EP0078747A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Relaxieren von Gewirk - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Relaxieren von Gewirk Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0078747A1
EP0078747A1 EP82402013A EP82402013A EP0078747A1 EP 0078747 A1 EP0078747 A1 EP 0078747A1 EP 82402013 A EP82402013 A EP 82402013A EP 82402013 A EP82402013 A EP 82402013A EP 0078747 A1 EP0078747 A1 EP 0078747A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
knitted fabric
knitting
projection
projected
knitted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82402013A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0078747B1 (de
Inventor
Eugène Voisin
Philippe Aujard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre Technique Industriel Dit Institut Textile
Original Assignee
Agence National de Valorisation de la Recherche ANVAR
Institut Francais Textile et Habillement
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agence National de Valorisation de la Recherche ANVAR, Institut Francais Textile et Habillement filed Critical Agence National de Valorisation de la Recherche ANVAR
Publication of EP0078747A1 publication Critical patent/EP0078747A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0078747B1 publication Critical patent/EP0078747B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C19/00—Breaking or softening of fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C21/00—Shrinking by compressing

Definitions

  • Knitting pieces are understood to mean pieces falling from hosiery, they can therefore be in a tubular form in the case of circular knitting looms or in a flat form in the case of other trades, in particular rectilinear or Rachel.
  • Such a piece of knitted fabric or articles produced with it are subjected to washing, there are significant shrinkages, which present a real inconvenience to the user.
  • a relaxation treatment is to bring the knitted fabric into the state which corresponds to the minimum of constraints; in this state of equilibrium, specific to the. knit, the relaxed knit will theoretically be dimensionally stable. In fact all relaxation treatments tend towards this theoretical result, so that the dimensional variations of the knit are as small as possible.
  • Moisture can come from previous treatments, the knitting piece being introduced into the relaxation equipment in the wet state, for example after a simple spin. Humidity can also be introduced directly into the relaxation process in the form of saturated vapor or spray.
  • the agitation of the knitted fabric is caused in particular either by mechanical members which come into contact with the knitted fabric, or by means which vibrate the knitted conveyor belt at a high frequency, or by nozzles which send air onto the knitted fabric intermittently. In the latter case, the stirring and the addition of heat can be carried out simultaneously by jets of hot air, striking the knitted fabric.
  • the present invention proposes to remedy the drawbacks of the prior art. It relates to a method of relaxation of knitting pieces using both moisture, heat and agitation of the knitting, according to which the agitation is carried out by projection of the knitting parading at high speed against a rigid support and where the stirring is followed by an accumulation of the knitted fabric on said support.
  • the speed necessary for obtaining a real agitation in accordance with the invention depends on the characteristics of the installation and in particular on the distance separating the place from which the knitted fabric is projected, from the place against which the knitted fabric is projected.
  • the lower threshold of acceptable speeds which also depends on the quality sought for the result, is easily determined experimentally; as will be shown by the examples given below, good results have been obtained with a drive speed of the order of 120 m / min.
  • the knitting piece After the projection against the rigid support, the knitting piece is left without tension, it accumulates on the support: in this way, the movement of the threads and stitches is carried out gradually and the knitting tends towards its state of equilibrium .
  • a single treatment according to the method of the invention, is not sufficient; and once the wires and meshes have been able to move freely thanks to the energy transmitted during the projection of the part on the support rigid, the same part will be subjected to another identical treatment, of projection of the knitted material driven at high speed on a rigid support then of accumulation without tension on said support, and this as many times as it will be necessary to obtain the desired result , closest to the relaxed state.
  • the knitting is projected by driving the latter by friction using a mobile projection element, which, at its exit zone, violently launches the knit against the reception zone of the rigid support which is located near (preferably between 400 and 1000 mm) the exit area of the projection element, and substantially transversely to the direction of projection.
  • the present invention also relates to a device specially designed for the implementation of this method and which comprises a movable projection element animated by a high speed on which the knitted piece moves, and a rigid element against which it is projected and on which it accumulates, before being taken up on another device according to the invention.
  • the movable element consists of a conveyor belt.
  • the knitting piece is taken from the surface of the rigid element where it was accumulated, it is conveyed at high speed by the conveyor belt and projected onto the rigid element located near said carpet.
  • the sampling zone of the rigid support is located near (preferably between 400 and 1000 mm) from the entry zone of the mobile projection element.
  • the rigid element is fixed and shaped so that the knitted piece, once projected, accumulates in successive folds and slides on the surface of said fixed element, before being driven by another movable element according to the 'invention.
  • the knitting piece is in the form of a closed loop. Thanks to this presentation, the successive treatments necessary for the part to tend towards the relaxed state can be carried out on a single device according to the invention. So the loop-shaped piece is treated continuously: if we refer to a portion of the knitting piece, it is taken from the rigid element where it was accumulated, it is conveyed at high speed on the carpet conveyor, it is projected against the part of the rigid element located at the end of the conveyor belt and opposite it, it accumulates without tension in successive folds and slides on the rigid element, then it is again removed and then conveyed on the conveyor belt. Each portion of the knitting piece is thus treated continuously; it is sufficient for this that the device is designed so that the transfer by sliding of the part on the rigid element is coordinated with the removal of said part by the conveyor belt.
  • the knitting pieces When the knitting pieces come from a wet phase treatment, they have been wrung out and already contain the moisture necessary for relaxation: in this case, it is generally not useful to add additional water. On the other hand, when the knitting pieces are in the dry state, the humidity required for relaxation must be introduced, in particular by the action of saturated steam.
  • the heat essential for relaxation is provided by any means, allowing the knitted item to be communicated with sufficient and uniform heat energy.
  • we carry out the contribution of heat by the action of a current of hot air which circulates around and through the piece of knitting.
  • the action of the hot air continues until the knitted fabric reaches a residual moisture level of the order of the recovery rate of the material of which it is made.
  • the piece thus treated not only is in a relaxed state, but is dried. It can be used without further drying for other treatments it will have to undergo.
  • the method according to the invention gives knitting improved dimensional stability compared to known treatments, and makes it possible to successfully treat certain types of knitting on which known treatments are not very effective.
  • This dimensional stability is of great importance in the course of the operations which the knitting piece will undergo, it very often conditions the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the user of the article made with said piece. If the dimensional stability of the piece is not good, a T-shirt made with said piece will shrink after the first or several washes: in some cases, the removal rate can be considerable, around 20%, this which, we understand very well, is completely unpleasant for the user of the T-shirt.
  • Another advantage provided by the method according to the invention consists in increasing the swelling of the knitted fabric.
  • the swelling aspect of the product is decisive on the commercial level, the volume being synonymous with comfort; moreover, a better swelling can facilitate the subsequent treatments which the knitting piece must undergo, such as scraping.
  • This increase in the bulk is of course much more apparent and therefore interesting on knitwear of a certain thickness, such as fleece and terry.
  • Most of the knits of this type treated according to this process have shown an increase in the bulge, which can be up to 50% compared to the untreated knit, in the case of the unshaven loop.
  • a knitted fabric has stitches 1 which have undergone a certain number of constraints due to knitting, they are deformed with respect to stitches 2 of the same knit which has undergone a relaxation treatment.
  • the relaxation treatment results in a shortening of the wings 3 of the knit stitches, compensated by an extension of the heads 4 and the feet 5 of the stitches.
  • the heads 4 of the stitches do not remain pressed against the feet 5 of the following stitches but the stitches overlap each other more, a little like in the manner of tiles on a roof.
  • the sectional views of the meshes illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 clearly show the difference in thickness; between a knitted loom and a relaxed knit; it is this difference which explains the increase in bulking conferred by the relaxation treatment.
  • the method and the device according to the invention are intended to obtain a relaxed knit having stitches as illustrated in FIG. 2 from a knit whose stitches have deformations of the type of those illustrated in FIG.
  • the method and the device according to the invention use the known factors, essential for relaxation, that are the humidity, the heat and the agitation of the knitted fabric, under conditions such as the threads and the knitted fabrics of the knitted fabric. move relative to each other to reach the state of equilibrium where the knitting has the minimum of internal stresses.
  • the knitting piece 6 is in the form of a closed loop. To make this presentation, it suffices, after introduction of the part into the treatment apparatus 7 and after having made it follow the path of the different stages of treatment, to attach by means of a seam 8 the two ends of said part.
  • the treatment apparatus 7 comprises the movable projection element 9, the rigid element 13 and means 14 and 15 respectively for the circulation of hot air and saturated vapor.
  • the movable projection element 9 consists of a drive cylinder 10 capable of rotating at high speeds, up to 600 meters per minute of peripheral speed, of a detour cylinder 11, mounted idly on its axis of rotation , and a conveyor belt 12 surrounding the drive cylinder 10 and the detour cylinder 11.
  • the conveyor belt has a surface with a coefficient of roughness sufficient for the knitted piece to be driven without slipping.
  • the rigid element 13 is constituted by a sheet metal plate whose surface is smooth and curved. This plate is placed under the conveyor belt; one of its ends 16 is located at the height of the drive cylinder 10 and faces it, the other end 17 is located beyond the detour cylinder 11. In this way the piece of knitted fabric coming from the conveyor belt is projected against the plate at the end 16, accumulates on said plate 13 in successive folds 18, which slide progressively towards the end 17 where the part is driven towards the conveyor belt 12 in line with the detour cylinder 11 .
  • the mobile element 9 and the rigid element 13 are positioned relative to each other so as to optimize the relaxation treatment.
  • the upper end 16 of the plate 13 is located at a distance from the drive cylinder 10 such that the projection of the knitted fabric against the plate is sufficient - which experience easily determines - and the part can lay in folds on the baking sheet.
  • the length of part between the output of the drive cylinder and the contact with the plate is, in practical application, of the order of 600 millimeters.
  • the lower end 17 of the plate 13 is located at a distance from the detour cylinder 11 such that the tension created by the call of the knitted piece by the conveyor belt is as low as possible.
  • the length of piece between the accumulation on the plate 13 and the contact with the conveyor belt is, in a practical application, of the order of 800 millimeters.
  • the sheet metal plate 13 is perforated to allow the circulation of hot air or saturated steam, through the knitted fabric.
  • the perforations are made so that the knitted fabric does not catch on the plate, they are therefore of the repoussé or punch-type type as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the treatment apparatus 7 comprises known means for producing and circulating hot air; this air is heated in the exchanger 19 and propelled by the turbine 20 to be sent to the treatment chamber proper at its lower part.
  • the hot air rises through the perforations of the plate and / or on the sides of said plate, and comes into contact with the piece of knitted fabric as it travels on the conveyor belt and on the plate. After which, the air which has cooled slightly and which has taken up humidity if the room was wet is directed towards the exchanger 19. the air is therefore recycled during the whole treatment.
  • the treatment apparatus 7 comprises known means for producing and circulating saturated vapor. 11 may especially be vaporization ramps 21, supplied by the steam supplied by a steam generator not shown.
  • the knitted piece Prior to the relaxation treatment, the knitted piece was bleached, softened in a boat, then wrung by a centrifugal spin. It is introduced into the installation in the wet state, containing approximately 40% residual moisture relative to its dry weight.
  • This fleece knit is treated according to the method of the invention for 45 minutes.
  • a piece of this knitting is treated, the fleece being inside the piece, which having been knitted on a circular loom is in the form of a tubular hose; for the the potential withdrawal percentages obtained are 4.4% in the column direction and - 0.7% in the row direction.
  • Another piece of the same knit is treated, the fleece being outside the piece; the percentages of potential withdrawals are 2.9% in the column direction and - 1.9% in the row direction.
  • the shrinkages or potential elongations are measured on a laboratory relaxer machine, under operating conditions such that the dimensions obtained represent the optimum relaxation.
  • the average thickness was measured before and after the relaxation treatment, to determine the increase in the bulge. These thickness measurements are carried out on an automatic device under different loads. Under one gram per square centimeter of pressure, the thickness of the fleece is 2.27 before treatment and 2.38 after treatment; under 10 grams per square centimeter of pressure, the thickness is 1.92 before and 2.02 after relaxation treatment. The bulking gain is around 5%.
  • the same fleece knitted underwent a pre-scraping treatment before being introduced in the dry state into the relaxation installation where it is treated first in the presence of saturated steam for 10 minutes and then with hot air to 75 ° C for 10 minutes.
  • the percentages of potential withdrawals obtained are 5% in the column direction and 0.5% in the row direction.
  • the piece was whitened, softened in a boat, and then wrung out by a centrifugal spin. It is introduced into the installation in the wet state, containing approximately 40% residual moisture relative to its dry weight.
  • This loop knit is treated according to the method of the invention for 45 minutes.
  • a piece of this knitted fabric is treated, the loop being inside the piece which has the shape of a tubular hose.
  • the percentages of potential withdrawals are 4.8% in the column direction and - 3.1% in the row direction.
  • Another piece of the same knit is treated, the loop being outside the piece; the percentages of potential withdrawals are 4.5% in the column direction and - 1.8% in the row direction.
  • the thickness measurements under one gram per square centimeter, are 1.63 for terry knitwear before treatment and 2.47 after treatment. Under ten grams per square centimeter, they are 1.36 before and 2.13 after treatment. The bulking gain is greater than 50%.
  • Example 3 The same loop knitting as that referenced in Example 3 underwent a shaving pre-treatment, before being introduced in the dry state into the relaxation installation where it is first treated in the presence of saturated steam for 10 minutes then with hot air at 75 ° C for 10 minutes.
  • the percentages of potential withdrawals obtained are 5.4% in the column direction and -2.7% in the row direction.
  • FIG. 5 represents a second embodiment of the device of the invention.
  • the knitted fabric 6 is driven by the conveyor belt 12 rotating on the rollers 10 and 11.
  • a second carpet 22 passing around the rollers 23, 24 can be superimposed on the first carpet 12 to ensure better training of the knitted fabric, free from slipping and deformation.
  • the rigid element 13 ′ is made up of several sub-assemblies: the upper end is formed by a receiving pediment 16 ′ against which the knitted fabric projects.
  • a transition element 25 forms with a guide 26 opposite a chimney in which the knitted fabric which falls from the pediment under the effect of its own weight, can pile up in more or less quantity so that it pushes down the knitted fabric stored on the inclined plane forming the central part of the rigid element 13 '.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
EP82402013A 1981-11-04 1982-11-02 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Relaxieren von Gewirk Expired EP0078747B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8120690A FR2515709A1 (fr) 1981-11-04 1981-11-04 Procede et dispositif de relaxation de pieces de tricot
FR8120690 1981-11-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0078747A1 true EP0078747A1 (de) 1983-05-11
EP0078747B1 EP0078747B1 (de) 1986-02-26

Family

ID=9263697

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82402013A Expired EP0078747B1 (de) 1981-11-04 1982-11-02 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Relaxieren von Gewirk

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4773133A (de)
EP (1) EP0078747B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS58132160A (de)
DE (1) DE3269459D1 (de)
ES (1) ES517089A0 (de)
FR (1) FR2515709A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0107002A3 (en) * 1982-09-25 1985-09-18 Fleissner Gmbh & Co Maschinenfabrik Method and apparatus for rendering a tubular textile material shrink-resistant
FR2613384A1 (fr) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-07 Trikotagen K Dispositif aerodynamique de compensation et de relaxation pour des surfaces planes de produits textiles

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3734278A1 (de) * 1987-10-09 1989-04-27 Ruckh Gerhard Maschf Verfahren und vorrichtung zum krumpfen von maschenware
JPH0657904B2 (ja) * 1989-01-06 1994-08-03 内外特殊染工株式会社 不織布の柔軟処理方法
WO1991012363A1 (en) * 1990-02-15 1991-08-22 J.E. Morgan Knitting Mills, Inc. Treating fabric to retard flammability
EP0535287B2 (de) * 1991-09-21 2001-08-08 Solipat Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Griff- und Oberflächenverbesserung von textilen Geweben und Gewirken
IT1290270B1 (it) * 1997-02-06 1998-10-22 Zonco Federico & Figlio Macchina di finissaggio per tessuti in corda o in largo
JP4540394B2 (ja) * 2004-05-24 2010-09-08 畑野産業株式会社 布の伸び抑制加工方法及び賦形加工布
US7735342B1 (en) * 2004-06-22 2010-06-15 Highland Industries, Inc. Apparatus for forming an unbalanced, circular knit fabric and a coated fabric produced therefrom
DE102007053991A1 (de) * 2007-11-13 2009-05-14 Fleissner Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Beaufschlagung von Stoffen mittels heißen Gasen
IT1392227B1 (it) * 2008-12-03 2012-02-22 Biancalani S P A Macchina e metodo per il trattamento combinato meccanico e termico di tessuti
ITPO20140011U1 (it) * 2014-09-09 2016-03-09 Biancalani Srl Apparato vibratore per trattamento di tessuti

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3594914A (en) * 1968-08-31 1971-07-27 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Process and apparatus for continuously relaxing textile fabrics
FR2229798A2 (en) * 1973-05-14 1974-12-13 Inst Textile De France Relaxing knitted fabric by steam treatment - and advancing in pleated configurations on vibrating conveyor

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2661520A (en) * 1950-06-19 1953-12-08 Proetor & Schwartz Inc Shrinkage method for knitted fabrics
US2972177A (en) * 1956-05-22 1961-02-21 Du Pont Process of compressional working textile fabrics
FR1168076A (fr) * 1956-12-10 1958-12-04 Redman Process Internat Inc Procédé et appareillages pour le traitement des textiles pour réduire les rétrécissements et nouveaux textiles en résultant
GB920556A (en) * 1961-05-17 1963-03-06 Helmut Offermann A fulling machine
US4007517A (en) * 1974-07-17 1977-02-15 Gaston County Dyeing Machine Company Heat treatment of textile fabric prior to wet processing

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3594914A (en) * 1968-08-31 1971-07-27 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Process and apparatus for continuously relaxing textile fabrics
FR2229798A2 (en) * 1973-05-14 1974-12-13 Inst Textile De France Relaxing knitted fabric by steam treatment - and advancing in pleated configurations on vibrating conveyor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0107002A3 (en) * 1982-09-25 1985-09-18 Fleissner Gmbh & Co Maschinenfabrik Method and apparatus for rendering a tubular textile material shrink-resistant
FR2613384A1 (fr) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-07 Trikotagen K Dispositif aerodynamique de compensation et de relaxation pour des surfaces planes de produits textiles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8307946A1 (es) 1983-08-01
JPS58132160A (ja) 1983-08-06
DE3269459D1 (en) 1986-04-03
US4773133A (en) 1988-09-27
EP0078747B1 (de) 1986-02-26
FR2515709A1 (fr) 1983-05-06
FR2515709B1 (de) 1985-03-22
ES517089A0 (es) 1983-08-01
JPH0255544B2 (de) 1990-11-27

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