Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
  • C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
  • C11D3/38618—Protease or amylase in liquid compositions only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
  • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
  • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
  • C11D10/045—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on non-ionic surface-active compounds and soap
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
  • C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
  • C11D3/38663—Stabilised liquid enzyme compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/43—Solvents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• the agents are essentially free of inorganic skeletal salts, such as condensed alkali metal phosphates, silicates and carbonates. In many cases they contain enzymes and suitable stabilizing agents, furthermore alkanolamines, in particular triethanolamine, and small amounts of polyacids, such as citric acid and polyphosphonic acids.
• the nonionic surfactants are generally derived from alkylphenols or fatty alcohols or oxoalcohols with different chain lengths and, depending on the intended effect, have different degrees of alkoxylation. Basically, however, only those alkoxylation products are disclosed whose polyglycol ether radical - regardless of the degree of alkoxylation - is composed of ethylene glycol radicals. In contrast to these, it is known that polypropylene glycol ether groups have no hydrophilizing properties, which is why propoxylated fatty alcohols or Alkylphenols are not considered suitable for use in concentrated, aqueous liquid detergents.
• DE-OS 28 10 703 relates to nonionic surfactants which are contained by simultaneous or alternate addition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide to higher alcohols.
• the ethylene and propylene glycol residues are present in statistical distribution or in repeated alternation.
• DE-OS 27 24 349 describes spray-dried detergents which are prepared using alkoxylates of the above formula R - 0 - Y - X.
• a teaching on the production of liquid detergents can not be found in this publication.
• DE-OS 29 18 826 in which the use of such alkoxylation products as low-foaming, biodegradable surfactants in detergents and cleaning agents is proposed.
• US-PS 2174761 from 1939 only in the alkoxylates of the type concerned times described, there are no indications of liquid detergents that would meet the current requirements regarding stability and washing ability, which are much higher than in the year of issue.
• the liquid detergents based on ethoxylated fatty alcohols cited in the first section have a sufficient detergent capacity against mineral and fatty soiling and - if they contain proteases and suitable stabilizing agents - also against protein-containing stains.
• the washability compared to bleachable ones is not entirely satisfactory. Soiling, especially stubborn tea stains. Since oxidizing bleaching agents are not suitable as components of the mixture in view of their inadequate resistance in aqueous preparations and in particular their destructive influence on enzymes, the task was therefore to develop a suitable composition which is more effective against the colored stains without affecting the detergency the other impurities.
• the compounds are derived from saturated and / or monounsaturated fatty alcohols of natural origin, such as lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, palmitoleyl, stearyl, oleyl, elaidyl, arachyl and gadoleyl alcohol, or from synthetic alcohols, for example oxo alcohols, the latter being usually consist of a mixture of linear and methyl-branched alcohols in the 2-position.
• the radicals R are preferably 25 to 100% by weight monounsaturated and 0 to 75% by weight saturated and have 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
• suitable starting alcohols are mixtures of 30 to 100% by weight, in particular 40 to 80% by weight of oleyl alcohol and 0 to 70% by weight, in particular 20 to 60% by weight of lauryl, Myristyl, cetyl and stearyl alcohol, such as are obtainable for example from coconut and tallow fatty acids or other natural fatty acid mixtures by hydrogenation.
• Component B consists of fatty acids in the form of their alkali metal or alkanolamine soaps, which are saturated or monounsaturated and have 10 to 20, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms.
• Suitable starting fatty acids are, in particular, coconut and tallow fatty acids and mixtures thereof, which essentially contain lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic and oleic acid. They are preferably in the form of sodium and / or triethanolamine soaps, mixtures of 1 to 9 parts by weight of sodium soaps and 9 to 1 part by weight of triethanolamine soaps being particularly preferred.
• the proportion of component B in the agents according to the invention, based on fatty acid is 2 to 25% by weight and preferably 5 to 20% by weight.
• the proportion of the agents in components A and B should total 30 to 50% by weight, preferably 35 to 45% by weight.
• Proteases obtained from bacterial strains and mixtures of proteases and amylases are particularly suitable as enzymes.
• B. the enzymes obtained from Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces griseus.
• These enzymes usually contain water-soluble calcium salts as potentiating and stabilizing agents and can be adjusted using adjusting agents, e.g. B. New tral salts, set to a defined degree of activation.
• the proportion of the enzymes is preferably 0.01 to 1% by weight.
• the organic solvents (component C) containing 5 to 25% by weight of the compositions consist of mono- or polyhydric alcohols or ether alcohols, such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol and glycerin .
• Ethanol, isopropanol and propylene glycol are the preferred solvents and are preferably used in a mixture, the weight ratio of monoalcohol to propylene glycol being 5: 1 to 1: 5.
• the proportion of organic solvent is preferably 8 to 16% by weight.
• compositions are free alkanolamines, especially triethanolamine, which has a stabilizing influence on the liquid agents and especially on the enzymes and is used in such an amount that, in addition to the acidic ingredients present for neutralization, an excess of 0.5 to 10% by weight .-%, preferably from 1 to 5 wt .-% is present.
• Acidic substances within the meaning of this definition are free fatty acids, polyacids and sulfonic acids which are not bound as alkali salts, such as can be present, for example, as optical brighteners.
• polyacids such as citric acid and polyphosphonic acids.
• polyphosphonic acids come e.g. B. 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, aminotrimethylenephosphonic acid, ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid and their higher homologs, such as diethylenetriamine-pentamethylenephosphonic acid and 1-amino-butane-1,1-diphosphonic acid.
• phosphonoalkane arbonic acids such as 1-phosphonoethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, 2-phosphonopropane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, 1-phosphonopropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 1-phosphonopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid , 1-phosphono-2-methylpropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 2-phosphate p honobutan-dicarboxylic acid 2,3-, 2-phosphonobutane-2,3,4-tricarboxylic acid, 2-phosphonobutane-1,2, 4-tricarboxylic acid, 1-phosphonobutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 1-phosphono-2-methylbutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 2-phosphono-3-methylbutane-2,3,4-tricarboxylic acid, 2- Phosphonopentane-2,3,4-tricarboxylic acid
• a preferred polycarboxylic acid is citric acid, which is advantageously present in proportions of 0.5 to 3% by weight.
• Further preferred polyacids are aminotrimethylenephosphonic acid and ethylenediamine-tetramethylenephosphonic acid, which can be present in amounts of 0.1 to 3% by weight.
• optical brighteners for example those from the class of the substituted 4,4-bis-triazinyl-diaminostilbene-disulfonic acids or the diphenyldistyryl.
• the 4,4-bis (2-anilino-4-morpholino-1,3,5-triazinyl-6-amino) - stilbenedisulfonic acid 2,2'- and diphenyldistyryl-disulfonic acid are preferred.
• the optical brighteners can be in the form of salts of sodium, potassium or alkanolamines, the sodium salt being the most common.
• the proportion of optical brighteners is generally 0.05 to 1% by weight. ;
• Suitable additives are lower monocarboxylic acids or their salts, which have an additional stabilizing effect on the liquid concentrates or enzymes.
• suitable additives include formic acid, acetic acid, glycolic acid and lactic acid.
• Their proportion based on free acid can be up to 2% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 1% by weight.
• foam inhibitors in particular defoamers from the group of silicones, dyes and fragrances, opacifiers, microbial agents and solubility-improving compounds from the class alkylbenzenesulfonates with 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl chains.
• composition of all constituents is chosen so that the pH is 6.5 to 9, preferably 3 to 8.5 in 1% aqueous solution.
• the water content of the concentrates averages 35 to 60% by weight.
• the procedure is expediently such that the soap-forming fatty acids or their predominant proportion are dissolved in an aqueous solution of the alkali metal hydroxides or the alkanolamines at a temperature which is above their melting point, then the solution is brought to temperatures below 50 Cools down and adds the organic solvents. Then the remaining ingredients are stirred into the still warm solution. The enzymes are finally added to the mixture which has cooled to below 30 ° C., preferably below 25 ° C.
• the liquid detergents according to the invention are notable for a long shelf life even at low and elevated temperatures. Unless the storage temperature does not significantly exceed 35 ° C, the enzymes are stable for many months. Their cleaning ability against greasy, protein-containing and mineral stains is good and corresponds to the performance of known liquid detergents of comparable composition. Compared to these comparative products, however, the washability against colored stains, in particular against tea stains, is improved.
• the agent was in the form of a clear, slightly viscous solution which, when cooled to temperatures below 14 ° C., became cloudy without any signs of segregation. The turbidity disappeared again when it was warmed up to room temperature. Storage tests at 25 ° C did not show a decrease in the enzyme activity within an observation period of 2 months.
• the washing tests were carried out in a launderometer with the addition of 10 steel balls each.
• the washing temperature was 60 ° C, the dosage 10 g / l, the water hardness 16 ° dH, the weight ratio of textile to washing liquor 1:12 and the washing time 30 minutes.
• the tap was rinsed with tap water three times for 15 seconds.
• Table 1 The text fabrics soiled in standardized conditions listed in Table 1 below were used: In the majority of cases, the results demonstrate a clear superiority of the agent according to the invention over the comparison samples, in particular with regard to the washing ability against soiling by tea and protein substances.
• composition of the agents is shown in Table 3.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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• 1982
  • 1982-09-02 DE DE19823232616 patent/DE3232616A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1983
  • 1983-08-24 EP EP83108321A patent/EP0104434A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1983-08-30 JP JP58157273A patent/JPS5959799A/ja active Pending
• 1985
  • 1985-05-08 US US06/731,760 patent/US4608189A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (1)

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