Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
  • A62D1/0071—Foams
  • A62D1/0085—Foams containing perfluoroalkyl-terminated surfactant

Definitions

• the invention relates to a liquid fire extinguishing agent concentrate and a method for its production.
• foams of different compositions are used to fight fires.
• Foam is usually generated from aqueous solutions of foam-forming concentrates by expansion with air.
• the concentrates often also contain a stabilizing additive.
• protein hydrolyzates were preferred as foaming agents, but in the past few years they have become less important due to their relatively low foaming.
• foaming agents are e.g. Alkyl, aryl and alkylarylsulfonates, sulfuric acid esters of higher alcohols or sulfates of fatty acid alkanolamines are used.
• DE-AS 2 933 432 discloses a foam-like fire extinguishing agent for hydrophilic, flammable liquids which contains a hydroxycarboxylic acid, an aliphatic carboxylic acid, a salt of an organic or inorganic acid with a metal and an anionic or amphoteric surface-active agent or a protein hydrolyzate .
• the known fire extinguishing agents often have the disadvantage that the foam produced melts when touching the burning surface of hydrophilic liquids, such as alcohols, ketones, ethers or esters. This makes it impossible to cover the burning surface with foam and thus extinguish it.
• Other fire extinguishing agents are broken down if they are stored for a longer period of time or show only a low foaming capacity. In most cases, the ability to foam depends on the type of water added. With most fire extinguishing agents, foam formation drops significantly when sea water is added. In addition, some components of the commercially available fire extinguishing agents or their breakdown products represent a significant environmental impact.
• the object of the invention is therefore to overcome the disadvantages mentioned and to provide an improved damping agent concentrate with good foaming properties and biodegradability.
• this object is achieved by the creation of a new fire extinguishing agent concentrate which contains 3-20% by weight alkylphenol polyglycol ether, 2-18% by weight fatty acid alkanolamide, 6-25% by weight sulfonated polyfluoroalkyl betaine and 20-80% by weight contains deionized water.
• the components are:
• the alkylphenyl part is the lipophilic part
• the polyether part is the hydrophilic part of the surfactant.
• alkylphenol polyglycol ethers used according to the invention contain alkyl radicals with 3 to 13 carbon atoms.
• the corresponding hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl and decyl compounds are preferred.
• the condensed ethers contain 6 to 20 ethylene oxide units.
• the compounds having 8 to 12 ethylene oxide units are preferred.
• the condensate of octylphenol with 10 units of ethylene oxide is particularly preferred:
• This class of compound used in the concentrate according to the invention is a nonionic, N-alkylated fatty acid amide which is produced by reaction of alkanolamines with fatty acids and carries hydroxyl groups which can be esterified in the N-alkyl part.
• the amides used in the fire extinguishing agent concentrate according to the invention are both fatty acid mono- and fatty acid dialkanolamides of the general formula
• R denotes the residue of a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid with 6 to 24 carbon atoms.
• These are preferably derivatives of the naturally occurring fatty acids, for example caproic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, coconut fatty acid and oleic acid.
• the diethanolamide of coconut fatty acid, N, N- (2-hydroxyethyl) coconut fatty acid amide is particularly preferred.
• This group of the compounds used in the fire extinguishing agent concentrate according to the invention are polyfluorinated amphoteric surfactants. They are preferably compounds of the general formula
• n is an integer from 4 to 10 and p is an integer from 12 to 24 and Me is an alkali atom.
• Sulfonated polyfluoroalkyl betaines of the formula are particularly preferred where Me is sodium or potassium.
• This component is water which has been deionized by one of the numerous known processes.
• a small amount of formalin is added to the fire extinguishing agent concentrate according to the invention. This is particularly useful for longer storage, for example in the form of concentrate, but also in the case of ready-to-use form of the fire extinguishing agent according to the invention as a preservative.
• the formalin is added as a commercially available approx. 40% solution.
• the invention also relates to a production method for the fire extinguishing agent concentrate described above.
• deionized water in an amount of 20 to 80% by weight (based on the entire batch) is initially introduced into a container at a temperature of 15-50 ° C. with continuous stirring. Then 3 to 20 wt .-% alkylphenol polyglycol ether are added with stirring and maintaining the temperature. 2 to 18% by weight of fatty acid alkanolamide are then added under the same conditions. Stirring is continued and 6 to 25% by weight sulfonated polyfluoroalkyl betaine is then added to the resulting mixture. If necessary, 0.1 to 3% by weight of formalin are also added to the mixture for preservation. Stirring continues until the substances have completely dissolved. Subsequently, polarized light is preferably radiated into the solution.
• the fire extinguishing agent concentrate according to the invention is usually mixed with 90 to 99.5% by weight of water. Both fresh water and sea water without significant impairment of the foaming capacity can be used for this.
• the composition according to the invention belongs to the fluorine-containing agents from the group of so-called AFFF agents (aqueous film forming foam).
• the fire extinguishing agent according to the invention is particularly suitable for fighting fires of liquid or solid hydrocarbons. It can also serve as an emulsifier for the formation of foams and, in this capacity, promote the penetration of water in cellulose materials (wood, straw, paper, etc.). This results in a wide variety of possible uses, such as in the chemical industry, refineries, airports, plastics industry, etc.
• the action of the fire extinguishing agent according to the invention is based on shut-off and cooling effects. It points out furthermore has the advantage that its foam formation is not impaired by any powder extinguishing agent previously used.
• the fire extinguishing agent concentrate according to the invention can be brought to the source of the fire in dilution with water, depending on the location and type of fire, using portable or mobile devices, or it is used via permanently installed fire extinguishing systems. If necessary, these can automatically take action, e.g. controlled by fuses, by optical or thermal sensors, in sprinkler systems, etc.
• a turquoise liquid with a viscosity of 98 cP at 20 ° C. was obtained.
• the liquid had a density of 1.02 and was miscible with water in all proportions. It had an anionic character and the pH was 8.
• the freezing point was determined to be 0 ° C.
• the concentrate is stable for a period of at least 5 to 6 years and can be effortlessly mixed with water in amounts of 0.5 to 10% by weight, expedient concentrations having 2 to 4% by weight of the concentrate.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8484288

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Families Citing this family (1)

• 1982
  • 1982-06-09 ES ES512990A patent/ES8307512A1/es not_active Expired
• 1983
  • 1983-06-09 IT IT21530/83A patent/IT1194262B/it active
  • 1983-06-09 BR BR8303068A patent/BR8303068A/pt unknown
  • 1983-06-09 GB GB08315811A patent/GB2122080A/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1983-06-09 FR FR8309564A patent/FR2530477A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1983-06-09 PT PT76858A patent/PT76858B/pt unknown
  • 1983-06-09 DD DD83251866A patent/DD209741A5/de unknown
  • 1983-06-09 JP JP58101835A patent/JPS5985674A/ja active Pending
  • 1983-06-09 AU AU15660/83A patent/AU1566083A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1983-06-09 EP EP83105672A patent/EP0096425A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1983-06-09 IL IL68933A patent/IL68933A0/xx unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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