EP0090006B1 - Floating device and procedure for hoisting and transporting loads - Google Patents
Floating device and procedure for hoisting and transporting loads Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0090006B1 EP0090006B1 EP82903047A EP82903047A EP0090006B1 EP 0090006 B1 EP0090006 B1 EP 0090006B1 EP 82903047 A EP82903047 A EP 82903047A EP 82903047 A EP82903047 A EP 82903047A EP 0090006 B1 EP0090006 B1 EP 0090006B1
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- Prior art keywords
- load
- floats
- barge
- beams
- fixed
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/003—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for transporting very large loads, e.g. offshore structure modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/107—Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B77/00—Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B2017/0039—Methods for placing the offshore structure
- E02B2017/0047—Methods for placing the offshore structure using a barge
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for lifting and transporting a load, with adjustable buoyancy, for work at sea, said device consisting of two parallel groups of floats connected at one of their ends, each group comprising a horizontal float on which are fixed, by one of their ends, vertical floats, the other ends being fixed to longitudinal beams, one end of a group being connected to one end of the other group by a horizontal transverse float and spacers.
- the invention also relates to a method for implementing said device.
- French patent FR-A-2,474,992 describes an adjustable buoyancy device, according to the preamble of claim 1 allowing lifting to significant load heights exceeding the possibilities of available barge cranes.
- the device is in the form of a U consisting of two parallel groups of floats connected at one of their ends by a float with a horizontal axis and by partially removable spacers.
- the horizontal and vertical floats are ballastable.
- the vertical floats of a group are connected at their emerging end by spacers forming a longitudinal beam.
- the load is placed between the two longitudinal beams while the pumps and the control station are arranged on the spacers forming a transverse beam at the end of the groups of floats.
- Such a device is used inter alia for the establishment of bridges on the columns, during the construction or dismantling of the platforms.
- the bridge is brought to work on barges from where it is taken up by the adjustable buoyancy device which is brought above the columns and on either side thereof. After ballasting, the bridge comes to rest on the columns.
- any lifting means applying to the edges of the bridge or of the building element, subjects the latter to forces which require a reinforcement of the structure to avoid deformations.
- the structure of a bridge is designed to rest at four or more points located inside the perimeter of the bridge and which transmit all the forces to the columns.
- the distribution of bending moments in the structure of the bridge roughly corresponds to that of a beam resting at two non-extreme points.
- the distribution of the bending moments corresponds to that of a beam resting at its ends.
- the realization of a bridge structure capable of meeting both conditions leads to a non-negligible increase in manufacturing costs, due to the increase in the weight of the bridge itself.
- the object of the invention is a lifting device, with adjustable buoyancy, comprising means for supporting the fully equipped bridge, which does not require a strengthening of its structure, and a method for the implementation of said device.
- the device is characterized in that the longitudinal beams carry movable transverse support beams capable of moving along their longitudinal axis to be placed under a load to be lifted and transported.
- a method for implementing the device is characterized by the features of claim 10.
- Figures 1 and 2 show in longitudinal view and in plan the adjustable buoyancy device according to the invention, consisting of two parallel groups 1 and 2 of floats. Each group comprises a horizontal float 3, 4 on which are fixed by one of their ends, vertical floats 5 to 14.
- the two groups are connected at one of their ends by transverse horizontal floats 15, 16, (Fig. 4).
- the floats 15 and 16 are fixed in line with the vertical floats 9 and 14 at the end and the penultimate floats 8, 13 arranged approximately at a quarter of the length of the groups relative to one end.
- the vertical floats are held at their upper part by longitudinal beams 17 and 18 and by a transverse box beam 19 covering all the space between the vertical floats 13, 14, 8, 9.
- the box beam is fixed on the upper face longitudinal beams 17, 18.
- At least part of the horizontal and vertical floats are divided into compartments by watertight bulkheads (not shown) and are equipped with ballasting and drying circuits (not shown) controlling the buoyancy and attitude of the device.
- the vertical floats 7 and 12 arranged approximately at the middle part of each group, can optionally be placed in communication, on the one hand, with the sea by means consisting of valves of large diameter and , on the other hand, with the atmosphere by air purges.
- the space between the vertical floats 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12 is completely free in the vertical and longitudinal direction, and the space between your floats 8.9.13.14 is free longitudinally and limited in the vertical direction by the beam box 19 and the horizontal floats 15, 16.
- the vertical free passage between the horizontal floats 15, 16 and the beam 19 is of the order of 15 meters and the transverse free passage, of the order 30 meters.
- transverse mobile support beams 20, 21, 22, 23 capable of moving along their longitudinal axis.
- the beams can also be moved along the longitudinal beams 17, 18 and immobilized, by known means, in positions determined according to the dimensional characteristics of the load.
- the adjustable buoyancy device is equipped with eight anchors 27, 28 mounted at the end of cables wound on winches 24 and 25, on which it can be tanned or immobilized.
- the distribution of the anchors is as follows: four anchors 28 at the bow, two to port and two to starboard, and four anchors 27, aft, two to port and two to starboard. These anchors allow inter alia the transverse and longitudinal displacements of the device.
- the winches 24 and 25 are arranged in the box girder 19 and the port anchors 28 are controlled by the starboard winches 25 and vice versa for the starboard anchors. This arrangement allows good winding of the cables on the winches.
- the box girder 19 the main function of which is to provide a rigid and non-deformable connection between the two groups of floats, is arranged on two floors as living quarters and technical premises.
- the box girder is completely sealed, the accesses and exits are provided only on the upper part or roof of the beam.
- Known means such as ladders and / or stairs, connect the roof to the longitudinal beams 17, 18.
- the movable support beams 20, 21, 22, 23 shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 7 consist of an arm 26 formed of a rectangular box structure 29 having a prismatic end 30 provided with a fork 31.
- This arm slides longitudinally between the branches of a stirrup 32 on a sole 33 made, for example, of an antifriction bronze.
- a rack 36 cooperating with a pinion 37 mounted at the end of the shaft of a motor 38 fixed to the cross-member 35.
- the control of this motor allows the movement of the arm 26 and its positioning under means supports 39 fixed to the load.
- the fingers 311, 312 of the fork 31 carry supports 40, 41, elastic, formed in known manner of alternating layers of elastomer and metal sheets vulcanized together. The role of these supports will be specified later.
- the supports 40, 41 come into contact with the supports 39 (Fig. 6) fixed to the load.
- FIGs 8, 9, 10 show on a larger scale different views of detail VIII of Figure 6.
- the deck of the platform of which a part of the elements is shown in broken lines, consists of main beams bearing on load-bearing legs 42
- the main beams carry legs intended to serve as support for the structure of the bridge when it rests on the columns of the marine structure or "jacket".
- a cylindrical-conical centering piece 43 is fixed to the end of the legs and is capable of engaging in the tubes which form the columns of the jacket.
- a support 39 forming a U whose transverse branch 44 carries a central bore 45 capable of receiving the tuble 42.
- the lateral branches 46, 47 of the U are, seen in elevation , triangular, and form vis-à-vis the transverse branch 44 of the reinforcement gussets which take up the forces exerted at the ends of said branch.
- the support 39 is welded perpendicularly to the tube 42 along its central bore and, by its lateral branches, along a generatrix of the tube.
- the branch 44 forms two cross members of sufficient length to rest on the gains 40, 41 of the fork 31.
- the elastic supports 40, 41 act as shock absorbers and avoid violent shocks which could occur during lifting and / or the positioning of the bridge giving it a certain degree of freedom in the transverse direction (shown by the arrow Fig. 9).
- the lifting and transport device has a length overall width of 61 meters, overall width of 41 meters and height of 19 meters with longitudinal beams and 24 meters with box girder. It is capable of transporting and lifting a load of around 2,000 tonnes. The living quarters are planned for 80 men.
- the method for implementing the lifting and transport device, according to the invention, is described with respect to a load, which, according to one example, is represented by a fully equipped platform bridge, either of installations for use dwellings, either technical drilling or operating installations.
- Figures 11 to 22 show the different stages of lifting and placing a bridge on the columns of the marine structure.
- Figures 11 and 12 show, in elevation and in section, the arrival of the barge 50 supporting the bridge 51.
- the barge enters from the rear of the lifting and transport device between the groups of floats 1, 2, the support beams 20, 21, 22, 23 being retracted outward in the direction of the arrow.
- the ballasting of the barge is such that it allows it to pass freely under the box girder 19.
- the bridge is maintained on the barge, in known manner, the ends of the legs of the bridge cooperating with support columns forming part of '' a lattice structure attached to the deck of the barge.
- the ends of the support columns of the barge have a shape and a relative position identical to those of the columns of the marine structure or "jacket".
- the height of the columns is provided so that, under the buoyancy conditions defined above, the structure of the bridge is at a level higher than that of the support beams 20, 21, 22, 23.
- the support beams are removed ( Fig. 13) inwards, in the direction of the arrows, so as to bring the forks 31 under the supports 39 fixed to the legs of the bridge.
- the two previous operations are carried out without modifying the ballasting of the barge and the lifting device.
- the device is unballasted to increase its buoyancy and bring the forks 31 and the supports 39 into contact (Fig. 14).
- Deballasting is continued so that the load rests entirely on the support beams via the forks 31 and the supports 39 (Fig. 15).
- Deballasting is continued to completely disengage the barge 50 (Fig.
- the device carrying the load is towed to the installation site (Fig. 17) and, after possible deballasting, is placed above the structure to support the load, i.e. above the columns of marine structure 52 (Fig. 18).
- the load is positioned exactly below the columns by the operations of the device on its anchors.
- the device is ballasted until the legs of the bridge come into contact with the columns of the structure (Fig. 19) and continued (Fig. 20) until the weight of the load is transferred to the columns.
- the support beams are retracted outwards in the direction of the arrows (Fig. 21) and the device is released from the platform.
- the vertical floats (7, 12) of the middle of the device are preferably placed in communication with the sea to reduce the effects of the swell, the residual movements being absorbed by the elastic supports placed on the forks of the support beams.
- the device according to the invention therefore allows, in a simple manner and without immobilization of significant resources, the fitting or removal of the deck, equipped or not, on marine structures with columns of the "jacket" type or other and, consequently, changing the destination of a platform, provided that these supports have the same relative positions and shapes.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un dispositif de levage et de transport de charge, à flottabilité réglable, pour les travaux en mer, ledit dispositif étant constitué de deux groupes parallèles de flotteurs reliés à une de leurs extrémités, chaque groupe comprenant un flotteur horizontal sur lequel sont fixés, par une de leurs extrémités, des flotteurs verticaux, les autres extrémités étant fixées à des poutres longitudinales, une extrémité d'un groupe étant reliée à une extrémité de l'autre groupe par un flotteur horizontal transversal et des entretoises. L'invention concerne également un procédé pour la mise en oeuvre dudit dispositif.The invention relates to a device for lifting and transporting a load, with adjustable buoyancy, for work at sea, said device consisting of two parallel groups of floats connected at one of their ends, each group comprising a horizontal float on which are fixed, by one of their ends, vertical floats, the other ends being fixed to longitudinal beams, one end of a group being connected to one end of the other group by a horizontal transverse float and spacers. The invention also relates to a method for implementing said device.
Les travaux en mer et notamment la construction ou la maintenance des plateformes pétrolières nécessitent des moyens de transport et de levage puissants faisant appel à des barges et des grues barges dont les capacités limitées posent des problèmes réclamant des solutions complexes et onéreuses.Work at sea and in particular the construction or maintenance of oil platforms require powerful means of transport and lifting using barges and barge cranes whose limited capacities pose problems requiring complex and expensive solutions.
Le brevet français FR-A-2.474.992 décrit un dispositif à flottabilité réglable, selon le préambule de la revendication 1 permettant le levage à des hauteurs importantes de charge dépassant les possibilités des grues barges disponibles. Le dispositif se présente sous la forme d'un U constitué de deux groupes parallèles de flotteurs reliés à une de leurs extrémités par un flotteur d'axe horizontal et par des entretoises en partie démontables. Les flotteurs horizontaux et verticaux sont ballastables. Les flotteurs verticaux d'un groupe sont reliés à leur extrémité émergeante par des entretoises formant une poutre longitudinale. La charge est placée entre les deux poutres longitudinales alors que les pompes et le poste de commande sont disposés sur les entretoises formant poutre transversale à l'extrémité des groupes de flotteurs.French patent FR-A-2,474,992 describes an adjustable buoyancy device, according to the preamble of
Un tel dispositif est utilisé entre autres pour la mise en place des ponts sur les colonnes, lors de la construction ou du démontage des plateformes. Généralement, le pont est amené à pied d'oeuvre sur des barges d'où il est repris par le dispositif à flottabilité réglable qui est amené au-dessus des colonnes et de part et d'autre de celles-ci. Après ballastage, le pont vient reposer sur les colonnes.Such a device is used inter alia for the establishment of bridges on the columns, during the construction or dismantling of the platforms. Generally, the bridge is brought to work on barges from where it is taken up by the adjustable buoyancy device which is brought above the columns and on either side thereof. After ballasting, the bridge comes to rest on the columns.
Le dispositif décrit, ainsi d'ailleurs que tout moyen de levage, s'appliquant sur les bords du pont ou de l'élément de construction, soumet celui-ci à des efforts qui nécessitent un renforcement de la structure pour éviter les déformations. Généralement, la structure d'un pont est prévue pour reposer en quatre points ou plus situés à l'intérieur du périmètre du pont et qui transmettent tous les efforts aux colonnes. La répartition des moments fléchissants dans la structure du pont correspond approximativement à celle d'une poutre reposant en deux points non extrêmes. Dans le cas du levage par ses bords d'un pont tout équipé, la répartition des moments fléchissants correspond à celle d'une poutre reposant à ses extrémités. La réalisation d'une structure de pont susceptible de répondre aux deux conditions entraîne une augmentation des coûts de fabrication non négligeables, par suite de l'augmentation du poids du pont lui-même.The device described, and moreover that any lifting means, applying to the edges of the bridge or of the building element, subjects the latter to forces which require a reinforcement of the structure to avoid deformations. Generally, the structure of a bridge is designed to rest at four or more points located inside the perimeter of the bridge and which transmit all the forces to the columns. The distribution of bending moments in the structure of the bridge roughly corresponds to that of a beam resting at two non-extreme points. In the case of lifting by its edges of a fully equipped bridge, the distribution of the bending moments corresponds to that of a beam resting at its ends. The realization of a bridge structure capable of meeting both conditions leads to a non-negligible increase in manufacturing costs, due to the increase in the weight of the bridge itself.
L'invention a pour but un dispositif de levage, à flottabilité réglable, comportant des moyens de soutien du pont tout équipé ne nécessitant pas un renforcement de sa structure, et un procédé pour la mise en oeuvre dudit dispositif. Suivant l'invention, le dispositif est caractérisé en ce que les poutres longitudinales portent des poutres mobiles de soutien tranversales susceptibles de se déplacer selon leur axe longitudinal pour se placer sous une charge à lever et à transporter. Un procédé pour la mise en oeuvre du dispositif est caractérisé par les caractéristiques de la revendication 10.The object of the invention is a lifting device, with adjustable buoyancy, comprising means for supporting the fully equipped bridge, which does not require a strengthening of its structure, and a method for the implementation of said device. According to the invention, the device is characterized in that the longitudinal beams carry movable transverse support beams capable of moving along their longitudinal axis to be placed under a load to be lifted and transported. A method for implementing the device is characterized by the features of
Les explications et figures données ci-après à titre d'exemple permettront de comprendre comment l'invention peut être réalisée.
- La figure 1 représente une vue longitudinale du dispositif selon l'invention.
- La figure 2 est une vue en plan du même dispositif.
- La figure 3 est une vue selon la coupe III III de la figure 1.
- La figure 4 est une vue selon la coupe IV IV de la figure 1.
- La figure 5 est une vue en plan et en coupe partielle d'une poutre de soutien.
- La figure 6 est une vue en coupe selon VI VI de la figure 5.
- La figure 7 est une vue selon VII de la figure 6.
- La figure 8 est une vue à plus grande échelle du détail VIII de la figure 6.
- La figure 9 est une vue selon IX de la figure 8.
- La figure 10 est une vue en coupe selon X X de la figure 8.
- La figure 11 représente une vue de côté et partiellement arrachée de la première étape du procédé de mise en oeuvre du dispositif de l'invention.
- Les figures 12 à 22 montrent les différentes étapes du procédé selon l'invention, vues selon la coupe XII XII de la figure 11.
- Figure 1 shows a longitudinal view of the device according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a plan view of the same device.
- FIG. 3 is a view according to section III III of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is a view along section IV IV of FIG. 1.
- Figure 5 is a plan view and partial section of a support beam.
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view along VI VI of FIG. 5.
- FIG. 7 is a view along VII of FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of detail VIII of FIG. 6.
- FIG. 9 is a view along IX of FIG. 8.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view along XX of FIG. 8.
- FIG. 11 represents a side view and partially cut away of the first step of the method of implementing the device of the invention.
- FIGS. 12 to 22 show the different stages of the method according to the invention, seen according to section XII XII of FIG. 11.
Les figures 1 et 2 montrent en vue longitudinale et en plan le dispositif à flottabilité réglable, selon l'invention, constitué de deux groupes parallèles 1 et 2 de flotteurs. Chaque groupe comprend un flotteur horizontal 3, 4 sur lequel sont fixés par une de leurs extrémités, des flotteurs verticaux 5 à 14.Figures 1 and 2 show in longitudinal view and in plan the adjustable buoyancy device according to the invention, consisting of two
Les deux groupes sont reliés à une de leurs extrémités par des flotteurs horizontaux transversaux 15, 16, (Fig. 4). Selon le mode de réalisation représenté, les flotteurs 15 et 16 sont fixés au droit des flotteurs verticaux 9 et 14 d'extrémité et des avant-derniers flotteurs 8, 13 disposés approximativement au quart de la longueur des groupes par rapport à une extrémité.The two groups are connected at one of their ends by transverse
Les flotteurs verticaux sont maintenus à leur partie supérieure par des poutres longitudinales 17 et 18 et par une poutre caisson transversale 19 recouvrant tout l'espace compris entre les flotteurs verticaux 13, 14, 8, 9. La poutre caisson est fixée sur la face supérieure des poutres longitudinales 17, 18. Au moins une partie des flotteurs horizontaux et verticaux sont divisés en compartiments par des cloisons étanches (non représentées) et sont équipés de circuits de ballastage et d'assèchement (non représentés) commandant la flottabilité et l'attitude du dispositif.The vertical floats are held at their upper part by
Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté, les flotteurs verticaux 7 et 12, disposés approximativement à la partie médiane de chaque groupe, peuvent être mis éventuellement en communication, d'une part, avec la mer par des moyens constitués de vannes de gros diamètre et, d'autre part, avec l'atmosphère par des purges d'air.In the embodiment shown, the
Lorsque les communications sont assurées, les mouvements du dispositif de levage due à la houle, sont fortement diminués.When communications are ensured, the movements of the lifting device due to swell are greatly reduced.
L'espace compris entre les flotteurs verticaux 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12 est entièrement libre dans le sens vertical et longitudinal, et celui compris entre tes flotteurs 8.9.13.14 est libre longitudinalement et limité dans le sens vertical par la poutre caisson 19 et les flotteurs horizontaux 15, 16. Selon l'exemple de réalisation, le passage libre vertical entre les flotteurs horizontaux 15, 16 et la poutre 19 est de l'ordre de 15 mètres et le passage libre transversal, de l'ordre de 30 mètres.The space between the
Le long des poutres longitudinales 17, 18 sont disposées des poutres mobiles transversales de soutien 20, 21, 22, 23 susceptibles de se déplacer selon leur axe longitudinal. Les poutres peuvent être également déplacées le long des poutres longitudinales 17, 18 et immobilisées, par des moyens connus, en des positions déterminées en fonction des caractéristiques dimensionnelles de la charge.Along the
La réalisation des poutres mobiles de soutien sera décrite ultérieurement.The production of the mobile support beams will be described later.
Le dispositif à flottabilité réglable selon l'invention est équipé de huit ancres 27, 28 montées à l'extrémité de câbles enroulés sur des treuils 24 et 25, sur lesquelles il peut se hâler ou s'immobiliser. La répartition des ancres est la suivante : quatre ancres 28 à l'avant, deux à babord et deux à tribord, et quatre ancres 27, à l'arrière, deux à babord et deux à tribord. Ces ancres permettent entre autres les déplacements transversaux et longitudinaux du dispositif. Les treuils 24 et 25 sont disposés dans la poutre caisson 19 et les ancres 28 de babord sont commandées par les treuils 25 de tribord et inversement pour les ancres de tribord. Cette disposition permet un bon enroulement des câbles sur les treuils.The adjustable buoyancy device according to the invention is equipped with eight
La poutre caisson 19, dont la fonction principale est d'assurer une liaison rigide et indéformable entre les deux groupes de flotteurs, est aménagée sur deux étages en locaux d'habitation et locaux techniques.The
Selon une particularité de ces locaux, la poutre caisson est entièrement étanche, les accès et sorties sont prévus uniquement sur la partie supérieure ou toit de la poutre. Des moyens connus, tels qu'échelles et/ou escaliers relient le toit aux poutres longitudinales 17, 18.According to a particularity of these premises, the box girder is completely sealed, the accesses and exits are provided only on the upper part or roof of the beam. Known means, such as ladders and / or stairs, connect the roof to the
Les poutres mobiles de soutien 20, 21, 22, 23 représentées figures 5, 6, 7 sont constituées d'un bras 26 formé d'une structure caisson parallélépipédique 29 présentant une extrémité prismatique 30 munie d'une fourche 31. Ce bras coulisse longitudinalement entre les branches d'un étrier 32 sur une semelle 33 constituée, par exemple, en un bronze antifriction. Des patins 34 d'appui et de friction fixés à une traverse 35 reliant l'extrémité des branches de l'étrier, reprennent les efforts de basculement du bras. A la partie supérieure du bras est fixée une crémaillère 36 coopérant avec un pignon 37 monté en bout d'arbre d'un moteur 38 fixé à la traverse 35. La commande de ce moteur permet le déplacement du bras 26 et son positionnement sous des moyens supports 39 fixés à la charge. Les doigts 311, 312 de la fourche 31 portent des appuis 40, 41, élastiques, formés de manière connue de couches alternées d'élastomère et de feuilles métalliques vulcanisées ensemble. Le rôle de ces appuis sera précisé ultérieurement.The movable support beams 20, 21, 22, 23 shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 7 consist of an
Les appuis 40, 41 viennent en contact avec les supports 39 (Fig. 6) fixés à la charge.The supports 40, 41 come into contact with the supports 39 (Fig. 6) fixed to the load.
Les figures 8, 9, 10 montrent à plus grande échelle différentes vues du détail VIII de la figure 6. Le pont de la plateforme dont une partie des éléments est représentée en trait interrompu, est constitué de poutres principales prenant appui sur des jambes porteuses 42. Les poutres principales portent des jambres destinées à servir d'appui à la structure du pont lorsqu'elle reposera sur les colonnes de la structure marine ou "jacket". Pour faciliter le positionnement des jambes sur les colonnes, une pièce cylindro-conique de centrage 43 est fixée à l'extrémité des jambes et est susceptible de s'engager dans les tubes qui forment les colonnes du jacket.Figures 8, 9, 10 show on a larger scale different views of detail VIII of Figure 6. The deck of the platform of which a part of the elements is shown in broken lines, consists of main beams bearing on load-
Afin de permettre le levage du pont par ses jambes, on a prévu un support 39 formant un U dont la branche transversale 44 porte un alésage central 45 susceptible de recevoir le tuble 42. Les branches latérales 46, 47 du U sont, vues en élévation, triangulaires, et forment vis-à-vis de la branche transversale 44 des goussets de renfort qui reprennent les efforts exercés aux extrémités de ladite branche. Le support 39 est soudé perpendiculairement au tube 42 le long de son alésage central et, par ses branches latérales, selon une génératrice du tube. La branche 44 forme deux traverses de longueur suffisante pour reposer sur les acquis 40, 41 de la fourche 31. Les appuis élastiques 40, 41 jouent le rôle d'amortisseurs et évitent les chocs violents qui pourraient se produire lors du levage et/ou de la mise en place du pont lui conférant un certain degré de liberté dans le sens transversal (montré par la flèche Fig. 9).In order to allow the lifting of the bridge by its legs, there is provided a
Le dispositif de levage et de transport, selon un exemple de réalisation de l'invention, a une longueur hors tout de 61 mètres, une largeur hors tout de 41 mètres et une hauteur de 19 mètres aux poutres longitudinales et 24 mètres à la poutre caisson. Il est capable de transporter et de soulever une charge de l'ordre de 2.000 tonnes. Les quartiers d'habitation sont prévus pour 80 hommes.The lifting and transport device, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, has a length overall width of 61 meters, overall width of 41 meters and height of 19 meters with longitudinal beams and 24 meters with box girder. It is capable of transporting and lifting a load of around 2,000 tonnes. The living quarters are planned for 80 men.
Le procédé pour la mise en oeuvre du dispositif de levage et de transport, selon l'invention, est décrit par rapport à une charge, qui, selon un exemple, est représentée par un pont de plateforme entièrement équipé, soit d'installations à usage d'habitations, soit d'installations techniques de forage ou d'exploitation.The method for implementing the lifting and transport device, according to the invention, is described with respect to a load, which, according to one example, is represented by a fully equipped platform bridge, either of installations for use dwellings, either technical drilling or operating installations.
Les figures 11 à 22 montrent les différentes étapes d'un levage et d'une mise en place d'un pont sur les colonnes de la structure marine.Figures 11 to 22 show the different stages of lifting and placing a bridge on the columns of the marine structure.
Les figures 11 et 12 montrent, vue en élévation et en coupe, l'arrivée de la barge 50 supportant le pont 51. La barge pénètre par l'arrière du dispositif de levage et de transport entre les groupes de flotteurs 1, 2, les poutres de soutien 20, 21, 22, 23 étant rétractées vers l'extérieur dans le sens de la flèche. Le ballastage de la barge est tel qu'il permet à celle-ci de passer librement sous la poutre caisson 19. Le pont est maintenu sur la barge, de manière connue, les extrémités des jambes du pont coopérant avec des colonnes supports faisant partie d'une structure treillis fixée sur le pont de la barge. Les extrémités des colonnes supports de la barge ont une forme et une position relative identiques à celles des colonnes de la structure marine ou "jacket". La hauteur des colonnes est prévue de manière que, dans les conditions de flottabilité ci-dessus définies, la structure du pont soit à un niveau supérieur à celui des poutres de soutien 20, 21, 22, 23. On sort les poutres de soutien (Fig. 13) vers l'intérieur, dans le sens des flèches, de manière à amener les fourches 31 sous les supports 39 fixés aux jambes du pont. Les deux opérations précédentes sont faites sans modification du ballastage de la barge et du dispositif de levage. On débal- laste le dispositif pour augmenter sa flottabilité et mettre en contact les fourches 31 et les supports 39 (Fig. 14). On poursuit le déballastage de manière que la charge repose entièrement sur les poutres de soutien par l'intermédiaire des fourches 31 et des supports 39 (Fig. 15). On continue le déballastage pour dégager totalement la barge 50 (Fig. 16) et l'évacuer soit vers l'avant, soit vers l'arrière du dispositif. Le dispositif portant la charge est remorqué vers le site d'installation (Fig. 17) et, après déballastage éventuel, est placé au-dessus de l'ouvrage devant supporter la charge, c'est-à-dire au-dessus des colonnes de la structure marine 52 (Fig. 18). La charge est positionnée exactement à l'aplomb des colonnes par les manoeuvres du dispositif sur ses ancres. Le dispositif est ballasté jusqu'à mise en contact des jambes du pont avec les colonnes de la structure (Fig. 19) et continué (Fig. 20) jusqu'au transfert du poids de la charge sur les colonnes. Les poutres de soutien sont rétractées vers l'extérieur dans le sens des flèches (Fig. 21) et le dispositif est dégagé de la plateforme.Figures 11 and 12 show, in elevation and in section, the arrival of the
Pendant les opérations préparant le transfert de charge de la barge de transport au dispositif ou du dispositif à la structure marine, on met de préférence les flotteurs verticaux (7, 12) du milieu du dispositif en communication avec la mer pour diminuer les effets de la houle, les mouvements résiduels étant absorbés par les appuis élastiques disposés sur les fourches des poutres de soutien.During the operations preparing the transfer of load from the transport barge to the device or from the device to the marine structure, the vertical floats (7, 12) of the middle of the device are preferably placed in communication with the sea to reduce the effects of the swell, the residual movements being absorbed by the elastic supports placed on the forks of the support beams.
Le dispositif, selon l'invention, permet donc de façon simple et sans immobilisation de moyens importants, la pose ou la dépose du pont, équipé ou non, sur des structures marines à colonnes du type "jacket" ou autres et, par conséquent, la modification de destination d'une plateforme, pourvu que ces supports aient les mêmes positions relatives et formes.The device according to the invention therefore allows, in a simple manner and without immobilization of significant resources, the fitting or removal of the deck, equipped or not, on marine structures with columns of the "jacket" type or other and, consequently, changing the destination of a platform, provided that these supports have the same relative positions and shapes.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8119164A FR2514317A1 (en) | 1981-10-12 | 1981-10-12 | ADJUSTABLE FLOATABLE LOAD LIFTING AND TRANSPORTING DEVICE FOR WORKS AT SEA AND METHOD FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SAID DEVICE |
FR8119164 | 1981-10-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0090006A1 EP0090006A1 (en) | 1983-10-05 |
EP0090006B1 true EP0090006B1 (en) | 1988-03-23 |
Family
ID=9262960
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82903047A Expired EP0090006B1 (en) | 1981-10-12 | 1982-10-12 | Floating device and procedure for hoisting and transporting loads |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US4556004A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0090006B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS58501587A (en) |
AU (1) | AU549720B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8207921A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3278264D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2514317A1 (en) |
SU (1) | SU1308189A3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1983001235A1 (en) |
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FI850993L (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1985-09-17 | Rosenbauer Kg Konrad | UTRYCKNINGSFORDON, SPECIELLT TANKSLAECKNINGSFORDON FOER FLYGFAELT. |
US4589877A (en) * | 1984-08-27 | 1986-05-20 | E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. | Male incontinence device |
JPS6168917A (en) * | 1984-09-11 | 1986-04-09 | Sankiyuu Kk | Method of installing off-shore platform |
FR2581020A1 (en) * | 1985-04-24 | 1986-10-31 | Marion Henri Albert | METHOD FOR TRANSPORTING AND TRANSFERRING A LOAD CONSTITUTING A COMPLETE EQUIPMENT OF A BRIDGE OF A MARINE PLATFORM AND MEANS FOR IMPLEMENTING THE PROCESS |
US4744697A (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1988-05-17 | Heerema Engineering Service Bv | Installation and removal vessel |
GB2156286A (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1985-10-09 | Heerema Engineering | Installation and removal vessel |
IT1184238B (en) * | 1985-06-19 | 1987-10-22 | Saipem Spa | PROCEDURE FOR THE INSTALLATION OF THE MONOBLOCK SUPERSTRUCTURE OF AN OFFSHORE PLATFORM AND EQUIPMENT FOR ITS PRACTICE |
FR2604413A1 (en) * | 1986-09-26 | 1988-04-01 | Technip Geoproduction | Method for moving an offshore drilling and production platform from one site to another |
FR2657582A1 (en) * | 1990-01-31 | 1991-08-02 | Bouygues Offshore | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECOVERING THE SUB-STRUCTURE OF A PLATFORM AT SEA WITHOUT DISASSEMBLING IT |
US5037241A (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1991-08-06 | Exxon Production Research Company | Method and apparatus for setting a superstructure onto an offshore platform |
US5553977A (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 1996-09-10 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Off-shore platform construction, and method for transferring loads |
AU719838B2 (en) * | 1996-03-12 | 2000-05-18 | Kvaerner Oil & Gas Ltd | Transportation system and installation method |
NL1004682C2 (en) * | 1996-12-03 | 1998-06-15 | Allseas Group Sa | Apparatus and method for lifting a seagoing construction, for example a drilling platform. |
US6299383B1 (en) * | 1997-10-15 | 2001-10-09 | Deep Oil Technology, Inc. | Method for deck installations on offshore substructure |
US5924822A (en) * | 1997-10-15 | 1999-07-20 | Deep Oil Technology, Incorporated | Method for deck installation on an offshore substructure |
FR2779754B1 (en) | 1998-06-12 | 2000-08-25 | Technip Geoproduction | DEVICE FOR TRANSPORTING AND LAYING A BRIDGE OF AN OIL PLATFORM FOR EXPLOITATION AT SEA |
NO314133B1 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2003-02-03 | Master Marine As | Procedure for offshore cargo transfer operations and floats for transport, installation and removal of offshore structural elements |
US6148759A (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2000-11-21 | J. Ray Mcdermott, S.A. | Remote ROV launch and recovery apparatus |
NO313130B1 (en) | 1999-06-07 | 2002-08-19 | Mpu Entpr As | Device for positioning and lifting a marine structure, especially a platform tire |
NO315111B1 (en) * | 1999-06-07 | 2003-07-14 | Mpu Entpr As | Löftefartöy for positioning, lifting and handling of a marine structure |
NO313503B1 (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2002-10-14 | Logos As | Floating lifting device |
AU2001237824A1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-08-27 | Jan Vatsvag | A semi-submersible offshore lifting structure, and a method for using the same |
NL1014786C2 (en) | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-02 | Excalibur Engineering B V | Device for lifting a seagoing construction such as a drilling platform, provided with lifting members running parallel to each other. |
NO20010703D0 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2001-02-09 | Marine Shuttle Operations As | Method and apparatus for removing platform parts |
NO316696B1 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2004-04-05 | Mpu Entpr As | Ballastable lifting vessel and method for lofting, transporting, positioning and installation of at least ± n marine construction, in particular ± n or more wind turbines |
NO315898B1 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2003-11-10 | Mpu Entpr As | Ballastable lifting vessel and method for using a ballastable lifting vessel for lifting, transporting, positioning and installation of at least ± nmarin construction, preferably ± n or more wind turbines |
GB0413849D0 (en) * | 2004-06-21 | 2004-07-21 | Heerema Marine Contractors Nl | Offshore vessels for supporting structures to be placed on or removed from the seabed or offshore installations |
FR2908733B1 (en) * | 2006-11-22 | 2009-01-16 | Technip France Sa | STRUCTURE FOR TRANSPORTING, INSTALLING AND DISMANTLING A BRIDGE OF A PETROLEUM PLATFORM AND METHODS OF IMPLEMENTING SUCH A STRUCTURE |
EP2091808B1 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2013-10-16 | Technip France | Structure for the transport, installation and dismantling of an oil rig deck and method for using one such structure |
FR2923454B1 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2010-01-15 | Freyssinet | METHOD OF TRANSPORTING AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT OF A CIVIL WORK |
FR2932453B1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2010-05-28 | Technip France | STRUCTURE FOR TRANSPORTING AND INSTALLING OR RECOVERING UNDERWATER EQUIPMENT AND METHOD FOR TRANSPORTING AND INSTALLING OR RECOVERING UNDERWATER EQUIPMENT |
FR2939401B1 (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2013-07-26 | Technip France | DEVICE FOR TRANSPORTING AND INSTALLING A BRIDGE OF A PETROLEUM PLATFORM FOR OPERATING AT SEA ON A FLOATING OR FIXED STRUCTURE. |
US8312828B2 (en) * | 2009-01-26 | 2012-11-20 | Technip France | Preloading to reduce loads and save steel on topsides and grillage of catamaran systems |
EP2607225B1 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2018-04-11 | Openhydro IP Limited | A method of transporting a hydroelectric turbine system |
NL2015537B1 (en) * | 2015-10-01 | 2017-04-20 | Mammoet Eng B V | Lifting or lowering of heavy payloads. |
CN110482151B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2024-04-12 | 招商局邮轮制造有限公司 | Trolley for luxury mailbox wheel sectional manufacturing and transporting assembly line |
RU2719053C1 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-04-17 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Крыловский государственный научный центр" (ФГУП Крыловский государственный научный центр") | Device for transporting a production module and floating it on a stationary marine support base of single-column type |
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US3078680A (en) * | 1958-12-15 | 1963-02-26 | Jersey Prod Res Co | Floating rig mover |
US3391666A (en) * | 1966-10-17 | 1968-07-09 | Schuller & Allen Inc | Variably stabilized floating platforms |
US3731821A (en) * | 1970-09-15 | 1973-05-08 | B Wallis | Article transfer device |
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NL7710267A (en) * | 1977-09-19 | 1979-03-21 | Ir Arie Van Der Landen | METHOD OF BUILDING A MARINE CONSTRUCTION AND FOR BUILDING AND TRANSPORTING THE SUPERSTRUCTURE THEREOF, AND VESSEL USING THEREOF. |
US4285629A (en) * | 1978-05-18 | 1981-08-25 | Elliston Thomas L | Fire fighting boom assembly for service vessel |
FR2425973A1 (en) * | 1978-10-16 | 1979-12-14 | Sedco Inc | Offshore platform fire-fighting jib - with four freedom(s) of motion for nozzle or claws carrying jib (NL 20.11.79) |
FR2474992B1 (en) * | 1980-02-05 | 1987-11-27 | Doris Dev Richesse Sous Marine | FLOATING DEVICE FOR WORK AT SEA |
-
1981
- 1981-10-12 FR FR8119164A patent/FR2514317A1/en active Granted
-
1982
- 1982-10-12 BR BR8207921A patent/BR8207921A/en unknown
- 1982-10-12 JP JP57503122A patent/JPS58501587A/en active Granted
- 1982-10-12 WO PCT/FR1982/000166 patent/WO1983001235A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1982-10-12 EP EP82903047A patent/EP0090006B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-12 DE DE8282903047T patent/DE3278264D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-12 US US06/503,158 patent/US4556004A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-10-12 AU AU89948/82A patent/AU549720B2/en not_active Ceased
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1983
- 1983-06-10 SU SU833609891A patent/SU1308189A3/en active
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WO1983001235A1 (en) | 1983-04-14 |
EP0090006A1 (en) | 1983-10-05 |
FR2514317B1 (en) | 1983-12-23 |
SU1308189A3 (en) | 1987-04-30 |
DE3278264D1 (en) | 1988-04-28 |
AU8994882A (en) | 1983-04-27 |
US4556004A (en) | 1985-12-03 |
JPH0144557B2 (en) | 1989-09-28 |
AU549720B2 (en) | 1986-02-06 |
BR8207921A (en) | 1983-09-13 |
FR2514317A1 (en) | 1983-04-15 |
JPS58501587A (en) | 1983-09-22 |
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