EP0008546B1 - Puffer-type gas-blast circuit interrupter with magnetic and pneumatic arc extinguishing - Google Patents

Puffer-type gas-blast circuit interrupter with magnetic and pneumatic arc extinguishing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0008546B1
EP0008546B1 EP19790400532 EP79400532A EP0008546B1 EP 0008546 B1 EP0008546 B1 EP 0008546B1 EP 19790400532 EP19790400532 EP 19790400532 EP 79400532 A EP79400532 A EP 79400532A EP 0008546 B1 EP0008546 B1 EP 0008546B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
coil
chamber
conducting disk
arc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19790400532
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0008546A1 (en
Inventor
Régis Rival
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Merlin Gerin SA
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Merlin Gerin SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0008546A1 publication Critical patent/EP0008546A1/en
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Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H33/285—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electro-dynamic repulsion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-blowing switch having a sealed enclosure filled with a gas with high dielectric strength, such as sulfur hexafluoride, in which are housed a pair of separable contacts, a field production coil.
  • a gas with high dielectric strength such as sulfur hexafluoride
  • magnetic blowing in rotation of an arc drawn between the separate contacts and a gas compression and blowing device comprising a movable partition and a fixed partition delimiting a chamber of variable volume to piston the gas filling the chamber by displacement of the partition mobile.
  • a known switch (US Pat. No. 3,665,134) combines the pneumatic blowing and the magnetic blowing in rotation of the arc.
  • the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6 uses magnetic coils traversed by the current to be cut to reduce the operating forces, in particular of the compression device with piston and cylinder.
  • the assembly is complicated and requires several coils, the inductance of which prevents rapid switching of the current. This switch has never been sold.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to allow the production of a combined self-blowing switch of simple manufacture.
  • the switch according to the present invention is characterized in that said movable partition, in the form of a conductive disc independent of the movable member of the switch, is acted upon, when the switch is closed, in the inactive position of maximum spacing of the fixed partition and adjoining the front face of the coil, arranged outside said chamber, the coil generating, when the switch opens, on the one hand, an electrodynamic force of repulsion of the conductive disc by effect Thomson to compress the gas contained in the chamber, and on the other hand said magnetic blowing field in rotation of the arc extending in the chamber.
  • a blowing piston propelled by the Thomson effect is known from US Pat. No. 2,381,244, but the actuating coil is distant from the cutting zone and the arc extends axially preventing any rotation of the arc.
  • the coil is advantageously fixed and the conductive disc constitutes the movable piston of the blowing device.
  • the conductive disc arranged as a blowing piston, also acts as a contact or as an electrode for migrating the arc.
  • the constituent elements of the switch are housed in a sealed insulating envelope, filled with sulfur hexafluoride, the movable contact, arranged in tubular contact for discharge of the blowing gases towards a dead compartment of the envelope, being actuated by a control rod passing through the insulating jacket.
  • the fixed or semi-fixed contact can be solid or tubular to allow a double blowing of the arc.
  • the coil is preferably supplied by the current flowing through the switch, being connected in series with the arc breaking contacts.
  • bypass contacts opening simultaneously or before the breaking contacts, shunt the coil in the closed position of the switch.
  • the blowing coil is switched on by switching the arc on an auxiliary electrode in a manner well known per se.
  • a sealed envelope 10 elongated by a pole of a switch or circuit breaker, is filled with a gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride, and contains the constituent elements of the pole.
  • An actuating rod 12 crosses one of the bottoms of the cylindrical casing 10 in leaktight fashion and is extended by a tubular contact 16, which extends along the axis of the pole through a fixed partition 18.
  • the chamber 20 confined by the partition 18 and the bottom 14, communicates through orifices 22 with the interior of the tubular contact 16.
  • a semi-fixed disc-shaped contact 24 of equal diameter to the inside diameter of the casing 10.
  • the disc 24 constitutes a free piston movable along the axis of the pole over a limited stroke and delimiting with the partition 18 a chamber 26 of volume variable.
  • the face of the disc 24, opposite the contact 16, is arranged opposite the front face of an annular coil 28, fixedly mounted inside the casing 10 and the inlet of which is electrically connected by a conductor 30 to a terminal 32 of the pole.
  • the output of the coil 28 is connected to sliding contacts 34, cooperating with an axial rod 36 secured to the disc 24.
  • a movable shunt contact 38 capable of cooperating with a fixed contact 40 electrically connected to terminal 32.
  • a compression spring 42 interposed between the font 44 opposite the bottom 14 of the casing 10, and the end of the rod 36, biases the latter in an open position of the contacts of shunt 38, 40, corresponding to a lowered position of the semi-fixed assembly 24, 36, 38, in the direction of the tubular contact 16.
  • the stroke of the spring 42 is small but sufficient to open the contacts 38, 40 and its force is greater than that of a return spring 45 urging the rod 36 upwards.
  • the movement of the disc 24 is limited on the one hand by the reel 28 and on the other hand by the partition 18, and it is easy to see that the volume of the chamber 26 is maximum in the position attached from the disc 24 to the reel 28.
  • the partition 18 has in its thickness an annular groove 46, which surrounds the end of the tubular contact 16 and constitutes a cutting chamber in which the arc can extend after the abutment of the disc 24 against the partition 18
  • the other terminal 48 of the pole crosses the casing 10 and carries sliding contacts 50, cooperating with the rod 12, which of course includes an insulating section (not shown).
  • the current flows through the terminal 48, the sliding contacts 50, the tubular contact 16, the disc 24, the rod 36, the shunt contacts 38 , 40 and terminal 32.
  • the coil 48 is connected in parallel with the shunt contacts 38, 40.
  • the opening of the switch is controlled by a downward movement of the rod 12, and of the tubular contact 16 which separates of the contact disc 24 with the formation of an arc 52.
  • the semi-fixed assembly 24, 36, 38 follows in its movement the tubular contact 16 with a delay, due to the inertia and to the piston effect of the disc 24 compressing the gas in the chamber 26.
  • the shunt contacts 38, 40 open by switching the current in the coil 28, the excitation of which causes Thomson effect an abrupt repulsion of the disc 24.
  • This repulsion of the disc 24 generates a compression of the gas from the chamber 26 and an exhaust of this gas through the tubular contact 16 and the orifices 22 towards the dead chamber 20.
  • the disc 24 acts as an arc blowing piston in a manner well known per se.
  • the magnetic field generated by the coil 28 causes a rotation of the arc 52, the roots of which migrate on the one hand on the disc 24, and on the other hand on the periphery of the contact. tubular 16.
  • the switch is closed by sliding the rod 12 upwards, bringing the tubular contact 16 into abutment against the disc 24.
  • a continued movement moves the semi-fixed assembly 24, 36, 38 upwards initial position for closing the shunt contacts 38, 40 and positioning the disc 24, facing the coil 28, at a short distance from the latter.
  • the semi-fixed assembly 24, 36, 38 may comprise a tubular part for discharging compressed gas towards the upper chamber of the envelope 10 for performing a double axial blowing.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a switch of this type in which the excitation of the blowing coil 28 is not obtained by opening shunt contacts, but by switching the arc on an auxiliary electrode.
  • the tubular contact 16 cooperates with a coaxial fixed tubular contact 54 electrically connected to the terminal 32.
  • An annular disc 56 has a tubular tail 58 which surrounds the fixed tubular contact 54.
  • the disc 56 is slidably mounted in the chamber 26, so as to form a piston for compressing the gas contained in the chamber 26, and it cooperates with the coil 28 to be repelled by the Thomson effect from as described above.
  • a switching electrode 60 At the front of the end of the fixed contact 54 is disposed a switching electrode 60, in the direction of the movable contact 16, to allow switching of the arc on this electrode 60 during the opening movement of the switch .
  • the coil is connected on the one hand to terminal 32 and on the other hand to electrode 60.
  • the coil 28 From the moment of switching, the coil 28 generates a magnetic field which causes on the one hand the repulsion by Thomson effect of the annular piston 56 and on the other hand a magnetic blowing of the arc which performs a rotary movement on the electrode 60 advantageously in shape circular.
  • the right part of Figure 2 shows the switch during opening. The gases compressed by the piston 56 escape through the two tubular contacts 16, 54 towards the end chambers of the envelope 10. The operation is of course identical to that described with reference to FIG. 1, and it is clear that the activation of the coil 28 could be obtained by a shunt contact system or any other suitable means. It is possible to design a switching electrode 60 integral with the tubular tail 58 of the annular disc 56 or other variants of this kind.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Description

L'invention est relative à un interrupteur à autosoufflage ayant une enceinte étanche remplie d'un gaz à rigidité diélectrique élevée, tel que l'hexafluorure de soufre, dans laquelle sont logés un paire de contacts séparables, une bobine de production d'un champ magnétique de soufflage en rotation d'un arc tiré entre les contacts séparés et un dispositif de compression et de soufflage de gaz comprenant un cloison mobile et une cloison fixe délimitant une chambre de volume variable pour pistonner le gaz remplissant la chambre par déplacement de la cloison mobile.The invention relates to a self-blowing switch having a sealed enclosure filled with a gas with high dielectric strength, such as sulfur hexafluoride, in which are housed a pair of separable contacts, a field production coil. magnetic blowing in rotation of an arc drawn between the separate contacts and a gas compression and blowing device comprising a movable partition and a fixed partition delimiting a chamber of variable volume to piston the gas filling the chamber by displacement of the partition mobile.

Un interrupteur connu (brevet US 3.665.134) combine le soufflage pneumatique et le soufflage magnétique en rotation de l'arc. Le mode de mise en oeuvre illustré par la figure 6 utilise des bobines magnétiques parcourues par le courant à couper pour diminuer les forces de manoeuvre, notamment du dispositif de compression à piston et cylindre. L'ensemble est compliqué et nécessite plusieurs bobines dont l'inductance s'oppose à une commutation rapide du courant. Cet interrupteur n'a jamais été commercialisé.A known switch (US Pat. No. 3,665,134) combines the pneumatic blowing and the magnetic blowing in rotation of the arc. The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6 uses magnetic coils traversed by the current to be cut to reduce the operating forces, in particular of the compression device with piston and cylinder. The assembly is complicated and requires several coils, the inductance of which prevents rapid switching of the current. This switch has never been sold.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et de permettre la réalisation d'un interrupteur à autosoufflage combiné de fabrication simple.The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to allow the production of a combined self-blowing switch of simple manufacture.

L'interrupteur selon la présente invention est caractérisé en ce que ladite cloison mobile, en forme de disque conducteur indépendant de l'équipage mobile de l'interrupteur, est sollicitée, lorsque l'interrupteur est fermé, en position inactive d'écartement maximal de la cloison fixe et d'accolement à la face frontale de la bobine, disposée à l'extérieur de ladite chambre, la bobine engendrant lors de l'ouverture de l'interrupteur d'une part une force électrodynamique de répulsion du disque conducteur par effet Thomson pour comprimer le gaz contenu dans la chambre, et d'autre part ledit champ magnétique de soufflage en rotation de l'arc s'étendant dans la chambre.The switch according to the present invention is characterized in that said movable partition, in the form of a conductive disc independent of the movable member of the switch, is acted upon, when the switch is closed, in the inactive position of maximum spacing of the fixed partition and adjoining the front face of the coil, arranged outside said chamber, the coil generating, when the switch opens, on the one hand, an electrodynamic force of repulsion of the conductive disc by effect Thomson to compress the gas contained in the chamber, and on the other hand said magnetic blowing field in rotation of the arc extending in the chamber.

L'utilisation d'une bobine unique pour la commande du dispositif de soufflage pneumatique et pour la mise en rotation de l'arc, simplifie notablement la structure de l'interrupteur sans nécessiter un accroissement notable de la puissance de la bobine. Il semblerait en effet que les actions de soufflage pneumatique et de soufflage magnétique soient échelonnées dans le temps.The use of a single coil for controlling the pneumatic blowing device and for rotating the arc, considerably simplifies the structure of the switch without requiring a significant increase in the power of the coil. It would seem that the pneumatic blowing and magnetic blowing actions are staggered over time.

Un piston de soufflage propulsé par effet Thomson est connu par le brevet US 2.381.244, mais la bobine d'actionnement est éloignée de la zone de coupure et l'arc s'étend axialement empêchant toute rotation de l'arc.A blowing piston propelled by the Thomson effect is known from US Pat. No. 2,381,244, but the actuating coil is distant from the cutting zone and the arc extends axially preventing any rotation of the arc.

La bobine est avantageusement fixe et le disque conducteur constitue le piston mobile du dispositif de soufflage. Selon un développement de l'invention, le disque conducteur, agencé en piston de soufflage, fait également fonction de contact ou d'électrode de migration de l'arc. Les éléments constitutifs de l'interrupteur sont logés dans une enveloppe isolante étanche, remplie d'hexafluorure de soufre, le contact mobile, agencé en contact tubulaire d'évacuation des gaz de soufflage vers un compartiment mort de l'enveloppe, étant actionné par une tige de commande traversant l'enveloppe isolante. Le contact fixe ou semi-fixe peut être plein ou tubulaire pour permettre un double soufflage de l'arc.The coil is advantageously fixed and the conductive disc constitutes the movable piston of the blowing device. According to a development of the invention, the conductive disc, arranged as a blowing piston, also acts as a contact or as an electrode for migrating the arc. The constituent elements of the switch are housed in a sealed insulating envelope, filled with sulfur hexafluoride, the movable contact, arranged in tubular contact for discharge of the blowing gases towards a dead compartment of the envelope, being actuated by a control rod passing through the insulating jacket. The fixed or semi-fixed contact can be solid or tubular to allow a double blowing of the arc.

La bobine est de préférence alimentée par le courant parcourant l'interrupteur, en étant connectée en série avec les contacts de coupure de l'arc. Afin d'éviter l'excitation permanente de la bobine, des contacts de shuntage, s'ouvrant simultanément ou préalablement aux contacts de coupure, shuntent la bobine en position de fermeture de l'interrupteur. Selon une variante de réalisation, la mise en circuit de la bobine de soufflage est réalisée par une commutation de l'arc sur une électrode auxiliaire d'une manière bien connue en soi.The coil is preferably supplied by the current flowing through the switch, being connected in series with the arc breaking contacts. In order to avoid permanent excitation of the coil, bypass contacts, opening simultaneously or before the breaking contacts, shunt the coil in the closed position of the switch. According to an alternative embodiment, the blowing coil is switched on by switching the arc on an auxiliary electrode in a manner well known per se.

L'emploi de l'effet Thomson pour actionner le dispositif de soufflage pneumatique permet une réduction de la force de manoeuvre des contacts et une rapidité de réponse favorable à une extinction rapide de l'arc. Il a été constaté que le soufflage combiné réalise un accroissement du pouvoir de coupure de l'appareil.The use of the Thomson effect to actuate the pneumatic blowing device allows a reduction in the operating force of the contacts and a rapid response favorable to rapid extinction of the arc. It was found that the combined blowing increases the breaking capacity of the device.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre de deux modes de mise en oeuvre de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et représentés aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une coupe axiale schématique d'un interrupteur selon l'invention, représenté en position fermé sur la demi-vue de gauche et en position ouvert sur l'autre demi-vue;
  • la figure 2 est une vue analogue à cell de la figure 1, îllustrant une variante de réalisation.
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of two embodiments of the invention given by way of nonlimiting examples and represented in the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic axial section of a switch according to the invention, shown in the closed position on the left half-view and in the open position on the other half-view;
  • Figure 2 is a view similar to that of Figure 1, illustrating an alternative embodiment.

Sur les figures, une enveloppe 10 étanche, allongée d'un pôle d'un interrupteur ou disjoncteur, est remplie d'un gaz à rigidité diélectrique élevée, notamment l'hexafluorure de soufre, et contient les éléments constitutifs du pôle. Une tige d'actionnement 12 traverse d'une manière étanche l'un 14 des fonds de l'enveloppe cylindrique 10 et se prolonge par un contact tubulaire 16, qui s'étend suivant l'axe du pôle en traversant une cloison fixe 18. La chambre 20 confinée par la cloison 18 et le fond 14, communique par des orifices 22 avec l'intérieur du contact tubulaire 16. En regard du contact tubulaire 16 est disposé un contact semi-fixe en forme de disque 24 d'un diamètre égal au diamètre intérieur de l'enveloppe 10. Le disque 24 constitue un piston libre mobile suivant l'axe du pôle sur une course limitée et délimitant avec la cloison 18 une chambre 26 de volume variable. La face du disque 24, opposée au contact 16, est disposée en regard de la face frontale d'une bobine de forme annulaire 28, montée fixe à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 10 et dont l'entrée est relié électriquement par un conducteur 30 à une borne 32 du pôle. La sortie de la bobine 28 est reliée à des contacts glissants 34, coopérant avec une tige axiale 36 solidarisée au disque 24. A l'extrémité de la tige axiale 36 est fixé un contact mobile de shuntage 38, susceptible de coopérer avec un contact fixe 40 relié électriquement à la borne 32. Un ressort de compression 42, intercalé entre le font 44 opposé au fond 14 de l'enveloppe 10, et l'extrémité de la tige 36, sollicite cette dernière en une position d'ouverture des contacts de shuntage 38, 40, correspondant à une position abaissée de l'ensemble semi-fixe 24, 36, 38, en direction du contact tubulaire 16. La course du ressort 42 est faible mais suffisante à l'ouverture des contacts 38, 40 et sa force est supérieure à celle d'un ressort de rappel 45 sollicitant la tige 36 vers le haut. Le mouvement du disque 24 est limité-d'une part par la bobine 28 et d'autre part par la cloison 18, et il est facile de voir que le volume de la chambre 26 est maximal en position accolée du disque 24 à la bobine 28. La cloison 18 présente dans son épaisseur une rainure annulaire 46, qui entoure l'extrémité du contact tubulaire 16 et constitue une chambre de coupure dans laquelle l'arc peut s'étendre après la venue en butée du disque 24 contre la cloison 18. L'autre borne 48 du pôle traverse l'enveloppe 10 et porte des contacts glissants 50, coopérant avec la tige 12, qui comporte bien entendu un tronçon isolant (non représenté).In the figures, a sealed envelope 10, elongated by a pole of a switch or circuit breaker, is filled with a gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride, and contains the constituent elements of the pole. An actuating rod 12 crosses one of the bottoms of the cylindrical casing 10 in leaktight fashion and is extended by a tubular contact 16, which extends along the axis of the pole through a fixed partition 18. The chamber 20 confined by the partition 18 and the bottom 14, communicates through orifices 22 with the interior of the tubular contact 16. Next to the tubular contact 16 is arranged a semi-fixed disc-shaped contact 24 of equal diameter to the inside diameter of the casing 10. The disc 24 constitutes a free piston movable along the axis of the pole over a limited stroke and delimiting with the partition 18 a chamber 26 of volume variable. The face of the disc 24, opposite the contact 16, is arranged opposite the front face of an annular coil 28, fixedly mounted inside the casing 10 and the inlet of which is electrically connected by a conductor 30 to a terminal 32 of the pole. The output of the coil 28 is connected to sliding contacts 34, cooperating with an axial rod 36 secured to the disc 24. At the end of the axial rod 36 is fixed a movable shunt contact 38, capable of cooperating with a fixed contact 40 electrically connected to terminal 32. A compression spring 42, interposed between the font 44 opposite the bottom 14 of the casing 10, and the end of the rod 36, biases the latter in an open position of the contacts of shunt 38, 40, corresponding to a lowered position of the semi-fixed assembly 24, 36, 38, in the direction of the tubular contact 16. The stroke of the spring 42 is small but sufficient to open the contacts 38, 40 and its force is greater than that of a return spring 45 urging the rod 36 upwards. The movement of the disc 24 is limited on the one hand by the reel 28 and on the other hand by the partition 18, and it is easy to see that the volume of the chamber 26 is maximum in the position attached from the disc 24 to the reel 28. The partition 18 has in its thickness an annular groove 46, which surrounds the end of the tubular contact 16 and constitutes a cutting chamber in which the arc can extend after the abutment of the disc 24 against the partition 18 The other terminal 48 of the pole crosses the casing 10 and carries sliding contacts 50, cooperating with the rod 12, which of course includes an insulating section (not shown).

En position fermée de l'interrupteûr, représentée sur la demi-vue gauche de la figure 1, le courant parcourt la borne 48, les contacts glissants 50, le contact tubulaire 16, le disque 24, la tige 36, les contacts de shuntage 38, 40 et la borne 32. La bobine 48 est connectée en parallèle des contacts de shuntage 38, 40. L'ouverture de l'interrupteur est commandée par un déplacement vers le bas de la tige 12, et du contact tubulaire 16 qui se sépare du disque de contact 24 avec formation d'un arc 52. Sous l'action du ressort 42, l'ensemble semi-fixe 24, 36, 38, suit dans son mouvement le contact tubulaire 16 avec un retard, dû à l'inertie et à l'effet de piston du disque 24 comprimant le gaz de la chambre 26. Après une faible course de l'ensemble semi-fixe 24, 36, 38, les contacts de shuntage 38, 40 s'ouvrent en commutant le courant dans la bobine 28, dont l'excitation provoque par effet Thomson une répulsion brusque du disque 24. Cette répulsion du disque 24 engendre une compression du gaz de la chambre 26 et un échappement de ce gaz à travers le contact tubulaire 16 et les orifices 22 vers la chambre morte 20. Le disque 24 agit en piston de soufflage de l'arc d'une manière bien connue en soi. Simultanément au soufflage pneumatique de l'arc 52, le champ magnétique engendré par la bobine 28 provoque une rotation de l'arc 52, dont les racines migrent d'une part sur le disque 24, et d'autre part sur le pourtour du contact tubulaire 16. La partie droite de la figure 1 représente l'interrupteur en cours d'ouverture, et on voit que le disque 24 n'a pas eu le temps de rattraper le contact tubulaire 16 qui est déjà engagé dans la rainure 46. En fin de parcours, le disque 24 vient en butée de la cloison 18, le contact tubulaire 16 poursuivant sa course vers le bas. L'action combinée de soufflage pneumatique et de soufflage magnétique de l'arc 52 provoque une extinction rapide sans usure des pistes de contact. Le soufflage pneumatique est indépendant de la vitesse d'ouverture des contacts.In the closed position of the interrupter, shown in the left half-view of FIG. 1, the current flows through the terminal 48, the sliding contacts 50, the tubular contact 16, the disc 24, the rod 36, the shunt contacts 38 , 40 and terminal 32. The coil 48 is connected in parallel with the shunt contacts 38, 40. The opening of the switch is controlled by a downward movement of the rod 12, and of the tubular contact 16 which separates of the contact disc 24 with the formation of an arc 52. Under the action of the spring 42, the semi-fixed assembly 24, 36, 38 follows in its movement the tubular contact 16 with a delay, due to the inertia and to the piston effect of the disc 24 compressing the gas in the chamber 26. After a short stroke of the semi-fixed assembly 24, 36, 38, the shunt contacts 38, 40 open by switching the current in the coil 28, the excitation of which causes Thomson effect an abrupt repulsion of the disc 24. This repulsion of the disc 24 generates a compression of the gas from the chamber 26 and an exhaust of this gas through the tubular contact 16 and the orifices 22 towards the dead chamber 20. The disc 24 acts as an arc blowing piston in a manner well known per se. Simultaneously with the pneumatic blowing of the arc 52, the magnetic field generated by the coil 28 causes a rotation of the arc 52, the roots of which migrate on the one hand on the disc 24, and on the other hand on the periphery of the contact. tubular 16. The right part of FIG. 1 represents the switch during opening, and it can be seen that the disc 24 has not had time to catch up with the tubular contact 16 which is already engaged in the groove 46. In end of the journey, the disc 24 abuts the partition 18, the tubular contact 16 continuing its downward stroke. The combined action of pneumatic blowing and magnetic blowing of the arc 52 causes rapid extinction without wear of the contact tracks. The pneumatic blowing is independent of the opening speed of the contacts.

La fermeture de l'interrupteur est effectuée par un coulissement vers le haut de la tige 12, amenant le contact tubulaire 16 en butée contre le disque 24. Un mouvement poursuivi déplace l'ensemble semi-fixe 24, 36, 38 vers le haut en position initiale de fermeture des contacts de shuntage 38, 40 et de positionnement du disque 24, en regard de la bobine 28, à faible distance de cette dernière. Dans l'exemple illustré par la figure, seul un soufflage unilatéral a été envisagé, mais il est clair que l'ensemble semi-fixe 24, 36, 38 peut comporter une partie tubulaire d'évacuation de gaz comprimé vers la chambre supérieure de l'enveloppe 10 pour réaliser un double soufflage axial. La figure 2 illustre un interrupteur de ce type dans lequel l'excitation de la bobine de soufflage 28 n'est pas obtenue par ouverture de contacts de shuntage, mais par commutation de l'arc sur une électrode auxiliaire.The switch is closed by sliding the rod 12 upwards, bringing the tubular contact 16 into abutment against the disc 24. A continued movement moves the semi-fixed assembly 24, 36, 38 upwards initial position for closing the shunt contacts 38, 40 and positioning the disc 24, facing the coil 28, at a short distance from the latter. In the example illustrated by the figure, only one-sided blowing has been envisaged, but it is clear that the semi-fixed assembly 24, 36, 38 may comprise a tubular part for discharging compressed gas towards the upper chamber of the envelope 10 for performing a double axial blowing. FIG. 2 illustrates a switch of this type in which the excitation of the blowing coil 28 is not obtained by opening shunt contacts, but by switching the arc on an auxiliary electrode.

Les mêmes numéros de repère désignent sur la figure 2 des pièces analogues ou identiques à celles de la figure 1. Le contact tubulaire 16 coopère avec un contact tubulaire fixe coaxial 54 relié électriquement à la borne 32. Un disque annulaire 56 présente une queue tubulaire 58 qui entoure le contact tubulaire fixe 54. Le disque 56 est monté à coulissement dans la chambre 26, de manière à former un piston de compression du gaz contenu dans la chambre 26, et il coopère avec la bobine 28 pour être répulsé par effet Thomson de la manière décrite ci-dessus. A l'avant de l'extrémité du contact fixe 54 est disposée une électrode de commutation 60, en direction du contact mobile 16, pour permettre une commutation de l'arc sur cette électrode 60 au cours du mouvement d'ouverture de l'interrupteur. La bobine est reliée d'une part à la borne 32 et d'autre part à l'électrode 60.The same reference numerals designate in FIG. 2 parts similar or identical to those of FIG. 1. The tubular contact 16 cooperates with a coaxial fixed tubular contact 54 electrically connected to the terminal 32. An annular disc 56 has a tubular tail 58 which surrounds the fixed tubular contact 54. The disc 56 is slidably mounted in the chamber 26, so as to form a piston for compressing the gas contained in the chamber 26, and it cooperates with the coil 28 to be repelled by the Thomson effect from as described above. At the front of the end of the fixed contact 54 is disposed a switching electrode 60, in the direction of the movable contact 16, to allow switching of the arc on this electrode 60 during the opening movement of the switch . The coil is connected on the one hand to terminal 32 and on the other hand to electrode 60.

Dans la position fermée de l'interrupteur, représentée sur la partie gauche de la figure 2, les contacts 16, 54 sont aboutés et le courant passe directement de la borne 48 par les contacts 16, 54 à la borne 32. La bobine 28 n'est pas mise en circuit. Le piston en forme de disque annulaire 56 est maintenu dans la position relevée au contact de la bobine 28 par un ressort 62. Un mouvement coulissant vers le bas sur la figure 2, de la tige d'actionnement 12 provoque la séparation des contacts 16, 54 et la formation d'un arc qui très rapidement commute sur l'électrode 60 en mettant en circuit la bobine 28. Dès l'instant de la commutation, la bobine 28 engendre un champ magnétique qui provoque d'une part la répulsion par effet Thomson du piston annulaire 56 et d'autre part un soufflage magnétique de l'arc qui effectue un mouvement rotatif sur l'électrode 60 avantageusement de forme circulaire. La partie droite de la figure 2 représente l'interrupteur en cours d'ouverture. Les gaz comprimés par le piston 56 s'échappent par les deux contacts tubulaires 16, 54 vers les chambres d'extrémité de l'enveloppe 10. Le fonctionnement est bien entendu identique à celui décrit en référence à la figure 1, et il est clair que la mise en circuit de la bobine 28 pourrait être obtenue par un système de contacts de shuntage ou tout autre moyen approprié. Il est possible de concevoir une électrode de commutation 60 solidaire de la queue tubulaire 58 du disque annulair 56 ou d'autres variantes de réalisation de ce genre.In the closed position of the switch, shown on the left side of Figure 2, the contacts 16, 54 are butted and the current flows directly from the terminal 48 through the contacts 16, 54 to the terminal 32. The coil 28 n is not switched on. The piston in the form of an annular disc 56 is held in the raised position in contact with the coil 28 by a spring 62. A movement sliding towards the low in FIG. 2, the actuating rod 12 causes the separation of the contacts 16, 54 and the formation of an arc which very quickly switches over the electrode 60 by switching on the coil 28. From the moment of switching, the coil 28 generates a magnetic field which causes on the one hand the repulsion by Thomson effect of the annular piston 56 and on the other hand a magnetic blowing of the arc which performs a rotary movement on the electrode 60 advantageously in shape circular. The right part of Figure 2 shows the switch during opening. The gases compressed by the piston 56 escape through the two tubular contacts 16, 54 towards the end chambers of the envelope 10. The operation is of course identical to that described with reference to FIG. 1, and it is clear that the activation of the coil 28 could be obtained by a shunt contact system or any other suitable means. It is possible to design a switching electrode 60 integral with the tubular tail 58 of the annular disc 56 or other variants of this kind.

Claims (5)

1. Auto-blowing switch having a tight enclosure (10) filled with a high dielectric strength gas, like sulfur hexafluoride, inside which are located a pair of separable contacts (16, 24, 54), a coil (28) for generating a magnetic field blasting in rotation an arc (52) drawn between the separated contacts and a device of gas compression and blasting comprising a movable wall (24, 56) and a fixed wall (18) delimiting a chamber (26) of variable volume to puff the gas filling the chamber (26) by the movable wall (24, 56) displacement, characterized in that said movable wall (24, 56) shaped as a conducting disk independent of the movable contact assembly of the switch, is biased when the switch is closed, in inactive position of maximum spacing of the fixed wall (18) and of joining to the coil (28) front side, located outside said chamber (26), the coil (28) generating, when the switch is opened, on the one hand an electrodynamic repulsion force of the conducting disk (24, 56) by Thomson effect to compress the gas contained in the chamber (26) and on the other hand said magnetic field blasting in rotation the arc (52) extending inside the chamber (26).
2. Switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the moving contact (16) crosses the fixed wall (18) and co-operates with a semi-fixed contact connected to the conducting disk so as the arc to be tied on the conducting disk.
3. Switch according to ctaim 2, characterized in that the coil (28), the conducting disk (24) and the moving contact (16) are coaxial, the moving contact (16) axially travelling and the conducting disk (24) accompanying the moving contact (16) in its displacement on a limited travel.
4. Switch according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the moving contact (16) and/or the conducting disk (24, 56) presents an exhaust pipe of compressed gas out of the chamber (26).
5. Switch according to any of the claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that a pair of shunting contacts (38, 40; 16, 54) is mounted in parallel with the coil (28) to shunt this last one in switch-on position of the switch, said shunting contacts switching off immediately after the beginning of the switch opening to bring the coil into circuit.
EP19790400532 1978-08-17 1979-07-26 Puffer-type gas-blast circuit interrupter with magnetic and pneumatic arc extinguishing Expired EP0008546B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7824089A FR2433824A1 (en) 1978-08-17 1978-08-17 MAGNETIC AND PNEUMATIC SELF-BLOWING ARC SWITCH
FR7824089 1978-08-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0008546A1 EP0008546A1 (en) 1980-03-05
EP0008546B1 true EP0008546B1 (en) 1982-11-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19790400532 Expired EP0008546B1 (en) 1978-08-17 1979-07-26 Puffer-type gas-blast circuit interrupter with magnetic and pneumatic arc extinguishing

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0008546B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5543789A (en)
DE (1) DE2964051D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2433824A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112362723B (en) * 2020-10-29 2022-03-04 武汉大学 SF based on steady-state Thomson principle6Substitute gas searching method and device

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB378471A (en) * 1931-05-09 1932-08-09 Electr & Allied Ind Res Ass Improvements relating to electric switches or circuit breakers
BE416168A (en) * 1935-07-08
US2381244A (en) * 1943-01-07 1945-08-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
US2665134A (en) * 1947-04-22 1954-01-05 Giannelli Joseph Automatic phonograph
DE1142201B (en) * 1959-11-28 1963-01-10 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Quick switch
US3665134A (en) * 1966-09-01 1972-05-23 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit breakers having radial magnetic field coil inserted into series circuit during the opening operation
JPS5316537Y2 (en) * 1975-07-04 1978-05-01
JPS5210028U (en) * 1975-07-09 1977-01-24

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0008546A1 (en) 1980-03-05
FR2433824B1 (en) 1980-12-12
DE2964051D1 (en) 1982-12-23
JPS5543789A (en) 1980-03-27
FR2433824A1 (en) 1980-03-14

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