Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
  • D04H1/60—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in dry state, e.g. thermo-activatable agents in solid or molten state, and heat being applied subsequently
  • D04H1/62—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in dry state, e.g. thermo-activatable agents in solid or molten state, and heat being applied subsequently at spaced points or locations
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
  • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
  • Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
  • Y10T156/1039—Surface deformation only of sandwich or lamina [e.g., embossed panels]
  • Y10T156/1041—Subsequent to lamination
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
  • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
  • Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
  • Y10T156/1043—Subsequent to assembly
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2762—Coated or impregnated natural fiber fabric [e.g., cotton, wool, silk, linen, etc.]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2762—Coated or impregnated natural fiber fabric [e.g., cotton, wool, silk, linen, etc.]
  • Y10T442/277—Coated or impregnated cellulosic fiber fabric
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2861—Coated or impregnated synthetic organic fiber fabric
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2861—Coated or impregnated synthetic organic fiber fabric
  • Y10T442/2893—Coated or impregnated polyamide fiber fabric

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for solidifying a nonwoven, in which a pattern-like, crosslinkable binder is applied to the surface, crosslinked and solidified, the binder being temporarily liquefied using pressure and heat and pressed into the nonwoven.
• Such a method is known from GB-PS 1 539 810.
• the fleece is formed by sprinkling separated fibers onto a moving substrate, with particles of a binder being introduced into the layer thus formed simultaneously with the fibers.
• the particles are liquefied by heating the layer, and this is then subjected to an electronic blasting treatment after a subsequent pressing in order to achieve crosslinking of the binder.
• the strength of the nonwoven fabric thus obtained is unsatisfactory.
• Methods are also known in which the binder is suspended in a carrier liquid and applied in this form to the nonwoven.
• the removal of the carrier liquid and the crosslinking of the binder are carried out at the same time in the course of heating, but binding migration, i. H. a relative depletion of binder in certain cross-sectional areas of the nonwoven must be accepted.
• the fibers of the nonwoven adhere to one another less firmly in these areas, which is equivalent to the fact that the degree of solidification which can be achieved per se is achieved only to an insufficient extent.
• the procedure for producing spot-bonded nonwovens is corresponding.
• the carrier liquid is then removed by final drying and at the same time the binder is crosslinked during its solidification.
• a uniform binder distribution, based on the cross-section of the nonwoven fabric, cannot be achieved here either, because the carrier liquid evaporating from the surface during drying sucks residual liquid from the interior of the fiber structure in the direction of the surfaces and thus at the same time a portion of the binder volume originally contained in the interior. For this reason, the fibers in the interior and possibly on the back of the nonwoven are not bonded to one another sufficiently firmly, which in addition to delamination phenomena can lead to poor pilling values on the back.
• the invention has for its object to develop an easy-to-implement method, preferably for the point consolidation of a nonwoven, which enables a uniform bonding of all fibers distributed over the cross section by means of a crosslinked binder and thus the achievement of an optimal strength.
• the binder is heat-crosslinkable and applied to the nonwoven in a carrier liquid, that the carrier liquid is removed from the nonwoven by heat before the binder is liquefied and that pressure and heat until the spatial definition of the wetted fibers are maintained in the matrix formed by the crosslinking of the binder.
• the binder By introducing the binder into a carrier liquid it is first possible to distribute the binder relatively evenly over the cross-section of the treated nonwoven.
• the carrier liquid is then removed at temperatures at which liquefaction and thus crosslinking of the binder has not yet occurred, ie. H. in a gentle way.
• the uniformity of the binder distribution disturbing rearrangements are avoided in spite of a sharp reduction in the effective moisture content.
• the remaining binder constituents are deposited evenly on the fibers and cause them to bond evenly during the subsequent heating. Both the liquefaction and the solidification of the binder occur quite spontaneously during the crosslinking reactions required for this, which enables continuous work on a calender system.
• the crosslinking reaction has not yet been completed when the binder is transferred from the liquid to the solid phase, the mechanical resistance of the matrix formed is sufficiently large to successfully counteract a subsequent change in the position of the bound fibers, even if the pressure decreases.
• the final crosslinking of the binder can therefore take place without pressure, for example by heating as the nonwoven is passed through a tempering chamber.
• the crosslinkable binder is preferred applied point by point to the nonwoven fabric to be consolidated, ie in the form of tiny, closely adjacent surface G- areas which can optionally also touch one another or which can optionally also merge into one another. In these areas, the fibers are glued in the same way, based on the cross-section, and they lie more or less loosely on one another in the intermediate zones.
• the binding technology described leads to the fact that the nonwoven in the areas containing the binder is thin and strongly compressed, whereas in the intermediate areas it is bulky and voluminous in accordance with the original thickness and properties of the nonwoven used.
• the intermediate areas can determine the overall impression of the finished nonwoven with a correspondingly fine design and correspondingly fine mutual assignment of the binder-containing areas and give it an extraordinarily soft feel.
• nonwovens made from natural and / or synthetic fibers can be treated.
• Polyester, polyamide and / or cotton fibers and the like are particularly suitable.
• Synthetic fibers are generally preferred because of their higher wear resistance, their crimping and their elasticity.
• the fibers are spread over a wide area using known methods, with the aim of uniform fiber density and distribution in all areas.
• the goal can be achieved particularly well by using a carding device, an air laying device or a direct spinning device.
• the fabric can be pre-consolidated and compacted immediately after being deposited, for example by needling and / or by passing it through a pair of heated rollers.
• the preferred crosslinkable binders are self-crosslinking acrylic esters, self-crosslinking ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and self-crosslinking synthetic rubbers such as SBR and NBR.
• binders that require a crosslinking agent to crosslink can also be used.
• a paste of an emulsion or the like is generally applied directly to the nonwoven fabric, for example with the aid of a rotary screen printing stencil or a doctor blade device.
• the printed nonwoven fabric is preferably dried in a dryer, if possible not longer than 5 minutes at a temperature of at most 80 ° C., in order to remove the moisture contained while avoiding crosslinking reactions of the binder.
• the nonwoven fabric provided with the binder is then subjected to the action of heat and pressure in order to distribute and crosslink and solidify the temporarily liquefying binder evenly over the cross section of the nonwoven fabric.
• the temperatures required for this are between 150 and 250 ° C with a line pressure of maximum 50 kg / cm.
• the binder-containing parts of the nonwoven fabric are thereby compressed so that they are completely soaked through to the back of the temporarily liquefying binder which is initially only partially arranged on the surface of the nonwoven fabric. They are fixed in this form and then form thin and highly compacted areas.
• the crosslinking process initiated during the calendering treatment is completed by a subsequent heat treatment, as a result of which the properties of the sheet material sought by the introduction of the binder undergo a lasting improvement, in particular an improvement in the washing and cleaning resistance with good softness and flexibility.
• the calender conditions for a partially applied binder are set so sharply that the crosslinking reaction is completely completed during the calendering process, the resulting nonwoven fabric as a whole has a significantly higher fiber density and a hard feel.
• the unbound areas In the case of a nonwoven fabric partially consolidated by the proposed method, the unbound areas have almost their original density, and they are securely held in partially compressed, thin and bonded areas with a relatively reduced thickness.
• the non-bonded surface areas therefore have a very low bending resistance and they give the consolidated nonwoven a soft, textile-like feel. Since the bonded partial areas spring back in relief behind the unbound areas that essentially determine the surface, such a nonwoven fabric does not tend to dissolve when the surface is subjected to an abrasive load and is particularly resistant to washing and cleaning processes.
• the nonwoven fabric Due to the good integration of the unbound partial areas into the bound partial areas, the nonwoven fabric has good inherent strength, which, with a correspondingly fine design and mutual assignment of the bound areas, enables the surface to be given a florally homogeneous appearance and a soft feel.
• a non-woven fabric is produced from polyester fibers with a titer of 1 denier and a stack length of 38 mm, which has a basis weight of 30 g / m 2 with a uniformly disordered fiber structure.
• the nonwoven fabric is then compressed and pre-consolidated by passing it through a steel calender, the rollers of which are at a mutual distance of 0.05 mm at a temperature of 150 ° C.
• the steel rollers exert a force of 30 kg / cm on the nonwoven fabric. This is then inherently firm, but only to the extent that a non-destructive removal of individual fibers is readily possible, for example under the influence of external forces.
• the binder paste consists of a self-crosslinking acrylic ester emulsion and it has a viscosity of 15000 cps at a 40% concentration.
• the rotary screen printing stencil for applying the binder paste has a zigzag-shaped, rectangular pattern, each rectangle being 0.9 x 0.6 mm in size.
• the binder plastic covers 15% of the total area of the printed fabric. It contains 13 g of pure binder per square meter.
• the nonwoven fabric with the binder paste printed thereon is transferred to a dryer and dried at a temperature of 80 ° C. for about 5 minutes, the moisture contained in the binder emulsion being removed while avoiding a crosslinking reaction.
• the nonwoven fabric is then transferred to a calender which has a steel and a cotton roller. These are heated to a temperature of 190 ° C. and are in contact with the nonwoven fabric with a force of 30 kp / cm, the crosslinkable binder initially on the surface being temporarily liquefied and pressed into the interior of the nonwoven fabric. The binder completely penetrates the nonwoven fabric to the back in a distribution corresponding to the original print pattern, and it is crosslinked and solidified in this form and distribution. The crosslinking process is completed by a final heat treatment at 150 ° C for a period of 5 minutes.
• the fibers in the unbound areas return to their original shape after a short period of time.
• the finished nonwoven thus returns to its original thickness and is characterized by good suppleness, a firm bond, high wash resistance and good cleaning resistance.
• a binder of self-crosslinking acrylic ester emulsion was partially applied to a 70 g / m 2 non-woven fabric made of polyester fibers with a thickness of 1.5 denier and a cut length of 51 mm, as described in Example 1.
• the binder had a 49% concentration and a viscosity of 15,000 cps.
• the rotary screen printing stencil used to apply the binder emulsion had a rectangular zigzag pattern, with each rectangle measuring 2.5 x 0.4 mm.
• the areas printed with binder emulsion then covered 15% of the total area. They contained 30 g of pure binder per square meter.
• the nonwoven fabric was then subjected to drying under the conditions of Example 1 and then transferred to the same calender.
• the calender conditions were characterized by a temperature of 190 ° C and a line pressure of 40 kp / cm.
• a heat treatment at 150 ° C. was then carried out for 10 minutes.
• a highly supple fleece was obtained with a very precisely structured unevenness between the bound and the unbound parts.
• the fleece was roughened with emery paper of 240 grit. The result was a product with a well patterned pile, fine appearance and good grip.
• a binder paste print made of self-crosslinking acrylic ester emulsion was applied to a detachable silicone conveyor belt.
• the concentration and viscosity of the binding medium, the sieve pattern, the binding surface and the dry weight of the binding medium corresponded to the information from Example 2.
• the moisture from the binding paste print was completely removed by using a dryer with a temperature of 80 ° C., careful care being taken that cross-linking reactions did not occur.
• a nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 70 g / m 2 was then applied to the top.
• the nonwoven fabric consisted of rayon staple fibers with a titer of 1.5 denier and a cutting length of 51 mm.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=16207057

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (31)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1981
  • 1981-11-20 JP JP56187495A patent/JPS5891859A/ja active Granted
• 1982
  • 1982-08-18 ZA ZA826020A patent/ZA826020B/xx unknown
  • 1982-10-06 ES ES516251A patent/ES516251A0/es active Granted
  • 1982-10-15 US US06/434,475 patent/US4451315A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1982-10-21 CA CA000413944A patent/CA1201627A/en not_active Expired
  • 1982-10-27 AR AR291111A patent/AR230073A1/es active
  • 1982-11-15 EP EP82110535A patent/EP0080144B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-11-15 DE DE8282110535T patent/DE3269701D1/de not_active Expired

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