EP0053524A1 - Self blast electrical circuit breaker with rotating arc - Google Patents

Self blast electrical circuit breaker with rotating arc Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0053524A1
EP0053524A1 EP81401549A EP81401549A EP0053524A1 EP 0053524 A1 EP0053524 A1 EP 0053524A1 EP 81401549 A EP81401549 A EP 81401549A EP 81401549 A EP81401549 A EP 81401549A EP 0053524 A1 EP0053524 A1 EP 0053524A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contacts
shunt
contact
main
circuit breaker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81401549A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0053524B1 (en
Inventor
Olivier Bouilliez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
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Merlin Gerin SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Publication of EP0053524A1 publication Critical patent/EP0053524A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0053524B1 publication Critical patent/EP0053524B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H33/121—Load break switches
    • H01H33/122—Load break switches both breaker and sectionaliser being enclosed, e.g. in SF6-filled container

Definitions

  • European patent application 11 • 11,542 describes an electrical circuit breaker of the type mentioned in which the main circuit is arranged in a quasi-independent manner from the auxiliary breaking circuit inside the sealed enclosure. This particular arrangement allows a significant simplification of a pneumatically self-blowing circuit breaker of the type commercially known as FLUARC, and it has proved advantageous to use this technique in rotary arc circuit breakers.
  • Rotary arc circuit breakers use a blowing coil inserted in the auxiliary circuit and the increase in the reactance of the auxiliary circuit prevents rapid switching of the current on this auxiliary circuit.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback and to allow the production of an electric circuit breaker with rotating arc equipped with independent main contacts. pendants of a particularly simple structure.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that said arcing contacts are arranged in the form of opposite annular tracks, said coil being attached to the rear face of one of said tracks and electrically connected in arcing contacts , so as to generate a radial magnetic field in the separation interval of said annular tracks during a switching of the arc on the arcing contacts and in that it comprises a pair of shunt contacts arranged in a circuit shunt adjacent to said main contacts, said shunt contacts being arranged to separate after said main contacts to avoid any switching arc on the main contacts and said movable shunt contact flapping in the vicinity of said arcing contacts, so as to transfer the arc drawn on the separate shunt contacts on said arcing contacts.
  • a shunt circuit allows opening of the circuit breaker in three distinct phases, in this case a first phase of separation of the main contacts with switching of the current on the shunt circuit, a second phase of separation of the shunt contacts with formation of a switching arc and a third phase of transfer of the arc to the arcing contacts with switching on of the blow-off coil imposing a rapid rotation of the arc on the arcing contacts in the form of tracks annular.
  • the movable shunt contact ensures the transfer of the arc to fixed arcing contacts arranged at an optimal extinction distance from the arc.
  • the movable shunt contact is arranged as a pivoting knife mounted for rotation on the same axis as the knife forming the movable main contact.
  • Advance separation of the main contacts is advantageously carried out by a particular conformation of the shunt contacts, so as to allow a mechanical connection of the main mobile and shunt contacts.
  • the arcing contacts are arranged tangentially to the displacement path of the movable shunt contact, so as to pick up the arc and to switch on the blow-off coil immediately after the shunt contacts are separated.
  • the movable assembly formed by the main movable and shunt contacts carries a pallet which causes during its displacement during an opening of the circuit breaker a displacement of blowing gas facilitating the transfer of the of the shunt contacts to the arcing contacts.
  • Control of the circuit breaker is particularly simple and the mass of the moving element is low, which facilitates rapid separation of the contacts.
  • a pole of a self-blowing circuit breaker comprises a sealed casing 10 made of an insulating material filled with a gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride, under an appropriate pressure.
  • Crossings 12, 14 shaped as supply terminals of current cross opposite bottoms 16, 18 of the envelope 10 and extend along a rectilinear trajectory.
  • the bushing 12 carries a main fixed contact 20 capable of cooperating with a movable main contact 22 in the form of a knife pivotally mounted on a fixed shaft 24 carried by an extension 26 of the bushing 14.
  • the movable main contact 22 is constituted by two knives 2?
  • a, 22b coming to grip in the closed position of the pads 20a, 20b, constituting the fixed main contact 20.
  • On the fixed axis 24 is mounted to rotate a movable shunting contact 28 constituted by a pair of knives 28a, coming to enclose in the closed position a fixed shunting contact 30 electrically and mechanically connected to the bushing 12 by a support 32.
  • the clamping force of the knives, 22a, 22b, 28a is increased by electrodynamic forces traversing the contacts in a manner well known to specialists.
  • the knives 22a, 22b, 28a are mechanically secured by an axis 40 passing through orifices provided in the knives, and on which the end of a control rod 42 is articulated.
  • the movable shunting contact 28 is interposed between the knives 22a , 22b of the mobile main contact 22, and it is clear that other operating arrangements can be used and that the main mobile contact or the mobile shunt contact can include a different number of knives, in particular a single knife.
  • the control rod 42 is articulated by its end opposite to the crank pin 44 of a crank 46 wedged on a control shaft 48 passing through the wall of the casing 10 and actuated by a control mechanism of any type well known to specialists.
  • the main movable contact 22 and the movable shunt contact 28 extend substantially in the rectilinear direction of the bushings 12, 14, ensuring a main circuit for practically rectilinear current passage of minimum length.
  • a rotation of the control shaft 48 is transmitted by the connecting rod 42 - crank 46 assembly to the movable assembly, constituted by the knives 22a, 22b, 28a, so as to pivot these knives on the articulation formed by the axis 24 to an open position, shown in Figure 4, substantially perpendicular to the initial closed position.
  • the knives 28a of the shunt contact 28 have a length greater than that of the knives 22a, 22b of the main contact 22, and the fixed shunt contact 30 offset in height in FIG. 2 relative to the main fixed contacts 22a, 22b, has a part 50 projecting towards the open position relative to the main fixed contacts 20a, 20b.
  • This projecting arrangement 50 of the fixed shunt contact 30 allows separation of the main contacts 22, 20 before the separation of the shunt contacts 28, 30 during an opening operation of the circuit breaker.
  • the delayed opening of the shunt contacts 28, 30 may of course result from a different conformation of the main contacts 20, 22 or from the movable shunt contact 28, or be produced by a particular arrangement of the control mechanism 46, 42.
  • the casing 10 also contains an auxiliary circuit 52, constituted by a fixed arcing contact 54, electrically and mechanically secured by a support 56 at the bushing 14, and a fixed assembly 58 secured by a conductive support 60 at the bushing 12
  • the fixed assembly 58 comprises an arcing contact 62 in the form of an annular track arranged opposite and with a fixed spacing from the fixed arcing contact 54, also shaped as an annular track.
  • Fixed set 58 further comprises a blowing coil 64, constituted by a stack of split discs attached to the rear face of the arcing contact 62.
  • the fixed assembly 58 may be of the type described in French patent application No. 79 22151, filed September 3, 1979, to which reference may be made for further information.
  • the coil 64 is connected in series with the arcing contacts 54, 62 in the auxiliary circuit 52.
  • the auxiliary circuit 52 is disposed laterally of the main circuit 20, 22, 26 at a sufficient distance for a free movement in direction of the auxiliary circuit 52 of the movable contacts 22, 28.
  • the arcing contact 62, associated with the coil 64, is arranged tangentially and at short interval 66, from the projecting part 50 of the fixed shunt contact 30.
  • the fixed arcing contact 54 is disposed in a similar manner tangentially to the circular path described by the end of the mobile shunt contact 28.
  • the main mobile contacts 22 and shunt 28 come into the withdrawal position of the arcing contact 54, so as to prevent any re-ignition of the arcing on the movable contacts 22, 28.
  • An insulating gap 68 separates the arcing contacts 54, 62 preventing any passage current in the auxiliary circuit 52 and therefore any supply of the coil 64 in the closed position of the circuit breaker, represented in FIG. 1.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention operates as follows:
  • the root of the arc anchored on the protruding part 50 quickly switches by looping effect on the adjacent arc contact 62 switching on the blowing coil 64.
  • the root anchored on the mobile shunt contact 28 switches on the arcing contact 54 and the arc is blown in rotation on the annular contacts 54, 62 by the magnetic field generated by the coil 64 in a manner well known to specialists.
  • Interval 68 corresponds to the optimal arc extinction distance. It can be seen that the separation of the main contacts 20, 22, which provide the function of conduction of the permanent current, is always carried out without an arc, the switching arc being drawn between the shunt contacts 28, 30, which practically contribute not to the conduction of the permanent current.
  • the arcing contacts 54, 62 are fixed and have the sole function of extinguishing the arcing.
  • the assembly is particularly simple, and the mass of the mobile assembly constituted by the knives 22a, 22b, 28a is low.
  • the switching arc is subjected to a rotational blowing.
  • a plate 70 (fig.l) whose movement causes a displacement of the gas contained in the envelope 10 in direction of the arcing contacts 54, 62, causing an arc blowing and facilitating the switching of the arc from the shunt contacts 28, 30 to the arcing contacts 54, 62.
  • the presence of the blowing plate 70 slightly increases the control energy, but the latter remains relatively low compared to that required for the pneumatic self-blowing device by gas piston.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention est relative à un disjoncteur à arc tournant et à contacts principaux (20, 22). Parallèlement au circuit principal à L contacts principaux (20, 22) et à un circuit auxiliaire (52) contenant des contacts d'arc (54, 62) et la bobine de soufflage (64) est connecté un circuit de shuntage ayant des contacts de shuntage (28, 30), qui se séparent après la séparation des contacts principaux (20, 22) lors d'un mouvement d'ouverture du disjoncteur. L'arc de commutation est tiré sur les contacts de shuntage (28, 30) avant d'être transféré sur les contacts d'arc (54, 62) pour être mis en rotation par soufflage magnétique.The invention relates to a rotary arc circuit breaker with main contacts (20, 22). Parallel to the main circuit with L main contacts (20, 22) and to an auxiliary circuit (52) containing arcing contacts (54, 62) and the blow coil (64) is connected a shunt circuit having contacts shuntage (28, 30), which separate after separation of the main contacts (20, 22) during an opening movement of the circuit breaker. The switching arc is drawn on the shunt contacts (28, 30) before being transferred to the arcing contacts (54, 62) to be rotated by magnetic blowing.

Description

L'invention est relative à un disjoncteur électrique à autosoufflage par rotation de l'arc sous l'action d'un champ magnétique engendré par le courant à couper comprenant :

  • - une enveloppe étanche remplie d'un gaz isolant à rigidité diélectrique élevée, notamment de l'hexafluorure de soufre,
  • - une paire de traversées traversant d'une manière étanche la paroi de ladite enveloppe et constituant respectivement une borne d'entrée et une borne de sortie du disjoncteur,
  • - un circuit principal de passage de courant ayant une paire de contacts principaux dont l'un mobile est susceptible d'être déplacé en position d'ouverture par un mécanisme de commande, ledit circuit principal étant relié et s'étendant entre lesdites bornes suivant une trajectoire rectiligne,
  • - un circuit auxiliaire adjacent et connecté en parallèle dudit circuit principal auxdites bornes, ledit circuit auxiliaire comprenant une paire de contacts d'arc,
  • - une bobine de soufflage magnétique de l'arc ancré sur lesdits contacts d'arc.
The invention relates to an electric circuit breaker with self-blowing by rotation of the arc under the action of a magnetic field generated by the current to be cut comprising:
  • - a sealed envelope filled with an insulating gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride,
  • a pair of bushings passing through the wall of said casing in a leaktight manner and respectively constituting an input terminal and an output terminal of the circuit breaker,
  • a main current flow circuit having a pair of main contacts, one of which movable can be moved to the open position by a control mechanism, said main circuit being connected and extending between said terminals according to a rectilinear trajectory,
  • an adjacent auxiliary circuit connected in parallel with said main circuit to said terminals, said auxiliary circuit comprising a pair of arcing contacts,
  • - a magnetic blow coil of the arc anchored on said arcing contacts.

La demande de brevet européen l1• 11.542 décrit un disjoncteur électrique du genre mentionné dans lequel le circuit principal est disposé d'une manière quasi-indépendante du circuit auxiliaire de coupure à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe étanche. Cette disposition particulière permet une simplification notable d'un disjoncteur à autosoufflage pneumatique du type commercialement dénommé FLUARC, et il s'est avéré intéressant d'utiliser cette technique dans les disjoncteurs à arc tournant. Les disjoncteurs à arc tournant utilisent une bobine de soufflage insérée dans le circuit auxiliaire et l'augmentation de la réactance du circuit auxiliaire s'oppose à une commutation rapide du courant sur ce circuit auxiliaire.European patent application 11 • 11,542 describes an electrical circuit breaker of the type mentioned in which the main circuit is arranged in a quasi-independent manner from the auxiliary breaking circuit inside the sealed enclosure. This particular arrangement allows a significant simplification of a pneumatically self-blowing circuit breaker of the type commercially known as FLUARC, and it has proved advantageous to use this technique in rotary arc circuit breakers. Rotary arc circuit breakers use a blowing coil inserted in the auxiliary circuit and the increase in the reactance of the auxiliary circuit prevents rapid switching of the current on this auxiliary circuit.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à cet inconvénient et de permettre la réalisation d'un disjoncteur électrique à arc tournant équipé de contacts principaux indépendants d'une structure particulièrement simple.The object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback and to allow the production of an electric circuit breaker with rotating arc equipped with independent main contacts. pendants of a particularly simple structure.

Le disjoncteur selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que lesdits contacts d'arc sont agencés en forme de pistes annulaires en regard, ladite bobine étant accolée à la face arrière de l'une desdites pistes et connectée électriquement en série des contacts d'arc, de manière à engendrer un champ magnétique radial dans l'intervalle de séparation desdites pistes annulaires lors d'une commutation de l'arc sur les contacts d'arc et en ce qu'il comporte une paire de contacts de shuntage disposés dans un circuit de shuntage adjacent auxdits contacts principaux, lesdits contacts de shuntage étant agencés pour se séparer après lesdits contacts principaux pour éviter tout arc de commutation sur les contacts principaux et ledit contact mobile de shuntage se débattant au voisinage desdits contacts d'arc, de manière à transférer l'arc tiré sur les contacts de shuntage séparés sur lesdits contacts d'arc.The circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that said arcing contacts are arranged in the form of opposite annular tracks, said coil being attached to the rear face of one of said tracks and electrically connected in arcing contacts , so as to generate a radial magnetic field in the separation interval of said annular tracks during a switching of the arc on the arcing contacts and in that it comprises a pair of shunt contacts arranged in a circuit shunt adjacent to said main contacts, said shunt contacts being arranged to separate after said main contacts to avoid any switching arc on the main contacts and said movable shunt contact flapping in the vicinity of said arcing contacts, so as to transfer the arc drawn on the separate shunt contacts on said arcing contacts.

La présence d'un circuit de shuntage permet une ouverture du disjoncteur en trois phases distinctes, en l'occurrence une première phase de séparation des contacts principaux avec commutation du courant sur le circuit de shuntage, une deuxième phase de séparation des contacts de shuntage avec formation d'un arc de commutation et une troisième phase de transfert de l'arc sur les contacts d'arc avec mise en circuit de la bobine de soufflage imposant une rotation rapide de l'arc sur les contacts d'arc en forme de pistes anau- laires. Le contact mobile de shuntage assure le transfert de l'arc sur des contacts d'arc fixes disposés à une distance optimale d'extinction de l'arc.The presence of a shunt circuit allows opening of the circuit breaker in three distinct phases, in this case a first phase of separation of the main contacts with switching of the current on the shunt circuit, a second phase of separation of the shunt contacts with formation of a switching arc and a third phase of transfer of the arc to the arcing contacts with switching on of the blow-off coil imposing a rapid rotation of the arc on the arcing contacts in the form of tracks annular. The movable shunt contact ensures the transfer of the arc to fixed arcing contacts arranged at an optimal extinction distance from the arc.

Selon un développement de l'invention, le contact mobfle de shuntage est agencé en couteau pivotant monté à rotation sur le même axe que le couteau formant le contact principal mobile. La séparation préalable des contacts principaux est réalisée avantageusement par une conformation particulière des contacts de shuntage, de manière à permettre une solidarisation mécanique des contacts mobiles principal et de shuntage. Les contacts d'arc sont disposés tangentiellement à la trajectoire de déplacement du contact mobile de shuntage, de façon à capter l'arc et à mettre en circuit la bobine de soufflage immédiatement après la séparation des contacts de shuntage.According to a development of the invention, the movable shunt contact is arranged as a pivoting knife mounted for rotation on the same axis as the knife forming the movable main contact. Advance separation of the main contacts is advantageously carried out by a particular conformation of the shunt contacts, so as to allow a mechanical connection of the main mobile and shunt contacts. The arcing contacts are arranged tangentially to the displacement path of the movable shunt contact, so as to pick up the arc and to switch on the blow-off coil immediately after the shunt contacts are separated.

Selon un développement de l'invention, l'équipage mobile formé par les contacts mobiles principal et de shuntage, porte une palette qui provoque au cours de son déplacement lors d'une ouverture du disjoncteur un déplacement de gaz de soufflage facilitant le transfert de l'arc des contacts de shuntage vers les contacts d'arc.According to a development of the invention, the movable assembly formed by the main movable and shunt contacts, carries a pallet which causes during its displacement during an opening of the circuit breaker a displacement of blowing gas facilitating the transfer of the of the shunt contacts to the arcing contacts.

La commande du disjoncteur est particulièrement simple et la masse de l'équipage mobile est faible, ce qui facilite une séparation rapide des contacts.Control of the circuit breaker is particularly simple and the mass of the moving element is low, which facilitates rapid separation of the contacts.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un disjoncteur selon l'invention, représenté en position fermée;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de gauche du dispositif de contacts permanent et de shuntage selon la fig. 1;
  • les figures 3'et 4 sont des vues partielles de la figure l, montrant les contacts respectivement en cours d'ouverture et en position ouverte.
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of an embodiment of the invention, given by way of nonlimiting example and represented in the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view in axial section of a circuit breaker according to the invention, shown in the closed position;
  • Figure 2 is a left view of the permanent contact and shunting device according to FIG. 1;
  • Figures 3 ' and 4 are partial views of Figure l, showing the contacts respectively during opening and in the open position.

Sur les figures, un pôle d'un disjoncteur à autosoufflage comporte une enveloppe 10 étanche en un matériau isolant remplie d'un gaz à rigidité diélectrique élevée, notamment de l'hexafluorure de soufre, sous une pression appropriée. Des traversées 12, 14 conformées en bornes d'amenée de courant traversent des fonds opposés 16, 18 de l'enveloppe 10 et s'étendent suivant une trajectoire rectiligne. La traversée 12 porte un contact fixe principal 20 susceptible de coopérer avec un contact principal mobile 22 en forme de couteau monté à pivotement sur un axe fixe 24 porté par un prolongement 26 de la traversée 14. En se référant plus particulièrement à la fiqure 2, on voit que dans l'exemple illustré par les figures, le contact principal mobile 22 est constitué par deux couteaux 2?a, 22b, venant enserrer en position de fermeture des plages 20a, 20b, constituant le contact principal fixe 20. Sur l'axe fixe 24 est monté à rotation un contact mobile de shuntage 28 constitué par une paire de couteaux 28a, venant enserrer en position de fermeture un contact fixe de shuntage 30 électriquement et mécaniquement relié à la traversée 12 par un support 32. Des ressorts de compression 34 enfilés sur une tige 36 et intercalés entre les couteaux 22a, 22b, 28a, sollicitent les couteaux d'une même paire en rapprochement, de manière à exercer une force de serrage d'une part.sur les contacts fixes 20a, 20b, 30, et d'autre,part sur des extensions-38 de la traversée 14 intercalées entre les paires de couteaux au niveau de l'axe fixe 24. La force de serrage des couteaux, 22a, 22b, 28a est accrue par les forces électrodynamiques parcourant les contacts d'une manière bien connue des spécialistes. Les couteaux 22a, 22b, 28a sont mécaniquement solidarisés par un axe 40 traversant des orifices ménagés dans les couteaux, et sur lequel est articulée l'extrémité d'une bielle de commande 42. Le contact mobile de shuntage 28 est intercalé entre les couteaux 22a, 22b du contact principal mobile 22, et il est clair que d'autres dispositions opérantes peuvent être utilisées et que le contact mobile principal ou le contact mobile de shuntage peut comporter un nombre différent de couteaux, notamment un couteau unique.In the figures, a pole of a self-blowing circuit breaker comprises a sealed casing 10 made of an insulating material filled with a gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride, under an appropriate pressure. Crossings 12, 14 shaped as supply terminals of current cross opposite bottoms 16, 18 of the envelope 10 and extend along a rectilinear trajectory. The bushing 12 carries a main fixed contact 20 capable of cooperating with a movable main contact 22 in the form of a knife pivotally mounted on a fixed shaft 24 carried by an extension 26 of the bushing 14. With particular reference to FIG. 2, we see that in the example illustrated by the figures, the movable main contact 22 is constituted by two knives 2? a, 22b, coming to grip in the closed position of the pads 20a, 20b, constituting the fixed main contact 20. On the fixed axis 24 is mounted to rotate a movable shunting contact 28 constituted by a pair of knives 28a, coming to enclose in the closed position a fixed shunting contact 30 electrically and mechanically connected to the bushing 12 by a support 32. Compression springs 34 threaded on a rod 36 and interposed between the knives 22a, 22b, 28a, urge the knives of the same pair in approach, so as to exert a clamping force on the one hand on the fixed contacts 2 0a, 20b, 30, and on the other hand, on extensions-38 of the bushing 14 interposed between the pairs of knives at the level of the fixed axis 24. The clamping force of the knives, 22a, 22b, 28a is increased by electrodynamic forces traversing the contacts in a manner well known to specialists. The knives 22a, 22b, 28a are mechanically secured by an axis 40 passing through orifices provided in the knives, and on which the end of a control rod 42 is articulated. The movable shunting contact 28 is interposed between the knives 22a , 22b of the mobile main contact 22, and it is clear that other operating arrangements can be used and that the main mobile contact or the mobile shunt contact can include a different number of knives, in particular a single knife.

La bielle de commande 42 est articulée par son extrémité opposée au maneton 44 d'une manivelle 46 calée sur un arbre de commande 48 traversant la paroi de l'enveloppe 10 et actionnée par un mécanisme de commande d'un type quelconque bien connu des spécialistes. En position de fermeture du disjoncteur, représentée à la figure 1, le contact mobile principal 22 et le contact mobile de shuntage 28 s'étendent sensiblement dans la direction rectiligne des traversées 12, 14, assurant un circuit principal de passage de courant pratiquement rectiligne de longueur minimale. Une rotation de l'arbre de commande 48 est transmise par l'ensemble bielle 42 - manivelle 46 à l'équipage mobile, constitué par les couteaux 22a, 22b, 28a, de manière à faire pivoter ces couteaux sur l'articulation formée par l'axe 24 vers une position d'ouverture, représentée à la figure 4, sensiblement perpendiculaire à la position initiale de fermeture.The control rod 42 is articulated by its end opposite to the crank pin 44 of a crank 46 wedged on a control shaft 48 passing through the wall of the casing 10 and actuated by a control mechanism of any type well known to specialists. In the closed position of the circuit breaker, shown in FIG. 1, the main movable contact 22 and the movable shunt contact 28 extend substantially in the rectilinear direction of the bushings 12, 14, ensuring a main circuit for practically rectilinear current passage of minimum length. A rotation of the control shaft 48 is transmitted by the connecting rod 42 - crank 46 assembly to the movable assembly, constituted by the knives 22a, 22b, 28a, so as to pivot these knives on the articulation formed by the axis 24 to an open position, shown in Figure 4, substantially perpendicular to the initial closed position.

Les couteaux 28a du contact de shuntage 28 présentent une longueur supérieure à celle des couteaux 22a, 22b du contact principal 22, et le contact fixe de shuntage 30 décalé en hauteur sur la figure 2 par rapport aux contacts fixes principaux 22a, 22b, présente une partie 50 en saillie en direction de la position d'ouverture par rapport aux contacts fixes principaux 20a, 20b. Cette disposition en saillie 50 du contact fixe de shuntage 30 permet une séparation des contacts principaux 22, 20 avant la séparation des contacts de shuntage 28, 30 lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture du disjoncteur. L'ouverture retardée des contacts de shuntage 28, 30 peut bien entendu résulter d'une conformation différente des contacts principaux 20, 22 ou dus contact mobile de shuntage 28, ou être réalisée par un agencement particulier du mécanisme de commande 46, 42.The knives 28a of the shunt contact 28 have a length greater than that of the knives 22a, 22b of the main contact 22, and the fixed shunt contact 30 offset in height in FIG. 2 relative to the main fixed contacts 22a, 22b, has a part 50 projecting towards the open position relative to the main fixed contacts 20a, 20b. This projecting arrangement 50 of the fixed shunt contact 30 allows separation of the main contacts 22, 20 before the separation of the shunt contacts 28, 30 during an opening operation of the circuit breaker. The delayed opening of the shunt contacts 28, 30 may of course result from a different conformation of the main contacts 20, 22 or from the movable shunt contact 28, or be produced by a particular arrangement of the control mechanism 46, 42.

L'enveloppe 10 contient de plus un circuit auxiliaire 52, constitué par un contact d'arc fixe 54, électriquement et mécaniquement solidarisé par un support 56 à la traversée 14, et un ensemble fixe 58 solidarisé par un support conducteur 60 à la traversée 12. L'ensemble fixe 58 comporte un contact d'arc 62 en forme de piste annulaire disposée en regard et à écartement fixe du contact d'arc fixe 54, également conformé en piste annulaire. L'ensemble fixe 58 comporte de plus une bobine de soufflage 64, constituée par un empilage de disques fendus accolés à la face arrière du contact d'arc 62. L'ensemble fixe 58 peut être du type décrit dans la demande de brevet français N° 79 22151, déposée le 3 septembre 1979, à laquelle on se reportera avantageusement pour de plus amples renseignements. Il suffit de rappeler que la bobine 64 est connectée en série des contacts d'arc 54, 62 dans le circuit auxiliaire 52. Le circuit auxiliaire 52 est disposé latéralement du circuit principal 20, 22, 26 à une distance suffisante à un libre débattement en direction du circuit auxiliaire 52 des contacts mobiles 22, 28. Le contact d'arc 62, associé à la bobine 64, est disposé tangentiellement et à faible intervalle 66, de la partie en saillie 50 du contact de shuntage fixe 30.The casing 10 also contains an auxiliary circuit 52, constituted by a fixed arcing contact 54, electrically and mechanically secured by a support 56 at the bushing 14, and a fixed assembly 58 secured by a conductive support 60 at the bushing 12 The fixed assembly 58 comprises an arcing contact 62 in the form of an annular track arranged opposite and with a fixed spacing from the fixed arcing contact 54, also shaped as an annular track. Fixed set 58 further comprises a blowing coil 64, constituted by a stack of split discs attached to the rear face of the arcing contact 62. The fixed assembly 58 may be of the type described in French patent application No. 79 22151, filed September 3, 1979, to which reference may be made for further information. It suffices to recall that the coil 64 is connected in series with the arcing contacts 54, 62 in the auxiliary circuit 52. The auxiliary circuit 52 is disposed laterally of the main circuit 20, 22, 26 at a sufficient distance for a free movement in direction of the auxiliary circuit 52 of the movable contacts 22, 28. The arcing contact 62, associated with the coil 64, is arranged tangentially and at short interval 66, from the projecting part 50 of the fixed shunt contact 30.

Le contact d'arc fixe 54 est disposé d'une manière analogue tangentiellement à la trajectoire circulaire décrite par l'extrémité du contact mobile de shuntage 28. En position d'ouverture du disjoncteur, représentée à la figure 4, les contacts mobiles principal 22 et de shuntage 28 viennent en position de retrait du contact d'arc 54, de façon à empêcher tout réamorçage de l'arc sur les contacts mobiles 22, 28. Un intervalle isolant 68 sépare les contacts d'arc 54, 62 empêchant tout passage de courant dans le circuit auxiliaire 52 et de ce fait toute alimentation de la bobine 64 en position férmée du disjoncteur, représentée à la figure 1.The fixed arcing contact 54 is disposed in a similar manner tangentially to the circular path described by the end of the mobile shunt contact 28. In the open position of the circuit breaker, shown in FIG. 4, the main mobile contacts 22 and shunt 28 come into the withdrawal position of the arcing contact 54, so as to prevent any re-ignition of the arcing on the movable contacts 22, 28. An insulating gap 68 separates the arcing contacts 54, 62 preventing any passage current in the auxiliary circuit 52 and therefore any supply of the coil 64 in the closed position of the circuit breaker, represented in FIG. 1.

Le disjoncteur selon l'invention fonctionne de la manière suivante :The circuit breaker according to the invention operates as follows:

En position fermée, représentée à la figure 1, la quasi- totalité du courant permanent entrant par la borne 12 parcourt les contacts principaux fixes 20a, 20b, les contacts principaux mobiles 22a, 22b en position fermée pour sortir par la borne opposée 14. Une faible partie du courant permanent parcourt le circuit de shuntage constitué par le contact fixe de shuntage 30 et le contact mobile de shuntage 28. La bobine 64 n'est pas alimentée du fait de l'in- terruption du circuit auxiliaire 52 par l'intervalle isolant 68. L'échauffement dû au passage du courant permanent est minimal, le trajet suivi par le courant étant de longueur minimale. Lors d'une commande d'ouverture par rotation de l'arbre de commande 48, les couteaux principaux 22a, 22b et les couteaux 28a du contact de shuntage 28 sont pivotés dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre sur la figure 1 par l'ensemble bielle 42 manivelle 46. En une position intermédiaire, représentée à la figure 3, les contacts principaux 20, 22 se séparent alors que les contacts de shuntage 28,30 sont encore fermés. La séparation des contacts principaux 20, 22 provoque une commutation du courant sur'le circuit de shuntage, cette commutation s'effectuant sans arc, la réactance du circuit de shuntage étant quasi identique à celle du circuit principal. Le circuit auxiliaire 52 reste temporairement hors circuit. Au cours du mouvement poursuivi de pivotement des couteaux 22a, 22b, 28a, les contacts de shuntage 28, 30 se séparent également en tirant un arc de commutation entre la partie en saillie 50 du contact fixe de shuntage 30 et l'extrémité du contact mobile de shuntage 28. La racine de l'arc ancrée sur la partie en saillie 50 commute rapidement par effet de boucle sur le contact d'arc adjacent 62 mettant en circuit la bobine de soufflage 64. En fin de mouvement d'ouverture, la racine ancrée sur le contact mobile de shuntage 28 commute sur le contact d'arc 54 et l'arc est soufflé en rotation sur les contacts annulaires 54, 62 par le champ magnétique engendré par la bobine 64 d'une manière bien connue des spécialistes. L'intervalle 68 correspond à la distance optimale d'extinction de l'arc. On voit que la séparation des contacts principaux 20, 22, qui assurent la fonction de conduction du courant permanent, s'effectue toujours sans arc,'l'arc de commutation étant tiré entre les contacts de shuntage 28, 30, qui ne contribuent pratiquement pas à la conduction du courant permanent. Les contacts d'arc 54, 62 sont fixes et ont pour seule fonction l'extinction de l'arc. L'ensemble est particulièrement simple, et la masse de l'équipage mobile constituée par les couteaux 22a, 22b, 28a est faible. Dès la mise en circuit de la bobine 64 l'arc de commutation est soumis à un soufflage en rotation. Il est avantageux d'associer à l'équipage mobile, constitué par le contact mobile principal 22 et le contact de shuntage mobile 28, une plaque 70 (fig.l) dont le mouvement provoque un déplacement du gaz contenu dans l'enveloppe 10 en direction des contacts d'arc 54, 62, provoquant un soufflage de l'arc et facilitant la commutation de l'arc des contacts de shuntage 28, 30 vers les contacts d'arc 54, 62. La présence de la plaque de soufflage 70 accroît légèrement l'énergie de commande, mais cette dernière reste relativement faible par rapport à celle nécessaire au dispositif d'autosoufflage pneumatique par pistonnage de gaz.In the closed position, represented in FIG. 1, almost all of the permanent current entering via the terminal 12 travels through the fixed main contacts 20a, 20b, the movable main contacts 22a, 22b in the closed position to exit through the opposite terminal 14. A small part of the permanent current flows through the shunting circuit constituted by the fixed shunting contact 30 and the movable shunting contact 28. The coil 64 is not supplied due to the break-up of the auxiliary circuit 52 by the insulating gap 68. The heating due to the passage of the permanent current is minimal, the path followed by the current being of minimum length. During an opening command by rotation of the control shaft 48, the main knives 22a, 22b and the knives 28a of the shunt contact 28 are pivoted clockwise in FIG. 1 by l 'rod assembly 42 crank 46. In an intermediate position, shown in Figure 3, the main contacts 20, 22 separate while the shunt contacts 28.30 are still closed. The separation of the main contacts 20, 22 causes a switching of the current on the shunting circuit, this switching taking place without an arc, the reactance of the shunting circuit being almost identical to that of the main circuit. The auxiliary circuit 52 remains temporarily off. During the continued pivoting movement of the knives 22a, 22b, 28a, the shunt contacts 28, 30 also separate by drawing a switching arc between the projecting part 50 of the fixed shunt contact 30 and the end of the movable contact shuntage 28. The root of the arc anchored on the protruding part 50 quickly switches by looping effect on the adjacent arc contact 62 switching on the blowing coil 64. At the end of the opening movement, the root anchored on the mobile shunt contact 28 switches on the arcing contact 54 and the arc is blown in rotation on the annular contacts 54, 62 by the magnetic field generated by the coil 64 in a manner well known to specialists. Interval 68 corresponds to the optimal arc extinction distance. It can be seen that the separation of the main contacts 20, 22, which provide the function of conduction of the permanent current, is always carried out without an arc, the switching arc being drawn between the shunt contacts 28, 30, which practically contribute not to the conduction of the permanent current. The arcing contacts 54, 62 are fixed and have the sole function of extinguishing the arcing. The assembly is particularly simple, and the mass of the mobile assembly constituted by the knives 22a, 22b, 28a is low. As soon as the coil 64 is switched on, the switching arc is subjected to a rotational blowing. It is advantageous to associate with the mobile assembly, constituted by the main mobile contact 22 and the mobile shunt contact 28, a plate 70 (fig.l) whose movement causes a displacement of the gas contained in the envelope 10 in direction of the arcing contacts 54, 62, causing an arc blowing and facilitating the switching of the arc from the shunt contacts 28, 30 to the arcing contacts 54, 62. The presence of the blowing plate 70 slightly increases the control energy, but the latter remains relatively low compared to that required for the pneumatic self-blowing device by gas piston.

Il est clair qu'on ne sortirait pas du cadre de l'invention en utilisant un contact d'arc semi-fixe ou mobile ou en remplaçant les contacts mobiles en couteaux par des contacts coulissants ou de tout autre type.It is clear that it would not go beyond the ambit of the invention to use a semi-fixed or movable arcing contact or to replace the movable contacts in knives with sliding contacts or of any other type.

Claims (10)

1. Disjoncteur électrique à autosoufflage par rotation de l'arc sous l'action d'un champ magnétique engendré par le courant à couper comprenant : - une enveloppe étanche (10) remplie d'un gaz isolant à rigidité diélectrique élevée, notamment de l'hexafluorure de soufre, - une paire de traversées (12, 14), traversant d'une manière étanche la paroi de ladite enveloppe et constituant respectivement une borne d'entrée et une borne de sortie du disjoncteur, - un circuit principal de passage de courant ayant une paire de contacts principaux (20, 22) dont l'un (22) mobile est susceptible d'être déplacé en position d'ouverture par un mécanisme de commande (42, 46), ledit circuit principal étant relié et s'étendant entre lesdites bornes suivant une. trajectoire rectiligne, - un circuit auxiliaire (52) adjacent et connecté en paral-- lèle dudit circuit principal auxdites bornes .(12, 14), ledit circuit auxiliaire comprenant une paire de contacts d'arc (54, 62), - une bobine (64) de soufflage magnétique de l'arc ancré sur lesdits contacts d'arc (54, 62),
caractérisé en ce que lesdits contacts d'arc (54, 62) sont agencés en forme de pistes annulaires en regard, ladite bobine (64) étant accolée à la face arrière de l'une desdites pistes et connectée électriquement en série des contacts d'arc, de manière à engendrer un champ magnétique radial dans l'intervalle (68) de séparation desdites pistes annulaires lors d'une commutation de l'arc sur les contacts d'arc et en ce qu'il comporte une paire de contacts de shuntage (28, 30) disposés dans un circuit de shuntage adjacent auxdits contacts principaux (20, 22), lesdits contacts de shuntage (28, 30) étant agencés pour se séparer après lesdits contacts principaux (20, 22) pour éviter tout arc de commutation sur les contacts principaux et ledit contact mobile de shuntage (28) se débattant au voisinage desdits contacts d'arc (54, 62), de manière à transférer l'arc tiré sur les contacts de shuntage séparés sur lesdits contacts d'arc.1. Electric circuit breaker with self-blowing by rotation of the arc under the action of a magnetic field generated by the current to be cut comprising: - a sealed envelope (10) filled with an insulating gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride, - a pair of bushings (12, 14), sealingly crossing the wall of said casing and respectively constituting an input terminal and an output terminal of the circuit breaker, - a main current flow circuit having a pair of main contacts (20, 22), one of which (22) movable can be moved to the open position by a control mechanism (42, 46), said main circuit being connected and extending between said terminals along a. rectilinear trajectory, - an auxiliary circuit (52) adjacent and connected in parallel - parallel to said main circuit at said terminals (12, 14), said auxiliary circuit comprising a pair of arcing contacts (54, 62), - a coil (64) for magnetic blowing of the arc anchored on said arcing contacts (54, 62),
characterized in that said arcing contacts (54, 62) are arranged in the form of opposite annular tracks, said coil (64) being attached to the rear face of one of said tracks and electrically connected in series with the contact arc, so as to generate a radial magnetic field in the interval (68) of separation of said annular tracks during a switching of the arc on the arcing contacts and in that it comprises a pair of shunt contacts (28, 30) arranged in a shunt circuit adjacent to said main contacts (20, 22), said shunt contacts (28, 30) being arranged to separate after said main contacts (20, 22) to avoid any switching arc on the main contacts and said movable shunt contact (28) struggling in the vicinity of said arcing contacts (54, 62), so as to transfer the arc drawn on the separate shunt contacts to said arcing contacts. 2. Disjoncteur électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits contacts d'arc (54, 62) sont des contacts fixes espacés d'une distance appropriée à une extinction de l'arc sous l'action du soufflage magnétique engendré par la bobine (64).2. An electric circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that said arcing contacts (54, 62) are fixed contacts spaced apart by a distance suitable for extinction of the arcing under the action of the magnetic blowing generated by the coil (64). 3. Disjoncteur électrique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le contact mobile (28) de shuntage est agencé en couteau pivotant (28a) dont l'extrémité se débat au cours du mouvement d'ouverture le long de l'intervalle (68) de séparation dès-contacts d'arc (54, 62), de manière à étaler l'arc devant les contacts d'arc.3. Electric circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the movable shunt contact (28) is arranged in a swivel knife (28a) the end of which struggles during the opening movement along the interval (68) separating arcing contacts (54, 62), so as to spread the arc in front of the arcing contacts. 4. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le contact mobile principal (22) agencé en forme de couteau (22a, 22b) et le contact mobile de shuntage (28) sont montés à pivotement sur un même axe (24) et sont solidarisés mécaniquement pour se déplacer simultanément, les contacts de shuntage (28, 30) étant conformés pour se séparer après les contacts principaux (20, 22).4. Circuit breaker according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the main movable contact (22) arranged in the form of a knife (22a, 22b) and the movable shunt contact (28) are pivotally mounted on the same axis. (24) and are mechanically secured to move simultaneously, the shunt contacts (28, 30) being shaped to separate after the main contacts (20, 22). 5. Disjoncteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le circuit principal et le circuit de shuntage sont sensiblement colinéaires en position de fermeture du disjoncteur, le circuit auxiliaire (52) étant décalé latéralement.5. Circuit breaker according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main circuit and the shunting circuit are substantially collinear in the closed position of the circuit breaker, the auxiliary circuit (52) being offset laterally. 6. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que la longueur du contact mobile (28) de shuntage est supérieure à celle du contact mobile principal (22) et que les contacts mobiles (22, 28) pivotent au cours du mouvement d'ouverture en direction des contacts d'arc (54, 68), ces derniers étant disposés tangentiellement en deux points espacés de la trajectoire circulaire décrite par l'extrémité du contact mobile (28) de shuntage.6. Circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that the length of the movable shunt contact (28) is greater than that of the main movable contact (22) and that the movable contacts (22, 28) pivot during the movement d opening in the direction of the arcing contacts (54, 68), the latter being arranged tangentially at two points spaced from the circular path described by the end mity of the mobile shunt contact (28). 7. Disjoncteur électrique selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le contact d'arc (62) associé à la bobine (64) de soufflage est disposé en un point de la trajectoire parcouru par ladite extrémité en premier lieu au cours du mouvement d'ouverture, de façon à mettre rapidement en circuit la bobine de soufflage.7. An electric circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that the arcing contact (62) associated with the blowing coil (64) is arranged at a point on the path traversed by said end in the first place during the movement d 'opening, so as to quickly switch on the supply coil. 8. Disjoncteur électrique selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que les contacts mobiles principal (22) et de shuntage (28) sont disposés en position d'ouverture en retrait du contact d'arc (54) opposé au contact d'arc (62) associé à la bobine (64) pour éviter tout réamorçage intempestif sur lesdits contacts mobiles (22, 28).8. Electric circuit breaker according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the main movable contacts (22) and shunt (28) are arranged in the open position set back from the arcing contact (54) opposite the contact of arc (62) associated with the coil (64) to avoid any inadvertent re-ignition on said movable contacts (22, 28). 9. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que le contact fixe de shuntage (30) se prolonge jusqu'à proximité du contact d'arc (62) associé à la bobine (64).9. Circuit breaker according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the fixed shunt contact (30) extends as close to the arcing contact (62) associated with the coil (64). 10. Disjoncteur électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'équipage mobile comportant les contacts mobiles (22, 28) porte une palette (70) susceptible d'engendrer un soufflage pneumatique de l'arc en direction des contacts d'arc (54, 62) au cours du mouvement d'ouverture du disjoncteur.10. Electric circuit breaker according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable assembly comprising the movable contacts (22, 28) carries a pallet (70) capable of causing a pneumatic blowing of the arc in the direction of the arcing contacts (54, 62) during the opening movement of the circuit breaker.
EP81401549A 1980-11-17 1981-10-07 Self blast electrical circuit breaker with rotating arc Expired EP0053524B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8024397 1980-11-17
FR8024397A FR2494493A1 (en) 1980-11-17 1980-11-17 ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH SELF-BLOWING BY ARC ROTATION

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EP0053524A1 true EP0053524A1 (en) 1982-06-09
EP0053524B1 EP0053524B1 (en) 1985-01-02

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EP81401549A Expired EP0053524B1 (en) 1980-11-17 1981-10-07 Self blast electrical circuit breaker with rotating arc

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US (1) US4529853A (en)
EP (1) EP0053524B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1173088A (en)
CS (1) CS226039B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3168063D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8207657A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2494493A1 (en)

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EP0240406A1 (en) * 1986-04-03 1987-10-07 Merlin Gerin Electrical puffer-type circuit breaker having a high dielectrical strength
FR2631735A1 (en) * 1988-05-17 1989-11-24 Merlin Gerin Device for adjusting a medium-voltage electric switch
EP0401131A1 (en) * 1989-05-31 1990-12-05 Merlin Gerin Electrical switch with rotating arc
FR2647948A1 (en) * 1989-05-31 1990-12-07 Merlin Gerin ELECTRIC SWITCH WITH ROTATING ARC
US5003138A (en) * 1989-05-31 1991-03-26 Merlin Gerin Rotating arc electrical switch
EP0599742A1 (en) * 1992-11-26 1994-06-01 Schneider Electric Sa Off-and-on mechanism for an electric medium-high or high voltage circuit breaker
FR2735277A1 (en) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-13 Schneider Electric Sa MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH GAS INSULATION
EP0749139A1 (en) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-18 Schneider Electric Sa Gasinsulated M.T. circuit breaker
CN1068963C (en) * 1995-06-12 2001-07-25 施耐德电器工业公司 Medium voltage gas isolation circuit breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES506650A0 (en) 1982-10-01
US4529853A (en) 1985-07-16
CS226039B2 (en) 1984-03-19
CA1173088A (en) 1984-08-21
EP0053524B1 (en) 1985-01-02
FR2494493A1 (en) 1982-05-21
ES8207657A1 (en) 1982-10-01
DE3168063D1 (en) 1985-02-14
FR2494493B1 (en) 1983-08-26

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