EP0131312A2 - Protection contre les crues - Google Patents

Protection contre les crues Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0131312A2
EP0131312A2 EP84108118A EP84108118A EP0131312A2 EP 0131312 A2 EP0131312 A2 EP 0131312A2 EP 84108118 A EP84108118 A EP 84108118A EP 84108118 A EP84108118 A EP 84108118A EP 0131312 A2 EP0131312 A2 EP 0131312A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flood protection
protection according
water
polymer
unswollen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84108118A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0131312B1 (fr
EP0131312A3 (en
Inventor
Hasso von Blücher
Ernest Dr. De Ruiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT84108118T priority Critical patent/ATE32613T1/de
Publication of EP0131312A2 publication Critical patent/EP0131312A2/fr
Publication of EP0131312A3 publication Critical patent/EP0131312A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0131312B1 publication Critical patent/EP0131312B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
    • E02B3/106—Temporary dykes
    • E02B3/108—Temporary dykes with a filling, e.g. filled by water or sand
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/103—Dams, e.g. for ventilation
    • E21F17/107—Dams, e.g. for ventilation inflatable

Definitions

  • Sandbags have been used for a long time to build protective dams against flooding, to quickly seal ingress of water, to lock doors and windows against ingress of water and to raise protective walls threatened by flooding.
  • Advantages of the sandbag are its stability due to its high weight and the ability to adapt to unevenness.
  • the disadvantage is that larger quantities can hardly be stored or transported, so that if necessary, the bags are only filled on the spot and time may be lacking.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a system which has the advantages of the sandbag but does not have its disadvantages and which enables the erection of protective dams against water without a complex filling.
  • a flood protection which is characterized in that a shell contains a water-insoluble, water-swelling polymer in a form in which at least one dimension is small enough to ensure rapid water absorption and the permeability of the The shell allows the water to penetrate quickly, but prevents the unswollen polymer from falling out.
  • the polymers which swell strongly in water are known. It may be natural swelling as various - dene gums (... S Römpp Chemie-Lexikon 8th ed keyword rubber, Vol 2, S.1558 / 1559) act, provided by known per se networking of these polysaccharides is ensured that they swell but do not go into colloidal solutions. Under this condition, alginates, pectins and gelatin are also suitable for the purposes of the invention.
  • swelling agents which are usually homopolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid or copolymers with one or more ethylenically unsaturated comonomers.
  • the carboxyl groups of these crosslinked polymers can also be present in the monovalent salt form, in particular as alkali salts.
  • Such water-insoluble, strongly swelling polymers are described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 3,983,095, 3,954,721, 4,017,653 and 4,018,951.
  • super absorbent polymers or so-called super absorbers. This applies in particular to the copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid with acrylamide, methacrylamide and acrylonitrile, as described in DE-PS 27 06 135 and commercially available as FAVOR ® polymers.
  • the latter contain the water-insoluble swelling agents in a mixture or in combination with active silica, the weight ratio of unswollen polymer to active silica being 2 to 10.
  • the active silicas are products which are known in particular as fillers or absorbers, such as the silica xerogels with BET surface areas above 30 m 2 / g, generally several 100 m 2 / g, or those obtained by flame hydrolytic cleavage of silicon tetrachloride active silica with BET surface areas of 50 to 450 m 2 / g (Aerosil).
  • the active silicas there are also active silicates precipitated from water glass and the corresponding metal salts and possibly mineral acids, in particular calcium, magnesium or aluminum with BET surface areas above 30 m 2 / g in the form of their xerogels for the purposes of the invention in combination with the highly absorbent ones Polymers can be used.
  • highly absorbent polymers which are well suited for the purposes of the invention are also crosslinked polyethylene and / or polypropylene oxides.
  • the unswollen polymer is present in the shell in the form of fibers, thin ribbons, shredded foils or particles larger than 50 ⁇ m.
  • the grain size and the grain size distribution have a considerable influence on the kinetics of the swelling process.
  • the swelling agent to be used according to the invention is in the form of a powder which is too fine, there is also the risk that the particles will trickle through the shell if it has holes, pores or mesh size as is necessary for effective water permeability. For these reasons, at least one dimension of the swelling agent should also be small enough to ensure rapid water absorption.
  • the unswollen polymer when in the form of small granules, they are preferably about 200 to 500 ⁇ m in size.
  • the "super absorbers” can also be in the form of agglomerated grains as spheres, tablets or chunks of about 2 to 10 mm in diameter, which fall apart on contact with water.
  • the amount required for a filling can be filled into water-soluble packaging, which makes it much easier to insert the absorbers into the sacks.
  • the water-swelling polymers to be used according to the invention can also be used as fibers, in the form of tapes or shredded foils. Fibers or tapes of this material can be shaped into mats, scrims or nonwovens, which can simply be pushed into the cover and then ensure even distribution in two dimensions of the cover.
  • the filling quantity depends on the swelling capacity, e.g. can reach up to 500 times the volume of the unswollen polymer in the case of the highly absorbent polymer. It must be dimensioned so that the casing is filled to the brim when the superabsorbent is almost completely swollen. Therefore, the unswollen polymer usually fills 0.2 to 10% of the possible inner volume of the shell. As a rule, 1 to 5% of the available volume is sufficient.
  • the shell must meet the requirement that it is water-permeable to the extent that it allows water to penetrate quickly, but prevents the still unswollen polymer from falling out.
  • the envelope expediently has the shape of a sack or a tube which is closed at the ends.
  • the volume of the bags is approximately 20 to 50 liters and a diameter of 20 to 100 cm is recommended for the hoses.
  • the cover usually consists of a textile fabric, e.g. Fabric made of a material that is still very strong when wet. Therefore, the sacks or tubes are preferably made of a synthetic fiber material, e.g. Polyester, manufactured.
  • the fabric setting is selected so that water can penetrate but that e.g. the finely divided swelling agent cannot trickle through the tissue.
  • the flood protection according to the invention has an extremely small space requirement during storage.
  • the filling material namely water
  • the filling material is always present and the filling is done without any effort. You can almost speak of an automatic system if you lay out dry hoses that fill up when the water comes.
  • flood protection requires water to be effective, the bags filled with the swollen polymeric gel are "watertight" in the sense that they prevent further water from passing through.
  • the flood protection according to the invention is advantageously designed so that it can be used repeatedly.
  • the swollen absorbers can also release the stored water into the air again, air drying of the filled sack would theoretically be possible, but would take too much time in most cases. In most cases, it would also be too expensive to transport the bags filled with the gel to a drying facility. It is therefore easiest to empty the bags after each use, to dry them, to re-equip them with the swelling agent and to store them. This means that they are ready for use again in an emergency.
  • the casings have at least one closable opening. Refilling the bags is made much easier if the required amount of the unswollen polymer is in a prefabricated, easily fillable form, as described above for the fine-grained products in water-soluble bags or scrims and nonwovens made from fibers or tapes of the super absorber .
  • the necessary amount of the swelling agent can also be accommodated directly in a relatively thin, water-permeable casing, for example a fleece, a light fabric or a perforated film, which is provided as an insert for an outer protective casing made of a coarse, resistant fabric that is suitable for the required mechanical Strength of flood protection ensures.
  • the inner shell containing the superabsorber must have sufficient dimensions so that the coarse outer sack or hose is filled to the full with the swollen polymer, if necessary.
  • the protective wall should be provided high enough to ensure the necessary stability due to its weight, but also anchoring in Soil can contribute.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
EP84108118A 1983-07-12 1984-07-11 Protection contre les crues Expired EP0131312B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84108118T ATE32613T1 (de) 1983-07-12 1984-07-11 Hochwasserschutz.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3325067 1983-07-12
DE19833325067 DE3325067A1 (de) 1983-07-12 1983-07-12 Hochwasserschutz

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0131312A2 true EP0131312A2 (fr) 1985-01-16
EP0131312A3 EP0131312A3 (en) 1985-11-21
EP0131312B1 EP0131312B1 (fr) 1988-02-24

Family

ID=6203752

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84108118A Expired EP0131312B1 (fr) 1983-07-12 1984-07-11 Protection contre les crues

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0131312B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE32613T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU583488B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3325067A1 (fr)
IN (1) IN164441B (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2637649A1 (fr) * 1988-10-07 1990-04-13 Snf Sa Dispositif pour obturer un couloir, tel qu'une galerie de mines
DE4105930A1 (de) * 1991-02-26 1992-08-27 Huesker Synthetic Gmbh & Co Grossvolumiger sack zum auf- und abbau von schutzwaellen
US5278206A (en) * 1989-02-16 1994-01-11 Cassella Aktiengesellschaft Binder for liquids
WO2001047629A2 (fr) 1999-12-23 2001-07-05 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif assurant une protection contre les effets de l'eau
DE10057120A1 (de) * 2000-11-16 2002-05-23 Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh Überschwemmungsschutzsystem
EP1764445A1 (fr) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-21 Unichem S.r.l. Dispositif d'expansion pour contenir le débordement d'eau
EP1947247A2 (fr) * 2007-01-19 2008-07-23 Environmental Defence Systems Limited Système de défense
GB2509732A (en) * 2013-01-11 2014-07-16 Steven Jacobs Expandable containers for placing in or around building openings to prevent flooding

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005028543B4 (de) * 2005-06-17 2011-07-07 Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V., 09125 Selbstdichtende Wassersperre
CA2960628A1 (fr) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-17 Prestone Products Corporation Compositions de pastilles, trousses, et procedes pour etancher des fuites

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2130797A5 (en) * 1971-02-17 1972-11-10 Erosion Control Inc Embankment sand sacks - designed (in plastic sheet) to allow filling in situ
FR2217360A1 (fr) * 1973-02-12 1974-09-06 Dow Chemical Co
FR2393111A1 (fr) * 1977-06-03 1978-12-29 Soc Textiles Ind Cite Stic Epi, jetee ou autre ouvrage maritime ou fluvial et son procede de construction
FR2477194A1 (fr) * 1980-02-29 1981-09-04 Porraz Mauricio Elements modulaires pour constructions d'ouvrages hydrauliques et subaquatiques et leurs moyens d'assemblage

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3124934A (en) * 1964-03-17 Method of reducing seepage from
FR968829A (fr) * 1948-07-02 1950-12-06 Nouvel élément de construction. procédé pour sa mise en oeuvre, et ouvrages ainsi construits
CH489638A (de) * 1968-02-29 1970-04-30 Geiser Ag Tenta Werke Doppelgewebe zur Herstellung von gefüllten Bauelementen und Verwendung desselben zur Herstellung von mattenförmigen gefüllten Bauelementen, welche den Durchtritt von Luft und Feuchtigkeit zulassen
FR2182304A5 (fr) * 1972-04-24 1973-12-07 Rhone Poulenc Textile
US3953975A (en) * 1975-02-12 1976-05-04 Nalco Chemical Company Prevention of subsurface seepage by acrylic acid polymers
US4184788A (en) * 1976-10-18 1980-01-22 Raymond International, Inc. Form for erosion control structures
GB2061348A (en) * 1979-08-29 1981-05-13 Gypsum Ind Ltd Method of building using bags of water settable material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2130797A5 (en) * 1971-02-17 1972-11-10 Erosion Control Inc Embankment sand sacks - designed (in plastic sheet) to allow filling in situ
FR2217360A1 (fr) * 1973-02-12 1974-09-06 Dow Chemical Co
FR2393111A1 (fr) * 1977-06-03 1978-12-29 Soc Textiles Ind Cite Stic Epi, jetee ou autre ouvrage maritime ou fluvial et son procede de construction
FR2477194A1 (fr) * 1980-02-29 1981-09-04 Porraz Mauricio Elements modulaires pour constructions d'ouvrages hydrauliques et subaquatiques et leurs moyens d'assemblage

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2637649A1 (fr) * 1988-10-07 1990-04-13 Snf Sa Dispositif pour obturer un couloir, tel qu'une galerie de mines
US5278206A (en) * 1989-02-16 1994-01-11 Cassella Aktiengesellschaft Binder for liquids
DE4105930A1 (de) * 1991-02-26 1992-08-27 Huesker Synthetic Gmbh & Co Grossvolumiger sack zum auf- und abbau von schutzwaellen
WO2001047629A2 (fr) 1999-12-23 2001-07-05 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif assurant une protection contre les effets de l'eau
WO2001047629A3 (fr) * 1999-12-23 2001-12-06 Basf Ag Dispositif assurant une protection contre les effets de l'eau
DE10057120A1 (de) * 2000-11-16 2002-05-23 Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh Überschwemmungsschutzsystem
WO2002040817A2 (fr) 2000-11-16 2002-05-23 Stockhausen Gmbh & Co. Kg Système de protection contre les inondations
WO2002040817A3 (fr) * 2000-11-16 2002-11-07 Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh Système de protection contre les inondations
EP1764445A1 (fr) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-21 Unichem S.r.l. Dispositif d'expansion pour contenir le débordement d'eau
EP1947247A2 (fr) * 2007-01-19 2008-07-23 Environmental Defence Systems Limited Système de défense
GB2509732A (en) * 2013-01-11 2014-07-16 Steven Jacobs Expandable containers for placing in or around building openings to prevent flooding
GB2509732B (en) * 2013-01-11 2017-08-30 Jacobs Steven Apparatus and method to seal against undesired fluid flow, activated by liquid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN164441B (fr) 1989-03-18
AU3752085A (en) 1986-07-17
AU583488B2 (en) 1989-05-04
DE3325067A1 (de) 1985-01-24
EP0131312B1 (fr) 1988-02-24
DE3469446D1 (en) 1988-03-31
ATE32613T1 (de) 1988-03-15
EP0131312A3 (en) 1985-11-21

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