EP0072769B1 - Method and device for induction heating of molten metals - Google Patents

Method and device for induction heating of molten metals Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0072769B1
EP0072769B1 EP19820630068 EP82630068A EP0072769B1 EP 0072769 B1 EP0072769 B1 EP 0072769B1 EP 19820630068 EP19820630068 EP 19820630068 EP 82630068 A EP82630068 A EP 82630068A EP 0072769 B1 EP0072769 B1 EP 0072769B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
legs
heater
opening
tube
heating
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Expired
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EP19820630068
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0072769A1 (en
Inventor
Paul Metz
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METZ, PAUL
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Individual
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Priority claimed from LU83550A external-priority patent/LU83550A1/en
Priority claimed from LU83763A external-priority patent/LU83763A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT82630068T priority Critical patent/ATE25314T1/en
Publication of EP0072769A1 publication Critical patent/EP0072769A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/16—Furnaces having endless cores

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for the inductive heating of liquid metals in metallurgical vessels, before casting and in particular before and during continuous casting.
  • the liquid steel to be poured from the melting furnace or fresh vessel, in most cases a converter, into the transport or treatment pan has a temperature of around 1580-1720 ° C, depending on the steel quality.
  • the steel is usually heated in the pan with a view to continuous casting by means of electric arc systems.
  • this procedure has the particular disadvantage that there is a pronounced uncontrolled nitrogen uptake in the hot focal spot.
  • the metal is heated by induction.
  • Pans equipped with inductive heating devices on the floor or on the side wall have been proposed for this purpose.
  • the disadvantage of this procedure lies particularly in the necessary special design of the pans.
  • DE-A-2 906 634 it is known to pump and heat part of a liquid metal located in an oven boiler continuously through at least one U-shaped induction heating element brought into contact with the contents of the vessel by lowering it from above.
  • the immersion depth can be set automatically, e.g. by the electrical values, which depend on the immersion depth, are measured; a signal is generated from these measured values, which acts on a control device adjusting the height of the heating element.
  • US-A-3 251 921 describes a U-tube-shaped heating element which can be lowered from above into a conventional vessel containing the melt and in which the liquid metal is inductively heated by a winding.
  • the heating element can be shielded by a protective shield.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a method and a device which allow the flow of the metal to be easily initiated in tubular induction heating elements.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a possible embodiment of the device according to the invention in a non-limiting manner.
  • the device according to the invention consists of one Block 10, which is suspended via a support element 0 on an automatically controlled lifting mechanism, not shown.
  • the block 10 is equipped with a carrier plate 11 which has a toothing into which a corresponding toothed cover plate 2 can snap.
  • the cover plate covers the contents of the vessel and thus reduces heat losses; when lifting it is lifted off the container and removed.
  • the block 10 consists of a steel-coated refractory mass, in which the heating tube 20 is embedded. This comprises a fireproof inner lining 21 and a fireproof outer protection 22, which is dimensioned with regard to the depth of immersion of the tube in the metal M and through the slag layer S.
  • the openings of the tube are protected with thin sheet metal hoods which melt after penetration of the slag layer and expose the openings of the tube.
  • a strong negative pressure is created and maintained within the tube, for which purpose there is a suction arrangement 25 in block 10, which opens into tube 20 and which is connected to a pump unit, not shown.
  • the hood 23a or 23b arranged at one of the openings can be made thicker than that at the other opening or can be provided with a protective layer so that the other hood melts when both legs are simultaneously immersed in the bath. This creates the conditions for a siphon effect and for the metal flow.
  • firstly the said siphon effect and secondly the electromagnetic force of the coil 30 is used.
  • gas lifting effect can be used, in the bottom of the distributor vessel and below the inlet Leg is a gas-permeable element 3 is arranged, through the supply line 4, a neutral gas is passed into the melt and this is stirred at the same time.
  • the known design of the vacuum suction device is not shown in the drawing.
  • the electromagnetic heating coil 30 which encloses one leg of the tube and which is shielded against the radiant heat of the bath by means of the protective shield 24.
  • the power supply line 31 of the coil and its coolant line 32 are embedded in the block 10 and are fastened to the support element 0.
  • the continuous distance measurement between the device and the bath level is ensured by the measuring device 40, the measuring cable of which is also embedded in the block 10 for protection against the heat and is guided along the support element 0 to control the lifting mechanism.
  • the measuring device 40 can be, for example, a known laser source / detector system that continuously determines the respective distance between the block and the bath level. If the distance rises above a predefined setpoint, the control of the hoist is addressed accordingly and the block is lowered until the setpoint is reached again. The latter can be determined empirically, since the heating tube 20 is connected in a fixed manner to the block 10.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum induktiven Aufheizen von flüssigen Metallen in metallurgischen Gefässen, vor dem Giessen und insbesondere vor sowie während dem Stranggiessen.The invention relates to a method and a device for the inductive heating of liquid metals in metallurgical vessels, before casting and in particular before and during continuous casting.

Der vom Schmelzofen oder Frischgefäss, in den meisten Fällen ein Konverter, in die Transport- bzw. Behandlungspfanne abzugiessende flüssige Stahl hat in Abhängigkeit von der Stahlqualität eine Temperatur von etwa 1580-1720 °C. Mittels der besagten, auf Schienen beweglichen Pfannen in welchen ggf. noch eine metallurgische Behandlung vorgenommen wird, wird der Stahl zur Stranggiessanlage gebracht und in den Verteiler überführt wo die Temperatur bekanntlich noch so hoch sein muss, dass jedenfalls keine lokalen Erstarrungen des Metalles eintreten.The liquid steel to be poured from the melting furnace or fresh vessel, in most cases a converter, into the transport or treatment pan has a temperature of around 1580-1720 ° C, depending on the steel quality. By means of the said ladles, which can move on rails and in which a metallurgical treatment may still be carried out, the steel is brought to the continuous casting plant and transferred to the distributor where the temperature must be known to be so high that in any case no local solidification of the metal occurs.

Nun erfolgt aber nicht nur während des Abgiessens des Stahls vom Konverter in die Pfanne eine merkliche Abkühlung des Stahls, sondern es geht auch während des Transportes und des anschliessenden Umfüllens kontinuierlich Wärme verloren, so dass es notwendig ist, den flüssigen Stahl nach dem Frischen, ggf. vor dem Abgiessen in den Verteiler der Stranggiessanlage und in der Hauptsache im Verlauf des Stranggiessens selbst innerhalb dem besagten Verteiler auf einer angemessenen Temperatur zu halten, so dass ein einwandfreier Ablauf des Stranggiessprozesses möglich ist.Now, not only does the steel cool down noticeably during the pouring of the steel from the converter into the pan, but heat is also continuously lost during the transport and subsequent decanting, so that it is necessary to refurbish the liquid steel after the before the pouring into the distributor of the continuous casting installation and mainly in the course of the continuous casting itself within the said distributor at an appropriate temperature, so that a smooth running of the continuous casting process is possible.

Das Aufheizen des Stahles in der Pfanne im Hinblick auf das Stranggiessen erfolgt üblicherweise mittels Lichtbogenanlagen. Diese Verfahrensweise hat aber insbesondere den grossen Nachteil, dass in dem heissen Brennfleck eine ausgeprägte unkontrollierte Stickstoffaufnahme erfolgt. Diesen Nachteil versucht man wenigstens teilweise dadurch zu unterbinden, dass man die Lichtbogenanlage unter Vakuum oder unter Luftausschluss betreibt.The steel is usually heated in the pan with a view to continuous casting by means of electric arc systems. However, this procedure has the particular disadvantage that there is a pronounced uncontrolled nitrogen uptake in the hot focal spot. One tries to avoid this disadvantage at least in part by operating the arc system under vacuum or in the absence of air.

Gemäss einer anderen Verfahrensweise wird das Metall durch Induktion aufgeheizt. Hierfür sind mit induktiven Heizvorrichtungen am Boden oder an der Seitenwand ausgerüstete Pfannen vorgeschlagen worden. Der Nachteil dieser Verfahrensweise liegt insbesondere in der notwendigen Spezial-Ausführung der Pfannen.According to another procedure, the metal is heated by induction. Pans equipped with inductive heating devices on the floor or on the side wall have been proposed for this purpose. The disadvantage of this procedure lies particularly in the necessary special design of the pans.

Aus der DE-A-2 906 634 ist bekannt, einen Teil eines sich in einem Ofenkessel befindlichen flüssigen Metalls kontinuierlich durch wenigstens ein mit dem Gefässinhalt durch Absenken von oben in Kontakt gebrachtes U-Rohr-förmiges Induktionsheizelement hindurchzupumpen und aufzuheizen. Die Eintauchtiefe kann automatisch eingestellt werden, indem z.B. die elektrischen Werte, die von der Eintauchtiefe abhängig sind, gemessen werden; aus diesen Messwerten wird ein Signal gebildet, das auf eine die Höhenlage des Heizelementes verstellende Regeleinrichtung einwirkt.From DE-A-2 906 634 it is known to pump and heat part of a liquid metal located in an oven boiler continuously through at least one U-shaped induction heating element brought into contact with the contents of the vessel by lowering it from above. The immersion depth can be set automatically, e.g. by the electrical values, which depend on the immersion depth, are measured; a signal is generated from these measured values, which acts on a control device adjusting the height of the heating element.

Die US-A-3 251 921 beschreibt ein U-Rohr-förmiges Heizelement, welches von oben in ein die Schmelze enthaltendes herkömmliches Gefäss absenkbar ist und bei dem das flüssige Metall durch eine Wicklung induktiv erhitzt wird. Das Heizelement kann durch ein Schutzschild abgeschirmt werden.US-A-3 251 921 describes a U-tube-shaped heating element which can be lowered from above into a conventional vessel containing the melt and in which the liquid metal is inductively heated by a winding. The heating element can be shielded by a protective shield.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung vorzuschlagen welche ein problemloses Einleiten des Durchflusses des Metalls in Rohr-förmigen Induktionsheizelementen ermöglichen.The object of the invention is to propose a method and a device which allow the flow of the metal to be easily initiated in tubular induction heating elements.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch das in Anspruch 1 wiedergegebene Verfahren sowie durch die in Anspruch 3 beschriebene Vorrichtung gelöst.This object is achieved by the method given in claim 1 and by the device described in claim 3.

Die Vorteile und Merkmale gehen aus der Beschreibung der Zeichnung hervor, in der die Fig. 1 in nicht einschränkender Weise einen Schnitt durch eine mögliche Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Einrichtung darstellt.The advantages and features emerge from the description of the drawing, in which FIG. 1 shows a section through a possible embodiment of the device according to the invention in a non-limiting manner.

Indem Verteilergefäss 1 einer Stranggiessanlage befindet sich ein Metallbad M mit einer Schlakkenschicht S. Um das Bad auch während des Giessens, in dessen Verlauf sich der Badspiegel mehr oder weniger kontinuierlich abwärts bewegt, auf der erforderlichen Temperatur halten zu können, besteht die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung aus einem Block 10, der über ein Tragelement 0 an einem nicht gezeigten, automatisch gesteuerten Hubwerk aufgehängt ist.In the distribution vessel 1 of a continuous casting plant there is a metal bath M with a slag layer S. In order to be able to keep the bath at the required temperature even during the casting, during which the bath level moves more or less continuously downwards, the device according to the invention consists of one Block 10, which is suspended via a support element 0 on an automatically controlled lifting mechanism, not shown.

Der Block 10 ist mit einer Trägerplatte 11 ausgerüstet die eine Zahnung aufweist, in die eine entsprechend gezahnte Deckplatte 2 einrasten kann. Beim Absenken der Vorrichtung deckt die Deckelplatte den Gefässinhalt ab und vermindert somit die Wärmeverluste; beim Anheben wird sie vom Gefäss abgehoben und entfernt.The block 10 is equipped with a carrier plate 11 which has a toothing into which a corresponding toothed cover plate 2 can snap. When the device is lowered, the cover plate covers the contents of the vessel and thus reduces heat losses; when lifting it is lifted off the container and removed.

Der Block 10 besteht aus einer stahlummantelten feuerfesten Masse, in welche das Heizrohr 20 eingelassen ist. Dieses umfasst eine feuerfeste Innenauskleidung 21, sowie einen feuerfesten Aussenschutz 22, der im Hinblick auf die Eintauchtiefe des Rohres in das Metall M und durch die Schlackenschicht S bemessen ist. Um ein Eindringen von Schlacken während der Eintauchphase zu verhindern, und um den Durchfluss des Metalls überhaupt einzuleiten, sind die Öffnungen des Rohres mit dünnen Blechhauben geschützt die nach Durchdringen der Schlackenschicht abschmelzen und die Öffnungen des Rohres freilegen. Hierbei wird innerhalb des Rohres ein starker Unterdruck geschaffen und aufrechterhalten, wozu sich im Block 10 eine Sauganordnung 25 befindet, die in das Rohr 20 mündet und die mit einem nicht dargestellten Pumpaggregat verbunden ist. Die an einer der Öffnungen angeordnete Haube 23a oder 23b kann dicker ausgeführt sein als die an der anderen Öffnung oder kann mit einer Schutzschicht versehen sein so dass die andere Haube beim gleichzeitigen Eintauchen beider Schenkel in das Bad eher durchschmilzt. Dies schafft die Voraussetzungen für eine Siphonwirkung und für den Metallfluss. Um den Durchfluss des Metalls durch das Heizrohr 20 zu gewährleisten, dient demnach erstens die besagte Siphonwirkung und zweitens die elektromagnetische Kraft der Spule 30. Weiter kann man sich des sog. Gashebereffektes bedienen, indem im Boden des Verteilergefässes und unterhalb des Eintrittsschenkels ein gasdurchlässiges Element 3 angeordnet ist, durch dessen Zuleitung 4 man ein neutrales Gas in die Schmelze leitet und diese gleichzeitig rührt. Die an und für sich bekannte Ausgestaltung der Vakuum-Saugvorrichtung ist in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt.The block 10 consists of a steel-coated refractory mass, in which the heating tube 20 is embedded. This comprises a fireproof inner lining 21 and a fireproof outer protection 22, which is dimensioned with regard to the depth of immersion of the tube in the metal M and through the slag layer S. In order to prevent slag from penetrating during the immersion phase and to initiate the flow of the metal at all, the openings of the tube are protected with thin sheet metal hoods which melt after penetration of the slag layer and expose the openings of the tube. Here, a strong negative pressure is created and maintained within the tube, for which purpose there is a suction arrangement 25 in block 10, which opens into tube 20 and which is connected to a pump unit, not shown. The hood 23a or 23b arranged at one of the openings can be made thicker than that at the other opening or can be provided with a protective layer so that the other hood melts when both legs are simultaneously immersed in the bath. This creates the conditions for a siphon effect and for the metal flow. In order to ensure the flow of the metal through the heating tube 20, firstly the said siphon effect and secondly the electromagnetic force of the coil 30 is used. Furthermore, the so-called gas lifting effect can be used, in the bottom of the distributor vessel and below the inlet Leg is a gas-permeable element 3 is arranged, through the supply line 4, a neutral gas is passed into the melt and this is stirred at the same time. The known design of the vacuum suction device is not shown in the drawing.

Ferner erkennt man die elektromagnetische Heizspule 30, die einen Schenkel des Rohres umschliesst und die gegen die Strahlungswärme des Bades mittels dem Schutzschild 24 abgeschirmt ist. Die Stromzuleitung 31 der Spule, sowie deren Kühlmittelleitung 32, sind in den Block 10 eingelassen und sind am Tragelement 0 befestigt.Furthermore, one recognizes the electromagnetic heating coil 30, which encloses one leg of the tube and which is shielded against the radiant heat of the bath by means of the protective shield 24. The power supply line 31 of the coil and its coolant line 32 are embedded in the block 10 and are fastened to the support element 0.

Die kontinuierliche Abstandmessung zwischen der Vorrichtung und dem Badspiegel wird durch das Messgerät 40 gewährleistet, dessen Messkabel ebenfalls zum Schutz gegen die Hitze in den Block 10 eingelassen ist und längs dem Tragelement 0 zur Steuerung des Hubwerks geführt wird. Das Messgerät 40 kann bspw. ein bekanntes Laserquelle/Detektor-System sein, das kontinuierlich den jeweiligen Abstand zwischen dem Block und dem Badspiegel bestimmt. Steigt der Abstand über einen vorgegebenen Sollwert, so wird die Steuerung des Hubwerkes dementsprechend angesprochen und der Block wird so weit abgesenkt, bis der Sollwert wieder erreicht ist. Letzterer lässt sich, da das Heizrohr 20 ortsfest mit dem Block 10 verbunden ist, empirisch festlegen.The continuous distance measurement between the device and the bath level is ensured by the measuring device 40, the measuring cable of which is also embedded in the block 10 for protection against the heat and is guided along the support element 0 to control the lifting mechanism. The measuring device 40 can be, for example, a known laser source / detector system that continuously determines the respective distance between the block and the bath level. If the distance rises above a predefined setpoint, the control of the hoist is addressed accordingly and the block is lowered until the setpoint is reached again. The latter can be determined empirically, since the heating tube 20 is connected in a fixed manner to the block 10.

Claims (4)

1. A process for heating liquid metals through induction within metallurgical vessels, prior to tapping and in particular prior to and during continuous casting, wherein one continuously transfers a part of the metal contained in a conventional recipient through at least one U-shaped induction heating tube, which is brought in contact with the content of the recipient through lowering from above and which plunges in that content with its legs, while heating said part of the metal and wherein there is made use of reduced pressure in order to initiate the metal flow, characterized in that one initiates the metal flow through the induction heater by first occluding the openings of both legs with steel sheet caps, further reducing the pressure within the heater, providing one opening with a cap that melts sooner than the other and finally simultaneously plunging both legs in the melt.
2. A process such as described in claim 1, characterized in that one enhances the metal flow through the heater through a gas raising effect, by providing a gas-permeable bottom stirring element fed with inert gas and installed in the vessel bottom under the entrance leg of the heater.
3. An installation for practicing the process according to claims 1 or 2, comprising an induction heater that is a U-shaped heating tube (20), the legs of which are directed downwards, with a heating coil (30) which surrounds one of said legs, said heater being contained in a block (10) that is connected to a lifting device through a cable (0), wherein the regulating system for said lifting device is connected through a measuring cable (41) with a distance determining device (40) lodged in the lower face of block (10) and wherein the heating tube (20) comprises means (25) for reducing pressure therein, characterized in that the openings of the tube (20) are closed with steel caps (23a, 23b) in order to initiate metal flow and to protect the tube from slag while it is plunged in the melt, one cap (23a), occluding the opening of one of said legs, being made so as to melt sooner than the cap belonging to the other opening.
4. An installation such as described in claim 3, characterized in that the cap (23b) of said other opening has a thickness greater than that in said one opening, resp. is provided with a protective layer.
EP19820630068 1981-08-13 1982-07-06 Method and device for induction heating of molten metals Expired EP0072769B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82630068T ATE25314T1 (en) 1981-08-13 1982-07-06 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INDUCTIVE HEATING OF LIQUID METALS.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU83550A LU83550A1 (en) 1981-08-13 1981-08-13 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INDUCTIVE HEATING OF LIQUID METALS AND ALLOYS
LU83550 1981-08-13
LU83763A LU83763A1 (en) 1981-11-17 1981-11-17 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INDUCTIVE HEATING OF LIQUID METALS
LU83763 1981-11-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0072769A1 EP0072769A1 (en) 1983-02-23
EP0072769B1 true EP0072769B1 (en) 1987-01-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820630068 Expired EP0072769B1 (en) 1981-08-13 1982-07-06 Method and device for induction heating of molten metals

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DE (1) DE3275344D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3634891C1 (en) * 1986-10-14 1988-05-19 Didier Werke Ag Post-heating device in a horizontal continuous caster
US4834876A (en) * 1988-03-14 1989-05-30 Walker Nicholas G Filtration assembly having integral heating means for maintaining the metallic material being filtered in the molten state

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL27841C (en) * 1928-11-03
GB656730A (en) * 1948-03-01 1951-08-29 Electric Furnace Co Improvements in or relating to induction furnaces
DE1021519B (en) * 1954-04-06 1957-12-27 Otto Junker G M B H Electro-inductive immersion heater for heating metal melt baths
US3251921A (en) * 1963-03-22 1966-05-17 Harry A Hartley Metal heating and circulating apparatus
GB1036995A (en) * 1964-05-04 1966-07-20 Ass Elect Ind Improvements relating to apparatus for heating molten metal
DE2906634A1 (en) * 1979-02-09 1980-08-21 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie INDUCTION OVENS

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EP0072769A1 (en) 1983-02-23
DE3275344D1 (en) 1987-03-05

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