EP0103240B1 - Hammer mill - Google Patents

Hammer mill Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0103240B1
EP0103240B1 EP83108623A EP83108623A EP0103240B1 EP 0103240 B1 EP0103240 B1 EP 0103240B1 EP 83108623 A EP83108623 A EP 83108623A EP 83108623 A EP83108623 A EP 83108623A EP 0103240 B1 EP0103240 B1 EP 0103240B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hammer mill
mill according
grating
rotor
hammer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83108623A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0103240A3 (en
EP0103240A2 (en
Inventor
Manfred Adolph
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lyndex Recycling Systems Ltd
Original Assignee
Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority to AT83108623T priority Critical patent/ATE30854T1/en
Publication of EP0103240A2 publication Critical patent/EP0103240A2/en
Publication of EP0103240A3 publication Critical patent/EP0103240A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0103240B1 publication Critical patent/EP0103240B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B02C13/284—Built-in screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hammer crusher, in particular for crushing old material, preferably metallic scrap, consisting of a housing with a good inlet and a good outlet covered with a classifying grate, located in the region of a shaft, and a hammer rotor rotatably mounted in the housing.
  • Hammer crushers of this type for example shown and described in DE-PS 1 272 091, are increasingly used to shred car bodies, stoves, refrigerators, washing machines, steel furniture and the like. used.
  • a dedusting system which is generally two-stage and explosion-proof and usually consists of a cyclone pre-separator and a wet scrubber, which are connected downstream of the hammer crusher.
  • the size and suction capacity of the dedusting system are determined solely by the high air capacity of the hammer rotor, which was previously not accepted as influenceable, and not by the power which is merely required for the amount of dust actually to be extracted. So far, this has led to the fact that the known dedusting systems not only have unnecessarily high energy consumption, but because of the oversizing, which is inevitably accepted, they are relatively expensive with a relatively high level of noise pollution.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a hammer crusher of the type mentioned, which makes it possible to assign or connect dedusting systems that are not oversized but can be dimensioned according to the requirements arising from the amount of dust.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention based on the basic idea of reducing the blower effect of the hammer rotor by an air-permeable subdivision of the shaft into at least two spaces one behind the other in the direction of rotation of the rotor, of which the second space (21) opens into the area of the material inlet in the direction of rotation.
  • a version with a horizontally mounted hammer rotor has proven particularly useful, in which the shaft is then located above the rotor and is covered with a preferably horizontal grading grate, which can also be curved.
  • the additional shaft space provided according to the invention is not delimited by the classification grate but surrounds the hammer rotor in a width adapted to the rotor power over a certain circumferential angle range; it preferably extends from the exit to the entrance to the entrance.
  • the air connection to be provided between the two spaces is expediently achieved in the context of the invention by a baffle separating the spaces from one another, which extends at an angle to the grate plane from the edge of the grate facing the material inlet to close to the percussion circle of the rotor and in particular with openings or Breakthroughs is provided, which will be explained in detail.
  • a hammer rotor 2 which can be driven in the direction of rotation R is mounted horizontally with its axis 3. It is equipped in a manner known per se with the rotor hammers (not shown here in particular) as actual crushing tools, which can be freely pivoted in radial planes about their respective suspension on the circumference of the rotor 2.
  • the dash-dotted circle 4 marks the so-called hammer impact circle 4 described by the outer edges of the rotor hammers.
  • the housing 1 has a material inlet 5 for the material to be spread, for example car bodies, which are introduced into the housing 1 via the slope 6 in a state that is usually already highly compressed.
  • a classifying grate 7 forming the product outlet is arranged above the hammer rotor 2 and covers one through a discharge flap 8 for coarse parts that cannot be comminuted or only inadequately baffle 9 to be explained here and side walls (not described in greater detail) formed shaft 10 transversely to its axis.
  • a hood 11 above the grating 7 serves to collect and deflect the shredded scrap passing through the grate and is provided with a connection 11a for a dedusting system, not shown. Through a laterally located, lower opening 12 of the hood 11, the processed goods fall onto or into suitable transport devices.
  • the baffle 9 according to the invention is suspended or fastened in the housing 1 in a slightly inclined position immediately below the classification grate 7 in such a way that it extends at an angle to the grate plane from the edge of the grate 7 facing the material inlet 5 to close to the impact circle 4.
  • the baffle 9 has openings or openings 13 which are described in more detail below.
  • the baffle 9 in the illustrated embodiment is slightly flared with its edge facing the rotor in the direction of the material inlet 5, the angle a between the baffle surface 14 and a perpendicular to the plane of the grating 7 being chosen between approximately 10 ° and 30 ° can.
  • a further anvil edge 16 is provided for further comminution, namely on the edge of the baffle 9 facing the rotor; in this area there is also one of the end fastenings 17 of the baffle 9.
  • the openings or openings 13 passing through the baffle 9 should at least be dimensioned in such a way that they also let through those pieces of scrap which are comminuted and / or compacted enough to pass through the grating 7.
  • the air flow is influenced particularly favorably in the sense of the invention if larger dimensions are selected for the openings 13. If a rectangular cross section is selected for the openings 13. then it is expedient to give the long sides of the cross-sectional rectangles a minimum length of about 80 mm to 100 mm, depending on the material processed.
  • the sum of the inlet cross sections of the openings 13 should advantageously take up at least two thirds of the impact surface 14 of the baffle 9.
  • the openings 13 continuously expand from the impact surface 14 of the baffle 9 to the rear thereof.
  • the angle ⁇ between two opposing wall surfaces 18, 19 of the openings 13 is advantageously chosen in the range from 4 ° to 20 °, in particular between 6 ° and 16 °. The openings widening towards the outlet in this way prevent crushed parts from jamming in the openings.
  • the baffle 9 according to the invention in particular in connection with a housing wall 20 shaped approximately according to FIG. 1 in the area of the inlet 5 results in a surprising, extremely advantageous effect.
  • a substantial part of the amount of air conveyed by the fan action of the hammer rotor 2 into the shaft 10 below the classifying grate 7 is namely through the openings 13 in the baffle 9 in the direction of rotation R of the rotor 2 into the housing wall 20, which partly also extends from the arch to the material inlet 5 enclosed space 21 behind the baffle 9 and from there into the area of the inlet 5, supported by the slight negative pressure prevailing here relative to the space 21.
  • the measures and features according to the invention ensure that a substantial part of the air flow generated by the hammer rotor is conveyed in a circle through the baffle openings, namely initially into the space between the baffle and the inlet-side housing wall and from there again into the suction area of the hammer breaker at the good inlet. This reduces the amount of air sucked in from the outside and thus also the amount of air that has previously determined the dimensioning of the suction and blown off by the classifying grate.

Abstract

In a hammer breaker for breaking and crushing scrap material, in which a hammer rotor having a plurality of hammers pivotally mounted thereon is rotatably mounted in a housing having an inlet for the material to be broken and crushed, a passage for receiving the broken and crushed material from the hammer rotor, and an outlet from the passage covered by a classifying grate, the passage is divided by a perforated baffle into a pair of chambers arranged in series in the direction of rotation of the rotor. The first chamber is provided with the classifying grate outlet, and the second chamber leads back to the material inlet so that air is able to circulate around the rotor via the perforated baffle and the second chamber, thus reducing the throughput of air of the machine and correspondingly reducing the size of the dust extractor which is needed.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hammerbrecher, insbesondere zum Zerkleinern von Altmaterial, vorzugsweise metallischem Schrott, bestehend aus einem Gehäuse mit einem Guteinlass und einem mit einem Klassierrost abgedeckten, im Bereich eines Schachtes liegenden Gutaustritt sowie einem im Gehäuse drehbar gelagerten Hammerrotor.The invention relates to a hammer crusher, in particular for crushing old material, preferably metallic scrap, consisting of a housing with a good inlet and a good outlet covered with a classifying grate, located in the region of a shaft, and a hammer rotor rotatably mounted in the housing.

Hammerbrecher dieser Art, beispielsweise in der DE-PS 1 272 091 dargestellt und beschrieben, werden in zunehmendem Masse zum Zerkleinern von Autokarosserien, Herden, Kühlschränken, Waschmaschinen, Stahlmöbeln u.dgl. verwendet.Hammer crushers of this type, for example shown and described in DE-PS 1 272 091, are increasingly used to shred car bodies, stoves, refrigerators, washing machines, steel furniture and the like. used.

Da die Zerkleinerungswirkung der am Rotor schwenkbar gelagerten Hämmer bekanntlich wesentlich von deren Gewicht und ihrer Umlaufgeschwindigkeit abhängt, wählt man im Interesse eines guten Wirkungsgrades möglichst hohe Geschwindigkeiten von beispielsweise 55m/s und mehr. Dies führt dann dazu, dass der im Gehäuse umlaufende Rotor dem Hammerbrecher praktisch Eigenschaften eines Radialgebläses verleiht.Since the crushing effect of the hammers pivotally mounted on the rotor is known to depend significantly on their weight and their rotational speed, the highest possible speeds, for example 55 m / s and more, are chosen in the interest of good efficiency. This then leads to the fact that the rotor rotating in the housing gives the hammer crusher practically the properties of a radial fan.

Zur Sicherstellung eines staubfreien Betriebes des Hammerbrechers muss dieser mit einer Entstaubungsanlage versehen sein, die im allgemeinen zweistufig und explosionsdruckfest ausgebildet ist und normalerweise aus einem Zyklonvorabscheider und einem Nasswäscher besteht, die dem Hammerbrecher nachgeschaltet sind. Bei den bisher bekannten Anlagen werden dabei die Grösse und Absaugleistung der Entstaubungsanlage einzig und allein von der - bisher als nicht beeinflussbar akzeptierten - hohen Luftleistung des Hammerrotors und nicht von der für die eigentlich abzusaugende Staubmenge lediglich erforderlichen Leistung bestimmt. Dies hat bisher dazu geführt, dass die bekannten Entstaubungsanlagen nicht nur unnötig hohen Energieverbrauch besitzen sondern wegen der als unvermeidlich in Kauf genommenen Überdimensionierung relativ kostspielig sind bei gleichzeitig verhältnismässig hoher Lärmbelästigung.To ensure dust-free operation of the hammer crusher, it must be equipped with a dedusting system, which is generally two-stage and explosion-proof and usually consists of a cyclone pre-separator and a wet scrubber, which are connected downstream of the hammer crusher. In the systems known hitherto, the size and suction capacity of the dedusting system are determined solely by the high air capacity of the hammer rotor, which was previously not accepted as influenceable, and not by the power which is merely required for the amount of dust actually to be extracted. So far, this has led to the fact that the known dedusting systems not only have unnecessarily high energy consumption, but because of the oversizing, which is inevitably accepted, they are relatively expensive with a relatively high level of noise pollution.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Hammerbrecher der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der es ermöglicht, ihm Entstaubungsanlagen zuzuordnen bzw. nachzuschalten, die nicht überdimensioniert sind sondern entsprechend den sich aus dem Staubanfall ergebenden Erfordernissen bemessen werden können. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss ausgehend von dem Grundgedanken der Reduzierung der Gebläsewirkung des Hammerrotors durch eine luftdurchlässige Unterteilung des Schachtes in mindestens zwei in Rotordrehrichtung hintereinander liegende Räume, von denen der in Drehrichtung zweite Raum (21) in den Bereich des Guteinlasses mündet, gelöst.The invention has for its object to provide a hammer crusher of the type mentioned, which makes it possible to assign or connect dedusting systems that are not oversized but can be dimensioned according to the requirements arising from the amount of dust. This object is achieved according to the invention based on the basic idea of reducing the blower effect of the hammer rotor by an air-permeable subdivision of the shaft into at least two spaces one behind the other in the direction of rotation of the rotor, of which the second space (21) opens into the area of the material inlet in the direction of rotation.

Mit diesen Massnahmen wird quasi ein dem eigentlichen Schacht benachbarter «Zusatzschacht" geschaffen, dessen übrerraschende Wirkung in einer Luftrückführung bzw. umlaufenden Weiterführung besteht, so dass die Gebläsewirkung des Hammerbrechers minimiert wird und daher die Entstaubungsanlage, die im allgemeinen nachgeschaltet wird, geringer und auf den tatsächlichen Staubanfall abgestellt dimensioniert werden kann.These measures virtually create an "additional shaft" adjacent to the actual shaft, the other surprising effect of which is air recirculation or continuous circulation, so that the blower effect of the hammer breaker is minimized and therefore the dedusting system, which is generally connected downstream, is less and on the actual dust accumulation can be dimensioned.

Bei der Erfindung hat sich besonders eine Ausführung mit waagerecht gelagertem Hammerrotor bewährt, bei der sich dann der Schacht oberhalb vom Rotor befindet und mit einem vorzugsweise horizontalen Klassierrost abgedeckt ist, der auch bogenförmig sein kann. Dabei ist dann der zusätzliche, erfindungsgemäss vorgesehene Schachtraum nicht vom Klassierrost begrenzt sondern umgibt den Hammerrotor in einer der Rotorleistung angepassten Breite über einen gewissen Umfangswinkelbereich; er erstreckt sich vorzugsweise vom Gutaustritt bis zum Guteinlass.In the invention, a version with a horizontally mounted hammer rotor has proven particularly useful, in which the shaft is then located above the rotor and is covered with a preferably horizontal grading grate, which can also be curved. In this case, the additional shaft space provided according to the invention is not delimited by the classification grate but surrounds the hammer rotor in a width adapted to the rotor power over a certain circumferential angle range; it preferably extends from the exit to the entrance to the entrance.

Die zwischen den beiden Räumen vorzusehende Luftverbindung wird im Rahmen der Erfindung zweckmässig durch eine die Räume voneinander trennende Prallwand erreicht, die sich im Winkel zur Rostebene von dem dem Guteinlass zugewandten Rand des Rostes bis nahe an den Schlagkreis des Rotors erstreckt und insbesondere mit Öffnungen bzw. Durchbrechungen versehen ist, die im einzelnen noch erläutert werden.The air connection to be provided between the two spaces is expediently achieved in the context of the invention by a baffle separating the spaces from one another, which extends at an angle to the grate plane from the edge of the grate facing the material inlet to close to the percussion circle of the rotor and in particular with openings or Breakthroughs is provided, which will be explained in detail.

Durch die erfindungsgemässe Gestaltung der Trennung zwischen den beiden Räumen des bei um eine horizontale Achse umlaufenden Hammerrotor oberhalb desselben liegenden Gehäusebereichs ergibt sich in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung eine recht günstige Möglichkeit der aussenseitigen Gestaltung des «Zusatzschachtes», indem eine nach aussen gewölbte sich vom Rost bis zum Guteinlass erstreckende Gehäusewand als äussere Begrenzung dient.Due to the inventive design of the separation between the two spaces of the housing area lying above the same with a hammer rotor rotating around a horizontal axis, in a further embodiment of the invention there is a very favorable possibility of designing the outside of the “additional shaft”, in that one bulges outwards from the grate to housing wall extending to the good inlet serves as an outer boundary.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung, die ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt, wird die Erfindung nachfolgend näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung senkrecht zur Achse des Hammerrotors; und
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch ein Teilstück der erfindungsgemässen Prallwand.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the accompanying drawing, which shows a preferred exemplary embodiment. Show it:
  • 1 shows a section through an inventive device perpendicular to the axis of the hammer rotor. and
  • Fig. 2 shows a section through a section of the baffle according to the invention.

In einem Gehäuse 1 ist ein in Drehrichtung R antreibbarer Hammerrotor 2 mit seiner Achse 3 horizontal gelagert. Er ist in an sich bekannter Weise mit den hier nicht besonders dargestellten Rotorhämmern als eigentlichen Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen bestückt, die um ihre jeweilige Aufhängung am Umfang des Rotors 2 in radialen Ebenen frei schwenkbar sind. Der strichpunktierte Kreis 4 markiert den von den Aussenkanten der Rotorhämmer beschriebenen sogenannten Hammerschlagkreis 4.In a housing 1, a hammer rotor 2 which can be driven in the direction of rotation R is mounted horizontally with its axis 3. It is equipped in a manner known per se with the rotor hammers (not shown here in particular) as actual crushing tools, which can be freely pivoted in radial planes about their respective suspension on the circumference of the rotor 2. The dash-dotted circle 4 marks the so-called hammer impact circle 4 described by the outer edges of the rotor hammers.

Das Gehäuse 1 besitzt einen Guteinlass 5 für das aufzubreitende Gut, beispielsweise Autokarosserien, die über die Schräge 6 in üblicherweise bereits stark komprimiertem Zustand in das Gehäuse 1 eingebracht werden, auf. Ein den Gutaustritt bildender Klassierrost 7 ist oberhalb des Hammerrotors 2 angeordnet und deckt einen durch eine Auswurfklappe 8 für nicht oder nur unzureichend zu zerkleinernde Grobteile, eine noch näher zu erläuternde Prallwand 9 und nicht näher bezeichnete Seitenwände gebildeten Schacht 10 quer zu seiner Achse ab. Eine Haube 11 oberhalb des Klassierrostes 7 dient zum Auffangen und Umlenken des den Rost passierenden, zerkleinerten Schrotts und ist mit einem Anschluss 11a für eine nicht dargestellte Entstaubungsanlage versehen. Durch eine seitlich gelegene, untere Öffnung 12 der Haube 11 fällt das aufbereitete Gut auf bzw. in geeignete Transporteinrichtungen.The housing 1 has a material inlet 5 for the material to be spread, for example car bodies, which are introduced into the housing 1 via the slope 6 in a state that is usually already highly compressed. A classifying grate 7 forming the product outlet is arranged above the hammer rotor 2 and covers one through a discharge flap 8 for coarse parts that cannot be comminuted or only inadequately baffle 9 to be explained here and side walls (not described in greater detail) formed shaft 10 transversely to its axis. A hood 11 above the grating 7 serves to collect and deflect the shredded scrap passing through the grate and is provided with a connection 11a for a dedusting system, not shown. Through a laterally located, lower opening 12 of the hood 11, the processed goods fall onto or into suitable transport devices.

Die erfindungsgemässe Prallwand 9 ist unmittelbar unterhalb des Klassierrostes 7 in leichter Schräglage im Gehäuse 1 derart aufgehängt bzw. befestigt, dass sie sich im Winkel zur Rostebene von dem dem Guteinlass 5 zugewandten Rand des Rostes 7 bis nahe an den Schlagkreis 4 erstreckt. Als wesentliches Merkmal weist die Prallwand 9 Durchbrechungen oder Öffnungen 13 auf, die weiter unten näher beschrieben werden.The baffle 9 according to the invention is suspended or fastened in the housing 1 in a slightly inclined position immediately below the classification grate 7 in such a way that it extends at an angle to the grate plane from the edge of the grate 7 facing the material inlet 5 to close to the impact circle 4. As an essential feature, the baffle 9 has openings or openings 13 which are described in more detail below.

Die Prallwand 9 ist im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel mit ihrem dem Rotor zugekehrten Rand in Richtung auf den Guteinlass 5 hin leicht ausgestellt, wobei der zwischen der Prallwandoberfläche 14 und einer Senkrechten auf die Ebene des Klassierrostes 7 eingeschlossene Winkel a zwischen etwa 10° und 30° gewählt werden kann. Neben dem üblichen Amboss 15 am Guteinlass ist noch eine weitere Ambosskante 16 zur Nachzerkleinerung vorgesehen, und zwar am dem Rotor zugekehrten Rand der Prallwand 9; in diesem Bereich befindet sich auch eine der endseitigen Befestigungen 17 der Prallwand 9.The baffle 9 in the illustrated embodiment is slightly flared with its edge facing the rotor in the direction of the material inlet 5, the angle a between the baffle surface 14 and a perpendicular to the plane of the grating 7 being chosen between approximately 10 ° and 30 ° can. In addition to the usual anvil 15 at the material inlet, a further anvil edge 16 is provided for further comminution, namely on the edge of the baffle 9 facing the rotor; in this area there is also one of the end fastenings 17 of the baffle 9.

Die die Prallwand 9 durchsetzenden Durchbrechungen oder Öffnungen 13 sollen mindestens so bemessen sein, dass sie diejenigen Schrottstükke, welche genügend zerkleinert und/oder kompaktiert sind, um den Klassierrost 7 zu passieren, ebenfalls durchlassen. Die Luftführung wird dann im Sinne der Erfindung besonders günstig beeinflusst, wenn grössere Abmessungen für die Öffnungen 13 gewählt werden. Wenn für die Durchbrechungen 13 ein rechteckiger Querschnitt gewählt wird. dann ist es zweckmässig, den langen Seiten der Querschnittsrechtecke abhängig vom verarbeiteten Material eine Mindestlänge von etwa 80 mm bis 100 mm zu geben. Dabei soll vorteilhaft die Summe der Eintrittsquerschnitte der Öffnungen 13 mindestens zwei Drittel der Aufprallfläche 14 der Prallwand 9 einnehmen.The openings or openings 13 passing through the baffle 9 should at least be dimensioned in such a way that they also let through those pieces of scrap which are comminuted and / or compacted enough to pass through the grating 7. The air flow is influenced particularly favorably in the sense of the invention if larger dimensions are selected for the openings 13. If a rectangular cross section is selected for the openings 13. then it is expedient to give the long sides of the cross-sectional rectangles a minimum length of about 80 mm to 100 mm, depending on the material processed. The sum of the inlet cross sections of the openings 13 should advantageously take up at least two thirds of the impact surface 14 of the baffle 9.

Wie aus der einen Schnitt durch ein Teilstück der Prallwand 9 darstellenden Fig. 2 hervorgeht, erweitern sich die Durchbrechungen 13 von der Aufprallfläche 14 der Prallwand 9 zu deren Rückseite hin stetig. Vorteilhaft wird dabei der zwischen von zwei sich gegenüberliegenden Wandflächen 18, 19 der Durchbrechungen 13 eingeschlossene Winkel ß im Bereich von 4° bis 20°, insbesondere zwischen 6° und 16° gewählt. Durch die sich derart zum Auslass hin erweiternden Öffnungen wird ein Verklemmen von zerkleinerten Teilen in den Öffnungen vermieden.As can be seen from the FIG. 2, which shows a section through a section of the baffle 9, the openings 13 continuously expand from the impact surface 14 of the baffle 9 to the rear thereof. The angle β between two opposing wall surfaces 18, 19 of the openings 13 is advantageously chosen in the range from 4 ° to 20 °, in particular between 6 ° and 16 °. The openings widening towards the outlet in this way prevent crushed parts from jamming in the openings.

Eine im Bogen vom Guteinlass 5 zum Klassierrost 7 geführte, in Drehrichtung R hinter der Prallwand 9 verlaufende Gehäusewand 20 ermöglicht eine besonders gute Luftführung.A housing wall 20, which runs in an arc from the material inlet 5 to the classification grate 7 and runs in the direction of rotation R behind the baffle wall 9, enables particularly good airflow.

Durch die erfindungsgemässe Prallwand 9, insbesondere in Verbindung mit einer etwa gemäss Fig. 1 geformten Gehäusewand 20 im Bereich des Guteinlasses 5 ergibt sich eine überraschende, äusserst vorteilhafte Wirkung. Ein wesentlicher Teil der durch die Ventilatorwirkung des Hammerrotors 2 in den Schacht 10 unterhalb des Klassierrostes 7 geförderten Luftmenge wird nämlich durch die Öffnungen 13 in der Prallwand 9 in Drehrichtung R des Rotors 2 in den teilweise auch von der im Bogen zum Guteinlass 5 verlaufenden Gehäusewand 20 umschlossenen Raum 21 hinter der Prallwand 9 und von dort in den Bereich des Guteinlasses 5 geführt, unterstützt durch den hier gegenüber dem Raum 21 herrschenden leichten Unterdruck.The baffle 9 according to the invention, in particular in connection with a housing wall 20 shaped approximately according to FIG. 1 in the area of the inlet 5 results in a surprising, extremely advantageous effect. A substantial part of the amount of air conveyed by the fan action of the hammer rotor 2 into the shaft 10 below the classifying grate 7 is namely through the openings 13 in the baffle 9 in the direction of rotation R of the rotor 2 into the housing wall 20, which partly also extends from the arch to the material inlet 5 enclosed space 21 behind the baffle 9 and from there into the area of the inlet 5, supported by the slight negative pressure prevailing here relative to the space 21.

Durch die erfindungsgemässen Massnahmen und Merkmale wird erreicht, dass durch die Prallwandöffnungen ein wesentlicher Teil des durch den Hammerrotor erzeugten Luftstroms im Kreis gefördert wird, nämlich zunächst in den Raum zwischen Prallwand und einlassseitiger Gehäusewand und von dort wieder in den Ansaugbereich des Hammerbrechers am Guteinlass. Dadurch verringert sich die von aussen angesaugte Luftmenge und damit auch die Menge der bisher die Bemessung der Absaugung bestimmenden, durch den Klassierrost abgeblasenen Luft.The measures and features according to the invention ensure that a substantial part of the air flow generated by the hammer rotor is conveyed in a circle through the baffle openings, namely initially into the space between the baffle and the inlet-side housing wall and from there again into the suction area of the hammer breaker at the good inlet. This reduces the amount of air sucked in from the outside and thus also the amount of air that has previously determined the dimensioning of the suction and blown off by the classifying grate.

Claims (16)

1. Hammer mill, especially for disintegrating waste material, consisting of a housing having a material inlet and an outlet covered with a grading grating situated in the region of a shaft and of a hammer rotor rotatably journalled in the housing, characterized by an air-permeable division of the shaft into at least two chambers (10, 21), situated behind one another in the rotor rotational direction (R), of which the chamber (21) which is second in the rotational direction leads into the region of the material inlet (5).
2. Hammer mill according to Claim 1 characterized in that, the hammer rotor (2) being horizontally journalled, the shaft (10, 21) is situated above the rotor (2) and is covered with a grading grating (7).
3. Hammer mill according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the chambers (10 and 21) are separated from one another by a baffle wall (9).
4. Hammer mill according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the baffle wall (9) extends from the grading grating (7) almost to the hammer beating circle (4) described by the outer edges of the rotor hammers.
5. Hammer mill according to Claim 4, characterized in that the baffle wall (9) extends, at an angle to the plane of the grating, from the edge of the grating (7) nearest to the material inlet (5) to the close vicinity of the beating circle (4) of the rotor (2).
6. Hammer mill according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the baffle wall (9), traversed by openings (13), is so arranged almost perpendicularly to the plane of the grading grating (7) that the vertical projection of the baffle wall (9) onto the plane of the grading grating (7) lies outside the through passage area of the grating.
7. Hammer mill according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inlet cross-sections of the openings (13) in the baffle wall (9) make up at least two thirds of the baffle area.
8. Hammer mill according to one or more of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the housing wall (20) adjacent to the material inlet (5) leads from the material inlet (5) substantially in an arc as far as the grading grating (7) and encompasses a free chamber (21), open towards the material inlet (5), between itself (20), the rear face of the baffle wall (9) and the rotor (2).
9. Hammer mill according to one or more of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the baffle wall (9) makes an angle (a), pointing away from the rotor axis (3), of approximately 10° to 30° with a plane perpendicular to the plane of the grading grating (7) and passing through the substantially horizontal edge of the baffle wall situated immediately at the grading grating (7).
10. Hammer mill according to one or more of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the baffle wall (9) is constructed as a lattice grating with apertures (13) gradually diverging from its impact side to its rear side.
11. Hammer mill according to Claim 10, characterized in that the apertures (13) are of rectangular cross-section.
12. Hammer mill according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the longer sides of the rectangles, measured on the impact side, are at least approximately 80 mm long.
13. Hammer mill according to one or more of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the longer sides of the rectangular cross-sections are orientated perpendicularly to the substantially horizontal edges of the baffle wall (9).
14. Hammer mill according to one or more of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the smallest sides dimensions of the cross-sections at the inlet side of the apertures (13) are at least 40 mm to 100 mm long depending upon the material processed.
15. Hammer mill according to one or more of Claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the mutually opposite wall surfaces (18, 19) of the apertures or openings (13) enclose between themselves an angle (25) of at least 4° and at most 20°.
16. Hammer mill according to one or more of Claims 10 to 15, characterized in that the mutually opposite wall surfaces of the apertures or openings (13) enclose between themselves an angle of 6° to 16°.
EP83108623A 1982-09-14 1983-09-01 Hammer mill Expired EP0103240B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83108623T ATE30854T1 (en) 1982-09-14 1983-09-01 HAMMER BREAKER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3233985 1982-09-14
DE19823233985 DE3233985A1 (en) 1982-09-14 1982-09-14 HAMMER CRUSHER

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0103240A2 EP0103240A2 (en) 1984-03-21
EP0103240A3 EP0103240A3 (en) 1985-10-02
EP0103240B1 true EP0103240B1 (en) 1987-11-19

Family

ID=6173140

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83108623A Expired EP0103240B1 (en) 1982-09-14 1983-09-01 Hammer mill

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4542856A (en)
EP (1) EP0103240B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5966359A (en)
AT (1) ATE30854T1 (en)
AU (1) AU567506B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3233985A1 (en)
ES (1) ES8405292A1 (en)

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DE3431658C1 (en) * 1984-08-29 1986-01-23 Thyssen Industrie Ag, 4300 Essen Formation of the working gap in a shredding machine with a horizontally arranged hammer breaker rotor
DE3839341A1 (en) * 1988-11-22 1990-05-23 Orenstein & Koppel Ag Method and device for the universal comminution and cutting of materials
US5244158A (en) * 1990-08-02 1993-09-14 Popovich Paul D Scrap processor
FR2713107B1 (en) * 1993-11-30 1996-05-31 Ferrailles Cie Fse Open door crusher, used for shredding cars.
US5881959A (en) * 1995-05-04 1999-03-16 Cmi Corporation Materials grinder with infeed conveyor and anvil
DE19835796C2 (en) * 1998-08-07 2001-12-06 Svedala Lindemann Gmbh Method for operating the air circuit and conveying the flow of material in the housing of a hammer crusher and housing of a hammer crusher for carrying out the method
CA2725127C (en) * 2008-05-27 2011-07-19 Polycorp Ltd. Discharge end liner
EP2331261B1 (en) * 2008-08-01 2014-03-19 Polycorp Ltd. Unidirectional discharge grate assembly
US9289775B2 (en) 2012-11-22 2016-03-22 Polycorp Ltd. Discharge grate assembly
CN104492544A (en) * 2014-12-18 2015-04-08 天津汉德威药业有限公司 Special crusher
CN107694135B (en) * 2017-11-13 2021-09-14 昆明特康科技有限公司 Grinding machine for drying and pulverizing high-humidity high-viscosity materials and application method thereof
ES1209238Y (en) * 2018-03-07 2018-07-03 Talleres Zb S A IMPROVED FRAGMENTATION DEVICE FOR A FRAGMENTER OF METAL MATERIALS
CN108855536A (en) * 2018-06-21 2018-11-23 南京达迈科技实业有限公司 A kind of nickel alloy disintegrating apparatus

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4542856A (en) 1985-09-24
EP0103240A3 (en) 1985-10-02
DE3374523D1 (en) 1987-12-23
ATE30854T1 (en) 1987-12-15
DE3233985A1 (en) 1984-03-15
JPS5966359A (en) 1984-04-14
ES525561A0 (en) 1984-06-01
ES8405292A1 (en) 1984-06-01
EP0103240A2 (en) 1984-03-21
AU1898483A (en) 1984-03-22
AU567506B2 (en) 1987-11-26

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