EP0070469A2 - Interrupteur à vide - Google Patents

Interrupteur à vide Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0070469A2
EP0070469A2 EP82106137A EP82106137A EP0070469A2 EP 0070469 A2 EP0070469 A2 EP 0070469A2 EP 82106137 A EP82106137 A EP 82106137A EP 82106137 A EP82106137 A EP 82106137A EP 0070469 A2 EP0070469 A2 EP 0070469A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
curvature
vacuum switch
contacts
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82106137A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0070469A3 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Dipl.-Ing. Gebel
Lothar Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0070469A2 publication Critical patent/EP0070469A2/fr
Publication of EP0070469A3 publication Critical patent/EP0070469A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66276—Details relating to the mounting of screens in vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66284—Details relating to the electrical field properties of screens in vacuum switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum switch with relatively movable contacts and a steam shield.
  • the current generally flows via contacts which are arranged coaxially to one another and which are arranged in the high vacuum of a rotationally symmetrical housing which, for example, essentially consist of an electrically insulating material, in particular ceramic,.
  • a rotationally symmetrical housing which, for example, essentially consist of an electrically insulating material, in particular ceramic,.
  • the contacts are pulled apart and an arc is formed in the area between the contacts, the base points of which vaporize metal on the surface of the contacts.
  • the metal vapor flowing outward condenses again on a so-called steam screen, which is essentially hollow-cylindrical and is arranged at a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the housing.
  • the housing of the vacuum switch in the area between the opened contacts can also consist of metal, for example of stainless steel.
  • This essentially hollow cylindrical middle part of the housing is then connected to the electrodes via housing parts made of electrically insulating material. These electrically insulating parts are then also provided with a shield (US Pat. No. 3,764,764).
  • a shield US Pat. No. 3,764,764
  • the arc starts more at the outer edge of the contacts and at the same time passes over to the steam shield.
  • the plasma flame emanating from the center of the arc is directed towards the steam screen and is slightly inclined towards the cathode of the electrodes, so that heavy loads on the steam screen occur approximately at the level of the cathode surface and the screen can melt there.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the known embodiments of vacuum switches with an insulating or metal housing, in particular to increase the resistance of the steam shield against melting and thus to extend the life of the switch accordingly.
  • the housing itself can be provided with the curvature in this area.
  • the inner wall of the housing can also be provided with an annular insert made of a rotationally symmetrical profile body, which contains the curvature approximately in the central plane between the opened contacts. The falling flanks of the arch are thus against the median plane between the open contacts inclined that the plasma flow is deflected in the axial direction up or down or on both sides. The load on the steam screen is accordingly reduced in this area.
  • two coaxially arranged and relatively movable electrodes 2 and 4 which can be designed, for example, as pot contacts and are each connected to a power supply 3 or 5, are surrounded by a housing 6, of which at least the Area of the opened contacts 2 and 4 surrounding, at least approximately cylindrical part made of metal, preferably made of stainless steel.
  • the contacts 2 and 4 are pulled apart and an annular gap is formed between their contact contact surfaces, which are not shown in the figure, in which an arc is formed.
  • the arc attaches more to the outer edge of the contacts and a plasma flame emanating approximately from the center of this arc 10 is aimed at the housing 6, which is heated accordingly in this surface area.
  • the plasma flame is dependent on the direction of the semi-oscillations of the one to be extinguished Alternating current, for example as anode A electrode 2 inclined to the electrode 4 acting as cathode K, so that the increased load on the housing 6 occurs approximately at the level of the contact contact surface of the cathode K.
  • the load on the housing 6 acting as a steam screen is now reduced by the fact that the inner wall of the housing 6 is provided with an annular insert 12 which forms a rotationally symmetrical profile body which surrounds the area between the opened contacts 2 and 4.
  • the insert 12 is provided with a radially inward curvature which is arranged approximately in the middle plane between the opened contacts 2 and 4.
  • the plasma flame emanating from the arc 10 is then deflected downward on the falling flank of the curvature of the insert 12 depending on the direction of the semi-oscillation of the alternating current, as indicated in the figure.
  • the load on the housing 6 is reduced and the life of the vacuum switch is increased accordingly.
  • the insert 12 serves not only to deflect the plasma flow; it also represents a material reserve for the erosion.
  • the insert 12 can preferably consist of stainless steel, in particular of chromium steel, or, because of the better thermal conductivity, also of essentially oxygen-free copper. It is easy to manufacture in the form shown as a profile body in the pressing process and can be soldered to the inside wall of the housing 6 in a punctiform manner or welded on.
  • the special insert 12 is provided.
  • the housing 6 may be expedient to provide the housing 6 with a radially inward curvature in the middle plane between the opened electrodes 2 and 4, which deflects the plasma flow and thereby reduces the load on the housing 6 accordingly.
  • this steam screen is provided with a curvature in the middle plane between the opened electrodes 2 and 4 or on its inner wall it becomes in the area between the opened electrodes 2 and 4 with the insert 12.
  • the rounding on the end face of the curvature is chosen so that no significant increase in field strength can occur which would significantly reduce the dielectric strength.
  • the slope of the slope of the curvature is chosen so that a good deflection of the plasma flow is obtained, as indicated by the arrow in the figure. A favorable deflection is obtained at an angle of inclination ⁇ of, for example, approximately 30 to 60 °, preferably approximately 40 to 55 °.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
EP82106137A 1981-07-22 1982-07-08 Interrupteur à vide Withdrawn EP0070469A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3129020 1981-07-22
DE19813129020 DE3129020A1 (de) 1981-07-22 1981-07-22 "vakuumschalter"

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0070469A2 true EP0070469A2 (fr) 1983-01-26
EP0070469A3 EP0070469A3 (fr) 1984-10-17

Family

ID=6137518

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82106137A Withdrawn EP0070469A3 (fr) 1981-07-22 1982-07-08 Interrupteur à vide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4424427A (fr)
EP (1) EP0070469A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5826423A (fr)
DE (1) DE3129020A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2154065A (en) * 1984-02-02 1985-08-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vacuum switch
CN112582202A (zh) * 2020-11-26 2021-03-30 国网河南省电力公司商丘供电公司 一种配电系统用真空断路器

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4574169A (en) * 1984-09-04 1986-03-04 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Bimetallic arc shield
DE3628174A1 (de) * 1986-08-20 1988-02-25 Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag Vakuum-schaltkammer
DE3729968A1 (de) * 1987-09-07 1989-03-16 Opel Adam Ag Spannungsversorgungseinrichtung eines kraftfahrzeugs
US5410446A (en) * 1993-09-10 1995-04-25 Cooper Industries, Inc. Circuit breaker explosion stress absorber
JP2000040450A (ja) * 1998-07-22 2000-02-08 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 真空バルブ
JP2001222935A (ja) 2000-02-08 2001-08-17 Toshiba Corp 真空開閉装置
DE102017222991A1 (de) * 2017-12-18 2019-06-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschaltröhre
US11756756B2 (en) * 2021-02-25 2023-09-12 S&C Electric Company Vacuum interrupter with double live shield

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1047706A (en) * 1963-06-14 1966-11-09 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electrical devices wherein an electric arc may be produced in operation
CH449742A (de) * 1961-06-01 1968-01-15 Jennings Radio Manufacturing C Hermetisch dichtes Gehäuse und seine Verwendung für Vakuumschalter
DE3130641A1 (de) * 1981-07-30 1983-02-17 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Vakuumschaltroehre fuer elektrische leistungsschalter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH449742A (de) * 1961-06-01 1968-01-15 Jennings Radio Manufacturing C Hermetisch dichtes Gehäuse und seine Verwendung für Vakuumschalter
GB1047706A (en) * 1963-06-14 1966-11-09 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electrical devices wherein an electric arc may be produced in operation
DE3130641A1 (de) * 1981-07-30 1983-02-17 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Vakuumschaltroehre fuer elektrische leistungsschalter

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2154065A (en) * 1984-02-02 1985-08-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vacuum switch
CN112582202A (zh) * 2020-11-26 2021-03-30 国网河南省电力公司商丘供电公司 一种配电系统用真空断路器
CN112582202B (zh) * 2020-11-26 2022-08-19 国网河南省电力公司商丘供电公司 一种配电系统用真空断路器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3129020A1 (de) 1983-02-10
US4424427A (en) 1984-01-03
EP0070469A3 (fr) 1984-10-17
JPS5826423A (ja) 1983-02-16

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Legal Events

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): CH GB IT LI

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19830712

PUAL Search report despatched

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AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): CH GB IT LI

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19850201

D18D Application deemed to be withdrawn (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

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18W Application withdrawn

Withdrawal date: 19850403

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: SCHMIDT, LOTHAR

Inventor name: GEBEL, RUDOLF, DIPL.-ING.