EP0076760A1 - Adaptives Mikrowellenraumfilter für eine Antenne mit irgendeiner Polarisation und Verfahren zu seiner Anwendung - Google Patents

Adaptives Mikrowellenraumfilter für eine Antenne mit irgendeiner Polarisation und Verfahren zu seiner Anwendung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0076760A1
EP0076760A1 EP82401811A EP82401811A EP0076760A1 EP 0076760 A1 EP0076760 A1 EP 0076760A1 EP 82401811 A EP82401811 A EP 82401811A EP 82401811 A EP82401811 A EP 82401811A EP 0076760 A1 EP0076760 A1 EP 0076760A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lines
filter
diodes
sections
antenna
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Granted
Application number
EP82401811A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0076760B1 (de
Inventor
Henri Sadones
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Thomson CSF Radant
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Thomson CSF Radant
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
    • H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
    • H01Q15/002—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices being reconfigurable or tunable, e.g. using switches or diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spatial microwave adaptive filter for antennas with any polarization and its implementation method.
  • This process is limited in its applications to microwave antennas with linearly polarized waves.
  • the present invention is an improvement to the previous patent which allows the attenuation or cancellation of the secondary lobes when receiving the radiation pattern of a microwave antenna of any polarization, that is to say linear, circular, straight or left, elliptical, etc.
  • the invention also allows the location, for example on site and in deposit, of a jammer.
  • the method of attenuation or cancellation of the secondary lobes, upon reception, of the radiation pattern of a microwave antenna of any polarization is characterized in that it is placed in front of the antenna, on the path of the wave emitted by it, a filter constituted by at least two conjugate networks of broken conductive lines formed by sections of conductive wires, connected in series, charged by resistors whose values vary continuously in terms of the intensity of the currents passing through them, intensity which can be modulated at will in each conductive line of the aforementioned sections, said conductive lines being arranged from one network to another so that said sections belonging to each network intersect and are entangled without electrical contact from one line of a network to the corresponding adjacent line of the other network.
  • the lines are formed of sections of substantially equal successive wires, arranged along a surface with substantially continuous curvature and substantially orthogonally from one section to the next, and each network consists of a family of such substantially parallel lines arranged at substantially constant distance. from one line to the next.
  • variable resistors consist of diodes, for example of the PIN type.
  • each line of the two combined networks is supplied with electric currents for polarizing the diodes in the passing direction by means of a switch which makes it possible to vary the intensities of the direct currents crossing the lines in a wide range of values from microamps to ten milliamps.
  • the filter thus constituted and supplied placed in front of the antenna causes an identical overall phase shift on the microwave wave.
  • the insertion losses of such a filter are substantially inversely proportional to the intensity of the direct current passing through the conductive lines.
  • the filter can be adapted, as is known, in a frequency band of the order of 15% around the nominal frequency of the antenna, or by embedding the lines of conductive wires in a layer of dielectric material of given thickness. , or again, by using two identical filters placed one behind the other and spaced from each other by a certain length called adaptation length. In such a configuration, it therefore appears that the filter is practically "transparent" on transmission. (and on reception) of the transmitted (or received) microwave wave.
  • each conjugate line of the two conjugate networks is supplied in the passing direction with spatially modulated electric currents, that is to say generally different from two lines conjugated with two other conjugate lines, there is a deformation of the antenna diagram in which attenuations or cancellations of secondary lobes appear in determined directions other than those of the main lobe, these attenuations or cancellations being a function of the modulation of the current values in the various lines.
  • the invention also relates to a spatial adaptive filter for microwave antenna of any polarization characterized in that it comprises at least two conjugate networks of broken conductive lines formed by sections of conductive wires connected in series charged by variable resistors such as diodes, said lines being supplied with current of variable intensity and modular from one line to the next by means of an electronic switch, said lines being arranged from one network to another so that said sections belonging to each network cross and entangle without electrical contact of a line of a network to the adjacent line of the other network, and said lines are formed of sections of sensitive wire successive equal equals arranged along a surface with a substantially continuous curvature and substantially orthogonally from one section to the next, and each network consists of a family of such substantially parallel lines arranged at substantially constant distance from one line to the next.
  • said lines are arranged on either side of a carrier surface of dielectric material of thickness adapted to the frequency of the antenna.
  • This carrying surface therefore ensures, at the same time as the adaptation of the filter, the electrical separation of the conjugate lines favorable to a more regular distribution of the currents in the different sections.
  • a filter 10 is constituted by a support sheet of a dielectric material 11 which carries on one side (shown in solid lines) broken conductive lines L1, L2, etc. each formed of sections conductive wires as marked 12 1 , 13 1 , 14 1 ... 12 2 , 1 3 2 , 14 2 ... which each carry two diodes D.
  • the surface of the dielectric material 11 is substantially plane and successive sections of son are arranged substantially orthogonally, so that the general directions of lines such as L 1 , L 2 etc-are straight lines parallel x l ' x 2 ...
  • a conjugate network of conductive lines (shown in broken lines) 11, 1 2 , etc. directed substantially symmetrically, so that each section such as 22 1 , 23 1 , 24 1 ... 22 2 , 23 2 , 24 2 ... lines l 1 , l 2 ... comes to become entangled (without electrical contact) substantially orthogonally to the adjacent homologous sections of the conjugate line L 1 , L 2 ...
  • the lines 1 1 , l 2 , ... have the same general direction x, x 2 ... as the conjugate lines L 1 , L2 ..., the midpoints of the orthogonal sections of the wires intersecting precisely on the lines x 1 , x 2 ...
  • the length of the sections identified dictates the distance separating two successive diodes D.
  • the distance p separating two adjacent lines L 1 - L 2 , 1 1 -1 2 gives the pitch of the patterns of the networks corresponding to the pitch of the straight wires of the above-mentioned patent application.
  • the different currents which cross the various conjugate lines of the two networks are modulated by means of an electronic switch (not shown) according to the attenuation effect which it is desired to obtain from such or such secondary lobe .
  • an electronic switch not shown
  • the value of the intensities can be determined either experimentally or predicted by calculation.
  • a filter has been made to operate at the frequency of 1050 MHz.
  • the sheet of dielectric material 11 had a thickness of 0.3 millimeters.
  • Each section of wire had a length of 120 millimeters and supported two HP 379 PIN type diodes 60 millimeters apart.
  • the diameter of the metal wire constituting the sections was 0.2 millimeter.
  • the pitch of the patterns p was chosen equal to 95 millimeters.
  • the overall dimensions of the panel were 5 meters by 2.5 meters.
  • a particular application of the filter described resides in the use of two filters placed one behind the other in different orientations and preferably substantially orthogonally as illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 2.
  • two identical filters 10, 10 ' are placed in front of the antenna at a short distance from each other.
  • the filter 10 placed in front of the filter 10 ′ is disposed substantially vertically with the general direction of the lines substantially vertical.
  • the filter 10 ' is placed substantially vertically but with the general direction of its lines substantially horizontal.
  • the search for the location of a jammer is done by modulating the intensities I1, I 2 ' ... of the filter 10 and I' 1 , I ' 2 , etc. of the filter 10' so as to obtain the attenuation noise from the jammer.
  • the filter 10 immediately gives the bearing angle of the jammer, while the filter 10 'gives the elevation angle, these two angles being able to be determined directly and respectively by the laws of distribution of the currents established in the filter 10 and in the filter 10 'and giving the maximum attenuation. Note that such localization was not possible under the previously patent mentioned even in the case where the microwave wave was linearly polarized, since it was not possible to cross two networks previously described.
  • the filter can be constructed on any surface with substantially continuous curvature, for example cylindrical or spherical, best suited to the equipped antenna.
  • the adaptation of the networks can be done by duplicating at the appropriate adaptation distance of two identical filters.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP82401811A 1981-10-05 1982-10-04 Adaptives Mikrowellenraumfilter für eine Antenne mit irgendeiner Polarisation und Verfahren zu seiner Anwendung Expired EP0076760B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8118674 1981-10-05
FR8118674A FR2514203B1 (fr) 1981-10-05 1981-10-05 Filtre adaptatif spatial hyperfrequence pour antenne a polarisation quelconque et son procede de mise en oeuvre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0076760A1 true EP0076760A1 (de) 1983-04-13
EP0076760B1 EP0076760B1 (de) 1987-04-29

Family

ID=9262728

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82401811A Expired EP0076760B1 (de) 1981-10-05 1982-10-04 Adaptives Mikrowellenraumfilter für eine Antenne mit irgendeiner Polarisation und Verfahren zu seiner Anwendung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4518966A (de)
EP (1) EP0076760B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3276207D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2514203B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2551921A1 (fr) * 1983-09-09 1985-03-15 Thomson Csf Procede permettant de reduire l'amplitude de l'energie hyperfrequence reflechie dans l'axe d'un aerien, radar et aerien de station de communication avec satellite utilisant un tel procede
FR2629920A1 (fr) * 1984-01-23 1989-10-13 Cmh Sarl Filtre spatial adaptatif hyperfrequence fonctionnant a la reflexion et son procede de mise en oeuvre
FR2732469A1 (fr) * 1984-01-23 1996-10-04 Cmh Sarl Dispositif utilisant une antenne auxiliaire equipee d'un filtre spatial adaptatif pour l'embrouillage d'une antenne principale associee, et son procede de mise en oeuvre

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4604629A (en) * 1984-04-23 1986-08-05 Hazeltine Corporation Axial conductance angular filter
US4638324A (en) * 1984-12-10 1987-01-20 Hazeltine Corporation Resistive loop angular filter
US4684954A (en) * 1985-08-19 1987-08-04 Radant Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic energy shield
GB2505631B (en) * 1987-07-21 2014-11-26 Thomson Csf Radant Switchable device for effecting a change in polarization of a linearly polarized microwave
US4975712A (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-12-04 Trw Inc. Two-dimensional scanning antenna
US5055805A (en) * 1989-10-02 1991-10-08 Rockwell International Corporation High speed polarization switch array for selecting a particular orthogonal polarization
US5170169A (en) * 1991-05-31 1992-12-08 Millitech Corporation Quasi-optical transmission/reflection switch and millimeter-wave imaging system using the same
US20060082511A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-20 Osterhues Gordon D Electronically controlled dual polarizer
US7463212B1 (en) 2005-09-14 2008-12-09 Radant Technologies, Inc. Lightweight C-sandwich radome fabrication
US7420523B1 (en) 2005-09-14 2008-09-02 Radant Technologies, Inc. B-sandwich radome fabrication
EP2618128A1 (de) * 2012-01-19 2013-07-24 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Erkennungsvorrichtung, Detektor und Bilderzeugungsvorrichtung damit
US9099782B2 (en) 2012-05-29 2015-08-04 Cpi Radant Technologies Division Inc. Lightweight, multiband, high angle sandwich radome structure for millimeter wave frequencies

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3708796A (en) * 1969-10-15 1973-01-02 B Gilbert Electrically controlled dielectric panel lens
US3769623A (en) * 1972-09-21 1973-10-30 Nasa Low loss dichroic plate
US3896440A (en) * 1971-11-26 1975-07-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Retrodirective passive beacon for simulating a moving target
FR2281659A1 (fr) * 1974-08-09 1976-03-05 Thomson Csf Grille de filtrage d'ondes electro-magnetiques
US3955201A (en) * 1974-07-29 1976-05-04 Crump Lloyd R Radar randome antenna with switchable R.F. transparency/reflectivity
FR2382109A1 (fr) * 1977-02-25 1978-09-22 Thomson Csf Transformateur de polarisation hyperfrequence
US4160254A (en) * 1978-02-16 1979-07-03 Nasa Microwave dichroic plate
FR2448231A1 (fr) * 1979-02-05 1980-08-29 Radant Et Filtre spatial adaptatif hyperfrequence
EP0042612A1 (de) * 1980-06-24 1981-12-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Einrichtung zur Polarisationsumwandlung elektromagnetischer Wellen

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3276023A (en) * 1963-05-21 1966-09-27 Dorne And Margolin Inc Grid array antenna
US4021812A (en) * 1975-09-11 1977-05-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Layered dielectric filter for sidelobe suppression
FR2395620A1 (fr) * 1977-06-24 1979-01-19 Radant Etudes Perfectionnement au procede de balayage electronique utilisant des panneaux dielectriques dephaseurs
FR2412960A1 (fr) * 1977-12-20 1979-07-20 Radant Etudes Dephaseur hyperfrequence et son application au balayage electronique
FR2469808A1 (fr) * 1979-11-13 1981-05-22 Etude Radiant Sarl Dispositif de balayage electronique dans le plan de polarisation

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3708796A (en) * 1969-10-15 1973-01-02 B Gilbert Electrically controlled dielectric panel lens
US3896440A (en) * 1971-11-26 1975-07-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Retrodirective passive beacon for simulating a moving target
US3769623A (en) * 1972-09-21 1973-10-30 Nasa Low loss dichroic plate
US3955201A (en) * 1974-07-29 1976-05-04 Crump Lloyd R Radar randome antenna with switchable R.F. transparency/reflectivity
FR2281659A1 (fr) * 1974-08-09 1976-03-05 Thomson Csf Grille de filtrage d'ondes electro-magnetiques
FR2382109A1 (fr) * 1977-02-25 1978-09-22 Thomson Csf Transformateur de polarisation hyperfrequence
US4160254A (en) * 1978-02-16 1979-07-03 Nasa Microwave dichroic plate
FR2448231A1 (fr) * 1979-02-05 1980-08-29 Radant Et Filtre spatial adaptatif hyperfrequence
EP0042612A1 (de) * 1980-06-24 1981-12-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Einrichtung zur Polarisationsumwandlung elektromagnetischer Wellen

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2551921A1 (fr) * 1983-09-09 1985-03-15 Thomson Csf Procede permettant de reduire l'amplitude de l'energie hyperfrequence reflechie dans l'axe d'un aerien, radar et aerien de station de communication avec satellite utilisant un tel procede
EP0145510A1 (de) * 1983-09-09 1985-06-19 Thomson-Csf Antenne
FR2629920A1 (fr) * 1984-01-23 1989-10-13 Cmh Sarl Filtre spatial adaptatif hyperfrequence fonctionnant a la reflexion et son procede de mise en oeuvre
DE3441269A1 (de) * 1984-01-23 1989-12-28 Cmh Sarl Verfahren zur modulation der amplitude der sekundaerkeulen der strahlungscharakteristik einer uhf-antenne, anwendung des verfahrens und filter zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
FR2732469A1 (fr) * 1984-01-23 1996-10-04 Cmh Sarl Dispositif utilisant une antenne auxiliaire equipee d'un filtre spatial adaptatif pour l'embrouillage d'une antenne principale associee, et son procede de mise en oeuvre
DE3441269C2 (de) * 1984-01-23 1999-06-10 Cmh Sarl Verfahren zur Lokalisierung von Störern durch Veränderung der Sekundärkeulen des Strahlungsdiagrammes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3276207D1 (en) 1987-06-04
EP0076760B1 (de) 1987-04-29
US4518966A (en) 1985-05-21
FR2514203B1 (fr) 1986-04-25
FR2514203A1 (fr) 1983-04-08

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