EP0118620A2 - Procédé et installation de traitement thermique de tissus à poils - Google Patents

Procédé et installation de traitement thermique de tissus à poils Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0118620A2
EP0118620A2 EP83112923A EP83112923A EP0118620A2 EP 0118620 A2 EP0118620 A2 EP 0118620A2 EP 83112923 A EP83112923 A EP 83112923A EP 83112923 A EP83112923 A EP 83112923A EP 0118620 A2 EP0118620 A2 EP 0118620A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pile
fibers
fabric
heat
dielectric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83112923A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0118620A3 (fr
Inventor
Kenji Sato
Seiichi Yamagata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toray Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Toray Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toray Industries Inc filed Critical Toray Industries Inc
Publication of EP0118620A2 publication Critical patent/EP0118620A2/fr
Publication of EP0118620A3 publication Critical patent/EP0118620A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C11/00—Teasing, napping or otherwise roughening or raising pile of textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for 7 effectively heat-treating the fibers forming pile of a pile fabric and an effective heat-treating apparatus which operates on the basis of the process.
  • the invention concerns a technique of effectively heat-treating pile fibers by taking the advantage of electromagnetic wave-induced dielectric heating so as to improve the straightness and other physical properties of the fibers, the technique being particularly useful in improving the straightness and other pile properties of fabrics intended for use as artificial furs.
  • Pile fabrics and their pile fibers have been upgraded in recent years to meet growing demand for furry products. A consequent tendency is toward longer and much denser piles. Many attempts and proposals have been made to make pile fabrics resembling natural furs of a high quality, such as mink.
  • an artificial product similar in the fur or pelt structure to mink or other high-grade natural fur it must have a combination of at least two pile layers, or guard-hair and wool-hair layers.
  • the requirement is commonly met by forming a double-layer pile structure which consists of a shaggy guard-hair layer of rather coarse, long pile fibers and a fluffy wool-hair layer of fine, short fibers by far greater in :. number than the guard-hair fibers.
  • guard- and wool-hair fibers having maximum lengths, respectively, in the range of about 20 to 30 mm and about 5 to 20 mm, and combine them so that, when the fabric is seen along its edge, the guard- and wool-hair layers are distinctly distinguishable.
  • the fluffy wool-hair layer consists of fine fibers of several deniers or finer and the shaggy guard-hair layer consists of much coarser fibers of tens of deniers up to about 100d.
  • the guard-hair fibers number about 100 to 500 per square centimeter, whereas the wool-hair layer is far denser with about 5000 to 25000 fibers per the same unit area.
  • the fluffy wool-hair pile layer is in many cases formed of crimped fibers. Where the crimping is responsible for unusually frequent fiber entanglement, straightening the crimps to some extent will be beneficial. Heat-setting of the more or less uncrimped fluffy pile fibers will prove particularly helpful in improving the pile properties of the product.
  • guard-hair layer alone consists of a thick, dense mass of fibers, and the ordinary heat treatment, of whatever type, can hardly process both guard and wool layers alike and uniformly throughout the fabric as desired.
  • fibers are heat-set to some degree at their roots or in the wool-hair layer, no.. improvement will be attained in the lie or appearance of the resultant artificial fur.
  • the inner heat-setting should not cause excessive heat-treating of the surface portion, and yet this is undeniably a drawback common to conventional heat-treating methods.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a process and an apparatus for heat-treating pile fabrics efficiently and reasonably as desired.
  • the object of the invention is realized by a process for heat-treating a pile fabric which comprises adding a dielectric material to the pile of the fabric and then dielectrically heating the same under conditions such that the movement of the individual pile fibers is substantially constrained by the presence of the dielectric material.
  • the apparatus according to the invention for heat-treating a pile fabric comprises means for dressing dielectric-soaked fibers of the pile fabric, means for conveying the fabric while keeping the dressed pile fibers substantially intact, and a chamber in which the conveyed pile fabric is subjected to electromagnetic irradiation.
  • the term "pile fabric” is intended to embrace any of tufted and ordinary pile fabrics, double-raschel fabrics, moquettes and velvets, suedes, raised fabrics prepared by ordinary raising machines, electrically flocked fabrics, water- punched fabrics, artificial furs, carpets, chenilles, and other textile materials having piles or pile-like coverings.
  • the heating mechanism for the process of the invention applies electromagnetic waves to the pile of a pile fabric soaked beforehand with a dielectric material; so as to heat the dielectric and heat-treat the individual pile fibers of the fabric as desired through the medium of the heated dielectric.
  • the dielectric may be any material which exhibits a dielectric effect, such as water, alcohol, or other organic solvent, or an aqueous urea solution. Water is preferred because of the ease and safety of handling. Where a high temperature above the boiling point of water is required, a suitable material of a higher boiling point may be employed instead of or together with water.
  • the dielectric heating may be performed by any method provided it involves electromagnetic irradiation.
  • it may be effected by irradiation with microwaves ranging in frequency from 300 to 10000 MHz, high-frequency waves of 3 to 50 MHz, or electromagnetic waves of 3 to 10000 MHz in use with industrial or home electronic ranges.
  • pile fibers constrained by a dielectric fixing the fibers to some extent with water where the latter is adopted as a dielectric.
  • a desirable method comprises soaking all or part of a pile fabric with water, taking out the fabric from the water bath, draining or not draining water naturally by gravity, dressing the wet fibers with a comb or the like, and then subjecting them to electromagnetic irradiation.
  • the process of the invention permits uniform heating of a pile fabric, from the top to the innermost part, within a very short period of time. This is ascribable to the instantaneous, simultaneous heating to the same degree, that characterizes dielectric heating, of the dielectric material portion permeating deepest in the fabric as well as the remainder of the dielectric. Much elevated temperatures may also be employed for this purpose.
  • the pile can be easily treated locally and selectively.
  • the surface portion of the fibers in the pile can be primarily heat-treated by applying the dielectric only to that portion.
  • the roots of the pile fibers can be primarily heat-treated by applying the dielectric only to the deepest portion of the pile.
  • selective heat-forming and setting of the pile fibers can be done to change the lie or direction of the pile fibers at certain intervals of divided sections.
  • the pile fibers can be heat-set to a desired shape by using a rather viscous substance as the dielectric and then dielectrically heating the fibers while maintaining them in the desired form.
  • the fibers to form the piles to be handled by the present invention usually are, but not limited to, synthetic or chemical fibers with high moisture percentages. Natural fibers are usable as well. Above all, the fibers sharply pointed at the tips, which are readily bendable, are effectively used in the present process.
  • the dielectric material may contain a dye or dyes to effect dyeing concurrently with the heat treatment. Proper partial or selective heating will impart a desirable dyeing pattern to the pile. Where a minklike product is to be obtained, either the guard-hair or wool-hair pile layer alone can be dyed to provide a natural furry appearance.
  • the fabric ground too, can be heat-treated.
  • the fabric ground in the case of chenilles, for example, not only the heat treatment of the pile fibers but also heat setting of the yarns bonded to the ground can be simply performed.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the pile-fabric heat-treating apparatus of the invention.
  • a length of pile fabric 1 appropriately soaked with a dielectric material is fed forward by a conveyor 6, such as an endless conveyor belt, so that it is handled, while being conveyed, by a pile dresser 7, such as a brushing unit comprising a carding roller.
  • the pile dresser 7 disentangles and arranges the pile fibers in a given direction or in a predetermined pattern, depending on the type of intended subsequent processing. It may be a simple bar guide or the like where it has merely to lay upstanding fibers to a slight angle to the vertical.
  • a more complex unit may be employed, such as a brushing unit using a comb or rotary or stationary carding roller.
  • the pile fabric 1' is carried by the conveyor 6 and another unit 6' into an electromagnetic irradiation chamber 8.
  • the conveyors 6, 6' must transport the fabric and allow it to be irradiated while substantially maintaining the lie or pattern of the pile fibers as arranged by the pile dresser. They should not include any mechanism which might seriously disturb the given lie or direction of fiber arrangement. It is essential that they be free of any mechanism which would convey the fabric zigzag or meanderingly within the chamber 8.
  • the pile fabric l' brought into the chamber 8 is then irradiated with electromagnetic waves from an electromagnetic wave generator 9.
  • the dielectric material attached to the fabric then develops sufficient heat to treat the pile fibers.
  • the process and apparatus of the invention are applicable to the heat treatment of any pile fabric whose pile fibers have a maximum length of at least 3 mm. More particularly, as already described, they are applicable to the heat treatment of pile fabrics having a pile of multilayer or combination-pile structure of at least two pile layers, one consisting of relatively long, coarse fibers and the other consisting of relatively short, fine fibers to resemble, respectively, the guard-hair and wool-hair of natural furs.
  • the long guard-hair layer consists of fibers about 10 to 70 mm long and the short wool-hair layer consists of fibers about 5 to 40 mm long. Even such a long, dense pile can be effectively heat-treated within a very short period of time by the process and apparatus of the invention.
  • the advantageous effects of the present invention may be summarized as follows:
  • the pile fabric treated in conformity with the invention has pile fibers with improved straightness. Especially the fibers located deep in the pile are markedly improved in that property.
  • the improved straightness adds to the gloss of the pile. Furthermore, the straightness-retaining durability of the fabric increases, bringing an outstanding advantage of no entanglement nor objectionable gathering of the fibers after prolonged use of the product.
  • FIG. 1 A furry pile fabric of the structure, diagrammatically shown in FIG. 1, was made in conformity with the procedure described in the specification of Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 57-61739.
  • the numeral 1 generally indicates the pile fabric, and 2 is a pile layer of shaggy guard-hair fibers, 3 is a pile layer of fluffy wool-hair fibers, and 4 is a ground weave.
  • the guard- and wool-hair fibers are formed as below:
  • the pile fabric was soaked with water throughout its piled side.
  • the bedraggled pile fibers were dressed and freed of excess water by a fine-tooth comb. In this state they were laid aslant in one direction, as FIG. 2 shows diagrammatically.
  • both the wool- and guard-hair fibers were in a state constrained by water 5 while being set almost straight.
  • the fabric was then placed in a home electronic range (600 W) and subjected to microwave heating at an : oscillation frequency of 2450 MHz for 60 seconds. It was taken out of the range, the remaining water was allowed to dry up at ordinary temperature, and the fabric was brushed for a finish.
  • the furry pile fabric thus obtained, as shown in FIG. 3, had a good lie of all the pile fibers in one direction.
  • Example 1 The furry pile fabric obtained in Example 1 was sampled, and the test specimen was again watered, and dressed and freed of excess water by a fine-tooth comb.
  • the pile fabric was partly dewatered with blotting paper and then was dried with hot air.
  • the specimen thus prepared contained residual water mostly deep in the pile.
  • this specimen was placed in a home electronic range for microwave heating at an oscillation frequency of 2450 MHz, and was finished.
  • the furry pile fabric obtained in this way showed almost no fiber entanglement, with the originally crimped wool-hair fibers more uncrimped than those in Example 1.
  • the moderately low crimp of the wool-hair fibers combined with the straightness of the guard-hair fibers to make the fabric superior in quality and usefulness to the product of Example 1.
  • a furry pile fabric was made substantially in the same way as described in Example 1 except that the material for the fluffy wool-hair fibers were replaced by slightly crimped staples.
  • This specimen was subjected to microwave heating in a home electronic range at an oscillation frequency of 2450 MHz for 30 seconds.
  • a furry product was obtained with the guard-hair fairly uncurled and straightened.
  • a furry pile fabric of the same materials as used in Example 1 was thoroughly watered and combed so that the pile fibers were arranged in different directions, 90 degrees apart from each other, with respect to the centerline of the specimen (that is, obliquely at an angle of 45 degrees each from the centerline).
  • the specimen in this state was placed in a home electronic range and heated with microwaves at an oscillation frequency of 2450 MHz for 90 seconds.
  • the fabric was taken out and finished.
  • the product was a fashionable one, with the lie of the pile severed into two directions relative to the centerline.
  • Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated to make a furry pile fabric of the structure diagrammatically shown in FIG. 1.
  • the shaggy guard-hair fibers and fluffy wool-hair fibers were as follows:
  • a test specimen of the fabric 50 cm wide and 2.5 m long, was heat-treated in accordance with the invention in a high-frequency heater (at an oscillation frequency of 13.56 MHz) for 10 minutes.
  • the furry pile fabric so. treated had a good lie of the pile in one direction.
  • the shaggy guard-hair . fibers that had been slightly curled before the heat treatment were straight and added to the fine appearance and gloss of the fabric.
  • the originally crimped wool-hair fibers were fairly uncurled and accordingly showed much less entanglement, with increased gloss.
  • the furry product was satisfactory in all respects, including the appearance, feeling, and pile properties.
  • the pile dresser 7 was a carding roller, and the electromagnetic wave generator 9 had a power output of 5 kW and generated microwaves at an oscillation frequency of 2450 MHz.
  • the conveying speed of the conveyors 6, 6' was set so that a microwave-treating time of 4 minutes was obtained.
  • the treated furry pile fabric upon finishing was as satisfactory in pile appearance, gloss, and other properties as the product of Example 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
EP83112923A 1983-01-14 1983-12-21 Procédé et installation de traitement thermique de tissus à poils Withdrawn EP0118620A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58003514A JPS59130366A (ja) 1983-01-14 1983-01-14 立毛繊維の熱処理方法
JP3514/83 1983-01-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0118620A2 true EP0118620A2 (fr) 1984-09-19
EP0118620A3 EP0118620A3 (fr) 1986-02-05

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EP83112923A Withdrawn EP0118620A3 (fr) 1983-01-14 1983-12-21 Procédé et installation de traitement thermique de tissus à poils

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EP (1) EP0118620A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59130366A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0218201A2 (fr) * 1985-10-11 1987-04-15 Toray Industries, Inc. Fourrure artificielle
EP0219760A2 (fr) * 1985-10-25 1987-04-29 Toray Industries, Inc. Fourrure artificielle

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB666044A (en) * 1948-09-01 1952-02-06 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to high frequency dielectric heating apparatus
DE1807998A1 (de) * 1968-11-07 1970-05-27 Telefunken Patent Verfahren zur Erwaermung und Trocknung von Faserstoffgut im elektrischen Hochfrequenzfeld und Vorrichtung zur Ausuebung des Verfahrens
US4274209A (en) * 1979-12-28 1981-06-23 The Ichikin, Ltd. Apparatus for improved aftertreatment of textile material by application of microwaves

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB666044A (en) * 1948-09-01 1952-02-06 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to high frequency dielectric heating apparatus
DE1807998A1 (de) * 1968-11-07 1970-05-27 Telefunken Patent Verfahren zur Erwaermung und Trocknung von Faserstoffgut im elektrischen Hochfrequenzfeld und Vorrichtung zur Ausuebung des Verfahrens
US4274209A (en) * 1979-12-28 1981-06-23 The Ichikin, Ltd. Apparatus for improved aftertreatment of textile material by application of microwaves

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0218201A2 (fr) * 1985-10-11 1987-04-15 Toray Industries, Inc. Fourrure artificielle
EP0218201A3 (en) * 1985-10-11 1988-01-20 Toray Industries, Inc. Artificial fur
EP0219760A2 (fr) * 1985-10-25 1987-04-29 Toray Industries, Inc. Fourrure artificielle
EP0219760A3 (en) * 1985-10-25 1988-01-20 Toray Industries, Inc. Artificial fur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59130366A (ja) 1984-07-26
EP0118620A3 (fr) 1986-02-05

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Inventor name: SATO, KENJI

Inventor name: YAMAGATA, SEIICHI