EP0057269B1 - Dispositif antidérapant pour canne ou béquille - Google Patents

Dispositif antidérapant pour canne ou béquille Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0057269B1
EP0057269B1 EP81109365A EP81109365A EP0057269B1 EP 0057269 B1 EP0057269 B1 EP 0057269B1 EP 81109365 A EP81109365 A EP 81109365A EP 81109365 A EP81109365 A EP 81109365A EP 0057269 B1 EP0057269 B1 EP 0057269B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ring
tip assembly
assembly according
tread support
ball
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81109365A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0057269A3 (en
EP0057269A2 (fr
Inventor
Josef Lottner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19813102868 external-priority patent/DE3102868C2/de
Priority claimed from DE19813117614 external-priority patent/DE3117614C2/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT81109365T priority Critical patent/ATE12341T1/de
Publication of EP0057269A2 publication Critical patent/EP0057269A2/fr
Publication of EP0057269A3 publication Critical patent/EP0057269A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0057269B1 publication Critical patent/EP0057269B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H3/00Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about
    • A61H3/02Crutches
    • A61H3/0288Ferrules or tips therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45BWALKING STICKS; UMBRELLAS; LADIES' OR LIKE FANS
    • A45B9/00Details
    • A45B9/04Ferrules or tips
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H3/00Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about
    • A61H3/02Crutches
    • A61H3/0288Ferrules or tips therefor
    • A61H2003/0294Ferrules or tips therefor comprising a ball-and-socket joint

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a non-slip body with a ball joint for the lower end of the stick of a walking aid, wherein the anti-slip body has a tread support and the hollow spherical shell of the ball joint is located in an axial central opening of a ring and from complementary partial spherical shell profiles at the upper end of the central opening and on the inner end face of a plug inserted from below into the central opening and the ball of the ball joint has a pin which protrudes from the upper end of the central opening of the ring and is connected to the stick.
  • the known anti-skid body is more complicated and expensive than such an important additional element for a walking aid for the disabled is appropriate.
  • Another major shortcoming of this anti-skid body is its considerable height, which makes it too large and bulky for a stick.
  • the tread carrier has a bore for receiving the pin of the ball and the ring forms a connecting part for connecting the anti-slip body to a stick.
  • the central opening of the ring is closed at the top by a spring-loaded plug.
  • the ball can be torn off the pin or at least cracks can result, which later lead to breakage.
  • access to the central opening is also free, through which dust, dirt and water penetrate into the hollow spherical shell, which can damage the ball joint and render it inoperable.
  • the object of the invention is to improve a non-slip body so that it has a ball joint that functions safely over a long period of use under all conceivable conditions and is characterized by a compact, robust design with a low height.
  • the anti-skid body has a ball joint that functions safely over a long period of use under all conceivable conditions and is characterized by a compact, robust design with a low height. Few parts that can be easily assembled are sufficient for the construction of the anti-skid body according to the invention, so that it can be inexpensively manufactured both in terms of material consumption and the production of parts and assembly.
  • the edge flange on the ring is advantageously overlapped by an inward edge part of the tread carrier. This results in a solid cohesion of the parts in use. For example, to replace the worn tread carrier, the parts can be easily separated from each other by lifting the snap-in grip.
  • edge flange is formed on the outer wall of a circumferential groove in the bottom of the ring and the opposite inner wall faces the groove and that an adapted profiled, Hollow approach engages the tread bracket, which has the edge part on the outer circumference.
  • the result is that the approach of the tread support serving as a connecting element is supported both on the inside by the inner wall and on the outside by the outer wall of the groove of the ring.
  • This bilateral support prevents shear forces that occur when the anti-skid z. B. is loaded with a lateral force when the user stands up, can tear off the highly stressed approach of the tread wearer.
  • the extension has a section set back to the outwardly directed edge part and the outer circumference of the edge part is smaller than the outer circumference of the tread support. Since the edge part is set back against the outer circumference of the tread support, the outer surfaces of the ring and the tread support plugged together with it can merge into one another without a step, i. H. have the same outside diameter.
  • the smoothness of the circumference of the anti-slip body is important so that it cannot get caught and cause the user of the walking aid to fall.
  • the transition between the edge part and the recessed section is advantageously stepped at right angles.
  • the edge part of the tread support and the recessed section have approximately the same height.
  • the profiling on the inner surface of the outer wall of the groove, which engages with the edge part of the attachment, is also dimensioned accordingly.
  • the outward edge portion and the recessed portion of the extension are advantageously provided with a cylindrical peripheral surface.
  • the outward-facing edge part of the attachment forms an inclined surface with the section set back to this.
  • the outer wall of the groove runs obliquely in line with the profiling of the outer circumference of the attachment and at its free edge a plurality of flat circumferential grooves are formed on the inner surface.
  • the matched inclined surfaces are easy to manufacture. Their cohesion is firm and offers a good connection between the ring and the tread support.
  • the inner wall of the groove is slightly bevelled downwards and inwards and that the inner wall of the hollow extension is cylindrical. This beveling of the groove in connection with the cylindrical wall surface of the attachment results in an increased pressing of the attachment material, which brings about an improvement in the cohesion of the parts.
  • the narrowed end opposite the closed end of the central opening of the ring is covered with an outer curved ring sleeve, the thickness of which decreases from the inside to the outside.
  • a stick connecting piece 2 is suitably inserted, which consists of a sleeve which rests with an end flange 3 against the edge of the stick 1, so that it cannot slip into it.
  • a longitudinal opening 4 of the sleeve of the pole connector 2 is part of a shaft designed as a cylindrical pin 5, which is integrally formed on a ball 6 made of metal or plastic.
  • an annular collar 7 is arranged on the pin 5, which is embedded in an annular extension 8 at the lower end of the opening 4 of the pole connector 2.
  • the pin 5 protrudes through the narrowed end 9 of the central opening 10 of a ring 11, which can also be made of metal or plastic.
  • the inner surface of the central opening 10 is adapted in the region of the narrowed end 9 as a profiled spherical shell profile 12 of the ball 6.
  • the axial continuation of this profile 12 of the central opening 10 is equipped with an internal thread 13 which extends to the end of the central opening 10.
  • the diameter of the central opening 10 of the ring 11 is slightly larger at the narrowed end 9 than the collar 7 of the pin 5, so that it can be inserted through the ring 11.
  • a plug 15 is inserted into the central opening 10 from below, and is screwed to the internal thread 13 by means of an external thread 16.
  • the plug 15 is preferably made of self-lubricating material and has a concave partial spherical shell profile 17 on the surface facing the narrowed end 9 of the central opening 10, the radius of curvature of which corresponds essentially to that of the ball 6.
  • the lower surface of the plug 15 screwed into the central opening 10 is flush with the lower surface of the ring 11 (FIG. 2) and the plug is secured against unscrewing by means of a grub screw 18.
  • a cap-shaped tread support 19 engages over an edge flange 21 of the ring 11 with an inward edge 10 and forms together with the ring 11 the anti-skid body with a smooth cylindrical outer surface, which is articulated to the stick 1 via the ball 6.
  • a lubrication opening 22 in the bottom of the plug 15 enables the ball 6 to be lubricated if the plug 15 is not made of self-lubricating material.
  • a stick connecting piece 102 is suitably inserted, which consists of a sleeve which bears with an end flange 103 against the edge of the stick 101, so that she cannot slip into it.
  • a longitudinal opening 64 of the sleeve of the stick connector 102 is part of a cylindrical pin 105 which is integrally formed on a ball 106 made of metal, preferably brass.
  • an annular collar 107 is arranged on the pin 105, which is embedded in an annular extension 108 at the lower end of the opening 104 of the pole connection piece 102.
  • the pin 5 protrudes through the narrowed end 109 of the central opening 110 of a ring 111, which can be made of harder plastic.
  • the inner surface 112 of the central opening 110 is adapted to a belt zone of the ball 106 at the narrowed end 109.
  • the axial continuation of this inner surface 112 of the central opening 110 is provided with an internal thread 113 which extends to the end of the central opening 110.
  • the diameter of the narrowed end 109 of the central opening 110 of the ring 111 is slightly larger than the collar 107 of the pin 105, so that it can be inserted through this narrowed end.
  • a plug 115 is inserted into the central opening 110 from below and is screwed to the internal thread 113 by means of an external thread 116.
  • the plug 115 is preferably made of self-lubricating material and has a concave spherical shell curvature 117 on the surface facing the narrowed end 109 of the central opening 110, the curvature radius of which essentially corresponds to that of the ball 116.
  • the lower surface of the plug 115 screwed into the central opening 110 is flush with the bottom of the ring 111 (FIG. 4), and the plug 115 is secured against unscrewing by means of a welding point 140.
  • a circumferential groove 131 is formed in the bottom of the ring 111, which is open at the bottom and is delimited by an outer wall 132 and an inner wall 133.
  • the inner wall 133 is slightly beveled from top to bottom and inside, while the inner surface of the outer wall 132 is stepped cylindrical. It assigns one of the in Neren wall 133 facing edge flange 134 which protrudes at right angles from the inner surface of the outer wall 132.
  • the groove 131 serves to receive a profiled axial extension 135 of a tread support 130.
  • the extension 135 has a smaller outer diameter than the body 136 of the tread support 130. It consists of an outwardly directed edge part 137 and a section 138 set back to this.
  • the edge part 137 and section 138 are of substantially the same height. Their dimensions are adapted to the profile of the outer wall 132 of the groove 131.
  • the inclined surface of the inner wall 133 of the groove slightly compresses the cylindrical inner wall 139 of the hollow lug 135, resulting in an improvement in the engagement between the connection profiles 134 and 137. Since the outer diameter of the section 138 of the projection 135 is smaller than the outer circumference of the body 136 of the tread support, the outer circumference of the body 136 and the ring 111 can be dimensioned the same, so that there is a continuous peripheral surface of the entire anti-skid body.
  • the tread 148 of the tread support 130 has two relatively deep U-shaped grooves 141 which intersect at right angles and which openly end on the circumference of the tread support 130 (FIG. 5). Between these four rows of four ring segment ribs 142 are provided.
  • the grooves 141 are sharp-edged; they prevent aquaplaning and improve the anti-slip effect of the anti-slip body.
  • a ball 206 is inserted into the central opening of a ring 252 and is held in position by a screwed plug 215 secured by a welding point 240.
  • the ball 206 is surrounded by a sealing ring 214 in the area of its largest circumference. It has a pin 205, the annular collar 207 of which is embedded in an extension of a sleeve 202, into the longitudinal opening 204 of which the pin 205 projects.
  • At the lower end of the sleeve 202 there is an end flange 203, against which the edge of a stick 201 lies flush.
  • the connecting elements between a tread support 249 and the ring 252 here consist of an outer inclined surface 245 of a shoulder 253 of the tread support 249 and an adapted inclined surface 244 in the outer wall of the groove 254 of the ring 252.
  • the inclined surface 245 extends from the top outside inward below.
  • the inner wall 246 of the projection 253 is cylindrical, while the inner wall 247 of the groove 254 is directed obliquely downwards and inwards.
  • the interaction of the wedge 244 and the counter wedge 245 and the surfaces 246, 247 results in the solid cohesion of the parts 249 and 252.
  • the tread 248 of the body 251 of the tread carrier 249 is profiled in a similar way to the tread 148 of the body 136 of the example according to FIG. 3 to 5 and provided with ring segment ribs 242.
  • a ring sleeve 243 made of rubber-elastic material. It is wedge-shaped in cross-section with flattening increasing towards its outer edge.
  • the ring collar 243 moves with the pin 205 and practically completely prevents the ingress of dirt, etc. into the ball housing.
  • the ring collar 207 prevents them from slipping upward on the pin 205.
  • the ring sleeve 243 can also be used in the anti-skid bodies according to FIGS. 1 to 4.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Walking Sticks, Umbrellas, And Fans (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Slide Fasteners (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Dispositif antidérapant comportant un joint ou articulation à rotule pour l'extrémité inférieure de la canne d'un accessoire d'aide à la marche, ledit dispositif antidérapant présentant un support pour une surface d'appui au sol et le coussinet sphérique creux de réception de la rotule se trouvant dans une ouverture axiale centrale d'un anneau et se composant de profilages partiels se complétant de coussinet sphérique prévus à l'extrémité supérieure de l'ouverture centrale ainsi que sur la surface frontale intérieure d'un obturateur inséré par le bas dans l'ouverture centrale, tandis que la rotule de l'articulation présente un tenon qui fait saillie à partir de l'extrémité supérieure de l'ouverture centrale de l'anneau et est assemblé à la canne, caractérisé par le fait que l'obturateur (15; 115; 215) s'étend par sa face inférieure plane à affleurement avec la face inférieure de l'anneau (11; 111; 252) contre laquelle est appliqué le support (19; 130; 249) de la surface d'appui au sol et que sur l'anneau (11; 111; 252) est aménagé un rebord (21; 134; 244) qui est engagé de manière adaptée sur une partie de bordure (20; 137; 245) du support (19; 130; 249) de la surface d'appui au sol agencé en forme de coiffe.
2. Dispositif antidérapant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le rebord (21) est surmonté par une partie de bordure (20), dirigée vers l'intérieur, du support (19) de la surface d'appui au sol.
3. Dispositif antidérapant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le rebord (134) est ménagé sur la paroi extérieure (132; 244), d'une gorge circulaire (131; 254) formée dans le fond de l'anneau (111; 252) et est tournée vers la paroi intérieure opposée (133; 247) de la gorge (131; 254) et que dans la gorge (131; 254) pénétre à encliqueter un raccord creux (135; 253) qui est profilé sur le support (130; 249) de la surface d'appui au sol de façon à s'adapter à la dite gorge et qui présente sur sa périphérie extérieure la partie de bordure (137).
4. Dispositif antidérapant selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que le raccord (135; 253) présente un tronçon (138) en retrait par rapport à la partie de bordure (137) tournée vers l'extérieur et que la périphérie extérieure de la partie de bordure (137) est plus petite que la périphérie extérieure du support (130; 249) de la surface d'appui au sol.
5. Dispositif antidérapant selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que la transition entre la partie de bordure (137) et le tronçon (138) en retrait est conformée en gradin rectangulaire.
6. Dispositif antidérapant selon la revendication 5, caracterisé par le fait que la partie de bordure (137) et le tronçon en retrait (138) présentent sensiblement la même hauteur.
7. Dispositif antidérapant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractériseé par le fait que la partie de bordure (137) tournée vers l'extérieur et le tronçon en retrait (138) du raccord (135) sont pourvus d'une surface périphérique cylindrique.
8. Dispositif antidérapant selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé par le fait que la partie de bordure du raccord (253) tournée vers l'extérieur forme avec le tronçon en retrait par rapport à celle-ci une surface inclinée (245).
9. Dispositif antidérapant selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que la paroi extérieure (244) de la gorge (254) présente une orientation inclinée de façon à s'adapter au prodil de la périphérie extérieure du raccord (253), et que sur son bord libre sont ménagés sur la surface intérieure plusieurs cannelures périphériques plates.
10. Dispositif antidérapant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que la paroi intérieure (133; 247) de la gorge (131; 254) est sensiblement inclinée vers le bas et vers l'intérieur et que la paroi intérieure (139; 246) du raccord creux (135; 253) est conformée cylindriquement.
11. Dispositif antidérapant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que les surfaces extérieures de l'anneau (11; 111; 252) et le support (19; 130; 249) de la surface d'appui au sol engagé sur celui-ci sont dans un prolongement mutuel sans décrochement.
12. Dispositif antidérapant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que dans la face de dessous (148; 248) du support (130; 249) de la surface d'appui au sol sont ménagées des gorges profondes en croix (141) à bords vifs dont les extrémité s'ouvrent en débouchant sur le bord périphérique du support (130; 249) de la surface d'appui au sol et qu'entre ces gorges se trouvent plusieurs séries de nervures (142; 242) en forme de segments annulaires.
13. Dispositif antidérapant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé par le fait que l'extrémité rétrécie opposée à l'extrémité obturée de l'ouverture centrale de l'anneau (11; 111; 252) est recouverte par une manchette annulaire (243) qui est bombée vers l'extérieur et dont l'epaisseur va en diminuant de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur.
EP81109365A 1981-01-29 1981-10-30 Dispositif antidérapant pour canne ou béquille Expired EP0057269B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81109365T ATE12341T1 (de) 1981-01-29 1981-10-30 Gleitschutzkoerper fuer den stock einer gehhilfe.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813102868 DE3102868C2 (de) 1981-01-29 1981-01-29 Anordnung mit einem Gleitschutzkörper und mit einem Kugelgelenk für das untere Ende des Stockes einer Gehhilfe
DE3102868 1981-01-29
DE3117614 1981-05-05
DE19813117614 DE3117614C2 (de) 1981-05-05 1981-05-05 Anordnung mit einem Gleitschutzkörper und mit einem Kugelgelenk für das untere Ende des Stockes einer Gehhilfe

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0057269A2 EP0057269A2 (fr) 1982-08-11
EP0057269A3 EP0057269A3 (en) 1982-09-01
EP0057269B1 true EP0057269B1 (fr) 1985-03-27

Family

ID=25790827

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81109365A Expired EP0057269B1 (fr) 1981-01-29 1981-10-30 Dispositif antidérapant pour canne ou béquille

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4440186A (fr)
EP (1) EP0057269B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU554160B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8200476A (fr)
DE (1) DE3169591D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK37982A (fr)
ES (1) ES271044Y (fr)
NO (1) NO152584C (fr)

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US6883530B2 (en) * 2003-09-15 2005-04-26 Tetsuji Kawakami Nonslip walking stick rest
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US7581556B2 (en) * 2005-12-13 2009-09-01 University Of Maryland Crutch-like mobility assist device with rotatable footer assembly
US7588044B2 (en) * 2006-08-11 2009-09-15 Baker William H Foot assembly for a walking aid
WO2009006488A2 (fr) 2007-07-02 2009-01-08 Core Consulting, Llc Ensemble de béquille
US7637274B1 (en) * 2008-05-02 2009-12-29 Rodney Dodson Articulating glide assembly
US8671962B1 (en) 2008-05-02 2014-03-18 Rodney Dodson Walker glide assembly
US7748396B2 (en) * 2008-05-21 2010-07-06 Gary S. Lasota Anti-slip crutch tip apparatus and method
US20110240077A1 (en) * 2008-12-15 2011-10-06 Sarah Doherty Assistive mobility device
CN201518816U (zh) * 2009-10-27 2010-07-07 齐威国际股份有限公司 全方位支撑之拐杖结构
GB2494906A (en) * 2011-09-23 2013-03-27 Gdf Medical Ltd A support foot having a resiliently biased pivot
JP6081083B2 (ja) * 2012-05-23 2017-02-15 株式会社Freepower 歩行補助具
CN102783774A (zh) * 2012-07-31 2012-11-21 苏州市伦琴工业设计有限公司 高稳拐杖
CN102813348A (zh) * 2012-08-20 2012-12-12 南昌大学 可勾顶的多功能实用拐杖
US8739807B2 (en) * 2012-10-01 2014-06-03 Kevin Darrell Taylor Protective glide for medical walker legs
US9084458B2 (en) 2013-04-08 2015-07-21 Hurrycane Llc Walking aid including a bendable puck coupled between a foot and handle
USD811720S1 (en) 2013-04-08 2018-03-06 Hurryworks Llc Cane
US9951808B2 (en) * 2013-11-15 2018-04-24 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. Elastomeric spherical bearing assembly and structural member incorporating the same
USD738103S1 (en) * 2014-06-25 2015-09-08 Go Steady, Llc Cane tip
US9386830B2 (en) 2014-10-02 2016-07-12 Hurryworks Llc Walking aid device
US9737121B2 (en) 2015-12-03 2017-08-22 3C Automation, Inc. Adaptive pivoting and impact reduction tip assembly for walking aids
US9955760B2 (en) 2015-12-03 2018-05-01 3C Automation, Inc. Adaptive pivoting and impact reduction tip assembly for walking aids
US10550907B2 (en) * 2016-08-18 2020-02-04 Textron Innovations Inc. Liquid inertia vibration elimination system
US10039688B1 (en) * 2017-02-03 2018-08-07 Robert Epp Walker glide
US10499740B2 (en) * 2017-10-16 2019-12-10 Vincent Browne Furniture leg attachment
US12006971B2 (en) * 2018-05-02 2024-06-11 Hc-Atm Group Pty Ltd Bush assembly
RU2680938C2 (ru) * 2018-07-05 2019-02-28 Покровский Юрий Леонидович Лыжная палка прогулочная
RU185474U1 (ru) * 2018-08-09 2018-12-05 Юрий Леонидович Покровский Лыжная палка прогулочная
USD895957S1 (en) * 2019-01-25 2020-09-15 Ce Fang Cane tip
US10925359B1 (en) * 2019-10-08 2021-02-23 Hope Marcelle Smith Roofing walking stick
DE102022100897A1 (de) 2022-01-17 2023-07-20 Otto Ganter Gmbh & Co. Kg Normteilefabrik Gelenkiger Stellfuß mit Auflageteller

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES271044Y (es) 1984-04-01
NO152584B (no) 1985-07-15
DE3169591D1 (en) 1985-05-02
DK37982A (da) 1982-07-30
EP0057269A3 (en) 1982-09-01
ES271044U (es) 1983-10-16
BR8200476A (pt) 1982-11-30
AU7969782A (en) 1982-08-05
US4440186A (en) 1984-04-03
NO152584C (no) 1985-10-23
AU554160B2 (en) 1986-08-07
EP0057269A2 (fr) 1982-08-11
NO820233L (no) 1982-07-30

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