EP0130179A1 - Procede et installation pour la surveillance de processus - Google Patents

Procede et installation pour la surveillance de processus

Info

Publication number
EP0130179A1
EP0130179A1 EP19830900035 EP83900035A EP0130179A1 EP 0130179 A1 EP0130179 A1 EP 0130179A1 EP 19830900035 EP19830900035 EP 19830900035 EP 83900035 A EP83900035 A EP 83900035A EP 0130179 A1 EP0130179 A1 EP 0130179A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
machine
computer
processes
input
monitoring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19830900035
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rolf Kölblin
Heinrich Jungkunz
Detlef Senger
Klaus-Dieter Marrack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DST DIGITALE STEUERUNGSSYSTEME GmbH
Original Assignee
DST DIGITALE STEUERUNGSSYSTEME GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DST DIGITALE STEUERUNGSSYSTEME GmbH filed Critical DST DIGITALE STEUERUNGSSYSTEME GmbH
Publication of EP0130179A1 publication Critical patent/EP0130179A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
    • G05B19/4063—Monitoring general control system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring processes with simultaneous, successive and / or overlapping processes using a computer, in particular a digital microcomputer.
  • characteristic process variables such as pressure, temperature or the like are measured and used to monitor the process.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and a device of the type mentioned, in which important times for the process are used for monitoring or diagnosis.
  • a method provides that the switching or interval times of a control device of the process are recorded, automatically stored and compared with target times, that the target times are based on specifications and / or taking into account the process recorded changes in time in the learning process (teach-in) are determined and stored in the computer, that after each process interruption, the target times are determined and stored again in the learning process, taking into account the new starting situation of the process, and that the process is initially, for some
  • Process cycles are operated exclusively during a learning phase based on a specified sample process and, at the same time as or before the end of the learning phase, a switch is made to monitoring mode.
  • the target times are preferably determined from a number of sample processes according to a statistical algorithm.
  • a device for performing the method according to the invention is characterized in that a digital micro process computer is connected via digital data input channels for timing signals and a digital data output channel to a control device of at least one machine to be monitored and that at least one input / output unit is connected to the computer connected.
  • the input / output unit advantageously has a control unit and connected to it a printer for printing out deviations from the target times and a keyboard
  • the control device can be controlled via a separate display and operating panel, which is expediently arranged directly on the machine or machines to be monitored, so that the operator in his vicinity finds all the information necessary for assessing the functional state of his machine.
  • the method and the device according to the invention allow for the first time a time diagnosis with statements about errors, disturbances and trends of the process to be monitored. /
  • OM '' Monitor times by continuously comparing the times mentioned with the specified setpoints during ongoing operation. Time deviations that exceed specified deviations are logged and displayed. In the event of a fault, reactions can be initiated automatically, e.g. B. certain machine functions can be switched off.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an input / output unit in a device according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows an implemented front plate of the input / output unit according to FIG. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram for explaining the function of the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a descriptive illustration of the device according to FIG. 1 as a subsystem when used for monitoring several machines
  • FIG. 6 shows a clear illustration of an overall system with several subsystems according to FIG. 5, an alternative being indicated by dashed lines.
  • a microcomputer 3 is connected to a ring bus 1 via a bus coupler 2, the microprocessor known, not shown, namely a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a C-MOS RAM and a clock with calendar contains.
  • computers 3 can be connected to the ring bus 1, so that numerous machines (e.g. eight machines per computer, see FIG. 5) can be monitored in a large production hall, and the data provided by the computers can be compared or otherwise evaluated .
  • numerous machines e.g. eight machines per computer, see FIG. 5
  • FIG. 5 Several such computers 3 can be connected to the ring bus 1, so that numerous machines (e.g. eight machines per computer, see FIG. 5) can be monitored in a large production hall, and the data provided by the computers can be compared or otherwise evaluated .
  • machines e.g. eight machines per computer, see FIG. 5
  • Computer 3 can also be connected in a star configuration to a central data processing system.
  • the computer is connected to one (or more) machines to be monitored via a modular system of interface modules 4 to 8.
  • 4 and 5 indicate two interfaces each for 16 analog input channels, via which measured values for non-time process variables such as pressures, temperatures o the like.
  • the "machine to be monitored in the computer are fed one.
  • the reference numerals 6 and 7 denote interfaces for 32 digital input channels each, via which time measurement signals such as switching or cycle times of the machine to be monitored or a control device therefor are fed into the computer 3 ⁇ .
  • the processed signals are positive or negative switching edges of digital pulses.
  • OMPI must, so that they can be processed in the digital microcomputer 3, while such a conversion is not necessary for the digitally arriving timing signals to the interfaces 6 and 7.
  • the reference numeral 8 denotes an interface for 8 digital output channels, via which the computer can automatically act on the machine to be monitored or its control device, for example can switch off certain functions or the entire machine.
  • An input / output unit 9 is connected to the computer 3 via serial data channels 10, 11, via which data can be successively transferred from and to the computer.
  • the input / output unit 9 comprises an input / output control device 12 to which the following components are connected:
  • a status indicator 13 which indicates faults or irregularities on the machine to be monitored, for example by means of lamps;
  • printer 14 which records time deviations from the setpoints preprogrammed in the computer
  • an alpha-numerical display 15 for displaying entered and recorded values; ⁇ .
  • a function keypad 17 for manual input and retrieval of machine data not automatically transmitted to the computer
  • WIPO a numeric keyboard 18 for keying in digits, for example for time setting, channel polling or the like.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the chronological sequence of machine cycles when the setpoint is specified using the described device.
  • t means: time
  • X s setpoint (calculated in computer 3)
  • uD lower drift value limit (relative)
  • uS lower Sporitan value limit (relative)
  • oA upper absolute limit
  • uA lower absolute limit
  • target times are first formed as follows in the learning process ("teach-in method"): at the start, the times for work steps to be monitored are measured over several machine cycles, and target values and permissible deviations, which are initially, from the mean values and scatter are specified, calculated. After a certain number of machine cycles, e.g. B. three, is automatically switched to monitoring mode ("diagnosis"), the work in the learning process over a number of machine cycles, eg. B. six, preferably is continued.
  • the target times determined in this way or also specified during installation of the system are continuously compared with the measured times. Time deviations that go beyond predefined deviations are output via the printer 14 and are therefore available as a log.
  • the log essentially contains the following parameters:
  • the maximum of 256 input signal lines that can be connected in the largest standard device configuration can be used multiple times according to the definition when entering and dividing the channels. A signal input can thus be used simultaneously for the counting, measuring, testing and monitoring process. It is "possible, for example, to r the first flank of the machine tool
  • OMP ⁇ __ the cycle time, the statement about the tool state in comparison to the "optimal" or set-up state, the monitoring of the correct functioning of guides, switches, switching valves, sensors or the like, which are involved in the movement time sequence, the determination of inadmissible machining allowances for the workpieces, the monitoring of the material differences in different workpiece batches.
  • the time measurement values are recorded during the "teach-in" phase, the device automatically determining the corresponding upper and lower limits from these time measurement values
  • the monitoring mode is usually started when the system is released by the installer as working properly and begins to produce in automatic mode.
  • the device puts a "tie" on each state defined for the diagnosis (cf. FIG. 4), the limit values formed from the first 16 machine cycles, based on the mean value, the last 8 Measurements are carried out.
  • the range of the permissible percentage error is selectable. However, this is only defined once in the input definition and is retained each time the diagnosis is started again, unless it is changed again by manual input.
  • the device also offers Possibility to specify limit values manually. These then have priority over the limit values determined automatically by the device.
  • the automatic monitoring of temporal limit values of a movement or function offers the possibility of preventive diagnosis. Irregularities can thus be detected, observed and examined early on by the device during the operation of a system. This makes it possible in many cases to intervene before the machine fails completely. This means that longer periods of downtime or even consequential damage can be avoided, which means a corresponding loss of production.
  • the advantage of diagnosis using cycle time analysis is above all the possibility of early detection of an occurring error and the possibility of intervention before a real failure.
  • the detected misconduct with the corresponding output on the printer does not immediately determine the faulty part, but "circles" the fault.
  • the monitored time channel contains malfunctions of various components, which can play a role with regard to the recorded time interval, e.g. B. Malfunction of a control valve, falling oil pressure, faulty accumulator, falling supply pressure, feeding of the guide due to insufficient lubrication, irregularities of proximity switches due to moisture, tool wear, etc.
  • the computer 3 can automatically initiate reactions and output them to the machine via the interface 8. For example, the entire machine can be switched off.
  • the device supplies machine data according to VDI regulation 3423 or generally BDE data for utilization evidence and failure statistics on demand by pressing the corresponding function key from the keypad 17 or at predetermined time intervals.
  • the operation of the device does not require any special knowledge because each function key of the keypad 17 is assigned a desired function specified above the key.
  • the device After the start of the monitoring operation ("diagnosis"), the device runs automatically in the respective state and
  • Q PI reports itself automatically in the event of deviations or at times when the operator has to carry out work such as tool change or maintenance.
  • the output of diagnostic or machine data is triggered by pressing the corresponding function key from the keypad 17. Entries are shown in the display 15 and can be corrected before they are entered into the computer.
  • the device described can be used advantageously for all processes or workflows in machines in which digital pulses are used for control, such as in machine tools, handling and assembly machines, transfer lines, test and test stands and the like. like.
  • FIG. 5 An example of the monitoring or diagnosis of eight machines M1 to M8 by means of a device according to FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the same reference numerals are used in FIG. 5 for the same components as in FIG. 1. These components and their interconnection are not described again.
  • the input / output unit 9 is arranged separately from the computer 3 in the example in FIG. an additional desk housing in the master cabin.
  • the maximum distance between the computer 3 arranged in the vicinity of the connected machines M1 to M8 and the input / output unit 9 should not be more than 100 m.
  • An additional printer 23 is provided in order to convey the malfunctions that have occurred to the operating personnel in the area of the machine.
  • An operating panel 21 with input buttons for identifying a fault and a fault display is provided on each machine.
  • the control panel 21 is connected to the computer.
  • FIG. 6 shows an overall system in which a plurality of computers 3 1 to 3 are connected via a bus line 1 (dashed line) or in a star shape to an intermediate computer 25 for data concentration and storage.
  • This intermediate computer has conventional input and output devices such as tape 26, floppy disc 27 and printer 28.
  • the intermediate computer is connected to a computer system 29 via V-24 interfaces.
  • screen terminals 30- ⁇ 30 can be connected to the intermediate computer, so that access to machine and production data at different locations y. becomes possible, e.g. B. in the master's office, in the maintenance office, in the production planning office, in the personal service accounting office etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Testing And Monitoring For Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Afin d'effectuer la surveillance de processus, respectivement de machines commandées en temps réel, par exemple des machines-outils, on mesure les temps de fonctionnement, respectivement les intervalles caractéristiques du processus, respectivement des phases de travail de la machine, on les stocke automatiquement dans un processeur et on les compare avec des temps-seuils, ces derniers étant programmés dans un procédé d'apprentissage du processeur. En cas d'écarts de temps inadmissibles, le processeur peut intervenir directement dans le processus, par exemple pour déconnecter certaines fonctions, voire la machine entière. Une installation conçue pour exécuter ce procédé comprend un microprocesseur (3) qui est relié à la machine en question, respectivement à son dispositif de commande par des canaux d'entrée de données (6, 7) pour signaux de chronométrage et qui peut agir sur la machine grâce à un canal de sortie (8). D'autres données caractéristiques du processus, comme la pression, la température, etc, peuvent être introduites dans le processeur et prises en considération une fois transformées en valeurs numériques. Grâce à une unité d'entrée-sortie (9), il est possible d'enregistrer les écarts de temps inadmissibles entre les signaux de chronométrage et les temps-séuils, d'afficher les états instantanés du déroulement du processus et d'introduire les données à la main.
EP19830900035 1982-12-23 1982-12-23 Procede et installation pour la surveillance de processus Withdrawn EP0130179A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP1982/000274 WO1984002592A1 (fr) 1982-12-23 1982-12-23 Procede et installation pour la surveillance de processus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0130179A1 true EP0130179A1 (fr) 1985-01-09

Family

ID=8164869

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19830900035 Withdrawn EP0130179A1 (fr) 1982-12-23 1982-12-23 Procede et installation pour la surveillance de processus

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0130179A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1984002592A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH681077A5 (fr) * 1988-10-25 1993-01-15 Zellweger Uster Ag
DE69119327T2 (de) * 1990-08-31 1997-01-09 Mazda Motor Diagnoseverfahren für eine Fertigungsstrasse
DE19818181A1 (de) 1998-04-23 1999-10-28 Heidenhain Gmbh Dr Johannes Verfahren und Anordnung zur Auswahl von zu überwachenden Sicherheitsparametern
FI108678B (fi) 1998-06-17 2002-02-28 Neles Controls Oy Kenttälaitteiden hallintajärjestelmä
DE10161307A1 (de) * 2001-12-13 2003-07-03 Infineon Technologies Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Analysieren eines wiederholt auftretenden Prozesses und Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Evaluieren einer Mehrzahl von Prozeßvorrichtungen gleichen Typs sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbessern der Leistungsfähigkeit einer Prozeßvorrichtung
EP1724651A1 (fr) * 2005-05-13 2006-11-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Diagnostic préventif des composants d'automatisation
DE102007039020B4 (de) * 2007-08-17 2019-10-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung und/oder Optimierung von Prozessabläufen einer Steuerung einer Maschine
DE102015206313A1 (de) * 2015-04-09 2016-10-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur regelbasierten Maschinenanbindung

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US3138750A (en) * 1959-11-17 1964-06-23 Honeywell Regulator Co Programmed machine with malfunction detection and control apparatus
US3668653A (en) * 1968-10-22 1972-06-06 Sundstrad Corp Control system
JPS49109783A (fr) * 1973-02-21 1974-10-18
US4180860A (en) * 1977-06-21 1979-12-25 The Foxboro Company Display station having universal module for interface with different single loop controllers
US4104724A (en) * 1977-06-27 1978-08-01 Square D Company Digital welder control system
GB2052801B (en) * 1979-06-05 1983-06-02 Scottish & Newcastle Breweries Control unit
DE3043827A1 (de) * 1980-11-20 1982-06-03 Gildemeister Ag, 4800 Bielefeld Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ueberwachen der bearbeitungsbedinungen an einer werkzeugmaschine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO8402592A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1984002592A1 (fr) 1984-07-05

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Inventor name: KOELBLIN, ROLF