EP0096058B1 - Elektrischer transformator und verfahren zu seiner herstellung - Google Patents

Elektrischer transformator und verfahren zu seiner herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0096058B1
EP0096058B1 EP82903586A EP82903586A EP0096058B1 EP 0096058 B1 EP0096058 B1 EP 0096058B1 EP 82903586 A EP82903586 A EP 82903586A EP 82903586 A EP82903586 A EP 82903586A EP 0096058 B1 EP0096058 B1 EP 0096058B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
frames
transformer
magnetic
magnetic circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82903586A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0096058A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Beisser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe Nouvelle Transfix SA
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Societe Nouvelle Transfix SA
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Priority to AT82903586T priority Critical patent/ATE22192T1/de
Publication of EP0096058A1 publication Critical patent/EP0096058A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0096058B1 publication Critical patent/EP0096058B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
    • H01F30/12—Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/30—Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
    • H01F27/306—Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing or other support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
    • H01F41/0213—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits made from strip(s) or ribbon(s)
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/4902—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
    • Y10T29/49071—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor by winding or coiling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/4902—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
    • Y10T29/49073—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor by assembling coil and core
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/4902—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
    • Y10T29/49075—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor including permanent magnet or core
    • Y10T29/49078—Laminated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical transformer intended in particular but not limited to the so-called “average” powers, that is to say ranging from 5 to 1000 kVA approximately, and for single-phase or polyphase circuits.
  • This transformer comprises a magnetic circuit comprising at least one strip of magnetic material wound in a ring defining in its middle a circular window, as well as, for each phase, a high voltage electrical circuit and a low voltage electrical circuit both wound around at least one section of the magnetic circuit.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing this transformer.
  • a transformer is known for example from DE-C-691531 or from JP-A-5 632 709.
  • the advantage of circular magnetic cores is that they can be rolled very automatically around circuits after having finished and insulated these.
  • these precautions consist in surrounding the electrical circuits with tape or insulating paper, and in making sure that during its rolling or even after it, in the completed transformer, the magnetic circuit may come into contact with the electrical circuit.
  • the efficiency of a transformer is all the better when the windows of the electrical circuits are completely occupied by the magnetic circuit.
  • the gap that the state of the art requires to provide between magnetic circuit and electrical circuits plays a detrimental role in this regard. It is also harmful with regard to the weight and size of the device.
  • this interval involves fixing the electrical and magnetic circuits independently of each other, which is all the more difficult since the fasteners have to withstand sudden and violent forces which can result from the appearance of a short circuit. in the network served by the transformer.
  • US-A-2 498 747 describes a three-phase transformer in which the magnetic circuit consists of rolled strips, but this magnetic circuit delimits oval windows.
  • the magnetic circuit To manufacture such a transformer, the magnetic circuit must first be produced and the electrical circuits then put in place by winding them around the magnetic core and cutting it to introduce the circuits and re-solder it after this introduction. The first method is very long and according to the second the welds introduce additional reluctances detrimental to the efficiency of the transformer.
  • FIG. 2 clearly shows that the magnetic windows of the transformer are particularly poorly filled by the electrical circuits.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a transformer of the type specified at the start in which the magnetic circuit can be conveniently and efficiently formed on the electrical circuit.
  • the electric transformer is characterized in that the electric circuits are arranged in at least one electrically insulating annular carcass which, in service, is interposed between the electric circuits and the section of the magnetic circuit which they surround, the carcass having a profile substantially coinciding with a part of the circular profile of the window of the magnetic circuit.
  • the carcass effectively protects the electrical circuits, so that the precautions to be taken during winding are almost nonexistent and in addition the space between the electrical circuits and the carcass can be extremely reduced or even nonexistent which is very advantageous.
  • the weight the efficiency and the size of the transformer thus produced.
  • the presence of the carcass considerably facilitates first of all the winding of the electrical circuits, and also the production of the magnetic circuit which can form with the carcass a practically rigid interlocking whereas, according to the state of the art, any mutual support of the magnetic circuits and Avoid electrical damage to the insulation of electrical circuits.
  • the carcass can without any difficulty be securely fixed to any piece of frame such as a tank covering the transformer.
  • FIG. 2 of US Pat. No. 2,498,747 seems to represent that the electrical circuits are coated in a sort of carcass. However, it is not described and it is not understood how it can be placed around the pillars of the magnetic circuit after it has been formed.
  • the magnetic core consists of a steel or nickel wire (page 2, lines 85 to 89), itself intended to be traversed by a certain current, and wound around a carcass k.
  • a carcass is provided in the embodiment of FIG. 2 but not in the other embodiments.
  • the electrical windings are then wound around other carcasses (FIG. 3) and in a manner analogous to that provided for in US-A-2 498 747, and with the same drawbacks .
  • the elements constituting the cores do not define circular windows and although differing in the way of making the core, they teach exactly the same thing as to how to make the electrical windings.
  • the magnetic circuit has at least one window passed through. by two carcasses surrounding two sections of magnetic circuit which are opposite relative to this window, each carcass having a profile substantially coinciding with the half-profile of the window considered of the magnetic circuit.
  • the two carcasses together form around the electrical circuits an insulating sheath which completely separates them from the magnetic circuit.
  • the method for manufacturing a transformer of the kind described above, with multiple carcasses is characterized in that the electrical circuits are wound in the carcasses, the carcasses are fixed together by a at least of their edges, and in that at least one strip of magnetic material suitably slit is wound around each of at least some of the locations where two carcasses are mutually fixed, the carcasses serving as a guide for the winding of the strip .
  • the carcass in addition to its many advantages set out above, greatly facilitates the production of the magnetic circuit which can be rolled directly on it without risk of damaging the electrical insulation.
  • the three-phase transformer is arranged in a triangular section tank with rounded tops, having a bottom 2 and a cover 3 whose periphery is constituted by an oblique wall 4 bearing in an angularly distributed arrangement the three high voltage terminals 6 of the device.
  • the tank 1 is filled with electrically insulating mineral oil.
  • the transformer proper comprises a magnetic circuit 7 consisting of three circular rings 8 made of magnetic sheet, each of which has a frustoconical face 7 by which it is attached to the frustoconical face 7 of two other rings so that the planes of the rings 8 are arranged along the lateral faces of a prism.
  • the structure of the magnetic rings 8 will be described in detail below.
  • the transformer also includes electrical circuits 9 arranged around the magnetic circuit, each around one of the sections where two rings 8 are joined.
  • the electrical circuits 9 are arranged in carcasses 11 having a tubular central part 12, of circular section, around which the electrical circuits are wound, and reserving a window 13 inside for the passage of the magnetic rings. 8. At each end of the central part 12 is provided a flange 14 directed radially outwards, intended to laterally hold the electrical windings. The part 12 and the two edges 14 together give the carcass a semi-circular profile.
  • the carcasses 11 are made of insulating material such as plastic. As shown in FIG. 7, the carcasses 11 are produced in two parts fitted into one another according to a fitting surface 16 which surrounds the central part 12 equidistant from the edges 14.
  • the joint surface 16 forms a step whose height can be adjusted so as to reserve between the window 13 and the annular housing reserved for the electrical circuits, a sufficiently long escape route so as not to allow the electrical ignition between the electrical coils and the magnetic rings.
  • Each carcass 11 contains a high voltage circuit 17 (FIG. 8) and a low voltage circuit 18.
  • the high voltage circuit 17 is formed of turns of copper or aluminum wire located at the bottom of the carcass 11, that is to say against the central part 12.
  • the turns of the circuit 17 are arranged in rows 19 separated by sheets of insulating paper 21.
  • the sheets 21 have a width slightly greater than the width available inside the carcass. This excess width serves to make on each side of the layer of turns lying above the sheet 21 a rim of paper 22 between this layer 19 and the wall of the carcass 11.
  • the low voltage circuit 18 consists of an aluminum strip 23 wound around the high voltage circuit 17. Between each layer of the strip 23 and each edge 14 of the carcass is interposed a strip of cardboard 24.
  • the strip 23, the strips 24 as well as a sheet of paper 26 for the separation of the layers are rolled up in a single operation, the sheet 26 having, like the sheets 21, a flange 27 on each side of the strip 23.
  • annular channel 28 allowing the passage of the oil as coolant.
  • the channel 28 is delimited by two sheets of cardboard 29 braced by wooden sticks (not shown) parallel to the axis of the carcass.
  • edges 14 of the carcass 11 have a series of orifices 31 allowing the communication of the channel 28 with the exterior of the carcass 11.
  • Each carcass 11 further carries two chimneys 32 directed axially towards the cover 3 of the tank 1, which each allow the exit from one of the ends of the high-voltage winding 17. Furthermore, each carcass 11 has a square notch 33 (FIGS. 8 and 9) directed towards the axis ZZ of the apparatus (FIG. 4), by which protrude towards the cover 3 two tabs 34 welded to the ends of the low voltage circuit 18.
  • each edge 14 has a tongue 36 offset 30 ° relative to the notch 33, and a correspondingly shaped housing 37 located opposite the tongue 36 relative to the notch 33.
  • the tongues 36 and the housings 37 of the different carcasses are fitted one into the other. the others and ultrasonically welded or glued.
  • the positioning of the active part of the transformer in the tank can be carried out exclusively by means of the carcasses 11 resting on the side wall of the tank 1.
  • the carcasses 11 lead to both the electrical circuits 17, 18 and magnetic 8, which is particularly advantageous in the case of the use of magnetic materials substantially losing their magnetic qualities under the effect of mechanical stresses.
  • the carcasses 11 which are arranged concentrically with the rounded edges of the side wall of the tank 1 are each carried by four brackets 81 welded in an angular manner distributed in this rounded edge.
  • each bracket 81 is interposed an insulating wedge 82 screwed to the square 81 by means of a screw 83 which, once mounted, has its head embedded in a well 84 of the wedge 82 so as to avoid risk of electric ignition.
  • the shims 82 are shouldered so as to ensure at the same time the centering of the active part of the transformer in the tank 1.
  • a sheet of rubber may be interposed between each bracket 81 and the shim 82 to absorb the operating vibrations of the transformer.
  • a single socket 38 is connected at the same time to the six blades 34 connected to the six ends of the three low voltage windings 18 contained in one of the carcasses 11. From the socket 38, which contains the internal connections to the transformer between the low voltage windings, leave three phase conductors 39 each connected to a low voltage phase terminal 41 arranged on a flat of one of the rounded corners of the transformer tank. A fourth conductor (not shown), located under the conductors 39, connects it. socket 38 to a neutral terminal (no shown), arranged under the terminals 41. As shown in FIG. 14, the socket 38 carries three tongues 42 intended to be welded by ultrasound or glued at locations 43 of the coils 11. Once this fixation has been achieved, the blades 34 are then riveted to the socket 38.
  • the underside of the carcasses 11 has, approximately in line with the blades 34, a series of four studs 43 arranged in an arc centered on the axis ZZ ( Figure 5).
  • the apparatus further comprises a switch with three star branches 44, mounted in rotation about the axis ZZ by means of a control rod 45 (FIG. 14) passing through the apparatus along this axis, and supported by two bearings arranged in triangular plastic frames 46 ( Figure 5), 47 ( Figure 4) fitted between the magnetic rings 8, one 46 below the other 47 above the carcasses 11.
  • the socket 38 has a bore 48 to allow the passage of the rod 45 which also passes through the cover 3 of the device and is connected outside of the latter to a control wheel 49 ( Figures 1 and 2).
  • Each branch 51 of the switch 44 carries at its end a ball 52 pushed by a spring 53 and bearing on the internal wall of a tubular roller 54 which can take as desired three rest positions in which it is astride between two successive studs 43 between which it establishes a short circuit.
  • the studs 43 are connected to the high-voltage winding 17 so that two successive studs 43a, 43b are connected to the same turn, the stud 43c being separated from the studs 43a, 43b by a number of turns and the pad 43d being separated from the pad 43c by a double number of turns.
  • the switch 44 makes it possible from the dial 49 to adjust the number of active turns of the high voltage circuit, and consequently the transformation ratio of the transformer.
  • each magnetic ring 8 presents is occupied almost entirely by two pairs of electrical circuits 17, 18 at the location where the carcasses 11 which contain them, assembled by the tongues 36, housings 37, together have a circular profile.
  • the electrical circuits which are thus juxtaposed in the plane of each ring 8 are the low voltage circuits 18, the space 57 reserved between them can be very thin without risk of short circuit.
  • the magnetic rings 8 in addition to their frustoconical face 7, also have a substantially semi-toric face 58 whose profile is inscribed in a semicircle whose diameter corresponds substantially to the diameter of the window 13 carcasses 11.
  • Each substantially semi-toric face 58 is connected by its two annular edges 59, 61 to the frustoconical face 7 of the sleeve 8.
  • the two rings 8 joined together have a circular profile which occupies almost all of window 13.
  • the rings 8 are produced by means of magnetic sheet metal sheets rolled around the geometric axis of the ring.
  • the first 62 has the shape of a rectangular trapezoid whose bases are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the strip. This strip is rolled first, from its small base, and its inclined edge 63 being directed towards the outside of the device.
  • the following strip 64 is rectangular, it is rolled with a slight offset towards the outside of the device at each turn so that the face 7 of the ring has the desired taper with 60 ° angle at the top.
  • the next strip 66 has again the shape of a rectangular trapezoid, its inclined edge this time being on the side of the interior of the device.
  • the strips 67 and 68, which are then rolled, are both trapezoidal.
  • the trapezoidal strips can be made without falling from a strip of constant width equal to the sum of the large base and the small base of the desired trapezoidal strips.
  • the strips 67 and 68 which constitute non-rectangular trapezoids can be produced in the same way from rectangular trapezoids which are inclined slightly.
  • FIGS. 1 to 16 The description which has just been made of the example of FIGS. 1 to 16 has made it possible to identify the numerous advantages of the invention, namely: gain in weight and size, gain in efficiency and yield of the transformer, ease of manufacture and elimination of the numerous risks which existed until then of damaging the electrical circuits during this manufacture, solid and easy fixing of the active part in the tank thanks to the carcases which can be firmly fixed to the tank without risk of short circuit or risk of damaging the circuits.
  • numerous methods consisting in rolling the magnetic circuits after having wound the electric circuits had been proposed. However, these methods, which were intended to allow magnetic circuits to be without any discontinuity, had never received practical application since it was not possible to carry out this rolling without damaging the electrical circuits.
  • the invention has remedied this impossibility.
  • the rolling of magnetic circuits which can be carried out without taking much care with regard to electric circuits, is very fast. This saves time, and also makes it possible to steam the electrical circuits before laying the magnetic circuits. Parboiling, which is already greatly shortened because of the much smaller amount of insulating paper which must be provided, is further shortened in the absence of the magnetic circuits. The very rapid rolling of the magnetic circuits does not give the insulating paper time to re-soak in moisture before the assembly is immersed in the oil of the tank.
  • the single-phase transformer comprises a circular magnetic circuit 69 whose circular profile fits exactly in the circular window 71 of a carcass 72 of semi-circular profile, which contains at its bottom a high voltage electrical circuit 73 and on its periphery a low-voltage electrical circuit 74.
  • the circuit 74 greatly exceeds the carcass so that the carcass assembly 72, circuits 73 and 74 has a substantially circular section which roughly corresponds to the window 76 of the magnetic circuit 69.
  • contact between the circuit 74 and the ring 69 must be avoided. A relatively small interval is sufficient for this purpose since the circuit 74 is the low voltage circuit.
  • the circuit 69 is surrounded, in two diametrically opposite sections, by two carcasses 72 situated substantially in the same plane.
  • One of the carcasses contains the high voltage electrical circuit, the other the low voltage electrical circuit.
  • the magnetic ring 69 can be circular like the rings 8 of FIGS. 1 to 16.
  • the ring 69 can also be rectangular or square, in which case, the carcasses 72 are cylindrical with flat edges.
  • This advantageous solution in terms of size has the drawback that the magnetic circuit cannot be produced according to the method which has been described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. It must either be carried out by means of stacked sheets assembled for example with a tab, as shown in FIG. 19, or else made of sheets rolled directly around the carcasses, without the possibility of annealing since this would of course damage the electrical circuits.
  • the example in Figure 20 is similar to that in Figure 18 but applied to a three-phase transformer.
  • the magnetic rings 69 have a semi-circular profile externally limited by a cylindrical surface 76. There are four of them all arranged in the same plane with their axes in the same plane.
  • the carcasses 72 three in number, each contain a high voltage circuit and a low voltage circuit, are each of semi-circular section. They each surround one of the sections of the magnetic circuit where two rings 69 are tangent.
  • the carcasses 72 are also located in the same plane with their geometric axes in the same plane.
  • the invention is not limited to single-phase or three-phase transformers, and devices with a greater number of phases can naturally be produced with the same advantages.
  • the invention advantageously lends itself to the use of amorphous magnetic materials - also called metallic glasses - to produce the magnetic rings.
  • metallic glasses which are in the form of a strip of 1 / 100th, of approximately mm, offer their excellent magnetic qualities only when they are free from mechanical stresses. This condition, usually difficult to achieve, is on the contrary fulfilled by itself thanks to the invention when the carcasses are alone fixed to the tank and carry the magnetic circuits.
  • the metallic glass sheet can be routed in a structure close to those shown in the figures, the number of winding turns being naturally much greater.
  • the strip used to make the low voltage electrical circuits may be made of copper.
  • the cooling channels 28 can be produced from a profiled piece of flexible plastic material, having substantially the shape of a ladder, which is deformed to surround the high voltage electrical circuit before rolling the strip of the low electrical circuit. voltage.
  • the three studs 43a, belonging to the three carcases 11 can be electrically connected, which makes it very simple to mount the high voltage circuit in a star.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)

Claims (18)

1. Elektrischer Transformator mit einem magnetischen Kreis (8, 69), der wenigstens ein zu einem in seiner. Mitte ein kreisförmiges Fenster (56) bildenden Ring aufgewickeltes Band aus magnetischem Material aufweist, sowie einen elektrischen Hochspannungskreis (17, 73) und einem elektrischen Niederspannungskreis (18, 74) für jede Phase, welche beide um wenigstens einen Abschnitt des magnetischen Kreises gewickelt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrischen Kreise in wenigstens einem elektrisch isolierenden, ringförmigen Gehäuse (11, 72) angeordnet sind, das im Betrieb zwischen den elektrischen Kreisen (17, 18, 73, 74) und dem genannten Abschnitt des magnetischen Kreises (8, 69) angeordnet ist und ein Profil aufweist, das im wesentlichen mit einem Teil des kreisförmigen Profils des Fensters (56) des magnetischen Kreises übereinstimmt.
2. Transformator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Gehäuse (11) durch Ineinanderstecken zweier Halbgehäuse an einer Verbindungsfläche (16) gebildet ist, die zwischen den elektrischen Kreisen (17, 73) und dem magnetischen Kreis (8, 69) eine Kriechstrecke bildet, deren Länge ausreichend ist, um den elektrischen Überschlag zwischen diesen Kreisen zu verhindern.
3. Transformator nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der magnetische Kreis (8, 69) wenigstens ein Fenster (56) aufweist, das von zwei Gehäusen (11) durchdrungen ist, die zwei in bezug auf das Fenster entgegengesetzte Abschnitte des magnetischen Kreises (9) umgeben, wobei jedes Gehäuse (11) ein Profil aufweist, das im wesentlichen mit dem Halbprofil des betreffenden Fensters des magnetischen Kreises übereinstimmt.
4. Transformator nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Gehäuse (11) in dem Fenster (56) des magnetischen Kreises (9) aneinander befestigt sind.
5. Transformator nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er für jede Phase ein Gehäuse (11), einen mit Hilfe von auf dem Boden des Gehäuses (11) aufgewickelten Leitungsdrähten gebildeten Hochspannungskreis (17) und einen Niederspannungskreis (18) enthält, der mit Hilfe eines leitenden Bandes (23), das in demselben Gehäuse (11) um den Hochspannungskreis (17) gewickelt ist, gebildet ist.
6. Transformator nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Draht des Hochspannungskreises (17) aus Kupfer besteht, wogegen das Band des Niederspannungskreises (18) aus Aluminium besteht.
7. Transformator nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in jedem Gehäuse (11) zwischen dem elektrischen Hochspannungskreis (17) und dem elektrischen Niederspannungskreis (18) ein ringförmiger Kühlkanal (28) angeordnet ist, der mit der Außenseite des Gehäuses (11) durch in der Wand (14) des Gehäuses (11) angebrachte Öffnungen (31) in Verbindung steht.
8. Transformator nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wickellagen des Hochspannungskreises (17) und die Wikkellagen des Niederspannungskreises (18) alle voneinander durch isolierendes Papier (21, 26) getrennt sind.
9. Mehrphasiger Transformator nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sein magnetischer Kreis durch jeweils einen kreisförmigen Ring (8) pro Phase gebildet ist, welche Ringe jeweils eine im wesentlichen kegelstumpfförmige Oberfläche (7) aufweisen, mit der sie mit der kegelstumpfförmigen Oberfläche (7) von zwei weiteren benachbarten Ringen (8) derart zusammengestellt sind, daß die Ebenen der Ringe (8) wie die Seitenflächen eines Prismas angeordnet sind, und daß der elektrische Kreis in Gehäusen (11) gleicher Anzahl angeordnet ist, die jeweils zwei Ringe (8) an der Stelle, wo sie aneinanderstoßen, umgeben.
10. Transformator nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ringe (8) des magnetischen Kreises eine halbtorische Oberfläche (58) aufweisen, die mit ihren zwei ringförmigen Kanten (59, 61) mit zwei ringförmigen Kanten der kegelstumpfförmigen Oberfläche (7) verbunden sind, und daß die Gehäuse (11) kreisförmig ausgebildet sind und ein halbkreisförmiges Profil aufweisen.
11. Transformator nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Gehäuse (11) eine Reihe von Kontakten (43) trägt, die alle mit dem Hochspannungskreis (17), aber an um einigen windungen versetzten Punkten verbunden sind, und daß der Transformator weiters einen Drehschalter (44) trägt, der einen Zweig (51) pro Phase aufweist, wobei jeder der Zweige (51) in Kontakt mit zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Kontakten eines der Gehäuse (11) ist, so daß durch Drehung des Schalters (44) die Regelung des Übersetzungsverhältnisses des Transformators möglich ist.
12. Transformator nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine Wanne (1) aufweist, die die magnetischen (8) und elektrischen Kreise (17, 18) in der Art beinhaltet, daß die Ebene der Gehäuse (11) im wesentlichen parallel zum Boden (2) der Wanne (1) verläuft, und daß die Kontakte (43) und der Schalter (44) sich auf der zum Boden der Wanne (1) gerichteten Seite der Gehäuse (11) befinden, wobei die Zweige (51) des Schalters (44) fest mit einer Steuerstange (45) verbunden ist, die die Wanne (1) auf der dem Boden (2) gegenüberliegenden Seite verläßt.
13. Transformator nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Gehäuse (11) wenigstens einen Auslaßkanal (32) aufweist, durch den der Draht des Hochspannungskreises (17) von der Hochspannungswicklung (17) ausgehend zu Hochspannungs-Anschlußklemmen (6) des Transformators hindurchtreten kann.
14. Transformator nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Enden jedes Niederspannungskreises (17) mit Steckern (34) verbunden sind, die auf einer Kante (14) des Gehäuses auf der dem Boden (2) der Wanne gegenüberliegenden Seite in der Nähe der zentralen Achse (ZZ) des Transformators befestigt sind, und daß im Betrieb eine einzige Anschlußbuchse (38), die die gewünschten Verbindungen zwischen den Niederspannungswicklungen (18) enthält, an die Steckeranordnung (34) angeschlossen ist.
15. Transformator nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er in einer Wanne (1) angeordnet ist, die den aktiven Teil (8, 17, 18) ausschließlich mit Hilfe von den Gehäusen (11) trägt.
16. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Transformators nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, zur Bildung eines Transformators mit mehreren Gehäusen (11), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrischen Kreise (17, 18) in den Gehäusen (11) gewickelt werden, die Gehäuse (11) mitreinander mit wenigstens einer ihrer Kanten (14) verbunden werden und daß anschließend mindestens ein Band (62, 64, 66 bis 68) aus passend zugeschnittenem magnetischen Material um jede wenigstens gewisser Stellen gewickelt wird, an denen zwei Gehäuse (11) aneinander befestigt sind, wobei die Gehäuse (11) als Führung für das Wickeln des Bandes dienen.
17. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, bei dem das magnetische Material aus Blech gebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bänder (62, 64, 66 bis 68) vor dem Wickeln auf die Gehäuse (11) auf einen zylindrischen Dorn gewickelt werden, durch thermische Behandlung entspannt werden und von dem Dorn abgewickelt werden.
18. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16 oder 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor der Herstellung des magnetischen Kreises (8) die Verbindungen (38) zwischen den elektrischen Kreisen (17, 18) hergestellt werden und die so gebildete Anordnung getrocknet wird.
EP82903586A 1981-12-11 1982-12-10 Elektrischer transformator und verfahren zu seiner herstellung Expired EP0096058B1 (de)

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AT82903586T ATE22192T1 (de) 1981-12-11 1982-12-10 Elektrischer transformator und verfahren zu seiner herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR8123146 1981-12-11
FR8123146A FR2518306B1 (fr) 1981-12-11 1981-12-11 Transformateur electrique et procede pour sa fabrication

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EP0096058A1 EP0096058A1 (de) 1983-12-21
EP0096058B1 true EP0096058B1 (de) 1986-09-10

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EP (1) EP0096058B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS58502174A (de)
CA (1) CA1184621A (de)
DE (1) DE3273248D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2518306B1 (de)
IT (1) IT1149149B (de)
WO (1) WO1983002194A1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1184621A (fr) 1985-03-26
EP0096058A1 (de) 1983-12-21
DE3273248D1 (en) 1986-10-16
WO1983002194A1 (fr) 1983-06-23
IT8249662A0 (it) 1982-12-13
FR2518306B1 (fr) 1986-11-28
FR2518306A1 (fr) 1983-06-17
IT1149149B (it) 1986-12-03
US4651412A (en) 1987-03-24
US4588971A (en) 1986-05-13
JPS58502174A (ja) 1983-12-15

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