) is provided is - That the capacitor (19) and the resistor (20) significantly reduce the resonance amplitudes of the connection point (1) to earth by their dimensions and - That the capacitor (19 or 21) is constructed from spirally wound strip conductors made of a resistance alloy, which also contributes to the reduction of the resonance amplitudes of the connection point (1) by their dimensions. 2. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kondensator in den einzelnen Stufen (1 - 10) der Stufenwicklung (14) elektrisch parallel liegende Teilkondensatoren (21) zerlegt ist,die miteinander in Reihe geschaltet sind.2. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the capacitor in the individual stages (1 - 10) of the step winding (14) is divided into electrically located partial capacitors (21) which are connected in series with one another. 3. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kapazitäten der Teilkondensatoren (21) gleich groß sind.3. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the capacitances of the partial capacitors (21) are the same size. 4. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch .1, 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß alle derselben Phase eines Mehrphasentransformators zugeordneten Teilkondensatoren (21) in einer säulenförmigen, besonderen von der Stufenwicklung (14) getrennten Baugruppe zusammengefaßt sind.4. Circuit arrangement according to claim. 1, 3 and 4, characterized in that all the same phase of a multi-phase transformer associated sub-capacitors (21) are combined in a columnar, special of the step winding (14) separate assembly.
EP84112034A 1983-10-20 1984-10-08 Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers Expired EP0141296B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84112034T ATE29333T1 (en) 1983-10-20 1984-10-08 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR LARGE POWER TRANSFORMERS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3338149 1983-10-20
DE19833338149 DE3338149A1 (en) 1983-10-20 1983-10-20 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR LARGE POWER TRANSFORMERS

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0141296A1 true EP0141296A1 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0141296B1 EP0141296B1 (en) 1987-09-02

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EP84112034A Expired EP0141296B1 (en) 1983-10-20 1984-10-08 Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US4678927A (en)
EP (1) EP0141296B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60107812A (en)
AT (1) ATE29333T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8405289A (en)
CA (1) CA1239189A (en)
DE (2) DE3338149A1 (en)

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EP0257291B1 (en) * 1986-07-30 1991-03-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for the wiring of high power transformers
DE10345659A1 (en) * 2003-09-25 2005-04-28 Siemens Ag Cast-resin transformer

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DE10345659A1 (en) * 2003-09-25 2005-04-28 Siemens Ag Cast-resin transformer
DE10345659B4 (en) * 2003-09-25 2005-11-10 Siemens Ag Cast-resin transformer

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JPH0416005B2 (en) 1992-03-19
US4678927A (en) 1987-07-07
JPS60107812A (en) 1985-06-13
ATE29333T1 (en) 1987-09-15
CA1239189A (en) 1988-07-12
DE3338149A1 (en) 1985-05-02
DE3465818D1 (en) 1987-10-08
EP0141296B1 (en) 1987-09-02
BR8405289A (en) 1985-08-27

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