EP0045229A1 - Switch with double rotating arc - Google Patents

Switch with double rotating arc Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0045229A1
EP0045229A1 EP81401079A EP81401079A EP0045229A1 EP 0045229 A1 EP0045229 A1 EP 0045229A1 EP 81401079 A EP81401079 A EP 81401079A EP 81401079 A EP81401079 A EP 81401079A EP 0045229 A1 EP0045229 A1 EP 0045229A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
contacts
contact
coil
annular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81401079A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0045229B1 (en
Inventor
Georges Bernard
Pierre Leclercq
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Publication of EP0045229A1 publication Critical patent/EP0045229A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0045229B1 publication Critical patent/EP0045229B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H01H33/982—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow in which the pressure-generating arc is rotated by a magnetic field

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is to improve the aforementioned switch, in particular to increase the voltage performance thereof by placing two chambers in series and to allow the production of a simple structure with increased performance.
  • the switch according to the invention is characterized in that said coil is disposed in the separation zone of said contacts in the open position and has a passage opening for the movable contact in the closed position and that said coil is flanked laterally by two connected annular electrodes electrically respectively at the input and at the output of the coil, one of the electrodes being oriented opposite the fixed contact and the other facing the movable contact in the open position.
  • the arc drawn during the separation of the contacts is subdivided into two divisional arcs anchored on the two electrodes framing the coil by putting the latter in circuit.
  • Each divisional arc is subjected to the magnetic blowing action generated by the coil, and the roots migrate to the electrodes associated with the coil.
  • the blow coil is automatically switched on as soon as the movable contact is removed from the coil. In the closed position of the switch, the coil is not supplied.
  • the fixed contact comprises a semi-fixed arcing contact capable of accompanying over a limited stroke the movable contact to allow separation without arc of the main contacts constituted by a fixed contact tulip cooperating with the outer edge of the mobile contact.
  • the fixed and movable contacts are tubular in shape to allow gases to escape through the contacts and ensure pneumatic blowing of the arcs anchored on the contacts.
  • the enclosure is advantageously subdivided by two intermediate partitions into three chambers, the middle chamber containing the contacts and constituting a breaking chamber communicating in the position of separation of the contacts with the two adjacent expansion chambers.
  • the action of the arcs drawn between the contacts causes a thermal expansion of the gas from the interrupting chamber and an exhaust to the expansion chambers through the tubular contacts.
  • the internal diameter of the blowing coil is only slightly greater than the diameter of the tubular movable contact which passes through it in the closed position, so as to have an intense blowing magnetic field in the arc zone.
  • Opposite the annular electrodes flanking the faces of the coil are advantageously arranged annular rings of equivalent diameter associated with the fixed contact and with the movable contact so as to pick up the divisional arcs in a manner known per se.
  • a casing 10 of cylindrical shape made of an insulating material is closed in a sealed manner at its ends by bottoms 12, 14, constituting input and output terminals of the switch.
  • the envelope 10 is filled with an electronegative gas, such as sulfur hexafluoride, under an appropriate pressure.
  • the bottom 12 is traversed in a sealed manner by a sliding rod 16 - of control extended in its internal part to the casing 10 by a tubular movable contact 18 having at its end an annular contact face 20.
  • the tubular movable contact 18 is surrounded in its rear part by a tubular support 22 whose end 24 is shaped as a support collar for a tulip contact, designated by the general reference 26.
  • the tulip contact 26 comprises of manner well known to specialists, a plurality of contact fingers 28, distributed circumferentially around the collar 24 and of the movable tubular contact 18, a spring 30 holding the ends of the contact fingers 28 in abutment with the collar 24 and a spring 32 holding the opposite ends contact fingers 28 in contact with the periphery of the movable tubular contact 18.
  • the contact fingers extend into an annular arc track 34 projecting from the end 20 of the movable tubular contact 18 in the retracted position of opening of this latest.
  • a semi-fixed tubular contact 36 is mounted with limited sliding in the support 22 ', a spring 38 cooperating with the semi-fixed contact 36 to urge the latter in the protruding position, shown on the right part of the figure, in which the front face 40 of arcing contact is set back from the annular ring 34 ', the contact fingers 28' being in abutment of the external periphery of the semi-fixed contact 36.
  • This last contact 36 can be pushed back against the spring 38 in a withdrawal position, shown on the left side of the figure.
  • Intermediate partitions 42, 44 subdivide the internal volume of the enclosure 10 into three chambers, in this case a breaking chamber 46, delimited by the partitions 42, 44, and two expansion chambers 48, 50, delimited respectively by the partition 42 and the bottom 14, and the partition 44 and the bottom 12.
  • the movable 18 and semi-fixed contacts 36 as well as the contact tulips 26, 26 ′ are arranged coaxially in the breaking chamber 46.
  • the interior volumes of the movable contacts 18 and semi-fixed 36 communicate via orifices 52, respectively with the expansion chamber 50 and with the expansion chamber 48, allowing an escape of the breaking gases from the breaking chamber 46 towards the chambers
  • a blowing coil 54 In the central part of the cutting chamber 46 is arranged a blowing coil 54, of annular shape, being interposed at substantially the same distance between the tulip contacts 26, 26 '.
  • the annular lateral faces of the coil 54 are capped by electrodes 56, 58, each having an annular bead track 60, 62 facing the arc crowns 34 'and 34 respectively.
  • the coil 54 and the annular electrodes 56, 58 are clamped between flanges 64 by bolts 66, the assembly being secured to the intermediate partition 42 by one or more supports 68.
  • a cylinder 70 made of a magnetic material with the interposition of an insulating section or of an insulating material resistant to the action of the arc sheaths the cylindrical internal face of the coil 54 and has an internal diameter slightly greater than that of the movable tubular contact 18 to allow the latter to pass with little play.
  • the supply conductors of the coil 54 are electrically connected respectively to the annular electrode 56 and to the annular electrode 58.
  • Screens 72 extending the annular electrodes 56, 58 are arranged as deflectors of the gases ionized by the arc.
  • the arrangement is not necessarily symmetrical, as described and illustrated by the figure attached, and that the coil 54 may include a magnetic circuit for strengthening the blowing field.
  • the subdivision of the arc into two divisional arcs with insertion of the blowing coil can be used in combination with additional blowing means, either by thermal expansion of the gases, or by self-compression by piston and cylinder or self-suction.
  • the switch can be devoid of main contacts and / or annular rings for capturing arc roots, the latter remaining anchored to the contacts throughout its duration.
  • the fixed arrangement, illustrated by the figure, of the blowing coil is the simplest, it is conceivable to use a semi-fixed coil, which accompanies the movable contact in its opening movement over a limited stroke, so to generate the magnetic field more quickly.
  • the contact (s) are not necessarily hollow, or of the sliding type, any other structure being conceivable.
  • the performance of the switch corresponds to that of a two-chamber switch in series.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

1. Switch with rotating arc having a tight enclosure (10) filled with a high dielectric strength gas, in which are located : - a pair of coaxial separable contacts (36, 18) of which a moving contact (18) sliding in the axial direction to come in separate position, - a blow-out ring-shaped coil (54) disposed to generate a cross magnetic field in the extension zone of the arc drawn when said contacts separate. - at least a ring-shaped electrode (56, 58) inserted in the zone of the arc extension to collect this last one, said electrode being electrically connected to said coil (54) to bring into circuit this last one when the arc is transferred on to the electrode and to submit the arc root to one rotation on the ring-shaped electrode, characterized in that it comprises principal contacts (18, 26') and arc contacts (20, 40), these latter separating during the sliding move of the moving contact (18) after the separation of the principal contacts (18, 26'), and a single coil (54) equipped with a passage aperture of the moving contact (18) and disposed in the separation zone of said arc contacts (20, 40) in separate position, said coil (54) being flanked on both side faces by two ring-shaped electrodes (56, 58) electrically connected to the input and to the output of the coil respectively and facing one (36) and the other of said arc contacts (20, 40) in separate position respectively.

Description

L'invention est relative à un interrupteur à arc tournant ayant une enceinte étanche remplie d'un gaz à rigidité diélectrique élevée, dans laquelle sont logés :

  • - un contact fixe ou semi-fixe,
  • - un contact mobile coulissant coopérant en position de fermeture avec le contact fixe,
  • - une bobine annulaire de soufflage agencée pour engendrer un champ magnétique transversal dans la zone d'extension de l'arc tiré lors de la séparation desdits contacts,
  • - une électrode annulaire disposée au voisinage de l'arc pour capter ce dernier, ladite électrode étant reliée électriquement à ladite bobine pour mettre en circuit cette dernière lors du transfert de l'arc sur l'électrode et soumettre la racine de l'arc à une rotation sur l'électrode annulaire.
The invention relates to a rotary arc switch having a sealed enclosure filled with a gas of high dielectric strength, in which are housed:
  • - a fixed or semi-fixed contact,
  • - a sliding movable contact cooperating in the closed position with the fixed contact,
  • - an annular blowing coil arranged to generate a transverse magnetic field in the zone of extension of the arc drawn during the separation of said contacts,
  • - an annular electrode arranged in the vicinity of the arc to capture the latter, said electrode being electrically connected to said coil to switch on the latter during transfer of the arc to the electrode and subject the root of the arc to a rotation on the annular electrode.

La demanderesse a déjà proposé dans sa demande de brevet fran- çais N° 80 06561 du 24-3-1980 un interrupteur à arc tournant du genre mentionné, équipé de contacts principaux qui se séparent sans arc, préalablement à l'ouverture des contacts d'arc. En position de fermeture le contact mobile traverse l'orifice ménagé dans la bobine de soufflage et coopère par sa périphérie externe avec un contact principal en forme de tulipe. Un contact semi-fixe accompagne le contact mobile sur une partie de sa course d'ouverture de manière à réaliser une ouverture sans arc des contacts principaux, l'arc étant tiré lors de la séparation du contact semi-fixe et du contact mobile. Le contact principal fixe est disposé à l'arrière de la bobine de soufflage, ce qui nécessite une augmentation de la course du contact mobile. La structure de l'ensemble fixe, constitué par la bobine de soufflage et les contacts fixes, se prête mal à un soufflage pneumatique à travers le contact fixe.The applicant has already proposed in its French patent application N ° 80 06561 of 24-3-1980 a rotary arc switch of the kind mentioned, equipped with main contacts which separate without an arc, before the opening of the contacts 'bow. In the closed position, the movable contact passes through the orifice formed in the blowing coil and cooperates through its external periphery with a main contact in the form of a tulip. A semi-fixed contact accompanies the mobile contact over part of its opening stroke so as to produce an opening without an arc of the main contacts, the arc being drawn during the separation of the semi-fixed contact and the mobile contact. The fixed main contact is arranged at the rear of the blow coil, which requires an increase in the stroke of the movable contact. The structure of the fixed assembly, consisting of the blowing coil and the fixed contacts, lends itself poorly to pneumatic blowing through the fixed contact.

La présente invention a pour but de perfectionner l'interrupteur précité, notamment d'en accroître les performances de tension par une mise en série de deux chambres et de permettre la réalisation d'un interrupteur de structure simple à performances accrues.The object of the present invention is to improve the aforementioned switch, in particular to increase the voltage performance thereof by placing two chambers in series and to allow the production of a simple structure with increased performance.

L'interrupteur selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que ladite bobine est disposée dans la zone de séparation desdits contacts en position ouvert et présente un orifice de passage du contact mobile en position fermé et que ladite bobine est flanquée latéralement de deux électrodes annulaires reliées électriquement respectivement à l'entrée et à la sortie de la bobine, l'une des électrodes étant orientée en regard du contact fixe et l'autre en regard du contact mobile en position ouvert.The switch according to the invention is characterized in that said coil is disposed in the separation zone of said contacts in the open position and has a passage opening for the movable contact in the closed position and that said coil is flanked laterally by two connected annular electrodes electrically respectively at the input and at the output of the coil, one of the electrodes being oriented opposite the fixed contact and the other facing the movable contact in the open position.

L'arc tiré lors de la séparation des contacts se subdivise en deux arcs divisionnaires ancrés sur les deux électrodes encadrant la bobine en mettant cette dernière en circuit. Chaque arc divisionnaire est soumis à l'action de soufflage magnétique engendré par la bobine, et les racines migrent sur les électrodes associées à la bobine. La bobine de soufflage est mise automatiquement en circuit dès le retrait du contact mobile hors de la bobine. En position de fermeture de l'interrupteur la bobine n'est pas alimentée.The arc drawn during the separation of the contacts is subdivided into two divisional arcs anchored on the two electrodes framing the coil by putting the latter in circuit. Each divisional arc is subjected to the magnetic blowing action generated by the coil, and the roots migrate to the electrodes associated with the coil. The blow coil is automatically switched on as soon as the movable contact is removed from the coil. In the closed position of the switch, the coil is not supplied.

Selon un développement de l'invention, le contact fixe comporte un contact d'arc semi-fixe susceptible d'accompagner sur une course limitée le contact mobile pour permettre une séparation sans arc des contacts principaux constitués par une tulipe de contact fixe coopérant avec le pourtour externe du contact mobile.According to a development of the invention, the fixed contact comprises a semi-fixed arcing contact capable of accompanying over a limited stroke the movable contact to allow separation without arc of the main contacts constituted by a fixed contact tulip cooperating with the outer edge of the mobile contact.

Selon un autre développement de l'invention, les contacts fixe et mobile sont de forme tubulaire pour permettre un échappement des gaz à travers les contacts et assurer un soufflage pneumatique des arcs ancrés sur les contacts. L'enceinte est avantageusement subdivisée par deux cloisons intermédiaires en trois chambres, la chambre médiane contenant les contacts et constituant une chambre de coupure communiquant en position de séparation des contacts avec les deux chambres d'expansion adjacentes. L'action des arcs tirés entre les contacts provoque une expansion thermique du gaz de la chambre de coupure et un échappement vers les chambres d'expansion à travers les contacts tubulaires. Le diamètre interne de la bobine de soufflage n'est que légèrement supérieur au diamètre du contact mobile tubulaire qui la traverse en position de fermeture, de façon à disposer d'un champ magnétique de soufflage intense dans la zone d'arc. En regard des électrodes annulaires flanquant les faces de la bobine sont avantageusement disposées des couronnes annulaires de diamètre équivalent associées au contact fixe et au contact mobile de manière à capter les arcs divisionnaires d'une manière connue en soi.According to another development of the invention, the fixed and movable contacts are tubular in shape to allow gases to escape through the contacts and ensure pneumatic blowing of the arcs anchored on the contacts. The enclosure is advantageously subdivided by two intermediate partitions into three chambers, the middle chamber containing the contacts and constituting a breaking chamber communicating in the position of separation of the contacts with the two adjacent expansion chambers. The action of the arcs drawn between the contacts causes a thermal expansion of the gas from the interrupting chamber and an exhaust to the expansion chambers through the tubular contacts. The internal diameter of the blowing coil is only slightly greater than the diameter of the tubular movable contact which passes through it in the closed position, so as to have an intense blowing magnetic field in the arc zone. Opposite the annular electrodes flanking the faces of the coil are advantageously arranged annular rings of equivalent diameter associated with the fixed contact and with the movable contact so as to pick up the divisional arcs in a manner known per se.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté au dessin annexé, dans lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un pôle d' interrupteur selon l'invention, la demi-vue de gauche représentant l'interrupteur en position fermé, et la demi-vue de droite représentant cet interrupteur en position ouvert.
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of an embodiment of the invention, given by way of nonlimiting example and represented in the appended drawing, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view in axial section of a switch pole according to the invention, the left half-view representing the switch in the closed position, and the right half-view representing this switch in the open position.

Sur la figure, une enveloppe 10 de forme cylindrique en un matériau isolant, est obturée d'une manière étanche à ses extrémités par des fonds 12, 14, constituant des bornes d'entrée et de sortie de l'interrupteur. L'enveloppe 10 est remplie d'un gaz électronégatif, tel que l'hexafluorure de soufre,sous une pression appropriée. Le fond 12 est traversé d'une manière étanche par une tige coulissante 16-de commande prolongée dans sa partie interne à l'enveloppe 10 par un contact mobile tubulaire 18 présentant à son extrémité une face annulaire de contact 20. Le contact mobile tubulaire 18 est entouré dans sa partie arrière d'un support tubulaire 22 dont l'extrémité 24 est conformée en collet de support d'un contact en tulipe, désigné par le repère général 26. Le contact en tulipe 26 comprend d'une manière bien connue des spécialistes une pluralité de doigts de contact 28, répartis circonférentiellement autour du collet 24 et du contact tubulaire mobile 18, un ressort 30 maintenant les extrémités des doigts de contact 28 en appui du collet 24 et un ressort 32 maintenant les extrémités opposées des doigts de contact 28 au contact de la périphérie du contact mobile tubulaire 18. Les doigts de contact se prolongent en une piste annulaire d'arc 34 faisant saillie de l'extrémité 20 du contact tubulaire mobile 18 en position rétractée d'ouverture de ce dernier.In the figure, a casing 10 of cylindrical shape made of an insulating material, is closed in a sealed manner at its ends by bottoms 12, 14, constituting input and output terminals of the switch. The envelope 10 is filled with an electronegative gas, such as sulfur hexafluoride, under an appropriate pressure. The bottom 12 is traversed in a sealed manner by a sliding rod 16 - of control extended in its internal part to the casing 10 by a tubular movable contact 18 having at its end an annular contact face 20. The tubular movable contact 18 is surrounded in its rear part by a tubular support 22 whose end 24 is shaped as a support collar for a tulip contact, designated by the general reference 26. The tulip contact 26 comprises of manner well known to specialists, a plurality of contact fingers 28, distributed circumferentially around the collar 24 and of the movable tubular contact 18, a spring 30 holding the ends of the contact fingers 28 in abutment with the collar 24 and a spring 32 holding the opposite ends contact fingers 28 in contact with the periphery of the movable tubular contact 18. The contact fingers extend into an annular arc track 34 projecting from the end 20 of the movable tubular contact 18 in the retracted position of opening of this latest.

Au fond opposé 14 est fixé, d'une manière analogue à celle décrite ci-dessus, un support 22' portant à son extrémité une tulipe de contact 26' dont les éléments constitutifs sont identiques à ceux de la tulipe de contact 26 et sont affectés du même numéro de repère portant un indice. Un contact tubulaire semi-fixe 36 est monté à coulissement limité dans le support 22', un ressort 38 coopérant avec le contact semi-fixe 36 pour solliciter ce dernier en position de -saillie, représentée sur la partie droite de la figure, dans laquelle la face frontale 40 de contact d'arc est en retrait de la couronne annulaire 34', les doigts de contact 28' étant en appui du pourtour externe du contact semi-fixe 36. Ce dernier contact 36 peut être repoussé à l'encontre du ressort 38 en une position de retrait, représentée sur la partie gauche de la figure. Des cloisons intermédiaires 42, 44 subdivisent le volume interne de l'enceinte 10 en trois chambres, en l'occurrence une chambre de coupure 46, délimitée par les cloisons 42, 44, et deux chambres d'expansion 48, 50, délimitées respectivement par la cloison 42 et le fond 14, et la cloison 44 et le fond 12. Les contacts mobile 18 et semi-fixe 36 ainsi que les tulipes de contact 26, 26' sont disposés coaxialement dans la chambre de coupure 46. Les volumes intérieurs des contacts mobile 18 et semi-fixe 36 communiquent par des orifices 52, respectivement avec la chambre d'expansion 50 et avec la chambre d'expansion 48, permettant un échappement des gaz de coupure hors de la chambre de coupure 46 vers les chambresAt the opposite bottom 14 is fixed, in a manner analogous to that described above, a support 22 'carrying at its end a contact tulip 26' whose constituent elements are identical to those of the contact tulip 26 and are assigned of the same reference number bearing an index. A semi-fixed tubular contact 36 is mounted with limited sliding in the support 22 ', a spring 38 cooperating with the semi-fixed contact 36 to urge the latter in the protruding position, shown on the right part of the figure, in which the front face 40 of arcing contact is set back from the annular ring 34 ', the contact fingers 28' being in abutment of the external periphery of the semi-fixed contact 36. This last contact 36 can be pushed back against the spring 38 in a withdrawal position, shown on the left side of the figure. Intermediate partitions 42, 44 subdivide the internal volume of the enclosure 10 into three chambers, in this case a breaking chamber 46, delimited by the partitions 42, 44, and two expansion chambers 48, 50, delimited respectively by the partition 42 and the bottom 14, and the partition 44 and the bottom 12. The movable 18 and semi-fixed contacts 36 as well as the contact tulips 26, 26 ′ are arranged coaxially in the breaking chamber 46. The interior volumes of the movable contacts 18 and semi-fixed 36 communicate via orifices 52, respectively with the expansion chamber 50 and with the expansion chamber 48, allowing an escape of the breaking gases from the breaking chamber 46 towards the chambers

d'expansion 48, 50.expansion 48, 50.

Dans la partie centrale de la chambre de coupure 46 est disposée une bobine de soufflage 54, de forme annulaire, en étant intercalée sensiblement à la même distance entre les contacts en tulipe 26, 26'. Les faces latérales annulaires de la bobine 54 sont coiffées par des électrodes 56, 58, présentant chacune une piste annulaire en bourrelet 60, 62 faisant face respectivement aux couronnes d'arc 34' et 34. La bobine 54 et les électrodes annulaires 56, 58 sont serrées entre des brides 64 par des boulons 66, l'ensemble étant assujetti à la cloison intermédiaire 42 par un ou plusieurs supports 68. Un cylindre 70, en un matériau magnétique avec interposition d'un tronçon isolant ou en un matériau isolant résistant à l'action de l'arc, gaine la face interne cylindrique de la bobine 54 et présente un diamètre interne légèrement supérieur à celui du contact tubulaire mobile 18 pour permettre un passage à faible jeu de ce dernier. Les conducteurs d'alimentation de la bobine 54 sont reliés électriquement respectivement à l'électrode annulaire 56 et à l'électrode annulaire 58. Des écrans 72 prolongeant les électrodes annulaires 56, 58 sont agencés en déflecteurs des gaz ionisés par l'arc.In the central part of the cutting chamber 46 is arranged a blowing coil 54, of annular shape, being interposed at substantially the same distance between the tulip contacts 26, 26 '. The annular lateral faces of the coil 54 are capped by electrodes 56, 58, each having an annular bead track 60, 62 facing the arc crowns 34 'and 34 respectively. The coil 54 and the annular electrodes 56, 58 are clamped between flanges 64 by bolts 66, the assembly being secured to the intermediate partition 42 by one or more supports 68. A cylinder 70, made of a magnetic material with the interposition of an insulating section or of an insulating material resistant to the action of the arc sheaths the cylindrical internal face of the coil 54 and has an internal diameter slightly greater than that of the movable tubular contact 18 to allow the latter to pass with little play. The supply conductors of the coil 54 are electrically connected respectively to the annular electrode 56 and to the annular electrode 58. Screens 72 extending the annular electrodes 56, 58 are arranged as deflectors of the gases ionized by the arc.

L'interrupteur selon l'invention fonctionne de la manière suivante :

  • En position fermé, représentée sur la partie gauche de la figure, les contacts tubulaire mobile 18 et semi-fixe 36 sont aboutés, le contact semi-fixe 36 étant repoussé en position de retrait mettant en contact le pourtour du contact mobile 18 et le contact principal en tulipe 26'. La quasi-totalité du courant parcourt le support 22', le contact en tulipe 26', le contact mobile 18; le contact en tulipe 26 et le support 22, seule une fraction du courant passant par les extrémités du contact d'arc 20, 40. Un coulissement vers le bas sur la figure, de la tige de commande 16 provoque en un premier stade la séparation des contacts principaux constitués par la tulipe de contact 26' et le pourtour externe du contact mobile 18, cette séparation s'effectuant sans arc. Le contact semi-fixe 36 accompagne dans son déplacement le contact mobile 18 et le courant est commuté sur les contacts d'arc 20, 40. A la fin de cette phase initiale le contact semi-fixe 36 vient en butée et le déplacement poursuivi du contact mobile 18 provoque la séparation des contacts d'arc 20, 40 avec formation d'un arc. La racine de l'arc commute rapidement du contact semi-fixe 36 sur la couronne annulaire 34. Le contact mobile 18 défile par la suite devant l'électrode annulaire 60 et l'électrode annulaire 62 en créant une subdivision de l'arc en deux arcs divisionnaires ancrés sur les électrodes annulaires 60, 62 mettant en circuit la bobine 54. En fin de course d'ouverture le contact mobile 18 vient en retrait de la couronne annulaire d'arc 34 sur laquelle commute l'arc. Le champ magnétique engendré par la bobine de soufflage 54 provoque une rotation des racines des arcs divisionnaires sur les électrodes annulaires 60, 62 et les couronnes annulaires 34, 34'. Les gaz contenus dans la chambre de coupure 46 sont soumis à l'action des arcs et à une expansion thermique provoquant un échappement des gaz à travers les contacts tubulaires 18, 36 vers les chambres d'expansion 48,50. L'action combinée du soufflage magnétique par rotation des arcs et du soufflage pneumatique par expansion thermique des gaz et écoulement à travers les contacts tubulaires engendre une extinction rapide des arcs. La fermeture s'effectue par un mouvement de coulissement en sens inverse du contact mobile 18, qui vient en premier lieu en contact de la face annulaire 40 du contact semi-fixe 36, puis en contact de la tulipe de contact 26', le contact semi-fixe 36 étant repoussé en position de retrait. L'ouverture des contacts principaux s'effectue sans arc et de ce fait sans risque d'érosion. La bobine 54 est hors circuit en position de fermeture de l'interrupteur, sa mise en circuit s'effectuant automatiquement lors de l'ouverture.
The switch according to the invention operates as follows:
  • In the closed position, shown on the left side of the figure, the movable tubular 18 and semi-fixed contact 36 are abutted, the semi-fixed contact 36 being pushed back into the withdrawn position bringing the periphery of the mobile contact 18 into contact with the contact main in tulip 26 '. Almost all of the current flows through the support 22 ', the tulip contact 26', the movable contact 18; the tulip contact 26 and the support 22, only a fraction of the current passing through the ends of the arcing contact 20, 40. A sliding downwards in the figure, of the control rod 16 causes in a first stage the separation idiots main tacts constituted by the contact tulip 26 'and the external periphery of the movable contact 18, this separation being effected without an arc. The semi-fixed contact 36 accompanies in its movement the movable contact 18 and the current is switched on the arcing contacts 20, 40. At the end of this initial phase the semi-fixed contact 36 comes into abutment and the movement continued from the movable contact 18 causes the separation of the arcing contacts 20, 40 with the formation of an arc. The root of the arc quickly switches from the semi-fixed contact 36 on the annular ring 34. The movable contact 18 then scrolls past the annular electrode 60 and the annular electrode 62 by creating a subdivision of the arc in two divisional arcs anchored on the annular electrodes 60, 62 putting the coil 54 in circuit. At the end of the opening stroke, the movable contact 18 comes back from the annular arc crown 34 on which the arc commutes. The magnetic field generated by the blow coil 54 causes rotation of the roots of the divisional arcs on the annular electrodes 60, 62 and the annular rings 34, 34 '. The gases contained in the interrupting chamber 46 are subjected to the action of arcs and to a thermal expansion causing an escape of the gases through the tubular contacts 18, 36 towards the expansion chambers 48.50. The combined action of magnetic blowing by rotation of the arcs and pneumatic blowing by thermal expansion of the gases and flow through the tubular contacts generates rapid extinction of the arcs. The closure is effected by a sliding movement in the opposite direction of the movable contact 18, which first comes into contact with the annular face 40 of the semi-fixed contact 36, then in contact with the contact tulip 26 ′, the contact semi-fixed 36 being pushed back into the withdrawn position. The main contacts are opened without an arc and therefore without risk of erosion. The coil 54 is out of circuit in the closed position of the switch, its circuitry being effected automatically upon opening.

Il est clair que la disposition n'est pas obligatoirement symétrique, telle que décrite et illustrée par la figure annexée, et que la bobine 54 peut comporter un circuit magnétique de renforcement du champ de soufflage. La subdivision de l'arc en deux arcs divisionnaires avec insertion de la bobine de soufflage peut être utilisée en combinaison avec des moyens de soufflage additionnels, soit par expansion thermique des gaz, soit par autocompression par piston et cylindre ou autoaspiration. L'interrupteur peut être dépourvu de contacts principaux et/ou de couronnes annulaires de captation des racines d'arc, ce dernier restant ancré sur les contacts pendant toute sa durée. Quoique la disposition fixe, illustrée par la figure, de la bobine de soufflage soit la plus simple, il est concevable d'utiliser une bobine semi-fixe, qui accompagne le contact mobile dans son mouvement d'ouverture sur une course limitée, de manière à engendrer le champ magnétique plus rapidement. Le ou les contacts ne sont pas obligatoirement creux, ni du type à coulissement, toute autre structure étant concevable. Les performances de l'interrupteur correspondent à celles d'un interrupteur à deux chambres en série.It is clear that the arrangement is not necessarily symmetrical, as described and illustrated by the figure attached, and that the coil 54 may include a magnetic circuit for strengthening the blowing field. The subdivision of the arc into two divisional arcs with insertion of the blowing coil can be used in combination with additional blowing means, either by thermal expansion of the gases, or by self-compression by piston and cylinder or self-suction. The switch can be devoid of main contacts and / or annular rings for capturing arc roots, the latter remaining anchored to the contacts throughout its duration. Although the fixed arrangement, illustrated by the figure, of the blowing coil is the simplest, it is conceivable to use a semi-fixed coil, which accompanies the movable contact in its opening movement over a limited stroke, so to generate the magnetic field more quickly. The contact (s) are not necessarily hollow, or of the sliding type, any other structure being conceivable. The performance of the switch corresponds to that of a two-chamber switch in series.

Claims (8)

1. Interrupteur à arc tournant ayant une enceinte étanche (10) remplie d'un gaz à rigidité diélectrique élevée, dans laquelle sont logés : - un contact fixe ou semi-fixe (36), - un contact mobile (18) coulissant dans la direction axiale pour coopérer en position de fermeture avec le contact fixe (36), - une bobine annulaire (54) de soufflage agencée pour engendrer un champ magnétique transversal dans la zone d'extension de l'arc tiré lors de la séparation desdits contacts, - au moins une électrode annulaire (56, 58) disposée au voisinage de l'arc pour capter ce dernier, ladite électrode étant reliée électriquement à ladite bobine (54) pour mettre en circuit cette dernière lors du transfert de l'arc sur l'érectrode et soumettre la racine de l'arc à une rotation sur l'électrode annulaire,
caractérisé en ce que ladite bobine (54) est disposée dans la zone de séparation desdits contacts (18, 36) en position ouvert en étant décalée du contact fixe ou semi-fixe (36) par un intervalle axial, et présente un orifice de passage du contact mobile (18) en position fermé, et que ladite bobine (54) est flanquée latéralement de deux électrodes (56, 58) annulaires reliées électriquement respectivement à l'entrée et à la sortie de la bobine, l'une (56) des électrodes étant orientée en regard du contact fixe (36) et l'autre (58) en regard du contact mobile (18) en position ouvert. 1. Rotary arc switch having a sealed enclosure (10) filled with a gas of high dielectric strength, in which are housed: - a fixed or semi-fixed contact (36), - a movable contact (18) sliding in the axial direction to cooperate in the closed position with the fixed contact (36), - an annular blowing coil (54) arranged to generate a transverse magnetic field in the area of extension of the arc drawn during the separation of said contacts, - At least one annular electrode (56, 58) disposed in the vicinity of the arc to capture the latter, said electrode being electrically connected to said coil (54) to switch on the latter during the transfer of the arc on the erectrode and subject the root of the arc to rotation on the annular electrode,
characterized in that said coil (54) is disposed in the separation zone of said contacts (18, 36) in the open position, being offset from the fixed or semi-fixed contact (36) by an axial gap, and has a passage orifice of the movable contact (18) in the closed position, and that said coil (54) is laterally flanked by two annular electrodes (56, 58) electrically connected respectively to the input and to the output of the coil, one (56) electrodes being oriented opposite the fixed contact (36) and the other (58) facing the movable contact (18) in the open position. 2. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités (40, 20) desdits contacts fixe (36) et mobile (18) de forme annulaire sont disposées coaxialement à la bobine de soufflage (54).2. Switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends (40, 20) of said fixed (36) and movable (18) contacts of annular shape are arranged coaxially with the blow coil (54). 3. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que la bobine (54) est intercalée sensiblement au milieu entre lesdits contacts (18,36) en position ouvert. 4. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé par le fait qu'une couronne annulaire (34, 34') est associée au contact fixe (36) et/ou au contact mobile (18), de manière à faire saillie de l'extrémité (40, 20) du contact en position ouvert en direction de l'électrode associée (56, 58) et à capter l'arc tiré.3. Switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coil (54) is interposed substantially in the middle between said contacts (18,36) in the open position. 4. Switch according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that an annular ring (34, 34 ') is associated with the fixed contact (36) and / or the movable contact (18), so as to protrude from the end (40, 20) of the contact in the open position in the direction of the associated electrode (56, 58) and in capturing the drawn arc. 5. Interrupteur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les diamètres de la couronne annulaire (34, 34') et de l'électrode annulaire (56, 58) associée sont sensiblement égaux.5. Switch according to claim 4, characterized in that the diameters of the annular ring (34, 34 ') and of the associated annular electrode (56, 58) are substantially equal. 6. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lesdits contacts (18,36) sont de forme tubulaire pour permettre un échappement des gaz à travers lesdits contacts hors de la zone d'extension de l'arc.6. Switch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said contacts (18,36) are of tubular shape to allow an escape of gases through said contacts out of the arc extension zone. 7. Interrupteur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ladite enceinte (10) comporte deux cloisons intermédiaires (42, 44) encadrant la zone d'extension de l'arc de façon à constituer une chambre de coupure (46) encadrée de deux chambres d'expansion (48, 50) et un soufflage par expansion thermique des gaz de la chambre de coupure (46) à travers les deux contacts (18, 36).7. Switch according to claim 6, characterized in that said enclosure (10) comprises two intermediate partitions (42, 44) framing the zone of extension of the arc so as to constitute a breaking chamber (46) framed by two expansion chambers (48, 50) and blowing by thermal expansion of the gases from the interrupting chamber (46) through the two contacts (18, 36). 8. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lesdits contacts (36,18) coopèrent par aboutement, le contact fixe (36) étant monté à coulissement limité pour permettre l'engagement du pourtour cylindrique du contact mobile (18) dans une tulipe de contact principal (26').8. Switch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said contacts (36,18) cooperate by abutment, the fixed contact (36) being mounted with limited sliding to allow engagement of the cylindrical periphery of the movable contact ( 18) in a main contact tulip (26 '). 9. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par un écran (70) de gainage interne de la bobine -(54), intercalé sans solution de continuité entre les deux électrodes annulaires (56, 58).9. Switch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a screen (70) of internal sheathing of the coil - (54), interposed without solution of continuity between the two annular electrodes (56, 58).
EP81401079A 1980-07-17 1981-07-06 Switch with double rotating arc Expired EP0045229B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8015858A FR2487113A1 (en) 1980-07-17 1980-07-17 DOUBLE ROTATING ARC SWITCH
FR8015858 1980-07-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0045229A1 true EP0045229A1 (en) 1982-02-03
EP0045229B1 EP0045229B1 (en) 1984-12-27

Family

ID=9244263

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81401079A Expired EP0045229B1 (en) 1980-07-17 1981-07-06 Switch with double rotating arc

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0045229B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5732521A (en)
DE (1) DE3167928D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2487113A1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1014637A (en) * 1949-03-15 1952-08-19 Hazemeijer Co Alternating current switch, particularly for high currents
FR2239750A1 (en) * 1973-08-04 1975-02-28 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Switch with enclosed blast chamber - divided chamber with nozzle in partition wall actuates blast by heat or arc
FR2368792A1 (en) * 1976-10-20 1978-05-19 Cem Comp Electro Mec Gas blast circuit breaker - has two annular electrodes, one acting as intermediate on one for light arc extinguishing between first one and chamber partition
EP0004213A1 (en) * 1978-03-01 1979-09-19 Merlin Gerin Arc-extinguishing device with pneumatic and magnetic self blow-out
EP0012048A1 (en) * 1978-11-10 1980-06-11 Merlin Gerin Rotating arc switch
EP0020045A1 (en) * 1979-05-25 1980-12-10 South Wales Switchgear Limited Electrical switchgear

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2759267C3 (en) * 1977-12-30 1980-09-11 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Gas switch

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1014637A (en) * 1949-03-15 1952-08-19 Hazemeijer Co Alternating current switch, particularly for high currents
FR2239750A1 (en) * 1973-08-04 1975-02-28 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Switch with enclosed blast chamber - divided chamber with nozzle in partition wall actuates blast by heat or arc
FR2368792A1 (en) * 1976-10-20 1978-05-19 Cem Comp Electro Mec Gas blast circuit breaker - has two annular electrodes, one acting as intermediate on one for light arc extinguishing between first one and chamber partition
EP0004213A1 (en) * 1978-03-01 1979-09-19 Merlin Gerin Arc-extinguishing device with pneumatic and magnetic self blow-out
EP0012048A1 (en) * 1978-11-10 1980-06-11 Merlin Gerin Rotating arc switch
EP0020045A1 (en) * 1979-05-25 1980-12-10 South Wales Switchgear Limited Electrical switchgear

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3167928D1 (en) 1985-02-07
FR2487113A1 (en) 1982-01-22
FR2487113B1 (en) 1983-07-29
JPS5732521A (en) 1982-02-22
EP0045229B1 (en) 1984-12-27

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