EP0101362A1 - Method for tightly sealing an arrangement of a container and plug by heat shrinking of two conical bearing surfaces and arrangement container-plug designed for carrying out this method - Google Patents

Method for tightly sealing an arrangement of a container and plug by heat shrinking of two conical bearing surfaces and arrangement container-plug designed for carrying out this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0101362A1
EP0101362A1 EP83401567A EP83401567A EP0101362A1 EP 0101362 A1 EP0101362 A1 EP 0101362A1 EP 83401567 A EP83401567 A EP 83401567A EP 83401567 A EP83401567 A EP 83401567A EP 0101362 A1 EP0101362 A1 EP 0101362A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plug
opening
container
stopper
arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83401567A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0101362B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Geffroy
Maurice Moulin
Bernard Liot
Jean Vivien
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novatome SA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Novatome SA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
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Publication of EP0101362A1 publication Critical patent/EP0101362A1/en
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Publication of EP0101362B1 publication Critical patent/EP0101362B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
    • G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers
    • G21F5/12—Closures for containers; Sealing arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for sealingly closing an enclosure by shrinking two conical surfaces.
  • Enclosures are used, in particular in the nuclear industry, which require sealing at various fluids under pressure and at a relatively high temperature. This is the case for example of transport containers which are used to transport the irradiated fuel assemblies from the nuclear reactor to the reprocessing plant.
  • the closure of such a container must meet the required safety and operating requirements.
  • Closure devices are also known in which the metal-metal seal is ensured by a fusible joint. In this case, the seal is good, but the mechanical strength of the seal is low. In addition, there is entrainment of the fusible metal when the plug is removed, which is troublesome.
  • the present invention relates to a method and closure device for an enclosure which overcomes these drawbacks of the prior art. It uses the tightening properties of male-female cones with the same low taper on the order of 1 to 2 degrees.
  • the sealed closure device of the in vention is characterized in that the plug and the walls of the opening comprise the elements of an axial stop constituted by a flange formed on one of the parts and by a conjugate annular bearing formed on the other part.
  • the two cones are made with the same metal or with metals having the same coefficient of expansion in order to ensure an appropriate and lasting tightening during the operation of 1 enclosure during which the temperature of the closure device varies. It is also necessary that the surfaces of the cones are machined with care, and in particular that they have no longitudinal scratches. Of course, it is necessary that the tightening stresses remain in the range of the elastic limit of the metal used for the expected operating temperature.
  • the male conical bearing can be produced either on the plug or on the opening, which gives several alternative embodiments of the device of the invention.
  • the reference 2 designates the wall of a sealed enclosure.
  • This waterproof enclosure can be fixed or mobile. It may for example be a container placed in a transport castle used to transport the irradiated fuel assemblies from the nuclear reactor to the reprocessing plant.
  • An enclosure of this type must include a closure device meeting very strict safety and sealing requirements. This device must be capable of withstanding high temperature and pressure.
  • the closure device of the invention shown in Figure 1 uses the tightening properties of the male-female cones of slight slope.
  • the closing device is made up of two parts: a ferrule 4 secured to the wall of the sealed enclosure which delimits an opening 6 which gives access to the interior of the enclosure.
  • the opening 6 is closed by a plug 8 inserted inside the shell 4.
  • Tapered surfaces of low taper are produced on the shell 8 and on the plug.
  • a female conical bearing has been produced in the shell, while the plug 8 has a complementary male conical bearing.
  • other combinations are possible, as will be described later.
  • the closure of the sealed enclosure by means of the device of the invention shown in Figure 1 is obtained in the following manner.
  • the ferrule 4 is heated, which has the effect of expanding it and increasing the diameter of the female conical bearing 4a to the position 4'a shown in broken lines. It is then possible to introduce without difficulty the plug 8 inside the shell 4.
  • the shell cools, which has the effect of contracting it and therefore of obtaining the desired tightening effect. This provides a tight seal and having good mechanical strength.
  • the plug is removed in reverse, either by heating the ferrule 4, or by cooling the plug 8 to contract it by means of liquefied gas or by any other similar means.
  • the plug 8 has a housing 8b for a gripping head 14 which allows it to be handled conveniently and at a distance.
  • the positioning of the plug 8 relative to the ferrule 4 can be easily obtained by means of a flange 8c of the plug coming to bear on an annular bearing 4c of the ferrule.
  • the precise positioning, in translation, of the plug can be ensured by the mechanism for positioning the latter using a stop, adjustable or not, coming into contact with the plane surface of the ferrule, or even by precise control of the travel of this mechanism. If necessary, the variation of this stroke makes it possible to ensure closings with tightenings of variable value.
  • FIG 2 an alternative embodiment of the device of Figure 1.
  • the shell 4 has a female conical bearing and the plug a male conical bearing.
  • the slope of the cone has been reversed.
  • the female conical bearing 4a widens towards the inside of the enclosure. It is obvious that in this case, it is necessary to further dilate the ferrule 4 to introduce the plug, since the smallest diameter of the conical seat 4a must become greater, at the time of the introduction of the plug, at most large diameter of the male conical bearing 8a.
  • the plug 8 may include a flange 8c which comes into contact at the time of tightening with an annular surface 4c of the ferrule 4, which makes it possible to obtain a precise tightening without having to worry about precisely controlling the temperature difference between the ferrule and the cap.
  • FIG. 3a There are shown in Figures 3a and 3b two other alternative embodiments of a sealed closure device for an enclosure.
  • the plug 8 which has a female conical bearing in which the ferrule is received.
  • the diameter of the female conical bearing tapers towards the bottom of the plug. This embodiment can be compared to that of FIG. 1.
  • the assembly and disassembly of the plug 8 is carried out in a similar manner to that of the plug of Figures 1 and 2.
  • an annular bearing 4c which, in these embodiments, occurs. te in the form of a shoulder of the ferrule 4.
  • the annular bearing 4c cooperates with the flange 8c of the plug 8 ( Figures 3a and 3b) to stop in translation the plug relative to the ferrule and obtain as explained above a suitable tightening of the two parts once the temperature balance has been obtained.
  • FIG. 4a shows an assembly for machining a plug 8, and in particular for calibrating the flange 8c which allows the positioning of the plug relative to the shell at the time of assembly.
  • the reference 16 designates the jaws of a lathe in which the plug 8 is tightened.
  • a standard ferrule 18 is then presented on the plug 8 and fixed thereon.
  • a dressing tool 30 comprising a roller, is then brought to bear on the face 10 of the standard ferrule.
  • the tool advance ensures the calibration of the cap flange.
  • FIG. 4b shows the calibration of the annular surface 4c of the shell 4 by the installation of a standard plug 20 having a face 20a for supporting a roller integral with the dressing tool 30.
  • FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of a closure device of the invention.
  • This device comprises two plugs arranged one behind the other. This produces a primary seal by means of the plug 8 'and a secondary seal by means of the plug 8 ".
  • the diameter of the conical surface of the plug 8' increases with increasing movement. moves away from the flange 8'c, which ensures a very high resistance of this plug to axial displacement, for example under the effect of shocks coming for example from parts contained inside the enclosure during transport.
  • FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of the invention.
  • the conical bearings both male and female, have been divided into several conical bearings 4 1 '4 2 , 4 3 etc for the ferrule 4 and 8 1 , 8 2 , 83 etc. for plug 8.
  • Two consecutive conical bearing surfaces are separated by a heel.
  • the conical surfaces 4 1 and 4 2 there is the heel 31, and between the conical surfaces 8 1 and 8 2 , there is the heel 32.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of allowing a large length 1 of the conical bearing surfaces relative to the diameter 34 of the opening.
  • the plug is easier to set up and remove while ensuring a better seal and better mechanical resistance.
  • heels 31 and 32 have a safety role. They hold the plug in place in case it comes to move, for example under the effect of a shock coming from inside the enclosure and directed towards the outside.
  • Figure 7 a variant of the embodiment of Figure 6 which also includes tapered bearings which have been divided into several conical bearings.
  • This embodiment corresponds to the case of a reverse cone. It has the same advantages as the embodiment of FIG. 6.
  • the fact of reducing the ratio of the length of the spans relative to the diameter of the opening has a greater benefit since , as mentioned above, it is necessary to dilate the flange or con further pull the plug to insert into each other due to the reverse taper.

Abstract

1. Method for sealing and opening a container/stopper assembly, the container having an opening (6), the stopper (8) and the opening (6) both having a slight conicity of the order of 1 to 2 degrees, this method comprising the following successive stages : a) a thermal disequilibrium is created between the stopper and the walls of the opening so as to cause relative expansion of the opening in relation to the stopper ; b) the stopper is inserted into the opening until it reaches a predetermined axial position which corresponds, after the thermal equilibrium has been restored, to a predetermined degree of tightness ; c) the thermal equilibrium is restored between the stopper and the opening ; d) the stopper is removed by causing renewed relative expansion between the stopper and the opening.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé et un dispositif de fermeture étanche d'une enceinte par frettage de deux portées coniques.The present invention relates to a method and a device for sealingly closing an enclosure by shrinking two conical surfaces.

On utilise, en particulier dans l'industrie nucléaire, des enceintes nécessitant une étanchéité à différents fluides sous pression et à une température relativement élevée. C'est le cas par exemple de conteneurs de transport qui servent à acheminer les assemblages combustibles irradiés depuis le réacteur nucléaire jusqu'à l'usine de retraitement. Le dispositif de fermeture d'un conteneur de ce genre doit répondre aux exigences de sécurité et de fonctionnement requises.Enclosures are used, in particular in the nuclear industry, which require sealing at various fluids under pressure and at a relatively high temperature. This is the case for example of transport containers which are used to transport the irradiated fuel assemblies from the nuclear reactor to the reprocessing plant. The closure of such a container must meet the required safety and operating requirements.

On connaît, dans l'état de la technique, des dispositifs de fermeture d'une enceinte qui utilisent un ou plusieurs joints métalliques pour réaliser une étanchéité métal-métal. Dans un dispositif de ce genre, le joint doit être fortement comprimé sans rotation par des vis de serrage ou un moyen équivalent. En général, après démontage, les joints métalliques ne sont pas réutilisables. En outre, un dispositif de ce genre occasionne souvent des problèmes de grippage ou d'usure des dispositifs de serrage.There are known, in the prior art, devices for closing an enclosure which use one or more metal seals to produce a metal-to-metal seal. In a device of this kind, the seal must be strongly compressed without rotation by clamping screws or an equivalent means. In general, after dismantling, the metal seals cannot be reused. In addition, a device of this kind often causes problems of seizing or wear of the clamping devices.

On connaît également des dispositifs de fermeture dans lesquels l'étanchéité métal-métal est assurée par un joint fusible. Dans ce cas, l'étanchéité est bonne, mais la résistance mécanique du joint est faible. En outre, il se produit des entrainements du métal fusible lors du retrait du bouchon, ce qui est gênant.Closure devices are also known in which the metal-metal seal is ensured by a fusible joint. In this case, the seal is good, but the mechanical strength of the seal is low. In addition, there is entrainment of the fusible metal when the plug is removed, which is troublesome.

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé et dispositif de fermeture pour une enceinte qui remédie à ces inconvénients de l'art antérieur. Elle utilise les propriétés de serrage des cônes mâles-femelles de même faible conicité de l'ordre de 1 à 2 degrés.The present invention relates to a method and closure device for an enclosure which overcomes these drawbacks of the prior art. It uses the tightening properties of male-female cones with the same low taper on the order of 1 to 2 degrees.

Le serrage est obtenu, selon le procédé de la présente invention, en produisant un déséquilibre thermique entre le bouchon et les parois de l'ouverture pour provoquer une dilatation relative de l'ouverture par rapport au bouchon,

  • - en introduisant le bouchon dans l'ouverture jusqu'à une position axiale prédéterminée correspondant, après retour à l'équilibre thermique, à un serrage prédéterminé, et
  • - en rétablissant l'équilibre thermique entre le bouchon et l'ouverture. L'extraction du bouchon est obtenue en produisant une nouvelle dilatation relative entre le bouchon et l'ouverture.
The tightening is obtained, according to the method of the present invention, by producing a thermal imbalance between the plug and the walls of the opening to cause a relative expansion of the opening relative to the plug,
  • by inserting the plug into the opening to a predetermined axial position corresponding, after return to thermal equilibrium, to a predetermined tightening, and
  • - by restoring the thermal balance between the plug and the opening. The plug is extracted by producing a new relative expansion between the plug and the opening.

De façon plus précise, le dispositif de fermeture étanche de l'invention se caractérise en ce que le bouchon et les parois de l'ouverture comportent les éléments d'une butée axiale constituée par une collerette formée sur l'une des pièces et par une portée annulaire conjuguée formée sur l'autre pièce.More precisely, the sealed closure device of the in vention is characterized in that the plug and the walls of the opening comprise the elements of an axial stop constituted by a flange formed on one of the parts and by a conjugate annular bearing formed on the other part.

Il est nécessaire que les deux cônes soient réalisés avec le même métal ou avec des métaux présentant le même coefficient de dilatation afin d'assurer un serrage approprié et durable au cours du fonctionnement de 1 enceinte pendant lequel la température du dispositif de fermeture varie. Il faut en outre que les surfaces des cônes soient usinées avec soin, et en particulier qu'elles ne présentent pas de rayures longitudinales. Bien entendu, il est nécessaire que les contraintes de serrage restent dans le domaine de la limite élastique du métal utilisé pour la température de service prévue.It is necessary that the two cones are made with the same metal or with metals having the same coefficient of expansion in order to ensure an appropriate and lasting tightening during the operation of 1 enclosure during which the temperature of the closure device varies. It is also necessary that the surfaces of the cones are machined with care, and in particular that they have no longitudinal scratches. Of course, it is necessary that the tightening stresses remain in the range of the elastic limit of the metal used for the expected operating temperature.

La portée conique mâle peut être réalisée indifféremment sur le bouchon ou sur l'ouverture, ce qui donne plusieurs variantes de réalisation du dispositif de l'invention.The male conical bearing can be produced either on the plug or on the opening, which gives several alternative embodiments of the device of the invention.

Au cas où la longueur de la portée est importante relativement au diamètre, on peut, selon une caractéristique de l'invention, fractionner les portées coniques du bouchon et de l'ouverture en une pluralité de cônes raccordés de même conicité. Cela permet d'introduire et d'extraire le bouchon sans nécessiter une dilatation exagérément importante de la virole.In the case where the length of the bearing surface is large relative to the diameter, it is possible, according to a characteristic of the invention, to split the conical bearing surfaces of the plug and of the opening into a plurality of connected cones of the same conicity. This allows the plug to be inserted and removed without requiring an excessively large expansion of the shell.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparai- tront encore à la lecture de la description qui suit de plusieurs exemples de réalisation donnés à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'une première variante de réalisation ;
  • - la figure 2 représente une deuxième variante de réalisation ;
  • - les figures 3a et 3b représentent deux autres variantes du dispositif de fermeture de l'invention, dans lesquelles la portée conique femelle a été réalisée dans le bouchon ;
  • - la figure 4a représente un montage pour l'usinage, à partir d'une virole étalon, de la collerette limitant la pénétration des cônes à la valeur correspondant au serrage désiré.
  • - La figure 4b représente un montage pour l'usinage de la portée annulaire, à partir d'un tronc de cône étalon, de façon à limiter la pénétration du bouchon à la valeur correspondant au serrage désiré.
  • - La figure 5 représente un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention qui comporte deux bouchons à conicités inversées ;
  • - la figure 6 représente un troisième mode de réalisation dans lequel les portées coniques ont été fractionnées ;
  • - la figure 7 représente une variante de réalisation de ce troisième mode de réalisation.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of several exemplary embodiments given by way of indication and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a sectional view of a first alternative embodiment;
  • - Figure 2 shows a second alternative embodiment;
  • - Figures 3a and 3b show two other variants of the closure device of the invention, in which the female conical bearing has been produced in the plug;
  • - Figure 4a shows an assembly for machining, from a standard ferrule, the flange limiting the penetration of the cones to the value corresponding to the desired tightening.
  • - Figure 4b shows an assembly for the machining of the annular bearing, from a standard truncated cone, so as to limit the penetration of the plug to the value corresponding to the desired tightening.
  • - Figure 5 shows a second embodiment of the in vention which includes two caps with inverted conicities;
  • - Figure 6 shows a third embodiment in which the conical bearing surfaces have been split;
  • - Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of this third embodiment.

Sur la figure 1, la référence 2 désigne la paroi d'une enceinte étanche. Cette enceinte étanche peut ête fixe ou mobile. Il peut s'agir par exemple d'un conteneur placé dans un chateau de transport servant à acheminer les assemblages combustibles irradiés du réacteur nucléaire jusqu'à l'usine de retraitement.In FIG. 1, the reference 2 designates the wall of a sealed enclosure. This waterproof enclosure can be fixed or mobile. It may for example be a container placed in a transport castle used to transport the irradiated fuel assemblies from the nuclear reactor to the reprocessing plant.

Une enceinte de ce type doit comporter un dispositif de fermeture répondant à des exigences de sécurité et d'étanchéité très strictes. Ce dispositif doit être capable de supporter une température et une pression élevées.An enclosure of this type must include a closure device meeting very strict safety and sealing requirements. This device must be capable of withstanding high temperature and pressure.

Le dispositif de fermeture de l'invention représenté sur la figure 1 fait appel aux propriétés de serrage des cônes mâle-femelle de faible pente. Le dispositif de fermeture se compose de deux parties : une virole 4 solidaire de la paroi de l'enceinte étanche qui délimite une ouverture 6 qui permet d'accéder à l'intérieur de l'enceinte. L'ouverture 6 est obturée par un bouchon 8 introduit à l'intérieur de la virole 4. Des portées coniques de faible conicité sont réalisées sur la virole 8 et sur le bouchon. Dans la variante représentée sur la figure 1, une portée conique femelle a été réalisée dans la virole, tandis que le bouchon 8 comporte une portée conique mâme complémentaire. Bien entendu, d'autres combinaisons sont possibles, comme on le décrira par la suite.The closure device of the invention shown in Figure 1 uses the tightening properties of the male-female cones of slight slope. The closing device is made up of two parts: a ferrule 4 secured to the wall of the sealed enclosure which delimits an opening 6 which gives access to the interior of the enclosure. The opening 6 is closed by a plug 8 inserted inside the shell 4. Tapered surfaces of low taper are produced on the shell 8 and on the plug. In the variant shown in FIG. 1, a female conical bearing has been produced in the shell, while the plug 8 has a complementary male conical bearing. Of course, other combinations are possible, as will be described later.

La fermeture de l'enceinte étanche au moyen du dispositif de l'invention représenté sur la figure 1 est obtenue de la manière suivante. On chauffe la virole 4, ce qui a pour effet de la dilater et d'augmenter le diamètre de la portée conique femelle 4a jusqu'à la position 4'a représentée en trait interrompu. Il est alors possible d'introduire sans difficulté le bouchon 8 à l'intérieur de la virole 4. La virole refroidit, ce qui a pour effet de la contracter et donc d'obtenir l'effet de serrage recherché. On réalise ainsi une fermeture étanche et présentant une bonne résistance mécanique.The closure of the sealed enclosure by means of the device of the invention shown in Figure 1 is obtained in the following manner. The ferrule 4 is heated, which has the effect of expanding it and increasing the diameter of the female conical bearing 4a to the position 4'a shown in broken lines. It is then possible to introduce without difficulty the plug 8 inside the shell 4. The shell cools, which has the effect of contracting it and therefore of obtaining the desired tightening effect. This provides a tight seal and having good mechanical strength.

Il est possible également, au lieu de chauffer la virole 4, de refroidir le bouchon 8. Ceci peut être obtenu par refroidissement au moyen de gaz liquéfié introduit par la canalisation 10 à l'intérieur de la cavité 12 pratiquée dans le bouchon 8.It is also possible, instead of heating the shell 4, to cool the plug 8. This can be obtained by cooling by means of liquefied gas introduced by the pipe 10 inside the cavity 12 formed in the plug 8.

On peut également, si les dimensions du bouchon le nécessitent, refroidir le bouchon en même temps qu'on dilate la virole 4.It is also possible, if the dimensions of the stopper so require, to cool the stopper at the same time as the shell 4 expands.

L'enlèvement du bouchon s'effectue de manière inverse soit en chauffant la virole 4, soit en refroidissant le bouchon 8 pour le contracter au moyen de gaz liquéfié ou par tout autre moyen analogue.The plug is removed in reverse, either by heating the ferrule 4, or by cooling the plug 8 to contract it by means of liquefied gas or by any other similar means.

Le bouchon 8 comporte un logement 8b pour une tête de préhension 14 qui permet de la manipuler commodément et à disrsnce.The plug 8 has a housing 8b for a gripping head 14 which allows it to be handled conveniently and at a distance.

Le positionnement du bouchon 8 par rapport à la virole 4 peut être obtenu facilement au moyen d'une collerette 8c du bouchon venant en appui sur une portée annulaire 4c de la virole. Lorsque les deux pièces sont dans cette position au moment où l'on a provoqué une dilatation relative suffisante, on est assuré que l'enfoncement du bouchon est tel que l'on a entre les deux portées coniques 4a et 8a un jeu de montage et que le serrage, une fois l'équilibre thermique des deux pièces atteint, assurera une étanchéité satisfaisante et une résistance à l'arrachement suffisantes, sans- dépasser la limite élastique du métal. Cela permet la fermeture de l'enceinte sans avoir à se soucier de maitriser de manière tout à fait précise la différence de température entre le bouchon et la virole 4.The positioning of the plug 8 relative to the ferrule 4 can be easily obtained by means of a flange 8c of the plug coming to bear on an annular bearing 4c of the ferrule. When the two parts are in this position when a sufficient relative expansion has been caused, it is ensured that the insertion of the plug is such that there is between the two conical surfaces 4a and 8a an assembly clearance and that the tightening, once the thermal equilibrium of the two parts has been reached, will ensure satisfactory sealing and sufficient resistance to tearing, without exceeding the elastic limit of the metal. This allows the enclosure to be closed without having to worry about controlling the temperature difference between the cap and the shell 4 in a completely precise manner.

Dans le cas où les conditions géométriques n'autorisent pas la présence d'une collerette, le positionnement précis, en translation, du bouchon peut être assuré par le mécanisme de mise en place de celui-ci à l'aide d'une butée, réglable ou non, venant en contact de la portée plane de la virole, ou encore par contrôle précis de la course de ce mécanisme. Si nécessaire, la variation de cette course permet d'assurer des fermetures avec des serrages de valeur variable.In the case where the geometrical conditions do not allow the presence of a flange, the precise positioning, in translation, of the plug can be ensured by the mechanism for positioning the latter using a stop, adjustable or not, coming into contact with the plane surface of the ferrule, or even by precise control of the travel of this mechanism. If necessary, the variation of this stroke makes it possible to ensure closings with tightenings of variable value.

On a représenté sur la figure 2 une variante de réalisation du dispositif de la figure 1. Dans cette variante, la virole 4 comporte une portée conique femelle et le bouchon une portée conique mâle. Cependant, la pente du cône a été inversée. La portée conique femelle 4a va en s'évasant vers l'intérieur de l'enceinte. Il est évident que dans ce cas, il est nécessaire de dilater davantage la virole 4 pour introduire le bouchon, puisqu'il faut que le plus petit diamètre de la portée conique 4a devienne supérieur, au moment de l'introduction du bouchon, au plus grand diamètre de la portée conique mâle 8a.There is shown in Figure 2 an alternative embodiment of the device of Figure 1. In this variant, the shell 4 has a female conical bearing and the plug a male conical bearing. However, the slope of the cone has been reversed. The female conical bearing 4a widens towards the inside of the enclosure. It is obvious that in this case, it is necessary to further dilate the ferrule 4 to introduce the plug, since the smallest diameter of the conical seat 4a must become greater, at the time of the introduction of the plug, at most large diameter of the male conical bearing 8a.

Comme dans le cas précédent, le bouchon 8 peut comporter une collerette 8c qui vient en contact au moment du serrage avec une portée annulaire 4c de la virole 4, ce qui permet d'obtenir un serrage précis sans avoir à se soucier de maîtriser précisément la différence de température entre la virole et le bouchon.As in the previous case, the plug 8 may include a flange 8c which comes into contact at the time of tightening with an annular surface 4c of the ferrule 4, which makes it possible to obtain a precise tightening without having to worry about precisely controlling the temperature difference between the ferrule and the cap.

On a représenté sur les figures 3a et 3b deux autres variantes de réalisation d'un dispositif de fermeture étanche pour une enceinte. Dans ces deux variantes, c'est le bouchon 8 qui comporte une portée conique femelle dans laquelle est reçue la virole. Dans le cas de la figure 3a, le diamètre de la portée conique femelle va en se rétrécissant vers le fond du bouchon. Cette-réalisation peut être comparée à celle de la figure 1.There are shown in Figures 3a and 3b two other alternative embodiments of a sealed closure device for an enclosure. In these two variants, it is the plug 8 which has a female conical bearing in which the ferrule is received. In the case of FIG. 3a, the diameter of the female conical bearing tapers towards the bottom of the plug. This embodiment can be compared to that of FIG. 1.

Dans le cas de la réalisation de la figure 3b, au contraire, le diamètre de la portée conique femelle va en augmentant vers le fond du bouchon. Cette réalisation peut être comparée à celle de la variante de la figure 2.In the case of the embodiment of FIG. 3b, on the contrary, the diameter of the female conical bearing is increasing towards the bottom of the plug. This embodiment can be compared to that of the variant in FIG. 2.

Le montage et le démontage du bouchon 8 s'effectuant de manière similaire à ceux du bouchon des figures 1 et 2. On note également la présence d'une portée annulaire 4c qui, dans ces modes de réalisation, se présen- . te sous la forme d'un épaulement de la virole 4. La portée annulaire 4c coopère avec le rebord 8c du bouchon 8 (figures 3a et 3b) pour arrêter en translation le bouchon par rapport à la virole et obtenir comme expliqué précédemment un serrage convenable des deux pièces une fois l'équilibre des températures obtenu.The assembly and disassembly of the plug 8 is carried out in a similar manner to that of the plug of Figures 1 and 2. We also note the presence of an annular bearing 4c which, in these embodiments, occurs. te in the form of a shoulder of the ferrule 4. The annular bearing 4c cooperates with the flange 8c of the plug 8 (Figures 3a and 3b) to stop in translation the plug relative to the ferrule and obtain as explained above a suitable tightening of the two parts once the temperature balance has been obtained.

On a représenté sur la figure 4a un montage pour l'usinage d'un bouchon 8, et en particulier pour le calibrage de la collerette 8c qui permet le positionnement du bouchon par rapport à la virole au moment du montage. Comme c'est le serrage des deux pièces constituant le dispositif de fermeture de l'enceinte qui détermine l'étanchéité et la résistance mécanique de cette fermeture, il s'agit d'un paramètre important. Il est donc souhaitable que ce serrage puisse être maitrisé aussi précisément que possible. En raison de la faible conicité ceci peut être réalisé par une tolérance de valeur habituelle sur la cote de pénétration des portées coniques mâle et femelle. Le montage d'usinage représenté sur la figure 4a permet d'obtenir par usinage de la collerette, la précision requise pour le serrage.FIG. 4a shows an assembly for machining a plug 8, and in particular for calibrating the flange 8c which allows the positioning of the plug relative to the shell at the time of assembly. As it is the tightening of the two parts constituting the enclosure closure device which determines the tightness and the mechanical strength of this closure, this is an important parameter. It is therefore desirable that this tightening can be controlled as precisely as possible. Due to the low taper this can be achieved by a usual value tolerance on the penetration dimension of the male and female tapered seats. The machining assembly shown in FIG. 4a makes it possible to obtain the precision required for tightening by machining the flange.

Sur cette figure, la référence 16 désigne les mors d'un tour dans lequel le bouchon 8 est serré. Une virole étalon 18 est alors présentée sur le bouchon 8 et fixée sur celui-ci.In this figure, the reference 16 designates the jaws of a lathe in which the plug 8 is tightened. A standard ferrule 18 is then presented on the plug 8 and fixed thereon.

Un outil de dressage 30 comportant un galet, est alors amené en appui sur la face 10 de la virole étalon. L'avance de l'outil assure le calibrage de la collerette du bouchon.A dressing tool 30 comprising a roller, is then brought to bear on the face 10 of the standard ferrule. The tool advance ensures the calibration of the cap flange.

La figure 4b montre le calibrage de la portée annulaire 4c de la virole 4 par la mise en place d'un bouchon étalon 20 présentant une face 20a pour l'appui d'un galet solidaire de l'outil de dressage 30.FIG. 4b shows the calibration of the annular surface 4c of the shell 4 by the installation of a standard plug 20 having a face 20a for supporting a roller integral with the dressing tool 30.

Cette façon de procéder, pour le calibrage des bouchons et viroles, à l'aide de pièces étalons autorise l'usinage des portées coniques avec des tolérances diamétrales assez larges, le calibrage assurant l'interchangeabilité et évitant l'appairage bouchon-virole, tout en assurant une grande précision sur la valeur du serrage.This way of proceeding, for the calibration of caps and ferrules, using standard parts authorizes the machining of the conical surfaces with fairly wide diametrical tolerances, the calibration ensuring interchangeability and avoiding the pairing cap-ferrule, all ensuring high precision on the tightening value.

On a représenté sur la figure 5 un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de fermeture de l'invention. Ce dispositif comporte deux bouchons disposés l'un derrière l'autre. On réalise ainsi une étanchéité primaire au moyen du bouchon 8' et une étanchéité secondaire au moyen du bouchon 8". Dans la variante représentée sur la figure 5, le diamètre de la portée conique du bouchon 8' va en augmentant lorsqu'on s'éloigne de la collerette 8'c, ce qui assure une très grande résistance de ce bouchon au déplacement axial, par exemple sous l'effet de chocs provenant par exemple de pièces contenues à l'intérieur de l'enceinte pendant le transport.FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of a closure device of the invention. This device comprises two plugs arranged one behind the other. This produces a primary seal by means of the plug 8 'and a secondary seal by means of the plug 8 ". In the variant shown in FIG. 5, the diameter of the conical surface of the plug 8' increases with increasing movement. moves away from the flange 8'c, which ensures a very high resistance of this plug to axial displacement, for example under the effect of shocks coming for example from parts contained inside the enclosure during transport.

On a représenté sur la figure 6 un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention. Dans ce mode de réalisation, les portées coniques tant mâle que femelle ont été fractionnées en plusieurs portées coniques 41' 42, 43 etc pour la virole 4 et 81, 82, 83 etc. pour le bouchon 8. Deux portées coniques consécutives sont séparées par un talon. Ainsi, entre les portées coniques 41 et 42, on trouve le talon 31, et entre les portées coniques 81 et 82, on trouve le talon 32.FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the conical bearings, both male and female, have been divided into several conical bearings 4 1 '4 2 , 4 3 etc for the ferrule 4 and 8 1 , 8 2 , 83 etc. for plug 8. Two consecutive conical bearing surfaces are separated by a heel. Thus, between the conical surfaces 4 1 and 4 2 , there is the heel 31, and between the conical surfaces 8 1 and 8 2 , there is the heel 32.

Ce mode de réalisation présente l'avantage de permettre une longueur 1 importante des portées coniques par rapport au diamètre 34 de l'ouverture. Ainsi, le bouchon est plus facile à mettre en place et à retirer tout en assurant une meilleure étanchéité et une meilleure résistance mécanique. En outre, les talons 31 et 32 ont un rôle de sécurité. Ils retiennent le bouchon en place au cas où il viendrait à se déplacer, par exemple sous l'effet d'un choc venant de l'intérieur de l'enceinte et dirigé vers l'extérieur.This embodiment has the advantage of allowing a large length 1 of the conical bearing surfaces relative to the diameter 34 of the opening. Thus, the plug is easier to set up and remove while ensuring a better seal and better mechanical resistance. In addition, heels 31 and 32 have a safety role. They hold the plug in place in case it comes to move, for example under the effect of a shock coming from inside the enclosure and directed towards the outside.

On a représenté sur la figure 7 une variante du mode de réalisation de la figure 6 qui comporte également des portées coniques qui ont été fractionnées en plusieurs portées coniques. Ce mode de réalisation correspond au cas d'un cône inverse. Il présente les mêmes avantages que le mode de réalisation de la figure 6. En outre, dans ce cas du cône inverse, le fait de réduire le rapport de la longueur des portées par rapport au diamètre de l'ouverture comporte un bénéfice plus important puisque, comme on l'a dit précédemment, il est nécessaire de dilater la collerette ou de contracter davantage le bouchon pour introduire l'un dans l'autre en raison de la conicité inverse.There is shown in Figure 7 a variant of the embodiment of Figure 6 which also includes tapered bearings which have been divided into several conical bearings. This embodiment corresponds to the case of a reverse cone. It has the same advantages as the embodiment of FIG. 6. In addition, in this case of the reverse cone, the fact of reducing the ratio of the length of the spans relative to the diameter of the opening has a greater benefit since , as mentioned above, it is necessary to dilate the flange or con further pull the plug to insert into each other due to the reverse taper.

Dans le cas du mode de réalisation de la figure 7, les talons ne jouent pas un rôle de sécurité comme c'est le cas dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 6, mais ce sont les portées coniques elles-mêmes qui jouent ce rôle car la conici:é inverse assure une meilleure immobilisation en translation du bouchon par rapport à la virole.In the case of the embodiment of Figure 7, the heels do not play a safety role as is the case in the embodiment of Figure 6, but it is the tapered seats themselves which play this role because the reverse conici: é ensures better immobilization in translation of the plug relative to the ferrule.

Les avantages de l'invention qui vient d'être décrite sont les suivants : elle permet, particulièrement dans le cas du cône droit, une introduction aisée du bouchon dans la virole au moment du montage. Elle permet d'assurer un serrage déterminé sans nécessiter une grande précision sur la différence de température entre les pièces au moment du montage, grâce à la présence d'une collerette et d'une portée annulaire qui permet de repérer la position axiale des deux pièces l'une par rapport à l'autre. On assure ainsi la reproductibilité du serrage sans exigences particulières en ce qui concerne la précision des usinages des portées coniques. Pour la construction d'une série de dispositifs de fermeture, il n'est pas nécessaire d'apairer les cônes.The advantages of the invention which has just been described are as follows: it allows, particularly in the case of the right cone, easy introduction of the plug into the shell at the time of assembly. It ensures a determined tightening without requiring great precision on the temperature difference between the parts at the time of assembly, thanks to the presence of a flange and an annular bearing which makes it possible to identify the axial position of the two parts. one in relation to the other. This ensures the reproducibility of the tightening without special requirements as regards the precision of the machining of the conical bearings. For the construction of a series of closing devices, it is not necessary to pair the cones.

Claims (6)

1. Procédé de fermeture étanche par un bouchon, d'une enceinte comportant une ouverture,
caractérisé par le fait qu'on utilise un bouchon (8) et une ouverture (6) de même faible conicité et par le fait que successivement : a - on produit un déséquilibre thermique, entre le bouchon et les parois de l'ouverture pour provoquer une dilatation relative de l'ouverture par rapport au bouchon, b - on introduit le bouchon dans l'ouverture jusqu'à une position axiale prédéterminée correspondant, après retour à l'équilibre thermique, à un serrage prédéterminé, c - on rétablit l'équilibre thermique entre le bouchon et l'ouverture, l'extraction du bouchon étant obtenue en produisant une nouvelle dilatation relative entre le bouchon et l'ouverture. 1. A method of sealingly closing, by a plug, an enclosure comprising an opening,
characterized by the fact that a plug (8) and an opening (6) with the same low taper are used and by the fact that successively: a - a thermal imbalance is produced between the plug and the walls of the opening to cause a relative expansion of the opening relative to the plug, b - the plug is introduced into the opening up to a predetermined axial position corresponding, after return to thermal equilibrium, to a predetermined tightening, c - the thermal equilibrium between the plug and the opening is restored, the extraction of the plug being obtained by producing a new relative expansion between the plug and the opening. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé par le fait que la position axiale du bouchon (8) dans l'ouverture (6) est prédéterminée par réglage d'une butée axiale entre le bouchon et l'ouverture.2. Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the axial position of the plug (8) in the opening (6) is predetermined by adjusting an axial stop between the plug and the opening. 3. Procédé selon la revendication 2,
caractérisé par le fait que le réglage de la butée est réalisé par usinage axial d'une collerette (8c).3. Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that the adjustment of the stop is achieved by axial machining of a flange (8c). 4. Dispositif pour une fermeture étanche selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé par le fait que le bouchon (8) et les parois de l'ouverture (6) sont en matériaux de coefficient de dilatation sensiblement égaux.4. Device for a tight closure according to claim 1,
characterized in that the plug (8) and the walls of the opening (6) are made of materials of substantially equal coefficient of expansion. 5. Dispositif pour une fermeture étanche selon la revendication 2,
caractérisé par le fait que le bouchon (8) et les parois de l'ouverture (6) comportent les éléments d'une butée axiale constituée par une collerette (8c) formée sur l'une des pièces et par une portée annulaire (4c) conjuguée formée sur l'autre pièce.5. Device for a tight closure according to claim 2,
characterized by the fact that the plug (8) and the walls of the opening (6) comprise the elements of an axial stop constituted by a flange (8c) formed on one of the parts and by an annular bearing (4c) conjugate formed on the other piece. 6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé par le fait que les portées coniques (4a, 8a) du bouchon et de l'ouverture sont fractionnés en une pluralité de cônes de même conicité.6. Device according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the conical surfaces (4a, 8a) of the plug and the opening are divided into a plurality of cones of the same conicity.
EP19830401567 1982-08-06 1983-07-28 Method for tightly sealing an arrangement of a container and plug by heat shrinking of two conical bearing surfaces and arrangement container-plug designed for carrying out this method Expired EP0101362B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8213752A FR2531404B1 (en) 1982-08-06 1982-08-06 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SEALING A SEALED CONTAINER BY TWO CONICAL SPACES
FR8213752 1982-08-06

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EP0101362A1 true EP0101362A1 (en) 1984-02-22
EP0101362B1 EP0101362B1 (en) 1986-12-03

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EP19830401567 Expired EP0101362B1 (en) 1982-08-06 1983-07-28 Method for tightly sealing an arrangement of a container and plug by heat shrinking of two conical bearing surfaces and arrangement container-plug designed for carrying out this method

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EP (1) EP0101362B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0676834B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3368142D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2531404B1 (en)

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EP0169440A2 (en) * 1984-07-24 1986-01-29 STEAG Kernenergie GmbH Closing method for a radioactive-material container, and container for carrying out this method
FR2715762A1 (en) * 1994-02-01 1995-08-04 Transnucleaire Device for fixing the bottom of a transport and / or storage container for radioactive materials.
WO1997039456A1 (en) * 1996-04-12 1997-10-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Canister for a bundle of nuclear reactor fuel rods
FR2801133A1 (en) * 1999-11-15 2001-05-18 Sogefibre Radioactive or toxic waste container has plug or lid with truncated conical section sealed with binding agent
US6628198B2 (en) 2001-02-15 2003-09-30 International Business Machines Corporation Security system for preventing a personal computer from being stolen or used by unauthorized people
WO2009144256A1 (en) * 2008-05-27 2009-12-03 Areva Nc Container for packaging nuclear waste with force-fitted lid a force
CN110270828A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-09-24 合肥秋力鸣家具有限公司 A kind of device for hooping

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CN102953862B (en) * 2011-08-29 2015-07-01 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Sealing method and sealing device of circular hole of engine
CN104137187B (en) * 2012-01-26 2017-07-07 阿海珐有限公司 For airtightly apparatus and method of encapsulated fuel rod or fuel rod section in a reservoir

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0169440A2 (en) * 1984-07-24 1986-01-29 STEAG Kernenergie GmbH Closing method for a radioactive-material container, and container for carrying out this method
EP0169440B1 (en) * 1984-07-24 1991-10-30 STEAG Kernenergie GmbH Closing method for a radioactive-material container, and container for carrying out this method
FR2715762A1 (en) * 1994-02-01 1995-08-04 Transnucleaire Device for fixing the bottom of a transport and / or storage container for radioactive materials.
WO1995021449A1 (en) * 1994-02-01 1995-08-10 Transnucleaire Device for securing the base of a container for the transport and or storage of radioactive materials
US5567952A (en) * 1994-02-01 1996-10-22 Transnucleaire Fixing means for the base of a radioactive material transport and/or storage container
WO1997039456A1 (en) * 1996-04-12 1997-10-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Canister for a bundle of nuclear reactor fuel rods
FR2801133A1 (en) * 1999-11-15 2001-05-18 Sogefibre Radioactive or toxic waste container has plug or lid with truncated conical section sealed with binding agent
US6628198B2 (en) 2001-02-15 2003-09-30 International Business Machines Corporation Security system for preventing a personal computer from being stolen or used by unauthorized people
WO2009144256A1 (en) * 2008-05-27 2009-12-03 Areva Nc Container for packaging nuclear waste with force-fitted lid a force
FR2931992A1 (en) * 2008-05-27 2009-12-04 Acb SHAPED CONTAINER FOR STABILIZING AND CONFINING SOLID RADIOACTIVE WASTE, ESPECIALLY COMPRESSED WALES
US20110077449A1 (en) * 2008-05-27 2011-03-31 Areva Nc Container for packaging nuclear waste with force-fitted lid
US8923470B2 (en) 2008-05-27 2014-12-30 Areva Nc Container for packaging nuclear waste with force-fitted lid
CN110270828A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-09-24 合肥秋力鸣家具有限公司 A kind of device for hooping
CN110270828B (en) * 2019-06-27 2020-08-04 安徽玄同机电科技有限公司 Clamp device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0101362B1 (en) 1986-12-03
DE3368142D1 (en) 1987-01-15
FR2531404B1 (en) 1986-06-06
JPH0676834B2 (en) 1994-09-28
JPS59131066A (en) 1984-07-27
FR2531404A1 (en) 1984-02-10

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