Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/62—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds with sulfate, sulfonate, sulfenic or sulfinic groups
  • D06P1/621—Compounds without nitrogen
  • D06P1/622—Sulfonic acids or their salts
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
  • D06P1/607—Nitrogen-containing polyethers or their quaternary derivatives
  • D06P1/6076—Nitrogen-containing polyethers or their quaternary derivatives addition products of amines and alkylene oxides or oxiranes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
  • Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
  • Y10S8/924—Polyamide fiber
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
  • Y10S8/929—Carpet dyeing

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a novel dyeing aid and its use in dyeing or printing synthetic polyamide fiber materials, preferably with a pronounced three-dimensional character (pile and pile materials) and in particular carpets, with anionic dyes.
• the object of the invention is to provide a dyeing aid which, when dyeing synthetic polyamide fiber materials, in particular carpets, at the same time acts as a leveling agent at a temperature of 50 to 85 ° C. and promotes the exhaustion of the dye bath.
• Components (A), (B), (C) and (D) can be present as individual compounds or as mixtures with one another.
• Preferred auxiliary mixtures consist of all the specified components (A), (B), (C) and (D).
• alkyl radical R examples include isopropyl, butyl, amyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, myristyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, arachidyl or behenyl.
• 0 preferably denotes a phenylene radical, which may optionally be further substituted by methyl, ethyl, isopropyl or butyl.
• M means, for example, alkali metal, e.g. Sodium or potassium; Alkaline earth metal such as calcium or magnesium, also ammonium or an ammonium group, which e.g. derived from aliphatic amines such as di- and triethylamine or mono-, di- and triethanolamine or heterocyclic amines such as piperidine, morpholine or pyridine.
• alkali metal e.g. Sodium or potassium
• Alkaline earth metal such as calcium or magnesium
• ammonium or an ammonium group e.g. derived from aliphatic amines such as di- and triethylamine or mono-, di- and triethanolamine or heterocyclic amines such as piperidine, morpholine or pyridine.
• Docecylsulfonic acid tetradecylsulfonic acid, octadecylsulfonic acid, eicosylsulfonic acid, paraffinsulfonic acid, nonylbenzenesulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, diisopropylnaphthalenesulfonic acid and di-n-butylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, as well as the salts of the acids mentioned with calcium, ammonium, magnesium amine, ethylamine, sodium amine, potassium amine, magnesium amine Diethylamine, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine.
• the quaternary ammonium compounds which can be used as component (B) in the auxiliary mixture according to the invention are likewise known per se and can be prepared in a manner known per se, e.g. appropriate by reacting aliphatic amines, the alkyl or alkenyl group having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, such as dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, heptadecylamine, octadecylamine, tallow fatty amine, arachidylamine, behenylamine or oleylamine or di- or triamines, such Dodecylpropylendiamin, Octadecyläthylendiamin or Octadecyldiäthylentriamin with 1 to 2 equivalents of Styrene oxide and with 1 to 45, preferably 1 to 35 equivalents of an alkylene oxide, for example Propylene oxide, but especially ethylene oxide or a mixture of propylene oxide and
• R 1 is preferably alkyl or alkenyl having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, especially octadecyl or octadecenyl, X 1 and X 2 are preferably hydrogen.
• the sum of p + s is preferably 5 to 20.
• m is preferably 0.
• Quaternary ammonium compounds of the formulas have proven to be particularly interesting components (b) proven.
• the amounts in which component B is present alone or as a mixture in the auxiliary mixture are advantageously from 2 to 30 percent by weight, preferably from 2 to 20 and particularly from 2 to 8 percent by weight, based on the total auxiliary mixture.
• the new dyeing aid may additionally contain a siloxane-oxyalkylene copolymer as component (C).
• component (C) acts in particular as a foam suppressant.
• the organopolysiloxanes as the starting product for such adducts, correspond in principle to commercially available silicone oils, which are described in German specification 20 31 827. Among these silicone oils, polydimethylsiloxanes are of prime interest.
• the siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymers which are suitable as optional component (C) can be obtained, for example, from halogen-substituted organopoly siloxanes, in particular polydimethylsiloxanes and alkali metal salts of polyoxyalkylene, for example polyethylene and / or polypropylene glycols.
• siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymers are polyether siloxanes, which expediently have a cloud point at about 20 to 70 ° C., preferably 25 to 50 ° C.
• the glycol content, consisting of oxyethylene groups or oxyethylene and oxypropylene groups, is advantageously from 35 to 85, preferably 40 to 75 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the polyether siloxane.
• a preferred embodiment of the optional component (C) is accordingly a block polymer of a polydimethylsiloxane and ethylene oxide or a copolymer of ethylene and propylene oxide, which has a cloud point at 20 to 70 ° C, in particular 25 to 50 ° C.
• Such block polymers or polyether siloxanes can by the likely formula in which q is 3 to 50, advantageously 3 to 25, r 2 or 3, r 2 0 to 15, t 1 to 25, x 1 3 to 10 and R 4 alkyl having 1 to 4
• Such polyether siloxanes are e.g. in German Patent Application 1,719,238 and in U.S. Patents 2,834,748, 3,389,160 and 3,505,377.
• polyether siloxanes which can be used as optional component (C) correspond to the likely formula wherein R 5 and R 6 are each alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably methyl, a '1 to 20, b' 2 to 20, c '2 to 50, d' 1 or 2, preferably 1, and m '2 to 5 mean and where C m , H 2m , O d , preferably ethylene oxide groups or mixtures of ethylene oxide groups and propylene oxide groups.
• Such siloxane compounds are described in German Patent Application 1,795,557.
• the auxiliaries according to the invention can contain water as polar solvent (D) or a water-miscible organic solvent.
• water-miscible organic solvents are aliphatic C 1 -C 4 alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, the propanols or isobutanol; Alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol or fropylene glycol; Monoalkyl ethers of glycols such as ethylene glycol monomethyl, ethyl or butyl ether and diethylene glycol monomethyl or ethyl ether; Ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, diacetone alcohol; Ethers and acetals such as diisopropyl ether, diphenyl oxide, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, also tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, pyridine,
• auxiliary preparations according to the invention can be prepared by simply stirring the components (A), (B) and, if appropriate, (C). With the addition of component (D), especially water, and optionally also a base, e.g. Alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium or potassium hydroxide or lower alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine are obtained as homogeneous, preferably clear mixtures which are very stable in storage at room temperature.
• a base e.g. Alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium or potassium hydroxide or lower alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine are obtained as homogeneous, preferably clear mixtures which are very stable in storage at room temperature.
• the new formulations are used in particular as leveling and retarding agents in the dyeing of synthetic polyamide fiber materials. They increase the rate of diffusion of the dyes in the fibers and thereby accelerate the migration of the dyes when dyeing synthetic polyamide fiber materials. They thus allow perfect levelness and also streak-free substrate to be achieved with complete bath exhaustion.
• the present invention accordingly also relates to a process for dyeing or printing synthetic polyamide fiber materials with anionic dyes.
• the process is characterized in that this material is dyed or printed in the presence of the dyeing aid according to the invention.
• the amounts used in which the dyeing aid according to the invention is added to the dye baths are between 1 and 10 percent by weight, preferably 2 and 5 percent by weight, based on the weight of the material to be dyed.
• Synthetic polyamide fiber materials in particular textile materials and above all with a pronounced three-dimensional character (pile and pile materials), such as carpets, which can be dyed in the presence of the new mixture of dyeing auxiliaries, are, for example, those made from adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine (polyamide 6.6), from E- Caprolactam (polyamide 6), from ⁇ -aminoundecanoic acid (polyamide 11), from ⁇ -aminoonanthic acid (polyamide 7), from ⁇ -aminopelargonic acid (polyamide 8) or from sebacic acid and hexamethylenediamine (polyamide 6.10).
• the polyamide fiber materials can also be used as a blended fabric with each other or with other fibers, e.g. Mixtures of polyamide / wool or polyamide polyester can be used.
• the fiber material can be in a wide variety of processing stages. For example, the following can be considered: flake, sliver, woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwovens, yarn or piece goods.
• floor coverings such as e.g. Carpets, or other home textiles such as upholstery fabrics, curtains or wall coverings.
• carpet materials such as velor or loop pile carpets made of synthetic polyamide is preferred.
• the anionic dyes are, for example, salts of heavy metal-containing or preferably metal-free mono-, dis- or polyazo dyes including the formazan dyes and the anthraquinone, xanthene, nitro, triphenylmethane, naphthoquinoneimine and phthalocyanine dyes.
• the anionic character of these dyes can be caused by metal complex formation alone and / or preferably by acidic, salt-forming substituents, such as carboxylic acid groups, sulfuric acid and phosphonic acid ester groups, phosphonic acid groups or sulfonic acid groups.
• These dyes can also have so-called reactive groups in the molecule, which form a covalent bond with the material to be colored.
• the so-called acidic metal-free dyes are preferred. The latter preferably contain only a single sulfonic acid group.
• the 1: 1 or 1: 2 metal complex dyes are also of interest.
• the 1: 1 metal complex dyes preferably have one or two sulfonic acid groups. As metal they contain a heavy metal atom such as Copper, nickel or especially chrome.
• the 1: 2 metal complex dyes contain a heavy metal atom such as e.g. a cobalt atom or in particular a chromium atom.
• Two complex-forming components are connected to the central atom, at least one of which is a dye molecule, but preferably both are dye molecules.
• the two dye molecules involved in the complex formation can be the same or different from one another.
• the 1: 2 metal complex dyes can e.g. contain two azomethine molecules, a disazo dye and a monoazo dye, or preferably two monoazo dye molecules.
• the azo dye molecules can have water solubilizing groups such as e.g. Acid amide, alkylsulfonyl or the above acidic groups. Preference is given to 1: 2 cobalt or 1: 2 chromium complexes of monoazo dyes which have acid amide, alkylsulfonyl or a total of a single sulfonic acid group.
• Dye mixtures of at least 2 or 3 anionic dyes are particularly preferred for the production of level dichromia or trichromatic dyes.
• the amount of dyes added to the liquor depends on the desired depth of color. In general, amounts of 0.01 to 10, in particular 0.1 to 5 g per liter of liquor have proven successful.
• the dyebaths can contain alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates or bicarbonates; Minralic acids such as sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid; organic acids, suitably lower, aliphatic carboxylic acids, such as formic, acetic or oxalic acid and / or salts, such as ammonium acetate, ammonium sulfate, disodium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate, potassium acetate or sodium acetate.
• the alkalis and acids serve above all to adjust the pH of the liquors used according to the invention, which is generally 8 to 8.5 at the beginning and 4.5 to 6 at the end.
• the dyebaths can also contain the usual electrolytes, dispersants, antifoams and wetting agents.
• the dyeings are advantageously carried out from an aqueous liquor using the exhaust process.
• the liquor ratio can accordingly be chosen within a wide range, e.g. 1: 3 to 1: 100, preferably 1:10 to 1:50. It is convenient to dye at a temperature in the range from 40 ° C. to the boiling point. Surprisingly, the coloring can be carried out at low temperatures in a range from 50 to 85 ° C.
• the textile material is preferably added to a liquor which has a temperature of 15 to 25 ° C. and a pH of 7.5 to 8.5. Then the dyes and the auxiliary mixture according to the invention are added and the material is treated at 15 to 25 ° C. for 5 to 15 minutes. The temperature is then slowly increased to 60 ° C. and dyeing is carried out at this temperature for 30 to 60 minutes. Then the pH of the bath is reduced to 5 - 6 and dyeing is continued for 10 to 20 minutes at 60 ° C. Finally, the bath is cooled and the colored material rinsed and dried as usual.
• the dyeing process according to the invention can also be carried out by first treating the material to be dyed with the auxiliary mixture for 10 to 15 minutes at 20 to 25 ° C. and then dyeing.
• the dyeing of the synthetic polyamide fiber material can also be carried out by a printing or padding process.
• the possibly thickened printing paste or liquor, which contains dye, auxiliary preparation according to the invention, acid and possibly other additives, is printed or padded on the fiber, preferably at a temperature between 10 and 40 ° C.
• the padded or printed fiber material can be subjected to heat treatment, e.g. Steaming. However, it is preferably packed with a plastic film and stored at 50 to 60 ° C for 45 to 120 minutes.
• the method according to the invention represents a highly energy-saving dyeing system in which synthetic polyamide fiber material can be dyed at a low temperature of 50 to 85 ° C. and complete dying of the dye bath is achieved.
• the fleet can thus be used for further dyeing, so that considerable savings can be achieved in terms of water, energy, time and chemicals.
• significant ecological progress is achieved.
• the process according to the invention is not only distinguished by the economic and ecological advantages, but also by the gentle way of dyeing an improvement in the quality of the dyeing material is achieved.
• the parts are parts by weight and the percentages are percentages by weight.
• the carpet is allowed to circulate at 20 ° C for 15 minutes and the temperature is raised to 60 ° C in the course of 40 minutes.
• the dyeing is then carried out for 30 minutes at this temperature and the pH of the bath is lowered to 5 by adding sulfuric acid over 40 minutes.
• the dyeing is then continued for 15 minutes at 60 ° C. and at a pH of 5.
• the dyeing liquor is then cooled and the carpet rinsed and finished.
• a level, well-colored dyeing is obtained.
• the bathroom exhaustion is practically complete, so that the next carpet can be dyed in the same dye bath.
• the carpet is allowed to circulate at 20 ° C for 15 minutes and the temperature is raised to 60 ° C in the course of 40 minutes, then it is dyed for 30 minutes and the pH of the bath is reduced to 5 by adding sulfuric acid over 40 minutes . After that dyeing after 15 minutes at 60 ° C. and at a pH of 5. The dyeing liquor is then cooled and the carpet is rinsed and finished.
• a level, well-colored dyeing is obtained.
• the bathroom exhaustion is practically complete, so that the next carpet can be dyed in the same dye bath.

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• 1982
  • 1982-09-02 US US06/414,103 patent/US4444563A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1982-09-06 EP EP82810370A patent/EP0074923B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1982-09-06 DE DE8282810370T patent/DE3267310D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-09-07 JP JP57154742A patent/JPS58136884A/ja active Granted

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