EP0096639B1 - Marteau de forage - Google Patents

Marteau de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0096639B1
EP0096639B1 EP83401138A EP83401138A EP0096639B1 EP 0096639 B1 EP0096639 B1 EP 0096639B1 EP 83401138 A EP83401138 A EP 83401138A EP 83401138 A EP83401138 A EP 83401138A EP 0096639 B1 EP0096639 B1 EP 0096639B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
piston
air
hammer
compressed air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83401138A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0096639A1 (fr
Inventor
Marcel Techy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stenuick Freres SA
Original Assignee
Stenuick Freres SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stenuick Freres SA filed Critical Stenuick Freres SA
Priority to AT83401138T priority Critical patent/ATE18284T1/de
Publication of EP0096639A1 publication Critical patent/EP0096639A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0096639B1 publication Critical patent/EP0096639B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/12—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using drilling pipes with plural fluid passages, e.g. closed circulation systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drilling hammer, and more particularly a hammer of the "down-the-hole” type, that is to say intended to work at the very bottom of the hole that is being drilled.
  • Such devices usually operate with compressed air, and are arranged at the end of a set of tubes which serve both to transmit the compressed operating air as well as the thrust and the general rotational movement to regularize the action of the hole cutter at the bottom of the hole.
  • Pneumatic hammers intended to work at the bottom of the hole generally comprise a tubular body supplied with compressed air, a distribution mechanism, a striking piston, and a cutting edge receiving the impacts of the striking piston to transmit them to the rock.
  • the striking piston is movable in a cylinder formed by an inner jacket, and longitudinal passages are provided between the jacket and the interior wall of the hammer body to bring the compressed air acting on the piston, other passages serving for the air escaping after its action on either side of the striking piston.
  • Document FR-A-2044939 describes such an apparatus.
  • the present invention allows a significant reduction in these costs, and makes it possible both to increase the drilling power and to reduce the energy consumption.
  • the invention therefore relates to a drilling hammer of the "bottom of hole” type, comprising a tubular body supplied with compressed air and carrying a perforating cutter, and in which an inner jacket forms a cylinder where a striking piston is set in motion. back and forth by a mechanism for distributing compressed air alternately in the lower chamber of the cylinder in which the tail of the cutter projects, and in the upper chamber of the cylinder opposite to the cutter, with the exhaust alternately of the upper bedroom and lower bedroom.
  • the hammer further comprises a device controlled by the compressed air supply, to cause injection of diesel fuel into the upper chamber of the cylinder, with a mechanism for triggering the injection during the ascent phase of the piston. corresponding to an additional compression of the supply air of the upper chamber, so as to cause an internal combustion of the mixture of air and diesel to violently project the piston towards the cutting edge.
  • the mechanism for triggering the injection of diesel is controlled by the deformation of an elastic membrane forming a wall of an auxiliary chamber supplied with compressed air at the same time as the upper chamber of the cylinder. .
  • the main body 1 of the hammer is screwed at its lower part onto an end piece 2 in which slides the grooved tail of the perforating cutter 3.
  • the tail of the cutter is stopped in rotation relative to the body, and limited in axial displacement, by a tangential key 4 which bears on a clearance 5 of the tail.
  • An internal jacket 7 internally doubles the body 1 over almost its entire length. It forms two opposite sheaths, each open towards one end of the body, and separated by a solid core 6. At its lower part the sheath 7 is supported on a spacer ring 8 of generally conical shape, pierced with radial orifices 9, and which is itself supported on the end piece 2. The upper part of the sleeve 7 is in abutment on the end piece connection 13 screwed onto the body 1. By its other end the end piece 13 receives the usual pieces of connection with the tubes and the supply and actuation rods of the hammer.
  • the part 15 which covers the end of the end piece 13 is screwed onto a hollow piston 18, the grooved lower part of which 19 allows axial sliding without rotation in a grooved part conjugated inside the end piece 13; the assembly 15-18 can thus slide on the end piece 13.
  • the vertical thrust on the hammer is therefore transmitted to the end piece 13 by compression of the pads 20, and the rotational movement by the splines 19.
  • the lifting force is transmitted to the end piece 13 by the grooves of the piston 18 which rise up to come into abutment on the shoulder 21 which ends the grooves of the end piece .
  • the lower part of the piston 18 is secured by radial ribs 23 with a tubular piece 24 screwed into a piston 25.
  • the piston 25 is thus secured to the piston 18, and can therefore move inside the sheath 7 or inside it. inside the bore which extends it into the end piece 13, depending on whether the hammer is pressed or raised.
  • the piston 25 is crossed by the conduits 26.
  • the end of the central tube 17 is engaged in the central bore of the tubular part 24; at its other end, the central bore receives a hollow needle 28 which terminates in a sprayer 29 blocked in the central core 6 of the jacket 7.
  • the arrangement of the internal conduits of the needle 28 will be described later with reference to FIG. 7
  • the fixed tube 17 and the fixed needle 28 thus communicate via the chamber 30 inside the part 24.
  • the fixed needle 28 passes through the block 33 which is also fixed in the upper sheath 7.
  • the block 33 contains a piston distributor device which is here only represented by the silhouette in phantom 34, and which will be described in more detail later. with regard to FIG. 7. This device is controlled by the displacement of a core 35 which forms the center of a flexible membrane 36 embedded by its periphery in the block 33.
  • the sleeve 7 serves as a guide for the sliding striking piston 38 which can move freely between a low position as shown in FIG. 1 where it is in contact with the end of the tail of the cutter, and a high position as will be seen later in the description of the operation of the device.
  • the striker 38 has a circular groove 39.
  • the sealing segments 40 are provided in its upper part.
  • the outer surface of the jacket 7 has five series of longitudinal grooves; to simplify the drawings, only one groove of each type has been shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a first series of grooves 41 communicates the orifices 42 which open out between the block 33 and the piston 25, and the orifices 43 which open out in the middle position in the lower chamber formed by the sheath 7.
  • a second series of grooves 44 communicates the orifices 45 and 46 which open one and the other inside the lower part of the sheath 7.
  • a third series of grooves 48 lead to the annular chamber 49 surrounding the lower ring 8; the orifices 50 and 51 pass through the wall of the lower part of the sheath 7 and open into these grooves 48; the orifices 52 which pass through the upper wall of the jacket 7 are normally closed when the piston 25 is in the low position as shown in the figure.
  • a fourth series of grooves 54 connects the orifices 55 and 56 which open respectively in the lower chamber 71 of the sleeve 7 and in its upper chamber 72, between the core 6 and the mambrane 36.
  • the groove 54 also includes a small orifice 57 which opens into the upper part of the sleeve 7.
  • the chamber 49, around the ring 8 communicates with the outside of the hammer by the conduits 9, by the clearances between the grooves of the cutting edge and the conjugate grooves of the end piece 2, and by the chamber 59 which communicates with the exterior by the exhaust ducts 60.
  • the fifth series of grooves 58 emerge like the grooves 48 in the chamber 49 and therefore also communicate with the outside.
  • the grooves 58 each communicate through an orifice 74 with a calibrated channel 75 drilled in the part 25 and opening into one of the channels 26.
  • the latter consists of an axial housing 62 in which slides an annular piston 63 surrounding the needle 28.
  • the piston 63 comprises a internal recess 64 which communicates with the housing 62 by channels 65.
  • a channel 66 opens on the one hand into the chamber 30 and on the other hand into the periphery of the needle, at the recess 64 of the piston 63.
  • Another channel 67 starts from the periphery of the needle, at the level of the upper part of the housing 62 and ends at the orifice of the sprayer 29.
  • a calibrated valve 68 is placed on the channel 67.
  • the central tube_17 is supplied from the surface by diesel which, through the chamber 30, the channel 66, the chamber 64 and the channels 65, fills the chamber 62 of the distributor. Diesel also passes through channel 67, but in the normal position shown felt for example in FIGS. 1 and 7, it is prevented from flowing further by the calibrated valve 68.
  • the annular duct 16 is supplied from the surface with compressed air at low pressure, for example at 6 bars.
  • FIG. 3 as in FIG. 1 above, the striking piston 38 is shown in the low position, just after its impact on the tail of the cutter. In this position the compressed air coming from the conduit 16 fills the chamber located above the piston 25, and by the conduits 26 and the orifices 42 reaches the grooves 41. By the orifices 43, the groove 39 and the orifices 45 l compressed air also fills the grooves 44, and from there through the orifices 46 leads to the lower chamber 70 under the striker 38. The pressure in the lower chamber 70 causes the striker 38 to rise without any reaction other than its own weight because the upper chamber 71 then communicates freely with the exhaust outside the hammer through the orifices 51, the grooves 48 and the annular chamber 49.
  • the striking piston 38 will continue its upward stroke, and when it reaches the position shown in FIG. 5, the closing of the orifices 43 stops the supply of compressed air both to the chamber 71 and in the chamber 72.
  • the groove 39 which then puts the orifices 55 and 51 into communication makes the chamber 72 exhaust.
  • the pressure drop in this chamber 72 brings the membrane 36 and the piston 63 back to their rest positions , which causes the spraying of diesel fuel to stop in chamber 71.
  • the striker 38 first closes the exhaust 50 from the chamber 70, then puts to the exhaust the chamber 71, the burnt gases of which are evacuated through the orifices 51: then the compressed air is at again brought into the chamber 70 when the groove 39 makes the orifices 43 and 45 communicate again, and the cycle can start again.
  • a first direct cooling is achieved by a continuous circulation of fresh air in the grooves 58 directly supplied by the channels 26 and 75 and the orifices 74; the section of the channels 75 is determined so as to divert only part of the compressed air supplying the hammer generally, and so as not to cause the pressure in the grooves 41 to drop substantially, which must in turn supply the grooves 44 and 54.
  • the chamber 71 is further cooled by the fresh air circulating in the grooves 44, air which is renewed at each cycle mainly to supply the lower chamber 70.
  • the body 1 of the hammer also participates in cooling the chamber 71 by direct contact of the outer wall of the jacket 7 with the lower wall of the body 1 in all the zones separating the various longitudinal grooves; such a contact area is visible in Figure 2.
  • the body 1 is itself cooled externally by the exhaust air from the lower channels 60, and which rises in the hole along the body.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
EP83401138A 1982-06-04 1983-06-03 Marteau de forage Expired EP0096639B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83401138T ATE18284T1 (de) 1982-06-04 1983-06-03 Schlaghammer.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8209774A FR2528104A1 (fr) 1982-06-04 1982-06-04 Marteau de forage
FR8209774 1982-06-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0096639A1 EP0096639A1 (fr) 1983-12-21
EP0096639B1 true EP0096639B1 (fr) 1986-02-26

Family

ID=9274651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83401138A Expired EP0096639B1 (fr) 1982-06-04 1983-06-03 Marteau de forage

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4583601A ( )
EP (1) EP0096639B1 ( )
JP (1) JPS60112983A ( )
AT (1) ATE18284T1 ( )
CA (1) CA1224682A ( )
DE (1) DE3362275D1 ( )
ES (1) ES8403559A1 ( )
FR (1) FR2528104A1 ( )

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103174379A (zh) * 2013-03-12 2013-06-26 宜昌市五环钻机具有限责任公司 一种旋风带尾管高风压潜孔冲击器
CN103174378A (zh) * 2013-03-12 2013-06-26 宜昌市五环钻机具有限责任公司 一种中低风压潜孔冲击器
CN104018779A (zh) * 2014-06-27 2014-09-03 西南石油大学 一种具有周向冲击功能的井下动力钻具

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5715897A (en) * 1993-12-13 1998-02-10 G-Drill Ab In-hole rock drilling machine with a hydraulic impact motor
DE19946587A1 (de) 1999-09-29 2001-04-12 Eurodrill Gmbh Consulting Engi Vorrichtung zum Richtungsbohren
GC0000152A (en) * 1999-11-29 2005-06-29 Shell Int Research Downhole pulser.
US7017663B2 (en) * 1999-12-14 2006-03-28 Shell Oil Company System for producing de-watered oil
SE527698C2 (sv) * 2004-10-07 2006-05-16 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Bergborrningsanordning
DE102010050244B4 (de) 2010-10-30 2013-10-17 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Meißeldirektantrieb für Werkzeuge auf Basis einer Wärmekraftmaschine
FI123555B (fi) * 2011-10-06 2013-07-15 Sandvik Mining & Constr Oy Paineilmatoiminen uppoporakone
FI20115981L (fi) * 2011-10-06 2013-04-07 Sandvik Mining & Constr Oy Polttoainesäiliö
EP3553270B1 (en) * 2016-12-12 2021-06-09 Jaime Andres Aros Pressurised fluid flow system for a dth hammer and normal circulation hammer based on same
ES2888936T3 (es) 2017-06-02 2022-01-10 Sandvik Intellectual Property Máquina de perforación en fondo y método para perforar roca
EP3725997A4 (en) 2017-12-13 2021-07-28 Jaime Andres Aros HYDRAULIC LIQUID FLOW SYSTEM WITH MULTIPLE WORKING CHAMBERS FOR AN IN-HOLE HAMMER AND IN-HOLE HAMMER WITH NORMAL CIRCULATION WITH THE SAYING SYSTEM
FI20185061A1 (fi) * 2018-01-23 2019-07-24 Mincon Nordic Oy Järjestely ja menetelmä maaputken asentamiseksi
CN109594916B (zh) * 2019-02-02 2023-03-17 吉林大学 一种超燃式双作用孔底冲击碎岩钻具及孔底冲击碎岩方法
CN109723376B (zh) * 2019-02-02 2024-04-19 吉林大学 一种压燃式正作用动力锤钻具及岩石破碎方法
DE102019116968A1 (de) * 2019-06-18 2020-12-24 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Stoßantrieb für ein linear zu bewegendes Werkzeug, Blechbauteil sowie Verfahren zum Schneiden eines Blechbauteils

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2052459A (en) * 1935-03-25 1936-08-25 Joseph F Gelser Combined fuel injection pump and nozzle for internal combustion engines
US2396627A (en) * 1939-12-19 1946-03-12 Wohlmeyer Josef Percussive tool operated by internal-combustion engines
US2559364A (en) * 1944-06-24 1951-07-03 William H Mashinter Fuel injector
US2673069A (en) * 1949-12-12 1954-03-23 Phillips Petroleum Co Hydrogen peroxide drilling tool
GB815990A (en) * 1955-05-17 1959-07-08 Gustav Albert Bergman Improvements in and relating to percussion devices
US2948122A (en) * 1956-05-03 1960-08-09 Raymond Int Inc Combustible fuel operated pile driving hammers and the like
US2875737A (en) * 1956-05-19 1959-03-03 Knorr Bremse Gmbh Tools operated by an internal combustion engine
US2950705A (en) * 1958-02-05 1960-08-30 Knorr Bremse Gmbh Internal combustion percussive tools
GB946677A (en) * 1960-07-07 1964-01-15 Halifax Tool Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to pneumatically operated percussive hammers
FR2044939A5 ( ) * 1969-05-23 1971-02-26 Stenuick Freres
GB1419981A (en) * 1973-01-09 1976-01-07 Halifax Tool Co Ltd Percussion drills
FR2259677A1 (en) * 1974-02-01 1975-08-29 Inst Gornogo Dela Sibirskogo O Combustion-powered impact mechanism esp. for soil-boring tool - has reciprocable striker co-operating with ported sleeve
DE2854461C2 (de) * 1978-12-16 1983-03-10 Wirth Maschinen- und Bohrgeräte-Fabrik GmbH, 5140 Erkelenz Versenkbohrhammer

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103174379A (zh) * 2013-03-12 2013-06-26 宜昌市五环钻机具有限责任公司 一种旋风带尾管高风压潜孔冲击器
CN103174378A (zh) * 2013-03-12 2013-06-26 宜昌市五环钻机具有限责任公司 一种中低风压潜孔冲击器
CN104018779A (zh) * 2014-06-27 2014-09-03 西南石油大学 一种具有周向冲击功能的井下动力钻具

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4583601A (en) 1986-04-22
FR2528104A1 (fr) 1983-12-09
CA1224682A (fr) 1987-07-28
JPS6311511B2 ( ) 1988-03-14
EP0096639A1 (fr) 1983-12-21
ATE18284T1 (de) 1986-03-15
ES522958A0 (es) 1984-03-16
DE3362275D1 (en) 1986-04-03
JPS60112983A (ja) 1985-06-19
ES8403559A1 (es) 1984-03-16
FR2528104B1 ( ) 1984-10-26

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